[机械制造]图纸常用英语

1、复合剖视compound section剖面图section, sectional view重合剖面coincide section, revolved section移出剖面removed section剖面线section line剖面符号symbols for section-lining习惯画法conventional drawing局部放大图 drawing of partial enlargement零件图detail drawing, working drawing第三角投影third angle projection粗实线continuous thick line, full

2、line, visible line细实线continuous thin line虚线dot line, dashed line, hidden line点划线dash and dot line双点划线double dots line波浪线断裂线break line剖切平面迹线cutting plane line尺寸线dimension line尺寸界线extension tine尺寸dimension size箭头arrowhead基准datum基准线datum line基准面datum plane中心孔central hole中心距center distance轴shaft, axle孔h

3、ole斜孔inclination装配图assembly drawing性能尺寸characteristic dimension大小尺寸size dimension总体尺寸外形尺寸outer dimension配合尺寸fit dimension内圆角fillet外圆角round尖角sharp corner倒角chamfer轮缘flange of wheel缘、边、环rim轴肩shoulder凸台boss凹坑concave pit轴颈shaft neck轮毂hub轮辐spoke, spoke of wheel直纹滚花straight knurling s网纹滚花hatching knurling键

4、槽key-way退刀槽escape拔模斜度pattern draft填料盒gland box油槽oil groove油封oil seal标准件standard parts螺纹thread外螺纹external thread内螺纹internal thread大径major diameter小径minor diameter螺距pitch of thread牙型form of thread旋向direction of turning右旋螺纹right-hand thread左旋螺纹left-hand thread头数number of thread导程lead粗牙coarse thread细牙fi

5、n thread螺栓bolt螺钉screw螺柱stud螺母nut垫片washer公差tolerance公差带tolerance zone零线zero line标准公差standard tolerance公差等级tolerance grade基本偏差fundamental deviation配合fit间隙配合clearance fit过盈interference过盈配合interference fit过渡配合transition fit基孔制hole-basic system of fits 基轴制shaft-basic system of fits间隙clearance形状公差toleranc

6、e in form, form tolerance直线度straightness平面度flatness圆度roundness圆柱度cylindricity线轮廓度profile of any line面轮廓度profile of any plane位置公差tolerance in position, position tolerances平行度 parallelism齿轮gear圆柱齿轮cylindrical gear正齿轮spur gear斜齿轮spiral gear轮齿gear tooth节圆pitch circle齿顶圆addendum circle, outside circle齿根圆

7、root circle, addendum circle模数modulus齿数number of teeth齿高tooth height齿顶高height of addendum齿根高height of addendum齿厚circular thickness齿间tooth space齿宽tooth width压力角angle of pressure弹簧spring销pin圆柱销round pin圆锥销taper pin开口销cotter pin, split键key平键flat key半圆键half round key, woodruff key轴承bearing滚动轴承rolling be

8、aring向心铀承radial bearing密封装置sealing equipment锁紧装置locking equipment粗糙度roughness基本尺寸basic size实际尺寸actual size极限尺寸limits size最大极限尺寸maximum limit of size最小极限尺寸minimum limit of size偏差deviation上偏差upper deviation下偏差lower deviation垂直度perpendicularity倾斜度angularity同轴度concentricity对称度symmetry位置度true position跳动r

9、un-out圆跳动cycle run-out全跳动total run-out 轴测投影axonometric projection轴测投影面plane of axonometric projection轴测图axonometric drawing正等轴测投影isometric projection正二测bimetric projection斜二测oblique bimetric projection轴测轴axonometric axis轴间角axis angle, angle between ales缩短foreshortened轴向缩短率coefficient of axialdeforma

10、tion ratio offore shortening for any axis切割法cutting method, by cutting方箱法boxing method坐标法coordinate method方框法enclosing-square method四心近似法four-center approximate method机械工程图中常用的英语词汇 abbreviation 缩写accuracy 精度、准确性acme thread 梯形螺纹(29)addendum 齿顶高addendum angle 齿顶角addendum circle 齿顶圆addendum of mating g

