医学检验试题库（medical examination questions bank）

医学检验试题库（MEDICALEXAMINATIONQUESTIONSBANK）EXAMINATIONQUESTIONSOFMEDICALLABORATORYCOMPREHENSIVEEXAMINATIONQUESTIONS1TYPEA1PROBLEM1CAPILLARYBLOODSAMPLINGISCOMMONLYUSEDA,THEBACKOFTHEHANDB,ELBOWC,HEELD,FINGERE,EARLOBE2、THECOMMONLYUSEDPARTOFBLOODSAMPLINGFORHAIRCELLSOFINFANTSISA,THEBACKOFTHEHANDB,NECKC,HEELD,FINGERE,EARLOBE3WITHAUTOMATICHEMATOLOGYANALYZER,THEPREFERREDANTICOAGULANTISA,HEPARIN,B,EDTAK2,C,EDTANA2,D,OXALATE,E,SODIUMCITRATE4THEFOLLOWINGSUBSTANCESAREALKALINEPROTEINSA,DNA,B,RNA,CANDBASOPHILGRANULESD,DUBLEDCORPUSCLE,E,CYTOPLASMOFREDBLOODCELL5NORMALBLOODSMEAR,WHITEBLOODCELLCOUNT,EOSINOPHILSACCOUNTEDFORA,2040,B,24,C,510D,05,E,0556SMALLCELL,LOWPIGMENTEDANEMIAISMOSTCOMMONA,HAPTOGLOBIN,ANEMIA,B,IRONDEFICIENCYANEMIA,C,APLASTICANEMIAD,LEUKEMIA,E,ACUTEHEMOLYTICANEMIA7REDCELLSDIFFERINSIZE,MOSTCOMMONLYSEENINA,IRONDEFICIENCYANEMIA,B,MEGALOBLASTICANEMIA,C,ANDHEMORRHAGICANEMIAD,APLASTICANEMIA,E,ANDGLOBINPRODUCINGANEMIA8MEGALOBLASTICANEMIA,BLOODHEMOGLOBINDETERMINATIONANDREDBLOODCELLCOUNTCHANGEASFOLLOWSA,LOWERHEMOGLOBINREDBLOODCELLCOUNT,HEMOGLOBINB,DOWNDOWNDOWN,REDBLOODCELLCOUNTDOWNC,HEMOGLOBIN,REDBLOODCELLCOUNTDOWN,DOWN,DOWNDHEMOGLOBINREDBLOODCELLCOUNTDOWNDOWNDOWN,DOWNE,HEMOGLOBINDECREASE,REDBLOODCELLCOUNTDOWNDOWNLOWER,LOWERDOWNDOWN9DISEASESTHATARENOTSECONDARYTOHEMOGLOBINAREA,CHRONICPULMONARYHEARTDISEASE,B,PULMONARYHEARTDISEASE,C,POLYCYTHEMIAVERAD,E,SOMETUMORPATIENTSWITHCYANOTICCONGENITALHEARTDISEASEWETHINKITISPOSSIBLETHATTHE10CAPORINGA,NUCLEARRESIDUE,B,LIPOPROTEINDEGENERATION,C,PIGMENTATIOND,HEMOGLOBINAGGREGATION,E,ABNORMALCYTOPLASMICDEVELOPMENT11BLOODSMEARSCOUNT100WHITEBLOODCELLS,SEE25NUCLEATEDREDBLOODCELLS,ANDTHEWBCCOUNTIS10109/L,THENTHETRUEVALUEOFTHEWHITEBLOODCOUNTISA,4X109/L,B,8109/LC,10109/LD,125X109/L,E,15109/L12CALIBRATIONOF20ULHEMOGLOBINPIPETTEWITHMERCURYWEIGHINGMETHOD,EMPTYCUPWEIGHING21320G,CARRYINGMERCURYCUPWEIGHING21600G,ROOMTEMPERATURE20DEGC,MERCURYDENSITY135457,THENSTRAWA,CANCONTINUETOUSEB,CANNOTCONTINUETOUSEC,DOESNOTAFFECTTHEEXPERIMENTALRESULTSD,IFTHEREISNOOTHERSTRAW,CANCONTINUETOUSEEFORTHETIMEBEING,CANNOTJUDGEWHETHERTOCONTINUETOUSE13WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISTRUEABOUTTHEREDCELLMEANTHEMEANVALUESOFAANDRBCWERENORMAL,INDICATINGNOCHANGEINERYTHROCYTEMORPHOLOGYALTHOUGHBANDANEMIAPATIENTSHAVEOBVIOUSREDBLOODCELLABNORMALITIES,THEIRAVERAGEVALUESCANBEWITHINTHENORMALRANGEC,MCVISLESSTHANNORMAL,MCHISLESSTHANNORMAL,ANDITSMCHCMUSTBELESSTHANNORMALD,MCVISGREATERTHANNORMAL,MCHISGREATERTHANNORMAL,ANDITSMCHCMUSTBEGREATERTHANNORMALTHEREISNOCONNECTIONBETWEENTHETHREEE,MCV,MCHANDMCHC14USINGMILLERENDOSCOPICPLATEMETHODOFRETICULOCYTECOUNT,SUCHASTHETOTALNUMBEROFREDBLOODCELLCOUNTOF10SMALLSQUARESINTHEFIELDFOR12,WHILECOUNTINGLARGESQUARESINRETICULOCYTECOUNTSFOR16,WHILETHERETICULOCYTESHOULDBEREPORTEDASA,0010B,0013C,0014D,0015,E,001615THESIZEOFEACHSQUAREBOXINTHELARGESQUAREOFTHEFOURCORNERSOFTHECELLCOUNTA,0006,25UL,B,0062,5UL,C,0004ULD,004UL,E,01UL16CYANIDEMETHEMOGLOBINASSAYWHICHHEMOGLOBINCANNOTBECONVERTEDINTOMETHEMOGLOBINA,HBO2,B,HBRED,C,SHBD,HBCO,E,HBS17THEINCREASEOFPOLYCHROMATICERYTHROCYTESINTHEBLOODSMEARINDICATESTHEHEMATOPOIETICFUNCTIONOFTHEBONEMARROWA,NORMALB,EXUBERANTCANDMALIGNANTCHANGED,LOWE,SEVERELOW18WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGINDICATORSARENOTINCLUDEDINTHEPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONOFHEMATOLOGYANALYZERSBYICSHA,PRECISION,B,COMPARABILITY,C,SENSITIVITYD,ACCURACY,E,CROSSDYEINGRATENINETEENWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGMATERIALISRECOGNIZEDASTHEMOSTPOWERFULERYTHROPOIETINROULEAUFORMATIONMATERIALA,ALBUMIN,B,FIBRINOGEN,C,GAMMAGLOBULIND,BETAGLOBULIN,E,CHOLESTEROL20,THEBESTINDEXTOEVALUATERETICULOCYTECOUNTISA,RETICULOCYTERELATIVEVALUEB,RETICULOCYTEABSOLUTEVALUECANDRETICULOCYTECORRECTEDVALUED,RETICULOCYTEINDEXEANDREDBLOODCELLCOUNT21THEREFERENCEMETHODDETERMINEDBYICSHFORTHEDETERMINATIONOFHCTISA,AUTOMATICBLOODCELLANALYZER,B,COLORIMETRICMETHOD,CANDSPECIFICGRAVITYMETHODD,HIGHSPEEDCAPILLARYCENTRIFUGATION,EANDRADIONUCLIDEMETHOD22REDCELLDISTRIBUTIONWIDTHRDWCANBEUSEDFORESTIMATIONA,REDCELLCOUNT,B,HCT,C,HEMOGLOBINCONCENTRATIOND,HEMOGLOBINVOLUME,E,ANDERYTHROCYTEVOLUMEHETEROGENEITY23WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISDIRECTLYPROPORTIONALTOTHEPULSERATEINANIMPEDANCEANALYZERA,CELLMOVEMENTRATE,B,CELLNUMBER,C,CELLSIZED,E,CELLCONCENTRATIONWHETHERNUCLEARCELL24THEREDBLOODCELLHISTOGRAMSHOWSTHATTHECRESTOFTHECURVEISSHIFTEDLEFTANDTHEBOTTOMOFTHEPEAKNARROWSA,IRONDEFICIENCYANEMIA,B,SMALLCELLHOMOGENEOUSANEMIA,C,ANDIRONDEFICIENCYANEMIAD,POLYCYTHEMIA,E,MEGALOBLASTICANEMIA25,THEFOLLOWINGERRONEOUSVIEWSREGARDINGINSTRUMENTALCLASSIFICATIONOFLEUKOCYTESAREAANDDOMESTICINSTRUMENTSMAINLYUSETHERESISTANCEMETHODB,THEACCURACYISDEFINITELYHIGHERTHANTHEMANUALMETHODC,ANDTHEWHITECELLCANBECLASSIFIEDTHESIZEOFWHITEBLOODCELLSAFTERDANDHEMOLYSISTREATMENTDOESNOTCOMPLETELYREFLECTTHETRUEVOLUMEOFE,ANDTHEINSTRUMENTMETHODCANNOTCOMPLETELYREPLACETHEMICROSCOPICEXAMINATION26,INORDERTOSOLVETHEPLUGGINGPHENOMENONOFBLOODANALYZER,THETECHNIQUEADOPTEDISA,THREECOUNT,VOTEB,THERMISTORC,SWEEPINGTECHNOLOGYD,E,AFLOATINGCOMBUSTIONRESISTANCETHE27FACTORISTHEACTIVATIONOFKAOLINA,I,B,C,X2D,EIII,XII28CLOTRETRACTIONISPRIMARILYUSEDTODETECTTHEFUNCTIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGSUBSTANCESA,VASCULARB,PLASMACELLC,PLATELETSD,E,FACTORVIIITHROMBIN29PLATELETSPLAYAMAJORROLEINTHECOAGULATIONPROCESSA,ACTIVATECOAGULATIONPROCESS,B,ACTIVATIONFACTORIII,C,ANDPROVIDETHEPLACEFORCOAGULATIONREACTIOND,ASATISSUEFACTOR,ISINVOLVEDINTHEEXTERNALCOAGULATIONSYSTEME,ANDFACTORXIICONTACT,PARTICIPATEINTHEENDOGENOUSCOAGULATIONSYSTEM30OFTHEDISEASESCHARACTERIZEDBYNORMALPLATELETCOUNTANDPROLONGEDBTAREA,APLASTICANEMIA,B,BETALIPOPROTEINDEFICIENCY,C,ANDVONWILLEBRANDDISEASED,LEUKEMIA,E,HEMOPHILIA31THEAVERAGELIFESPANOFNORMALPLATELETSISA,1D,B,2D,C,7DD,21D,E,120DTHEMOSTSENSITIVEMETHODFORTHEDETERMINATIONOF32CTISA,GLASSB,COMMONTUBEMETHOD,CANDCAPILLARYMETHODD,SILICONTUBEMETHOD,EANDACTIVATEDCLOTTINGTIMEMETHOD33THEMOSTCOMMONSCREENINGTESTCURRENTLYEXAMININGWHETHERTHEENDOGENOUSCOAGULATIONSYSTEMISNORMALISA,PT,B,APTT,C,CTD,RT,E,BT34THROMBOSISANDHEMOSTASISCOMMONLYUSEDINSCREENINGTESTSAREAMONGTHEINVIVOTRIALSA,BT,B,CRT,C,PTD,CT,E,KPTT35URINEROUTINEANALYSISOFOUTPATIENTS,WHICHURINESPECIMENSAREUSUALLYUSEDA,MORNINGURINE,B,RANDOMURINE,C,CLEANURINED,3HURINE,E,24HURINE36HOWMANYIGMMOLECULESAREINVOLVEDINREDBLOODCELLSMAYACTIVATETHECOMPLEMENTA,1B,ABOUT10C,ABOUT100D,ABOUT1000E,ABOUT1000037,THEBLOODAFTERULTRAVIOLETIRRADIATIONCANREDUCETHEIMMUNOGENICITYOFWHITEBLOODCELLS,THISISBECAUSEADESTROYSTHECLASSIANTIGENB,DESTROYSCLASSIIANTIGENC,ANDDESTROYSCELLACTIVITYWITHCLASSIANTIGENSD,WHICHDESTROYEDTHECELLACTIVITYOFCLASSIIANTIGEN,EANDABOVELEVEL38100CLEANROOMREQUIREMENTSAREA,15DUST/L,2SEDIMENTATIONBACTERIA/M3,B,35DUST/L,1SUBSIDENCEBACTERIA/M3C,95DUST/L,7SEDIMENTATIONBACTERIA/M3,D,500DUST/L,4SUBSIDENCEBACTERIA/M3E,50DUST/L,3SUBSIDENCEBACTERIA/M339RHINDIVIDUALSACCOUNTFORABOUT15OFTHEWHITEPOPULATION,ACCOUNTINGFORABOUTHALFOFTHEHANPOPULATIONA,00101,B,0102,C,0205D,051,E,1240FORPATIENTSWITHACUTEMASSIVEHEMORRHAGE,THESALVAGETREATMENTSHOULDBETHEFIRSTA,PREVENTACUTERENALFAILURE,B,IMMEDIATELYEXCHANGEBLOODTRANSFUSION,C,PREVENTIONANDTREATMENTOFDICDMAINTAINBLOODVOLUMEOFEANDMAINTAINCOAGULATIONFACTORNORMAL41OFPATIENTSAREMAINLYCAUSEDBYANTIGENANTIBODYREACTIONSLEADINGTOINTRAVASCULARHEMOLYSISTHEROLEOFA,MACROPHAGES,THEACTIONOFB,CA2ANDMG2,THEACTIONOFCANDTCELLSTHEROLEOFD,PLATELETS,E,COMPLEMENTACTION42CHRONICBLOODTRANSFUSIONREACTIONSCAUSEDBYREDBLOODCELLIMMUNEANTIBODIESOFTENCAUSEEXTRAVASCULARHEMOLYSIS,INWHICHEXTRAVASCULARISTHEMAININDICATIONA,INTERSTITIALB,SPLEENC,LIVERD,LYMPHATICSYSTEM,E,KIDNEY43TODATE,THEINTERNATIONALCOMMUNITYRECOGNIZEDTHEREDBLOODCELLANTIGENAPPROXIMATELYA,MORETHAN20KINDSOFB,MORETHAN100KINDSOFC,MORETHAN400KINDSD,MORETHAN300KINDS,E,MORETHAN500KINDS44UNTILNOW,THEINTERNATIONALCOMMUNITYRECOGNIZEDTHEPRESENCEOFHLAANTIGENSA,MORETHAN20KINDSOFB,MORETHAN100KINDSOFC,MORETHAN200KINDSD,MORETHAN300KINDS,E,MORETHAN500KINDSWHATKINDOFCELLPROLIFERATIONISTHECAUSEOF45GVHDA,MACROPHAGES,B,NEUTROPHILS,C,ANDALLGRANULOCYTESD,BCELLS,EANDTCELLS46INORDERTOAVOIDCOMPLEMENTSENSITIZATIONINVITRO,THECA2INTHEBLOODSAMPLEMUSTBEKEPTATAVERYLOWLEVELWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGANTICOAGULANTSCANDOTHISA,ACD,B,CPD,C,POTASSIUMOXALATED,HEPARIN,E,EDTA47,TOUNDERSTANDWHETHERORNOTPLATELETDAMAGEACCELERATEDAFTERTRANSFUSION,THEGENERALCLINICALCHOICEOFTHETWOTESTTIMEISAFTERTRANSFUSIONA,1H,24H,B,1H,12H,C,2H,12HD,2H,72H,E,2H,48H48NEONATALJAUNDICEAFTERBIRTHISAGGRAVATEDBECAUSEA,AFTERBIRTHBEGANTOATTACK,B,FETALJAUNDICEAFTERBIRTHCANNOTHANDLETHEIROWN,CANDRHANTIGENBEGANTOMATUREGRADUALLYAFTERBIRTH,DANDABOANTIGENBEGANTOMATUREGRADUALLYAFTERBIRTHTHEPHYSIOLOGICALFUNCTIONOFEINNEONATESTREATEDWITHBILIRUBINISNOTPERFECT49,“MOSTARESMALLCLOTS,ASMALLAMOUNTOFBIGCLOTS,BOTTOMLIQUIDCLEAR“THISHEMAGGLUTINATIONREACTIONRESULTSSHOULDBEJUDGEDASA,B,C,D,E,/50WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCONDITIONSCANTOLERATEALOWERHEMOGLOBINLEVELA,IMPAIREDHEARTFUNCTION,B,IMPAIREDLUNGFUNCTION,C,ANDCHRONICANEMIAINPATIENTSD,MALEPATIENTSWITHE,CARDIOVASCULARANDCEREBROVASCULARDISEASES51WHENSHOULDTHEBLOODPRESSURE,PULSEANDOTHERPHYSIOLOGICALINDEXES,RATHERTHANHEMOGLOBINLEVELS,BEREGARDEDASTHEMAINBASISFORBLOODTRANSFUSIONA,NEONATALB,ACUTEBLOODLOSS,C,ANDHEMOLYTICANEMIAD,EANDSEVEREANEMIAUNDERANESTHESIA52,1UNITS200MLOFWHOLEBLOODORREDBLOODCELLSPREPAREDBYITCANRAISETHEAVERAGEADULTHEMOGLOBINA,1G/L,B,23G/L,C,45G/LD,67G/L,E,810G/L53ITISGENERALLYACCEPTEDTHATBLOODTRANSFUSIONSDONOTEXCEEDANYOFTHEFOLLOWINGPERCENTAGESA,5B,10C,15D,20,E,30THERESULTSOF54CYTOTOXICREACTIONSARECOMPLEXANDNEEDTOBEANALYZEDTODETERMINEHLASPECIFICITY,BECAUSEAANDHLAANTIBODIESAREGENERALLYWEAK,ANDTHEREISALINKAGEDISEQUILIBRIUMBETWEENBANDHLASYSTEMSALARGENUMBEROFCROSSREACTIVITYINCANDHLASYSTEMS,DANDHLAANTIBODIES,AREMIXEDANTIBODIESE,THEREPRODUCIBILITYOFTHETESTISPOOR55INTHEPLATELETSEPSAMETHOD,IFTHECELLSARESHOWNINABUTTONLIKEMANNERANDCONCENTRATEDATTHECENTEROFTHEORIFICEOFTHEMICROTITERPLATE,ITCANBEDETERMINEDTOBEA,B,C,D,NEGATIVEE,TESTFAILED56BEFORETHEBLEEDING,PLATELETS150X109/L,TOMAINTAINCOAGULATIONFUNCTION,THEPLATELETCOUNTSHOULDREACHATLEASTBEFOREBLEEDINGA,5B,10C,15D,20,E,3057USUALLY,THEINDICATIONFORASALVAGETRANSFUSIONOFPLATELETSISBELOWTHEPLATELETCOUNTA,600X109/L,B,200109/LC,100109/LD,60X109/L,E,20109/L58AFTERTHETRANSFUSIONOFWHOLEBLOODVOLUME,THEPLATELETCOUNTOFTHEPATIENTCANSTILLBEMAINTAINEDATABOUT35,MAINLYBECAUSEASTILLHASAPARTOFITSOWNBLOODBANDPLATELETS,WHICHCANRAPIDLYPROLIFERATECANDRELEASEPLATELETSINVIVOD,PLATELETSINTHEINPUTBLOODE,PLATELETSARENOTEASYTODISAPPEARWITHTHEBLOOD59THEHLALOCUSCOULDBEDETECTEDBYSEROLOGICALTYPINGAA,B,C,B,DR,DQ,C,DR,DPDA,B,D,E,A,B60CELLTYPINGREVEALEDTHATHLALOCIWEREAVAILABLEAA,B,C,B,DR,DP,C,DPDA,B,DP,E,A,BTHEMOSTACCURATEANDDIRECTMETHODOF61GENETYPINGISA,PCRSSP,B,PCRSBT,C,PCRSSOD,PCRRFLP,E,PCRSSCP62OFTHEPATIENTSHADNOAPPARENTINFECTIONORBLEEDINGSYMPTOMS,BUTTHETRANSFUSIONOFPLATELETSWASINEFFECTIVE,PROBABLYBECAUSEOFTHEPATIENTA,PLATELETAUTOANTIBODYB,PRESENCEOFPLATELETISOTYPEANTIBODYC,PRESENCEOFHLAAUTOANTIBODIESD,THEPRESENCEOFHLAISOTYPEANTIBODIESEANDABOVEMAYBEPOSSIBLE63INORDERTOEFFECTIVELYPLATELETTRANSFUSIONS,PATIENTSSHOULDBETRANSFUSEDA,LEUKOCYTE,PLATELET,B,APHERESISPLATELETS,CANDHLAISOTYPEPLATELETSDANDMATCHEDPLATELETSEANDABOVEAREALLCORRECT64THEFOLLOWINGANTIGENSAREPRESENTONLYONPLATELETSA,D/DR,B,M,C,YUKBD,LUA,E,A2M65,THEPRINCIPLEOFANTICOAGULANTACTIONOFANTICOAGULATIONSOLUTIONACDISMAINLYTHECOMBINATIONOFREAGENTSA,FIBRINOGEN,B,MG2,C,COMPLEMENTD,FE3,E,CA266,“A“INANTICOAGULATIONSOLUTIONCPDASTANDSFORA,ADDEDAMMONIUM,B,AFORMULA,C,ANDADDEDINOSINED,ADDEDE,ADDINGHYPOXANTHINEADENINE67DETERMINEWHICHSUBSTANCESINTHEFOLLOWINGREDCELLSDETERMINETHEREDBLOODCELLSTATEINTHEPRESERVEA,B,3DIHYDROXYACETONE1,GLYCEROLTWOPHOSPHATEC,13D,23,TWOE,23GLYCEROLPHOSPHATE,DPG68HOWLONGDOESBLOODTYPEANTIBODYAPPEARAFTERTRANSFUSIONA,1224H,B,15D,C,15WEEKSD,10DTOMONTHS,E,MONTHSTOYEARS69WHICHTYPEOFIMMUNOGLOBULINISTHEBLOODTYPEANTIBODYPRODUCEDBYTRANSFUSIONA,IGA,B,IGD,C,IGED,IGG,E,IGM70THEPEAKTIMEOFANTIBODYPRODUCTIONAFTERTRANSFUSIONISTHEPEAKTIMEA,1224H,B,15D,C,15WEEKSD,10DTOMONTHS,E,MONTHSTOYEARS71WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCLINICALSYMPTOMSDOESNOTBELONGTOBLOODCIRCULATIONOVERLOADAFTERTRANSFUSIONA,CONVULSIONS,B,SEVEREHEADACHE,C,CHESTTIGHTNESSD,E,WHOLEBODYEDEMA,CYANOSIS72,BLOODTRANSFUSIONCAUSEDBYCITRICACIDPOISONINGISOFTENASSOCIATEDWITHWHATKINDOFDISEASEPATIENTSA,HEARTDISEASE,B,LUNGDISEASE,C,LIVERDISEASED,NEPHROPATHY,E,SPLEENDISEASES73POTASSIUMPOISONINGISCLOSELYRELATEDTOTHEBLOODTRANSFUSIONA,ALARGENUMBEROFBLOODTRANSFUSION,B,RAPIDTRANSFUSION,C,COLDWARD,EANDBLOODTRANSFUSION74HOWMUCHAIRISINJECTEDINTOTHEVEINCANKILLADULTSA,1ML,B,3ML,C,10MLD,30ML,E,100ML75THEMOSTABUNDANTIGGSUBCLASSINHUMANSERUMISA,IGG1,B,IGG2,C,IGG3D,IGG4,E,IGG1,IGG2THE76MOSTCLOSELYRELATEDSUBCLASSOFIGGISHEMOLYSISA,IGG1,IGG2,B,IGG1,IGG3,C,IGG3,IGG4D,IGG2,IGG3,E,IGG2,IGG477,THECLASSICSUBCLASSOFIGGTHATISDIFFICULTTOCOMBINEWITHCLASSICALPATHWAYSISA,IGG1,B,IGG2,C,IGG3D,IGG4,E,ORMOREARENOTTHEORDERINWHICHTHE78IGGSUBCLASSBINDSTHECOMPLEMENTISA,IGG1IGG2IGG3IGG4,B,IGG1IGG3IGG2IGG