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AKNOWLEDGEBASEDAPPROACHFORTHETASKIMPLEMENTATIONINMECHANICALPRODUCTDESIGNABSTRACTALTHOUGHADVANCESHAVEBEENMADETOINTEGRATETHECADSYSTEMWITHDESIGNKNOWLEDGE,THEREARESTILLSOMEBARRIERSTOAPPLYTHEKNOWLEDGEBASEDDESIGNAPPROACHTOWIDEPRACTICEATASKIMPLEMENTATIONMETHODISPROPOSEDFORTHEMECHANICALPRODUCTDESIGNPROCESSTHEDESIGNTASKIMPLEMENTATIONMODELISCONSTRUCTEDBASEDONITSORGANIZEDMODEANDMODULARITYDECLARATIVEKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESMAKEUPOFTHEKERNELCOMPOSITIONOFDESIGNTASKITMAKESTHEDESIGNTASKMORECONTROLLABLEANDAUTOMATABLESOLUTIONOFTHEKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESISDIRECTLYUSEDTODRIVETHEMECHANICALPRODUCTTHEPROPOSEDMODULEHASBEENDEVELOPEDFORINTESOLID20SYSTEM,AMECHANICALCADSYSTEM,ANDITHASBEENEVALUATEDWITHADESIGNEXAMPLEOFATWOSTAGEGEARBOX1INTRODUCTIONINCREASINGCOMPETITIONOFTHEMARKETFORCESENTERPRISESTOSEEKWAYSTOBELEADINGINPRODUCTDESIGNANDMANUFACTURINGDESIGNINEARLYSTAGESOFDEVELOPMENTISADVOCATEDFORAPPLICATIONTOENGINEERINGDESIGNTOSHORTENANDAUTOMATETHEDEVELOPMENTPROCESSCOMPUTERAIDEDDESIGNSYSTEMSARENOWBEINGAPPLIEDTOUPSTREAMDESIGNACTIVITIESINTEGRATIONOFHIGHENDMECHANICALCOMPUTERAIDEDDESIGNMCADSYSTEMSWITHDESIGNACTIVITIESANDDESIGNKNOWLEDGEWOULDALLOWMANUFACTURERSTOAUTOMATETHEIRENGINEERINGANDMANUFACTURINGPROCESSESCAPTURINGTHEDESIGNRULES,EXPERIENCEANDEXPERTISEANDLEVERAGINGITDURINGNEWPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTTHEDEVELOPMENTOFAPRODUCTSHOULDTAKEINTOACCOUNTTHEISSUESOFENGINEERINGPERFORMANCE,MANUFACTURABILITY,ANDCOSTAPUREGEOMETRICMCADSYSTEMONLYSUPPORTSLOWLEVELDESIGNAUTOMATIONITMAKESLITTLEUSEOFDESIGNKNOWLEDGEOTHERTHANTHEDESIGNERSDEXTERITYWITHTHEMCADTOOL,ANDCANNOTMEETTHEEXPECTATIONOFCUSTOMERSFORRAPIDDESIGN,RAPIDMANUFACTURING,ANDHIGHRELIABILITYKNOWLEDGEBASEDENGINEERINGKBEPROVIDESAWAYOFFORMALIZINGANDAUTOMATINGPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTDESIGNKNOWLEDGEISUTILIZEDTOEXPEDITETHECYCLETIMEFROMPRODUCTDESIGNTOMANUFACTURING,ATTHETIMEITASSURESTHEARTIFACTSMEETSTANDARDSACROSSDESIGNANDMANUFACTURINGDISCIPLINESANUMBEROFAPPROACHESTOKNOWLEDGEENGINEERINGFORDESIGNTASKHAVEBEENREPORTEDDURINGTHELASTTWODECADESTHESEWORKSHAVEBEENCONCENTRATEDONDESIGNTASKANALYSISANDDISJOINTFROMMCADSYSTEMHOWEVER,DESIGNACTIVITIESANDKNOWLEDGESHOULDBEDEEPLYINTEGRATEDINTOTHESYSTEMPROCESSESANDEFFECTIVELYUTILIZETHEFRIENDLYINTERFACEOFTHEEXISTINGCADSYSTEMTHOUGHTASKANALYSISISALSOEMPLOYED,THEFOCUSOFTHISPAPERISONTHEKNOWLEDGEREPRESENTATIONSCHEMEFORTASKIMPLEMENTATIONINTHEMCADSYSTEMANDANEFFICIENTREASONINGANDCOMPUTATIONMETHODOLOGYFORENGINEERINGKNOWLEDGE2RELATEDRESEARCHTHISSECTIONDESCRIBESRELATEDRESEARCHTHATHAVEBEENDEVOTEDTOINTEGRATIONOFTHEMCADSYSTEMWITHKNOWLEDGEFORTHEENHANCEMENTOFPRODUCTIVITYANDREUSABILITYOFKBEMETHODOLOGIESINTHESERESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTS,MULTILAYEREDMODELINGAPPROACHESANDTHEOBJECTORIENTEDMETHODARECOMMONLYUSEDTOCONSTRUCTKNOWLEDGE,DESIGNPROCESS,ANDPRODUCTSTRUCTURELEEETAL6HAVESUGGESTEDANINTEGRATEDINFERENCEARCHITECTUREOFANINTELLIGENTCADSYSTEMFORMACHINETOOLSDESIGNINTHISAPPROACH,THEMACHINETOOLSDESIGNPROBLEMISFIRSTDECOMPOSEDINTODESIGNMODULES,ANDDESIGNMODULESAREDECOMPOSEDFURTHERBYACTIVESFOURTYPESOFKNOWLEDGEINACTIVITIES,IE,EQUATIONS,IFTHENRULES,MULTICRITERIADESCISIONMAKINGRULES,TABLEANDGRAPHDATA,HAVEBEENPROCESSEDBYAHYBRIDENGINEHOWEVER,THEDESIGNPROBLEMISSIMPLYDECOMPOSEDANDTHERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENDIFFERENTDESIGNACTIVITIESANDDIFFERENTMODULESAREIGNOREDVALASEKETAL7PRESENTEDTHEARCHITECTUREOFTHECOLINSYSTEMWHICHISDEVELOPEDFORMOTORVEHICLEDESIGNTHEDESIGNPROBLEMISREPRESENTEDBYANETWORKOFBASICDESIGNTASKSBDTSDIFFERENTBDTSAREACHIEVEDBYASPECIALSOFTWARETOOL,SUCHASAUTOCAD,MATLAB,EXCEL,SIMULINK,LISPETCABDTISINCLUDEDINTHETASKNETWORKACCORDINGTOWHETHERITSKNOWLEDGEREQUIREMENTSARESATISFIEDTHEKNOWLEDGEMODELISEMPLOYEDFORTHEPROPOSEREVISECONTROLANDSELECTIONOFBDTS,BUTIMPLEMENTATIONOFASPECIFICDESIGNTASKISNOTWELLSUPPORTEDINTHEKNOWLEDGEBASEDAPPROACHWONGETAL1PROPOSEDFOURTYPESOFKNOWLEDGECELLS,IE,FUNCTIONCELL,SELECTIONCELL,GRAPHICSCELL,ANDLOGICCELLINTHEDEVELOPEDCOMPUTERAIDEDLOGICALDESIGNSYSTEMDIFFERENTOBJECTSENCAPSULATETHEPRODUCTFORM,DESIGNINFORMATION,PROCESS,MAIL,ANDSOONGORTIETAL11ALSOPRESENTEDAKNOWLEDGEREPRESENTATIONMODELINTHEIRSHAREDSYSTEMANDFIVEOBJECTSTODEFINEDESIGNPROCESS,NAMELYGOAL,PLAN,SPECIFICATION,DECISION,ANDCONTEXTTHERESEARCHPRESENTEDINTHISPAPERPROVIDESAMORENATURALWAYTOINTEGRATEKNOWLEDGEANDDESIGNTASKINTOTHEMCADSYSTEMAPROBLEMSOLVINGMETHODFORKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESINDESIGNTASKISALSODISCUSSEDINTHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONS3REPRESENTATIONFORDESIGNTASKMODELNORMALLY,THEBEGINNINGOFTHEDEVELOPMENTOFAPRODUCTMODELISANANALYSISOFRELEVANTPRODUCTSANDRELATEDDESIGNTASKSANDDESIGNERSNORMALLY,THEBEGINNINGOFTHEDEVELOPMENTOFAPRODUCTMODELISANANALYSISOFRELEVANTPRODUCTSANDRELATEDDESIGNTASKSANDDESIGNERSMOREOVER,THEKNOWLEDGEDRIVENMETHODOLOGYISGIVENWITHTHEASSOCIATIONBETWEENDESIGNOBJECTSANDKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESINTHECOGNITIVEVIEWPOINT,AGENERALDESIGNPROCESSISCONSIDEREDTOBECOMPOSEDOFSEVERALDESIGNTASKSWITHTHEPARTICIPATIONOFCOMPUTERANDHUMANDESIGNERSASILLUSTRATEDINFIG1TOFACILITATETHEDESIGNPROCESS,DESIGNTASKSSHOULDBEASAUTOMATEDASPOSSIBLEINTHISPAPERITISASSUMEDTHATDESIGNOBJECTSANDRELEVANTTASKCANBEPRIMARILYIDENTIFIEDFIG1AUTOMATIONOFDESIGNPROCESSTABLE1THEDESCRIPTIONOFDESIGNOBJECTINKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVE31DESIGNTASKINTHETASKANALYSISMETHOD,THETASKMODELHASBEENVIEWEDASSTRUCTUREDANALYSISTECHNIQUEORONEOFIMPLEMENTATIONMODELWHICHISABOUTHOWTOHERE,THETRADITIONALTASKANALYSISMETHODISALSOUSED,BUTTOMAKETHEDESIGNTASKMOREAUTONOMOUSANDDYNAMIC,DIFFERENTKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESANDSOMENECESSARYPROCESSINGMECHANISMANDAREBUILTINTOITWEPRESENTANEXELICITDESCRIPTIONSCHEMAFORTHEDESIGNTASKTID,NAME,INPUT,OUTPUT,SUB一TASK,KNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVE,GOAL,ACTIONIDUNIQUEIDENTIFIERFORTHEDESIGNTASKNAMENAMEOFTHETASKINPUT/OUTPUTREQUIREMENTSANDIDENTIFIEDDATAFLOWSUCHASTHEDESCRIPTIONOFDESIGNOBJECTANDDESIGNTASKFORCE,TORQUE,VELOCITY,MASS,LENGTH,VOLUME,ETCSUBTASKTOPDOWNANALYSISOFPROBLEMSOLVINGRESULTSINHIERARCHICALDECOMPOSITIONOFTHEWHOLETASKINTOSUBTASKSKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVETHEDOMAINKNOWLEDGEANDTHEKNOWLEDGEABOUTSTRATEGICCONTROL,FOREXAMPLETHEKNOWLEDGECONDUCTTHENEXTDESIGNTASKACCORDINGTOTHEPREVIOUSONEGOALGOALSAREDEFINEDABOUTWHATSHOULDBEDONEWITHINTHETASKTHEYAREUSUALLYSUBJECTTOCERTAINCONSTRAINTS,ANDCANBEREPRESENTEDBYKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVEEVERYDESIGNTASKHASATLEASTONEKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVEASITSGOALREQUIREDTOBEACHIEVEDACTIONTHEDESIGNTASKACTACCORDINGLYINRESPONSETOITSRESOLUTIONACTIONISCATEGORIZEDINTOTWOTYPESDEFAULTACTIONANDUSERDEFINEDACTIONDEFAULTACTIONDRIVETHEDESIGNOBJECTINTHEMCADSYSTEM,ANDUSERACTIONNEEDSHUMANINVOLVEMENT,FORINSTANCE,MODIFICATIONOFVALIDATIONCONDITIONTABLE1ILLUSTRATESTHEBENDINGSTRESSVALIDATIONOFTHEDESIGNTASKFORGEARDESIGNINBENDSTRESS_FEEDBACK,AFEEDBACKKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVE,OFTABLE1,ISUSEDTOCONTROLTHEDESIGNTASKBACKTOTHEPREVIOUSONESPECIFIEDINITSOMEOFTHEVARIABLESAREADDEDBYANITERATIVEVALUEBEFORETHECURRENTDESIGNTASKISCHANGEDTHISSCHEMAOFDESIGNTASKEXTENDSTHETRADITIONALTASKANALYSISMETHODOLOGYINTHREEWAYS1KNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESAREUSEDASCONSTRAINTSFORPROBLEMSOLVINGOFDESIGNTASK,WHICHMAKESTHEDESIGNTASKEXECUTABLEDIFFERENTTYPESOFKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESWORKFORTHEGOALSOFADESIGNTASK,THISCHARACTERISTICHASASIGNIFICANTIMPLICATIONONTHENOTIONOFTASKIMPLEMENTATION2KNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVECANALSOBEUSEDASAGUIDEOFTASKIMPLEMENTATIONORANADVISORFORHUMANINVOLVEMENTTHEREARENOTONLYTHEDESIGNOBJECTS,THEREARESEVERALSUCCESSFULDESIGNTASKSANDKNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVESINREPOSITORYCANBEREUSEDORCONSULTEDFORANEWPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTTHEREFORE,THEEFFICIENCYOFCOORDINATIONBETWEENDESIGNTASKSORCOOPERATIONBETWEENDESIGNTASKANDHUMANUSERSCOULDBEGREATLYIMPROVED3THEACTIONMECHANISMPROVIDESTHECAPABILITYFORDRIVINGTHEMCADSYSTEMAFTERTHESOLUTIONOFTHEDESIGNTASK32KNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVEMOSTOFCURRENTKNOWLEDGEBASEDDESIGNSYSTEMSPROVIDEINTERACTIVEMEANSTOINTEGRATEKNOWLEDGEWITHSPECIFICHIGHLEVELLANGUAGEHOWEVER,ANYLANGUAGESPECIALIZESINCOMPUTATIONBUTNOTREPRESENTINGKNOWLEDGEANDREASONINGFURTHERMORE,LEARNINGASPECIALLANGUAGE,CODINGANDMAINTENANCEISALSOALABORIOUSPROCESSTHEDESIGNERSHOULDCONCENTRATEHISEFFORTONTHEMAINFUNCTIONOFTHEARTIFACTWITHLEASTPROGRAMMINGLIKEANYFEATURESANDGEOMETRYPRIMITIVE,KNOWLEDGEPRIMITIVECANBEADDEDPIECEBYPIECEINMCADSYSTEMEVERYPIECEOFKNOWLEDGEISDESCRIBEDINAFAMILIARWAYFORDESIGNER,
