语言学历年试题``

本资料来自英语自考网HTTP/WWWABSEENET英语自考网WWWABSEENET以优质资料及高效的访问速度，为大家提供最新自考信息，祝愿大家早日毕业浙江省2003年1月高等教育自学考试一、单项选择题在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。每小题2分，共20分1_ISNOTADESIGNFEATUREOFHUMANLANGUAGEACULTURALTRANSMISSIONBDISPLACEMENTCDUALITYOFSTRUCTUREDPRESCRIPTIVISM2VIBRATIONOFTHEVOCALCORDSRESULTSIN_AASPIRATIONBNASALITYCOBSTRUCTIONDVOICING3THEWORD“SIMPLIFICATIONS”HAS_MORPHEMESINITA2B3C4D54“WEVOWEDTOFIGHTONUNTILALLOURDEMANDSWEREMET”ISASENTENCEACOORDINATEBCOMPLEXCCOMPOUNDDSIMPLE5THERELATIONSHIPBETWEEN“FRUIT”AND“APPLE”IS_AHOMONYMYBHYPONYMYCPOLYSEMYDSYNONYMY6“INTERVIEWER”AND“INTERVIEWEE”AREAPAIROF_OPPOSITESACOMPLEMENTARYBGRADABLECCOMPLETEDRELATIONAL7THEMAXIMOF_REQUIRESTHATAPARTICIPANTSCONTRIBUTIONBERELEVANTTOTHECONVERSATIONAQUANTITYBQUALITYCRELATIONDMANNER8THEREGULARCONSONANTCHANGESFOUNDAMONGCOGNATESINTHEGERMANICLANGUAGESWEREKNOWNAS_LAWABOPPSBGRIMMSCJONESDRASKS本资料来自英语自考网HTTP/WWWABSEENET英语自考网WWWABSEENET以优质资料及高效的访问速度，为大家提供最新自考信息，祝愿大家早日毕业9WHENA_COMESTOBEADOPTEDBYAPOPULATIONASITSPRIMARYLANGUAGEANDCHILDRENLEARNITASTHEIRFIRSTLANGUAGE,ITBECOMESACREOLEPIDGINBPIDGINCREOLECREGIONALDIALECTLINGUAFRANCADLINGUAFRANCAREGIONALDIALECT10ACHILDWHOKNOWSTHEGENERALPLURALFORMMAYAPPLYTHERULETOIRREGULARNOUNSANDPRODUCE“FOOTS”THISISCALLED_AASSIMILATIONBTRANSFERCOVERGENERALIZATIONDUNDEREXTENSION二、填空题在下列空格中填上以给出字母开始的恰当的单词。每空1分，共16分1INFDESAUSSURESDICHOTOMY,LANGUE_REFERSTOTHEABSTRACTLINGUISTICSYSTEMSHAREDBYALLTHEMEMBERSOFASPEECHCOMMUNITYPAROLISITSREALIZATIONINACTUALUSE2LANGUAGEISASYSTEMOFARBITRARY_VOCALSYMBOLSFORHUMANCOMMUNICATION3MORPHOLOGYSTUDIESHOWWORDSAREFORMED,WHILESYNTAXSTUDIESHOWWORDSARECOMBINEDTOFORMSENTENCES4INTHESTUDYOFMEANING,SENSE_意义_ISONLYCONCERNEDWITHRELATIONSBETWEENLINGUISTICELEMENTSREFERENCE_指陈_DEALSWITHTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHELINGUISTICELEMENTANDNONLINGUISTICWORLDOFEXPERIENCE5CONVERSATIONALIMPLICATURE会话含义_MAYARISEASARESULTOFASPEAKERSVIOLATIONOFTHECOOPERATIONALPRINCIPLE6SOCIOLECT社会方言_AREVARIETIESOFLANGUAGESUSEDBYPEOPLEBELONGINGTOPARTICULARSOCIALCLASSESETHNIC_种族方言DIALECTISSPOKENMAINLYBYALESSPRIVILEGEDSOCIALCLASSIDIOLECT个人方言ISAPERSONALDIALECT7INTHESECONDLANGUAGEACQUISITION,THEREISSUPPOSEDTOBEACRITICAL临界假说PERIOD,WHICHLASTSFROMAGETWOTOPUBERTY本资料来自英语自考网HTTP/WWWABSEENET英语自考网WWWABSEENET以优质资料及高效的访问速度，为大家提供最新自考信息，祝愿大家早日毕业8THELOCALIZATIONOFCOGNITIVEANDPERCEPTUALFUNCTIONINAPARTICULARHEMISPHEREOFTHEBRAINISCALLEDLEFTHEMISPHERE_左脑_9ALEARNERHASINSTRUMENTAL工具性动机_MOTIVATIONWHENHELEARNSASECONDLANGUAGEINORDERTOUSEITFUNCTIONALLY,WHILEINTEGRATIVE_综合性动机_MOTIVATIONOCCURSWHENTHELEARNERSGOALISSOCIAL10INTERLANGUAGE中介语_ISANAPPROXIMATELANGUAGESYSTEMTHATASECONDLANGUAGELEARNERCONSTRUCTS,WHICHREPRESENTSTHELEARNERSTRANSITIONALCOMPETENCEINTHETARGETLANGUAGE三、判断改错题判断下列各小题，正确的在题后括号内打“T”，错的打“F”，并改正。