现场总线智能氧量分析仪表的研究与设计

分类号学校代码10079密级华北电力大学硕士学位论文题目现场总线智能氧量分析仪表的研究与设计英文题目RESEARCHANDDESIGNOFINTELLIGENTOXYGENANALYZERBASEDONFIELDBUSTECHNOLOGY研究生姓名崔倩专业控制理论与控制工程研究方向仪表智能化技术导师姓名韩璞职称教授2007年12月15日声明本人郑重声明此处所提交的硕士学位论文现场总线智能氧量分析仪表的研究与设计，是本人在华北电力大学攻读硕士学位期间，在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取得的研究成果。据本人所知，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢之处外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得华北电力大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。学位论文作者签名日期关于学位论文使用授权的说明本人完全了解华北电力大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即学校有权保管、并向有关部门送交学位论文的原件与复印件；学校可以采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段复制并保存学位论文；学校可允许学位论文被查阅或借阅；学校可以学术交流为目的,复制赠送和交换学位论文；同意学校可以用不同方式在不同媒体上发表、传播学位论文的全部或部分内容。涉密的学位论文在解密后遵守此规定作者签名导师签名日期日期摘要本文在分析国内外氧化锆氧量分析仪表发展现状的基础上，综合应用新型微处理器、计算机软硬件及现场总线技术，开发了基于CAN总线的智能氧化锆氧量分析仪表。为增强系统开放性、可靠性和通讯功能，首次将CAN总线技术应用到氧化锆氧量分析仪表系统中。系统采用模块化设计方法，采用新型的单片机C8051F040作为系统中央控制器，使系统扩展的外围电路及接口电路数量少，系统的可靠性及稳定性提高，系统功能扩展及软硬件升级比较方便。与传统仪表相比，该智能仪表有许多突出特点。它具有自动测量、实时在线测量的能力，并可通过数据处理实现自动校准、数字滤波、智能处理等。仪表所特有的人机对话、数据通信、大容量存储等功能更是常规仪表无法比拟的。关键词现场总线、氧化锆氧量分析仪表、中央控制器、智能仪表ABSTRACTAFTERHAVINGANALYZEDTHEZRO2OXYGENANALYZERTECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENTSTATUSANDTREND,USINGNEWMCUANDCOMPUTERHARDWARETOENSURESAFETYINPRODUCTION,MEASURETHEOXYGENCONTENTOFTHEFLAMMABLE,EXPLOSIVEATMOSPHERERESEARCHONTHEPROCESSOFBIOLOGICALRESPIRATIONSUBMARINES,MINES,TUNNELSATMOSPHEREANDSOONALLNEEDOXYGENANALYZERCOMPAREDWITHOTHERTYPESOFEXISTINGOXYGENANALYZER,ZIRCONIAOXYGENANALYZERHASCHARACTERISTICS,SUCHASGOODPERFORMANCE,THEGASTEMPERATURE、COMPOSITION、CLEANLINESSREQUIREMENTSLOW,APPLICATIONRANGEZIRCONIAOXYGENANALYZERISTHEMOSTWIDELYUSEDONEOFTHEOXYGENANALYZERSZIRCONIAOXYGENANALYZERINSTRUMENTBASEDONTHEFIELDBUSINTHISPAPERISAHIGHSENSITIVITY,MEASUREMENTPRECISIONAPPLYTOTHESCENE,LIFELONGONLINEANALYZERITSRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTHASSIGNIFICANTCONSIDERABLEECONOMICANDSOCIALBENEFITS2GENERALDESIGNOFSYSTEM1SYSTEMOVERALLDESIGNTHEDESIGNINGOFTHEWHOLESYSTEMADOPTSMODULARSTRUCTUREITHASEIGHTMODULESLCDANDTOUCHPANEL,TEMPERATURECONTROLANDREGULATION,SYSTEMSETTING,DATAACQUISITION,SYSTEMCORRECTION,CALENDARCLOCK,HOSTCOMPUTERVIRTUALINSTRUMENT,BUSCOMMUNICATIONTHEINSTRUMENTUSESZIRCONIAOXYGENSENSOR,ONZIRCONIUMHEAD,SPONTANEOUSHEATINGTYPEOXYGENSENSORISCOMPOSEDOFHEATINGRESISTANCEFURNACEFIRST,MCUCOLLECTSTEMPERATUREBYTHEWAYOFTHERMOCOUPLE,ACCORDINGTOTHEACQUISITIONTEMPERATURE,RESISTANCEFURNACEHEATINGISCONTROLLEDBYTEMPERATURECONTROLCIRCUIT,KEEPINGZIRCONIUMHEADTEMPERATUREAT700CAEXPORTELECTRICPOTENTIALDIFFERENCEOFZIRCONIA,THROUGHAMPLIFIEDFILTERCIRCUIT,USINGA/DOFMCUTOCONVERTA/DANDSTORE,ANDTHENTHEDATAWILLBESENDTOLCDFORDISPLAY,BECAUSEMCUANDLCDARERESPECTIVELYSUPPLIEDBYINDIVIDUALPOWERSUPPLIES,WHICHIS33VAND5V,SOTHEINSTRUCTIONANDDATAOFLCDANDTOUCHPANELNEEDSTOPASSBYELECTRICALLEVELTRANSFERCIRCUIT,ANDTRANSMISSIONCORRECTAFTERTHEZIRCONIASENSORHASWORKEDFORACERTAINTERM,THESYSTEMNEEDSTOCALIBRATEITSELFCALIBRATIONCIRCUITISCONTROLLEDBYPROGRAMTIMING,COMPLETESCALIBRATIONFUNCTIONSYSTEMCLOCKANDTIMINGCALIBRATIONTIMETRIGGERINTERRUPTIONCONTROLISPROVIDEDBYCIRCUITTHISFIELDBUSINSTRUMENTREALIZESCONNECTIONANDCOMMUNICATIONOFCANBUSBYINTERNALINTEGRATIONBUSCONTROLLERANDCOMMUNICATIONCIRCUITCOMMUNICATIONPROTOCOLACCORDSWITHCAN20BC8051F040INTEGRATES12BITADCIRCUITANDCANBUSCONTROLLERWHICHACCORDSWITHCAN20BSTANDARDSTHENUMBEROFTHEEXTENDEDPERIPHERALCIRCUITSANDINTERFACECIRCUITSISLESSTHERELIABILITYANDSTABILITYOFTHESYSTEMISRELATIVELYHIGHTHEEXTENDEDFUNCTIONANDSOFTWAREHARDWAREUPGRADINGISCOMPARATIVELYCONVENIENCE2KEYTECHNOLOGIESANALYSISOFTHESYSTEM1SYSTEMSELFCHECKTHEC8051F040MCUWHICHWEUSEHASABUILTINTEMPERATURESENSORBUILTINTEMPERATURESENSORISAPPLIEDTOCHECKMCUANDINTERNALMEMORYOFITSELFGENERALLYSPEAKING,ENVIRONMENTTEMPERATUREWILLNOTHAVEGREATCHANGEINASHORTTIME,MOREOVER,AFTERTHESTABILITYOFTHESYSTEMISGUARANTEED,THEINTERNALTEMPERATUREISESSENTIALLYCONSTANTUSINGTHISCHARACTER,WHENTHESYSTEMRUNSSTABLY,WEMEASURETHETEMPERATUREOFTHECHIPREGULARLYWHENTHECHANGEOFTHETEMPERATUREISOVERACERTAINDOSE,WECANASSERTTHATTHESYSTEMHASAPPEAREDFAULTSONTHEHOSTCOMPUTER,ALARMINGINFORMATIONISCOMPLETEDANDCOLLECTINGDATAISDISCARDEDAUTOMATICALLY2ENHANCINGTHEACCURACYOFDATAACQUISITIONINOXYGENANALYZERINSTRUMENT,THETEMPERATUREWHICHISNEEDEDTOBEMEASUREDISSIGNALSONHIGHDYNAMICRANGEMINIMALCHANGESOFOXYGENPOTENTIALISMEASUREDBYHIGHRESOLUTIONTHEMEASUREMENTPRECISIONCANREACH16BITSMEASUREMENTRESOLUTIONBYONCHIP12BITSADCANDUSINGMETHODSOFOVERSAMPLINGANDAVERAGINGBYSOFTWAREMETHOD3THECORRECTIONOFTHESYSTEMTIMINGAUTOMATICCORRECTIONAIRAND5STANDARDGASCALIBRATION1STANDARDGASAND9STANDARDGAS,THECYCLECANBEFLEXIBLYSETTHROUGHTHEINSTRUMENTSETTINGS,REGULARTIMETOOPENTHEFOURWERESOLENOIDVALVETOCOMPLETETHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHEINSTRUMENTISTHEINSTRUMENTTHROUGHFOURFOURRELAYSTOCONTROLSOLENOIDVALVEACTIONACTIONSHOULDBEAPROCESS,WHENTHEINSTRUMENTTOSETTHETIMING,THEMETERRELAYMOVESTOOPENASOLENOIDVALVETOTHEATMOSPHERETHROUGHASTANDARDPROBEINTOTHETRACHEAPROBEMEASUREMENTS,THEINSTRUMENTSMEASUREDATTHEPOTENTIALOUTPUTISTHEZIRCONIAPROBETHEPOTENTIALATTHEEND,WHENTHEJUDGEMENTOFTHISINSTRUMENTPOTENTIALDYNAMICCHANGESOFLESSTHAN010MV/MIN,THEINSTRUMENTINSTANTLYRECORDTHEPOTENTIALTHISISTHEPOTENTIALOFTHEELECTRICPOTENTIALATTHEENDINSTRUMENTCALCULATIONSHOWSTHATTHEOXYGENMEASUREMENTSANDTHEPOTENTIALENDOFTHATVALUEDELAYED60SAFTERARELAYACTIONCLOSEDSOLENOIDVALVE1,2RELAYACTIONATTHESAMETIMEOPENSOLENOIDVALVE2TO5PERCENTSUBSCRIPTSUBSCRIPTGASTHROUGHTHEPROBEINTOTHETRACHEAPROBEMEASUREMENTS,THEINSTRUMENTSMEASUREDATTHEPOTENTIALISSENDINGFIVEPERCENTSTANDARDGASZIRCONIAPROBEOUTPUTATTHEENDOFTHISPOTENTIAL,THEACTUALOXYGENPOTENTIALERRORANDLINEARELECTRICPOTENTIALWHENTHISINSTRUMENTJUDGEMENTPOTENTIALDYNAMICCHANGESOFLESSTHAN010MV/MIN,THEINSTRUMENTINSTANTLYRECORDTHISPOTENTIALINSTRUMENTCALCULATIONSHOWSTHATTHEOXYGENMEASUREMENTSATTHEENDOFTHISPOTENTIALVALUEANDPOTENTIALGASSUPERSCRIPTREVISEDATTHISTIMEOFTHEINSTRUMENTZIRCONIAPROBETHATHASBEENCOMPLETEDDELAYED60SAFTER2RELAYACTIONCLOSEDSOLENOIDVALVE2,INSTRUMENTCALIBRATIONGASTOENTERTHESTATERELAY3ACTIONATTHESAMETIMEOPENTHESOLENOIDVALVE3TO1PERCENTSUBSCRIPTSUBSCRIPTGASTHROUGHTHEPROBEINTOTHETRACHEAPROBEMEASUREMENTS,THISINSTRUMENTSHOULDBECALCULATEDAFTERTHESHOWSENTONEPERCENTSUBSCRIPTWHENOXYGENGASMEASUREMENTSDELAYED60SAFTERTHREERELAYACTIONCLOSEDSOLENOIDVALVE3,4RELAYACTIONATTHESAMETIMEOPENTHESOLENOIDVALVE4TO9PERCENTSUBSCRIPTSUBSCRIPTGASTHROUGHTHEPROBEINTOTHETRACHEAPROBEMEASUREMENTS,THISINSTRUMENTSHOULDBECALCULATEDAFTERTHESHOWSENTNINEPERCENTSUPERSCRIPTGASWHENOXYGENMEASUREMENTSDELAYED60SAFTERTHEFOURRELAYSCLOSEDSOLENOIDVALVE4ACTION,THENAUTOMATICALLYCORRECTTIMINGCALIBRATIONCOMPLETEDMEASUREMENTINSTRUMENTATIONRETURNTOANORMALSTATE3HARDWAREDESIGNOFTHESYSTEMTHESYSTEMDESIGNISDEFINEDACCORDINGTOTHETASKANDPRINCIPLEOFDESIGNINGTHEDESIGNMETHODOFHARDWAREISDESCRIBED1THESELECTIONOFMICROPROCESSORTHECIP51PROCESSOROFC8051FMICROCONTROLLERISCOMPATIBLEOFMCS51,BUTITHASIMPROVEDGREATLYINTHEARCHITECTUREPERIPHERALEQUIPMENTSITFEATURESHIGHINTEGRITYANDFASTSPEED,COMPARINGWITHTRADITIONAL51,C8051FHASMANYADVANTAGES2DATAACQUISITIONANDAMPLIFICATIONCIRCUITTHEDATACOLLECTIONOFZRO2OXYGENANALYZERISCOMPOSEDOFTHREEPARTS,ACQUISITIONOFTEMPERATURESINGLE,DATAOFCOMPENSATIONFORTHERMOCOUPLECOLDJUNCTION,ACQUISITIONOFOXYGENCONTENTAEXPORTELECTRICPOTENTIALDIFFERENCEOFZIRCONIA,THROUGHAMPLIFIEDFILTERCIRCUIT,USINGA/DOFMCUTOCONVERTA/DANDSTORE,ANDTHENTHEDATAWILLBESENDTOLCDFORDISPLAY3CALENDARCLOCKS3530AISUSEDTOPROVIDETHECURRENTTIMEOFYEAR,MONTH,DAY,HOUR,MINUTE,SECONDS3530AISACMOSREALTIMECLOCKICSUPPORTINGANI2CBUS,WHICHISDESIGNEDTOTRANSFERORSETEACHDATAOFACLOCKANDCALENDARASREQUESTEDBYACPUITPROVIDESCONNECTIONWITHACPUVIATWOWIRESANDHASTWOSYSTEMSOFANINTERRUPT/ALARMFEATURES,ALLOWINGTHEALLEVIATIONOFSOFTWARETREATMENTONTHESIDEOFAHOSEITALSOWORKSONLOWERPOWERWITHTHEOSCILLATINGCIRCUITOPERATEDATACONSTANTVOLTAGE4LCDWITHTOUCHSCREENTHEINSTRUMENTUSESCA320240FLCDMODULE,CA320240FUSESPOWERFULSED1335ASCONTROLLERADAPTERTWOMPUOPERATINGSEQUENTIALCIRCUITSWHICHAREINTEL8080ANDM6800,WECANCHOOSEONEOFTHETWOBYHARDWARESETTING4BITSDISPLAYDATALINE,DATATRANSMISSIONRAPIDLY,POWERFULMAPPINGFUNCTION,SUPPORTINGTESTDISPLAY,GRAPHICDISPLAY,GRAPHICANDTEXTMIXINGDISPLAY,HAVINGSIMPLEMPUINTERFACECONTROLINSTRUCTION,ITCANCONFIGURATETOUCHSCREEN5TEMPERATURECONTROLCIRCUITFIRSTWARMINGINTOTHESTATEAPPARATUSTHROUGHTHEHEATINGWIREONTHEZIRCONIAPROBEHEATING,THEDISPLAYOFTHETEMPERATURE,THETEMPERATUREOFEQUIPMENTFROMTHETHERMOCOUPLEDATAACQUISITION,CONTROLANDTHESOLIDSTATERELAYHEATINGWIREHEATINGAFTER2TO3MINUTESTEMPERATUREREACHES700CINPRACTICALWORKCANBESETACCORDINGTOTHECURRENTTEMPERATUREANDTHEDIFFERENCEINTEMPERATUREONTHEHEATINGPOWERTOREGULATE,THESPECIFICMETHODISTHROUGHTHECONTROLRELAYSWITCHES,ANDOFFTOACHIEVETHERESISTANCEHEATERCONTROL,ANDRELAYLINKSBROKENBYTHEPWMSIGNALPWMCONTROL,WHENTHEPWMPULSEWIDTHCANBECHANGEDTOCHANGETHERELAYONTIME,THUSCHANGINGFURNACEINTHEWEEK,THEAVERAGEACCESSTIMEPERIOD6DESIGNOFCANBUSCANBUSNODEISCONSISTOFTHREEPARTS,MCUUSEDTOBERESPONSIBLEFORTASKOFNODE,CANBUSCONTROLLER,CANBUSTRANSCEIVER4SOFTWAREDESIGNOFSYSTEMSYSTEMDEBUGGINGANDDEVELOPMENTTOOL,MAINPROGRAMOFSUBSYSTEM,UPPERCOMPUTERSOFTWAREAREINTRODUCEDCOMMUNICATIONBASEDONCANBUSISINTRODUCEDEMPHATICALLY1DEBUGGINGANDDEVELOPMENTTOOLOFTHESYSTEMSILICONINTEGRATEDEXPLOITATIONENVIRONMENTISAKINDOFINDEPENDENTSOFTWAREPROGRAMITPROVIDESALLTOOLSOFDEVELOPMENTANDTESTINGFORDESIGNERSEDITINGCODE,PROGRAMDEBUGGING,COMPILING,ANDOPERATIONAREINTEGRATEDTOGETHER2MAINPROGRAMOFDOWNLOCATIONDEVICEMAINPROGRAMMODULEISMAINLYUSEDININSTRUMENTCONTROLANDMANAGEMENTMAINPROGRAMBEGINSOPERATIONAL,AFTERTHEELECTRIFIEDRESETCIRCUITOFTHESYSTEMTHETEMPERATUREMEASURINGMODULEISRUNNING,UNTILTHECOLLECTINGDATAREACHESTHEREQUIREMENTSAFTERTHEMEASUREMENTANDDISPLAYOFOXYGENCONTENTISCOMPLETED,MEASUREMENTCYCLEISCOMPLETEDANDENTERSINTOLOWPOWERCONSUMPTIONTHEEQUIPMENTWILLBEWAITINGFORTHENEXTWORKINGPROCESSWHENTHEPROGRAMMODULEISRUNNING,PROTECTEDFIELDANDINITIALIZATIONSETTINGATFIRST,ACCORDINGTODATAPROCESSINGANDDIGITALFILTERINGTECHNOLOGYOBTAINSEFFECTIVESAMPLINGVALUEREADINGOXYGENPOTENTIALANDTHERMALPOTENTIALTHEN,JUDGESWHETHERTHESYSTEMISBEINGINGASCORRECTIONIFITISBEINGINGASCORREC