11、ear 啮合齿轮的齿顶高adjacent-part lines 相邻零件线aligned sections 旋转剖视aligned view旋转视图allowance 容差、加工余量alloy 合金alloy steel 合金钢alphabet 字母alteration 变更、更改alternate-position views 位置改变的视图alternator 交流发电机 induction alternator 感应(交流)发电机 motor alternator 电动(交流)发电机 single-phase alternator 单向(交流)发电机 synchronous altern

12、ator 同步(交流)发电机 three-phase alternator 三相(交流)发电机amount 总量、总计analyzable assembly 分析装配图anchor bolt 地脚螺栓angles 角 acute angle 锐角 blunt angle 钝角right angle 直角sliding angle 摩擦角spiral angle 螺旋角taper angle 锥角angular 有角的angular bearing 径向止推轴承 angular bevel gears 斜交伞齿轮 angular gear人字齿轮 angular section斜剖面anneal

13、 退火approval 批准、许可arc 弧、圆弧 arc thickness 弧长厚度(齿厚) arc welding 弧焊arrangement 布置、装置 arrangement of views 视图的布置 clamping arrangement 夹紧装置 cramping arrangement 紧固装置 general arrangement 总体布置arrow 箭头arrowheads 箭头assembly 装配图、组装图 assembly drawing 装配图 assembly drawing number 装配图图号 assembly for installation 安

14、装图 assembly parts 组装配合零件 assembly sections 装配图剖视 assembly sketches 装配草图auxiliary elevation 辅助立面图auxiliary line辅助线auxiliary section 辅助剖视auxiliary surface 辅助面auxiliary view 辅助视图average 平均数axial 轴的、轴向的 axial pitch 轴向节距 axial plane 轴向平面 axial thickness 轴向厚度axis 轴线、中心线 axis of revolution 回转轴线 axis of rot

15、ation 旋转轴线 axis of symmetry 对称轴线 horizontal axis 水平轴 major axis 长轴 minor axis 短轴 vertical axis 垂直轴 x axis x轴 y axis y轴axle 轴axle bearing 轴向(止推)轴承axle sleeve 轴向(止推)套筒axonometric drawing 轴测图babbitt 巴氏合金back cone 背锥back cone radius 背锥半径back elevation 后视图backstop 托架、棘爪ball bearing 球轴承bar 杆 angle bar 角钢

16、channel bar 槽钢 flat bar 扁钢 round bar 圆棒、圆钢base 基础、底座、基线、基面、基准 base circle 基圆 base circular thickness 基圆弧线齿厚 base cylinder 基圆柱 base helix angle 基圆上的螺旋角base plane 基平面base point 基点key base 键座basic circle 基准圆 basic hole system 基孔制 base shaft system 基轴制basic size 基本尺寸、公称尺寸、标称直径basis 基础、基准、基线battery 电池、蓄电

17、池bearing 轴承、支撑、方位 bearing accuracy 定位精度 bearing box 轴承箱 bearing brass 铜轴衬 bearing bridge 轴承支架 bearing oil seal 轴承油封圈 bearing support 轴承架 bearing unit 轴承组合件anti-friction bearing 减摩轴承 ball and socket bearing 球窝轴承 conical bearing 锥形轴承 journal bearing 径向轴承 needle bearing 滚针轴承 plain bearing 滑动轴承 roller b

18、earing 滚柱轴承 self-aligning bearing 自位轴承 thrust bearing 止推轴承belt 带、皮带bench 工作台 work bench 工作台bend 弯头、接头 elbow bend 肘形弯管 normal bend 正弯管(90)bender 弯曲机bending 挠曲 bending strength 抗弯强度 bent axle 曲轴bevel 倾斜的、斜角的、斜面 bevel gear 圆锥齿轮、伞齿轮 bevel pinion 小圆锥齿轮 bevel washer 斜垫圈 bevel wheel 伞齿轮、斜摩擦齿轮bilateral tole

19、rance 双向公差bill of materials 送料单block in、block out 画草图blue paper 蓝晒纸blueprint 蓝图、设计图board 板、(管理)局、厅bottom board 底板 moulding board 模板body 机体、机身boiler 锅炉bolt 螺栓、插销 adjusting bolt 调整螺栓 assembling bolt 装配螺栓 binding bolt 连接螺栓 bright blot 光制螺栓 captive bolt 固定螺栓 double-screw bolt 双头螺栓 fitter bolt 装配螺栓 found

20、ation bolt 地脚螺栓hexagonal head bolt 六角头螺栓hook bolt 钩形螺栓screw bolt 全螺纹螺栓snap bolt 圆头螺栓tension bolt 拉紧螺栓bolted joints 螺栓连接book 书、册 hand book 手册 instruction book 说明书bore face machine 镗孔 端面加工机床borer 镗床 jig borer 坐标镗床 table borer 台式镗床 boring 镗孔boring machine 镗床boring mill 镗床bottom case 底座bottom clearance

21、径向间隙bottom view 底视图bracket 托架、支柱brake 制动器、闸brass 黄铜、铜轴衬braze 铜焊 brazing 铜焊breadth 宽度、厚度break line 断裂线brinell figure (number) 布氏硬度brinell hardness 布氏硬度broacher 拉床、绞孔机 broaching 扩孔机、拉床、拉削broken circle 虚线圆 broken out section 断裂剖面 broken view 局部视图bronze 青铜burnishing 抛光、磨光burr 三角矬、毛刺、去毛刺bush 衬套、轴瓦bushing

22、 轴衬、衬套、套管butt joint 对接焊butterfly nut 蝶形螺母 butterfly valve 蝶形阀button 按钮push button 控制按钮 cable 电缆cage 盒、罩、箱caliper 卡尺、卡钳 gauge caliper 卡规、量规internal caliper 内卡钳sliding (vernier) caliper 游标卡尺cam 凸轮 cam design 凸轮设计 cam shaft 凸轮轴 actuating cam 主动凸轮 adjustable cam 可调凸轮 control cam 控制凸轮cap 盖、帽、罩 cap screw

23、带帽螺钉capital 大写字母carburizing 渗碳card 卡片cartographer 制图员cartography 制图学、制图法case 箱、盒、容器、表面 case hardened 表面淬火、硬化 nitrogen case hardening 渗氮硬化 casing箱、盒、壳 oil pump casing 油泵(壳)casting 铸造、铸件 defect casting 铸件缺陷 die casting 压铸 sand casting 砂型铸造 spun casting 离心铸造 steel casting 铸钢cast-iron 铸铁castle circular

24、nut 六角圆螺母 castle nut 蝶形螺母catalogue data 表列数据cave 凹槽、内腔centre 中心、圆心 centre distance 中心距centre hole 中心孔centre line 中心线centre-section 中心剖面centre to centre 中心距centesimal 百分的、百分之一的centimeter 厘米、公分 central hole 中心孔 central plane 中心平面 central projection 中心投影chafe 摩擦、磨损chain 链 drive chain 主动链 transmission c

25、hain 传动链chamfer 倒角、倒棱、斜面 dimensioning of chamfer 倒角的尺寸注法changes on drawing 图的更改channel 沟槽chapter 章chart 图表、计算图 chart of symbols 符号图表auxiliary chart 辅助图 dimensions chart 外廓尺寸图graphical chart 图表 process chart 工艺程序图 progress chart 工艺程序表、工作进度表 charting 制图(表)、填图check 校验、校核、制动装置 check drawings 校图 check nu

26、t 防松螺母check ring 挡圈check test校核试验chief draftsman 主任制图员chromium 铬chromizing 镀铬处理circle 圆、圆周circle of reference 参考圆 addendum circle 齿顶圆 base circle 基圆 graduated circle 分度圆 imaginary circle 虚圆 outside circle 齿顶圆、外圆 pitch circle 节圆rack circle 平面齿轮、扇形齿轮root circle 根圆top circle齿顶圆circular cylinder 圆柱circu

27、lar pitch 弧线节距circular thickness 弧线(齿)厚度circumference 圆周长clamp 夹紧、夹板class 种类 class of fit 配合级别classification 分类claw 爪、钩、卡爪clearance fit 间隙配合clevice /clevis u形钩、u形夹 clevis bolt 套环(插销)螺栓 clevis pin u形夹销clockwise 顺时针方向clutch 离合器、联轴器coat 外层、涂镀层 coat of metal 金属镀层 first coat 底漆coating 镀、覆盖electrodeposite

28、d coating 电镀层coaxial circle 共轴圆cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管、螺管、线圈coil spring 盘簧coincident line 重叠线cold-rolled steel 冷轧钢collet 夹头 collet chuck 弹簧夹头color-harden 着色硬化、发蓝、煮黑common difference 公差company 公司 joint company 股份公司limited company 有限公司compass 圆规compass of proportion 比例规component 零件、构件compression spring 压力弹簧co

29、mpressor 压缩机computer 计算机concave face 凹面concentricity 同心度cone 圆锥cones development 锥面展开cone pulley 锥形轮、塔轮conical spring 锥形弹簧connection 联接 bolt-on connection 螺栓联接 flange connection 法兰联接 rivet connection 铆钉联接 screw connection 螺钉联接contact 接触、接合、啮合 contact angle 啮合角 angular contact ball bearing 向心止推球轴承con

30、tour 外形、轮廓线contracted drawing 缩图contrast 对比、对照、比较convention 惯例、常规、习惯 convention for materials 材料的习惯表示法 conventional break 习惯断裂画法 conventional diagram 习惯画法 conventional intersection 习惯交线(画法)conventional practice 习惯画法conventional sign 图例、习惯符号|convex 凸面conveyer 输送机、传送机cooler 冷冻机coordinate axis 坐标轴coord

31、inate paper 方格纸、坐标纸copper 铜copy 抄本、样板correction 校正、修正cotter pin 开口销 split cotter 开口销counterbore 埋头孔、锥口孔counterclockwise 逆时针方向countersink 埋头孔、沉孔 countersink drill 中心钻、 钻countersunk 钻埋头孔、钻锥口孔 countersunk bolt 埋头螺钉 countersunk head 埋头 countersunk hole 锥坑coupling 联轴节cover 盖、罩cylinder cover 汽缸盖dust cover

32、 防尘罩cowl 壳、套、盖crane 起重机crank 曲柄、曲轴 crankshaft 曲轴crest 峰、尖、牙尖cross head 十字头cross section 横剖面、横断面crown gear 冕状齿轮cube 立方形体、正六面体current 电流curvature 曲率 curvature radius 曲率半径curve 弯曲、曲线、曲线板curve plotter 绘图仪curve ruler 曲线板french curve 曲线板 moment curve 力矩曲线、力矩图cutter 刀、刀具cutting plane 截平面cutting plane symbo

33、ls 剖切(迹线)平面符号cycloid 摆线cycloidal gear 摆线齿轮cylinder 圆柱体cylinder base 汽缸座pump cylinder 泵缸cylindrical cam 圆柱凸轮 cylindrical fit 圆柱配合 cylindrical roller bearing 圆柱滚子轴承dash 短划线、虚线、破折号 dash and dot line 点划线broken dash 断裂线data 数据、资料 engineering data工程数据master data 主要数据date 日期、年代datum 基准(点、线、面)、资料 datum line

34、 基准线 datum point 基准点 datum plane 基准面decade 十进制、十进位decelerator 减速器、制动器、缓动装置decimal 小数的、十进位小数的 decimal fraction 十进制分数 decimal fraction system 十进小数制 decimal scale 十进位比例尺decimeter 分米、公分dedendum angle 齿根角dedendum circle 齿根圆definition 定义deformation 变形、扭曲degree 度、程度degree of accuracy 精度degree of freedom 自由

35、度degree of hardness 硬度degree scale 刻度circular degree 圆度delineation 轮廓、草图delineator 制图者department 科、处、系、车间draft department 设计科engineering department 技术科fitting department 装配车间heat treatment department 热处理车间mechanical department 机加工车间processing department 工艺科depth 深度、高度depth dial gauge 深度千分表 depth of

36、engagement 啮合深度depth of thread 螺纹深度depth of tooth 齿高contact depth of tooth 啮合高度working depth of tooth 齿工作高度derivation 偏差 standard derivation 标准偏差description 描述、作图、绘制design 设计、计划design activity 设计机关(组织)design assembly 设计装配图design drawing 设计图design layout 设计草图、初步设计图preliminary design 初步设计standard desi

37、gn 标准设计technical design 技术设计designation 符号、标志designation strip 铭牌designer 设计员、制图者、设计师desk 桌、控制台drawing desk 绘图桌detail 细目、细节、详图、零件detail drawing 详图、零件工作图 detail paper底图纸、描图纸detail specification 详细规格detent 棘爪、扳手、制动器developable surface 可展曲面developed view 展开图development inner port 内表面展开图development of s

38、urface 表面展开图deviation 偏差、偏移 angular deviation 角偏差 average deviation 平均偏差standard deviation 标准偏差tolerance deviation 允许偏差device 装置、设备diagram 示意图、图解 diagram drawing 图解图、结构图arrangement diagram 布置图 assembly diagram 装配示意图 block diagram 方框图schematic diagram 原理图、简图diagrammatic drawing 草图、示意图dial gauge 千分表di

39、al inside micrometer 内径千分表diameter 直径diameter of aperture 孔径diameter of pitch circle 节圆直径diameter pitch (齿轮)径节diameter run-out径向跳动major diameter 大直径、螺纹外径minor diameter 小直径、螺纹内径nominal diameter 公称直径pitch diameter of screw thread 螺纹中径thread diameter 螺纹外径(直径)diametral pitch 齿轮径节die 模具、扳牙diesel 柴油机、内燃机d

40、imension 尺寸dimension line 尺寸线limiting dimension 极限尺寸nominal dimension 公称尺寸outer dimension 外形尺寸、轮廓尺寸direction 方位、方向clockwise direction 顺时针方向disc = disk 圆盘、原板disk cam 圆盘凸轮dismount 拆卸dismountable 可拆卸的displacement 移位、变位distance 距离、路程distortion 变形、歪扭distribution 分配、分布、配置ditto machine 复印机diversion 变更、转换di

41、viding head 分规dot line 虚线dotted line 虚线double dots line 双点划线double helical pinion 人字小齿轮double helical spur gear 人字齿轮double thread 双头螺柱dowel thread 定位销、圆柱销dozer 推土机draft = draught (拔模)斜度、草图、制图drafting 制图drafting board 制图板drafting machine 制图机drafting tape 制图带、胶带draftsman 绘图员drawer 制图员drawing 绘图、图样draw

42、ing board 绘图纸drawing control 图样管理drawing free-head 草图drawing instrument 绘图仪器drawing number 图号drawing pencil 绘图铅笔drawing pin 图钉drawing size 图纸尺寸drawing table 制图桌drawing with compass 用圆规画图blue print drawing 蓝图free hand drawing 徒手图full size drawing 原大图skeleton drawing 草图、结构图working drawing 施工图、制造图、工作图d

43、rill 钻孔、穿孔、穿孔器drive 传动、驱动drive fit 打入配合air drive 气动belt drive 带传动chain drive 链传动friction drive 摩擦传动gear drive 齿轮传动hydromatic drive 液压传动speed-reducer drive 减速器传动variable-speed drive 变速传动worm-wheel drive 蜗轮传动driven gear 从动齿轮driven shaft 从动轴driving gear 主动齿轮driving shaft 主动轴drum cam 凸轮轴ductile iron 球墨铸

44、铁duplicating tracing 复制描图durometer (钢轨)硬度计dusting cloth 抹灰布、撒粉布eccentricity 偏心距edge iron 角铁edge round 外圆角edge view 边视图effective diameter 有效直径effective face width 有效齿宽efficiency 效率、性能mechanical efficiency 机械效率elastic deformation 弹性变形elasticity 弹性elbow 肘形弯管、弯头electric current 电流electric element 电池elep

45、hant 绘图纸(28x23英寸)elevation 正面图、立视图end 末端、头ball end 秋端butt end 平端、端面tail end 尾端top end 顶端engagement 啮合engineer 工程技术人员、工程师engineer-in-chief 总工程师equipment 设备eraser 橡皮erasing shield 擦图片erection diagram 安装图、装配图error 误差accumulated error 累积误差allowance error 容许误差average error 平均误差permissible error 容许误差relat

