[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟284

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟284专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟284专业八级分类模拟284LANGUAGE USAGE问题:1. If you make a long distance call and get a wrong number, call the operator and explain what happens.答案:时态错误，应把happens改为happened。解析 因为句子是在说告诉接线员之前发生的事，是已经过去的动作，所以应该使用过去时。问题:2. According to a new online survey, one in ten teenage

2、rs have an underage friend who has ordered beer, wine or liquor over the Internet.答案:主谓不一致，应把have改为has。解析 “one in(out of)+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。此处的主语是one in ten teenagers，谓语动词应该使用单数形式。问题:3. Eleven years after dismissal from school, young Albert Einstein published the most amazing Theory of Relativity w

3、hich changed our understanding of the universe.答案:定语从句中的关系代词误用，应把which改为that。解析 本句的先行词Theory of Relativity前面有形容词最高级修饰，因此关系代词只能用that，不能用which。问题:4. Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing because these business maneuvers dont act to create new jobs as the founder

4、 of new industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs while kept the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves.答案:非谓语动词误用，应把kept改为keeping。解析 这里指保持钱的价值，keep的逻辑主语是these business maneuvers，二者是主谓关系，因此应该使用现在分词。问题:5. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance when

5、 represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect.答案:强调句型错误，应把when改为that。解析 强调的是句子的主语this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance，只能用that。问题:6. Brown recommended that older adults structured their days by maintaining a regular cycle a

6、nd planning activities that give them pleasure, purpose and a reason for living.答案:虚拟语气错误，应把structured改为structure。解析 表示“建议”的动词，如suggest，recommend等，后面接宾语从句时，需要使用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略。问题:7. At no time smoking permitted in the meeting room, because it will do harm to both smokers and non-smoke

7、rs.答案:倒装句错误，应在smoking前加上is。解析 本句缺少系动词is，当否定词置于句首以表示强调时，句子要使用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no，little，hardly，seldom，never，not only，at no time，in no way，not until等。问题:8. If sustainable competitive advantage depended on work-force skills, American firms will have a problem.答案:时态错误，应把depended改为depends。解析 在有条件状语从句的复合句中，若主句

8、为将来时，从句则用一般现在时。问题:9. He has been traveling around this area for a long time and every day on the sides of the dikes he can see the cattle which seems to be the only living creature in these desolate surroundings.答案:主谓不一致，应把seems改为seem。解析 因为seem的主语which指代的是先行词the cattle，而cattle是集体名词，一般作复数名词。通常表示复数的集体

9、名词还有police，people，militia，vermin等。问题:10. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well.答案:宾语从句引导词缺失，应在and后面加上that。解析 此处是由that引导的两个并列的宾语从句，作believe的宾语，that不能省略。问题:11. The two most celebrating holidays in the North a

10、nd South America, Australia and Europe, and in most of Christian world are Christmas and Easter.答案:非谓语动词误用，应把celebrating改为celebrated。解析 celebrate和holidays在逻辑上是动宾关系，即“节日被人们庆祝”，因此使用其过去分词。问题:12. This normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefu

11、lness, sleeping during the day and working at night.答案:形式主语错误，应把句首的This改为It。解析 该句真正的主语是后面的不定式，由于主语太长，所以将其放在句尾，并用It作形式主语，且It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 为固定表达。问题:13. The millions of calculations involved, if they had been done by hand, all practical value have lost by the time they were finished.答案

12、:虚拟语气错误，应在have前加上would。解析 本句包含了与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语动词使用了had+过去分词，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/should/might+have+过去分词。句意为“如此之大的计算量，如果用手工计算的话，等到完成的时候也失去了所有的实用价值。”根据句意，在。have前加上would最合适。问题:14. The man who was driving the truck would not admit that he had been at fault, and neither the other driver.答案:倒装句错误，应在nei

13、ther后面加上would。解析 neither后面的句子没有谓语，应该加上would。neither用作副词，作“也不”解释，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子需采用部分倒装，因此把would加到neither后面。问题:15. In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world, psychologists at Brown University in the U. S. had been comparing the behavior of birds and humans.答案:时态错误，应把

14、had been comparing改为have been comparing。解析 此句没有明显的表示过去完成时的标志性时间状语，因此使用现在完成进行时即可。问题:16. During the first two months of a babys life, the stimulus that produce a smile is a pair of eyes, which need not be reala mask with two dots will produce a smile.答案:主谓不一致，应把produce改为produces。解析 that引导的定语从句修饰先行词sti

15、mulus，这个词看似复数形式，其实是单数，表示“刺激，刺激物”，其复数形式为stimuli，因此从句的谓语应该使用单数形式。问题:17. Unlike many mid-century papers, The Columbian, publishing every Saturday in Olympia, one of Washingtons largest towns, was neutral in politics, meaning that it was not the organ of a particular political party or religious group.答

16、案:非谓语动词误用，应把publishing改为published。解析 publish与前面提到的报纸The Columbian是动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词形式表被动。问题:18. Which is said that somewhere between the ages of 6 and 9, children begin to think abstractly instead of concretely.答案:形式主语错误，应将Which改成It。解析 固定句型It is said that.表示“据说”，其中It作形式主语。问题:19. We had a meeting and t

17、alked the matter over face to face for fear that there might be any misunderstanding.答案:虚拟语气错误，应将might be改为should be或者be。解析 for fear that意为“以免”，其引导的状语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略。问题:20. Not only tears keep your eyes lubricated, they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so that

18、 they cant infect your eyes.答案:倒装句错误，应在tears前加上助动词do。解析 这是not only放在句首的倒装句，要使用部分倒装，把助动词do提到主语tears前面。问题:21. The money they invest for training also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees.答案:语态错误，应在also前面加上is，变成被动语态。解析 此句意思是“他们投入的培训资金主要集中用于培训那些专业和管理层的雇员。”concentrate的主语是mone

19、y，所以应该使用被动语态。问题:22. I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerning with speaking the language.答案:非谓语动词误用，应把concerning改为concerned。解析 这里用分词作定语修饰the branch of study，be concerned with意为“关于

20、的”。问题:23. The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but what we neither exercise enough nor eat well.答案:从句引导词错误，应把what改为that。解析 not.but.引导的两个从句在逻辑上是对比关系，结构上是平行关系，而且what在从句中要充当成分，而此处不缺任何成分，因此应该使用that。问题:24. The position which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls in

21、to the water is the most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.答案:定语从句的关系词误用，应把which改为where或者在which前加上in。解析 此处定语从句的先行词是pos

22、ition，而定语从句中的引导词在句子中作状语，因此需要使用关系副词where，或者in which。问题:25. According to United States Coast Guard requirements, life preservers must be simple in design, reversible, capable of be quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an u

23、pright or slightly backward position.答案:动词形式错误，应把capable of后面的be改为being。解析 因为为介词of后面需跟名词或动名词。问题:26. As increasing numbers of my friends children prescribed medicationsstimulants to deal with inattentiveness at school or anti-depressants to help with the loss of interest and joy in their livesI quest

24、ion the role of kids boredom in some of the diagnoses.答案:语态错误，应在prescribed前加上are。解析 主语是numbers of my friends children，谓语是prescribe，二者是动宾关系，因此应该使用被动语态。问题:27. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but so far Japan largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people dont know where they should go next.答案:时态错误，应在Japan后加上has。解析 因为此处有明显的时态标记词组so far，应该使用现在完成时。问题:28. The