4,C,IGG2IGG4IGG3IGG1D,IGG3IGG1IGG2IGG4,E,IGG2IGG4IGG3IGG179THESMALLESTDISTANCEINWHICHTHEANTIBODYSENSITIZEDREDBLOODCELLSAREKEPTBYSTATICELECTRICITYDUETOELECTROSTATICPRECIPITATIONA,5NM,B,10NM,C,15NMD,20NM,E,25NMITISDIFFICULTFOR80IGGANTIBODIESTOAGGLUTINATEDIRECTLYWITHERYTHROCYTESBECAUSEAANDIGGANTIBODYAFFINITYISNOTENOUGH,BANDIGGANTIBODYMOLECULESARETOOSMALL,CANDIGGANTIBODYMOLECULESCANNOTCONNECTTWOCELLSSIMULTANEOUSLY,DANDIGGANTIBODYMOLECULESTENDTOBETOOSMALLEORABOVEAREALLWRONG81ENZYMETREATMENTCANCAUSEAGGLUTINATIONOFREDBLOODCELLSSENSITIZEDBYIGG,BECAUSETHEENZYMECANABRIDGESBBETWEENTHEREDCELLMEMBRANEANDBRIDGESCBETWEENTHESENSITIZINGANTIBODIESANDWEAKENSTHEREDCELLSURFACECHARGED,ALTEREDTHESTRUCTUREOFSENSITIZINGANTIBODIES,E,ANDSIALICACIDMOLECULESONTHESURFACEOFMODIFIEDERYTHROCYTES82ITISGENERALLYBELIEVEDTHATTHEFOLLOWINGMOSTACCURATEANDRELIABLEMETHODOFREDCELLAGGLUTINATIONISA,ENZYME,B,ALBUMIN,C,ANTIGLOBULIND,CONDENSATIONAMINEMETHOD,EANDABSORPTIONEMISSIONMETHOD83ABOUTDIABETICSURINETEST,THECORRECTDESCRIPTIONISA,LIKETHEAPPEARANCEOFCOLORLESSURINE,OFTENINCREASE,HIGHCONCENTRATION,QUALITATIVEURINETESTPOSITIVEB,LIKETHEAPPEARANCEOFCOLORLESSURINE,OFTENINCREASE,LOWCONCENTRATION,QUALITATIVEURINETESTNEGATIVEC,LIKETHEAPPEARANCEOFCOLORLESSURINE,OFTENINCREASE,LOWCONCENTRATION,QUALITATIVEURINETESTPOSITIVED,LIKETHEAPPEARANCEOFWHITEURINE,OFTENINCREASE,HIGHCONCENTRATION,QUALITATIVEURINETESTPOSITIVEE,LIKETHEAPPEARANCEOFWHITEURINE,OFTENINCREASE,LOWCONCENTRATION,QUALITATIVEURINETESTNEGATIVE84THEBESTWAYTORECOMMENDROUTINEURINESAMPLESISTOA,ADDFORMALDEHYDEB,ADDETHANOLC,ADDTHYMOLD,BORICACIDE,COLDSTORAGE85HOWLONGDOESTHEURINEROUTINEANALYZERHAVETOBECOMPLETEDA,2H,B,6H,C,8HD,12H,E,24H86WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGDISEASES,BLOODGLUCOSEANDURINEGLUCOSEATTHESAMETIMEA,CHRONICGLOMERULONEPHRITIS,B,NEPHROTICSYNDROME,C,HYPERTHYROIDISMD,FANCONISYNDROME,CONGENITALRENALDIABETES,EGLYCOSURIACLASS87SMETHOD,ADDINGTHEREAGENTANDURINEVOLUMERATIOA,101,B,110,C,11D,15,E,5188WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGDAILYURINEPROTEINEXCRETIONISOFTENGREATERTHAN3GA,ORTHOSTATICPROTEINURIA,B,NEPHROTICSYNDROME,C,ANDEXERCISEINDUCEDPROTEINURIAD,PYELONEPHRITIS,E,BURNS89OFPATIE