每小题2分，共20分。1SYNCHRONICSTUDYDESCRIBESLANGUAGEASITCHANGESTHROUGHTIMEFSYNCHRONICSTUDYDESCRIBELANGUAGEATSOMEPOINTOFTIMEINHISTORY2MONOSYLLABIC单音节的WORDSCANALSOHAVEWORDSTRESST3ALLAFFIXESAREBOUNDMORPHEMESF4“HESAWACHILD”ENTAILS“HESAWAGIRL”F“HESAWAGIRL”ENTAILS“HESAWACHILD”5INPRAGMATICS,UTTERANCEMEANINGISCONCRETEANDCONTEXTINDEPENDENTFINPRAGMATICS,UTTERANCEMEANINGISCONCRETEANDCONTEXTDEPENDENT依赖语境的6ONLYSOCIOLOGICALFACTORSCONTRIBUTETOLANGUAGECHANGEF7THEWORDUNISANABBREVIATION,WHILETVISANACRONYM8EUPHEMISMSMAYSERVEASSUBSTITUTESFORTABOOWORDS9THESTRONGVERSIONOFTHESAPIRWHORFHYPOTHESISPROPOSESTHATLANGUAGEDETERMINETHOUGHT10INTERFERENCEFROMONESFIRSTLANGUAGEMAYOCCURATALLLEVELSOFGRAMMAR本资料来自英语自考网HTTP/WWWABSEENET英语自考网WWWABSEENET以优质资料及高效的访问速度，为大家提供最新自考信息，祝愿大家早日毕业四、名词解释并至少举一例加以说明。每小题4分，共24分1DERIVATIONALMORPHEME2STYLISTICSYNONYMS3ILLOCUTIONARYACT4BLENDING5STANDARDLANGUAGE6TELEGRAPHICSPEECH五、论述题（每小题10分，共20分）1TELLTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENPHONE,PHONEMEANDALLOPHONE2FOREACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGTWOSENTENCES,DRAWATREEDIAGRAMOFITSUNDERLYINGSTRUCTURETHATWILLREVEALTHEDIFFERENCEINTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENJOHNANDPLEASE1JOHNISEAGERTOPLEASE2JOHNISEASYTOPLEASE全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试IDIRECTIONSREADEACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSCAREFULLYDECIDEWHICHONEOFTHEFOURCHOICESBESTCOMPLETESTHESTATEMENTANDPUTTHELETTERA,B,CORDINTHEBRACKETS210201LINGUISTICSISTHESCIENTIFICSTUDYOF_AAPARTICULARLANGUAGEBTHEENGLISHLANGUAGECHUMANLANGUAGESINGENERALDTHESYSTEMOFAPARTICULARLANGUAGE2THECONSONANTFINENGLISHCANBECORRECTLYDESCRIBEDASHAVINGTHEFOLLOWINGPHONETICFEATURES_AVOICELESS,BILABIAL,STOPBVOICELESS,LABIODENTAL,FRICATIVECVOICED,BILABIAL,STOPDVOICED,LABIODENTAL,FRICATIVE3THEREAREDIFFERENTTYPESOFAFFIXESORMORPHEMESTHEAFFIX“ED”INTHEWORD“LEARNED”ISKNOWNASAN_ADERIVATIONALMORPHEMEBFREEMORPHEMECINFLECTIONALMORPHEMED本资料来自英语自考网HTTP/WWWABSEENET英语自考网WWWABSEENET以优质资料及高效的访问速度，为大家提供最新自考信息，祝愿大家早日毕业FREEFORM4INTHEPHRASESTRUCTURERULE“SNPVP”,THEARROWCANBEREADAS_AISEQUALTOBCONSISTSOFCHASDGENERATES5“IBOUGHTSOMEROSES”_“IBOUGHTSOMEFLOWERS”AENTAILSBPRESUPPOSESCISINCONSISTENTWITHDISSYNONYMOUSWITH6YSUTTERANCEINTHEFOLLOWINGCONVERSATIONEXCHANGEVIOLATESTHEMAXIMOF_XWHOWASTHATYOUWEREWITHLASTNIGHTYDIDYOUKNOWTHATYOUWEREWEARINGODDSOCKSAQUALITYBQUANTITYCRELATIONDMANNER7CHANGESINALANGUAGEARECHANGESINTHEGRAMMAROFTHESPEAKERSOFTHELANGUAGETHISMEANSTHATPHONEMES,_,WORDSANDGRAMMATICALRULESMAYBEBORROWED,ADDED,LOSTO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