46、ive error 相对误差exterior 外表面external 外部external diameter 外径external dimension 外形尺寸external fillet 外圆角external thread 外螺纹extra fine(screw)特细牙螺纹eyelet = eyelet-hole 小孔fabrication 建造、制造face 面、正面、表面、端面face cam 平面凸轮face gear 平面齿轮face hardening 表面硬化inner face 里面outer face 外面face off 倒角factor of safety 安全系数f

47、actory 工厂、制造厂factory made 工厂制造的fastener 接合件、紧固件fastening 连接件、紧固件fatigue 疲劳faucet 旋塞、龙头、开关feather 滑键、冒口feather key 滑键feature 特征、特性、性能basic mechanical design feature 主要机械设计性能mechanical feature 机械性能(特性)feed-pump 供油泵、供水泵feet 英尺ferrous metal 黑色金属field 工场、现场figure 形状、图样、插图、数字file 锉刀、锉平filler 填料、垫片fillet (

48、内)圆角、填角、嵌条fillet radius 内圆角半径filter 过滤器fine thread series 细螺纹级(系列)finish 完工、加工、磨光finish all over 全部加工finish marks 加工符号machine finish 机器光制fit 配合clearance fit 间隙配合free fit 自由配合interference fit 静配合light press fit 轻压配合light running fit 轻传动配合loose fit 松配合normal-running fit 传动配合running fit 动配合shrink fit 冷

49、缩配合slide fit 滑动配合transition fit 过渡配合fix 安装、装配、调整、修理、固定flange 法兰盘、凸缘flank 边、侧面、齿侧、后面flat 扁头、平面flat key 平键flat spring 板弹簧flat surface 平面flexible disk coupling 挠性盘形联轴节flexible gear-type coupling 挠性齿轮联轴节flywheel 飞轮foot 英尺foot screw 地脚螺钉force 力fore word 序、前言forge 锻forge steel 锻钢former 样板、模型、量规wooden form

50、er 木模formula 公式foundation 基础、基座foundation bolt 地脚螺栓foundry 铸件、铸工车间fraction 分数、小数front view 前视图、主视图full diameter 大直径、主直径full line 实线full size 原大full scale 原大full section 全剖视full section view 全剖视图furbish 研磨、擦光fuse 保险丝、熔断器gage = gauge 量规gallon 加仑galvanize 镀锌、电镀gasket 垫圈、密封垫gasket material 填料gasoline en

51、gine 汽油(内燃)机gate 门、阀门gear 齿轮gear addendum angle 齿顶角gear box(case) 齿轮箱gear centre 齿轮中心gear dedendum angle 齿根角(圆锥齿轮)epicyclic gear 行星齿轮herringbone gear 人字齿轮ratchet gear 棘轮general drawing 总图geometry 几何学gland 压盖、填料盖、密封装置glass 玻璃glasscloth 砂布、玻璃布glossary 词汇(表)grade 等级、斜度steel grade 钢号graduated hardening

52、分级淬火graduated scale 比例尺、分度尺gram 克graph 图(表、解、形)、曲线图graph paper 方格纸graphic图示、制图学grease 滑脂grind 磨削、抛光grinding machine 磨床grinding wheel 砂轮groove cam 槽凸轮groove pulley 槽轮、三角带轮guide 手册、指南guide bar 导杆guide pin 定位销、导向销guide screw 丝杠guidebook 参考手册、指南、入门half 二分之一、一部分half bearing 轴瓦half section 半剖视half section

53、 view 半剖视图hammer 锤子handbook 手册、指南hand-made 手工制造的hand-operated 手控的handle 手柄 hand wheel 手轮hard casting 白口铁 hard drawn 冷拔 hard rolled 冷轧的 hard surfacing 表面硬化 harden 淬火、硬化 hardened and tempered 调质的hardened-steel 淬火钢hardening 硬化hardness 硬度hardometer 硬度计hatch 剖面线h-beam 工字梁、h形梁heattreatment 热处理heavy force fit 重压配合height 高度helical bevel gear 螺旋伞齿轮helical gear 螺旋齿轮、圆柱斜齿轮helical rack 斜齿齿条 helical spring 螺旋弹簧hex nut 六角螺母hexagon jam nut 六角锁紧螺母hexagon socket head 内六角头hidden line 虚线hidden outline 看不见的轮廓线