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1、LiteratureMade By：向文杰，张秀秀，唐聪聪，汪慧Part 1 BackgroundsPoetry（诗歌）Prose（散文） Fiction（小说） Drama（戏剧） Reading poetry is different from reading short stories. Readers often find poems difficult because they are used to having straightforward meanings in what they read. When we read a short story, or indeed any

2、 work written in prose, the meaning will usually be immediately apparent. But when we read poetry, the situation will be different. It is true that poetry will usually make some sense(有某些意义有某些意义) or have some meaning ，but poetry is more than its prose meaning.1. A poem consists of words arranged in

3、lines of verse(韵文).2. A poems rhythm(节奏) and rhyme(韵律), too, while having little meaning in themselves, may help to reinforce (强化) ,the poems meaning.3.Thus poetry is not to be read quickly like prose, it should be read slowly, carefully and attentively(聚精会神地)， because it will not yield its meaning

4、all at once. Prose is a form of language that possesses ordinary syntax(句法) and natural speech rather than rhythmic structure; in which regard, along with its measurement in sentences rather than lines, it differs from poetry. We will surely find one element common to every readers expectations befo

5、re examining a work of fiction tell a story. Fiction, then, is a name for stories at least partially(部分地) imagined. This term is most commonly associated with short stories, drama and narrative(叙事体的) poetryIn fiction the facts are not necessarily true or historically accurate, not usually his primar

6、y concern. A writer leads us into a world of his creation and makes us accept that what is happening in the story is true.Drama shares with fiction many basic characteristics：Employ plot， use characters， develop a themeDrama is also similar to poetry in some way ：Extensive use of the resources of la

7、nguage.Difference:Drama is different from both fiction and poetry in that most plays are written to be performed by actors on a stage before an audience rather than to be read as books.i.e. drama is primarily designed for theatrical(戏剧的) presentation. In this sense，drama is both theatre and literatu

8、re. A play that is intended only to be read is referred to as closet drama.There are numerous(许多的) awards recognizing achievement and contribution in literature. Given the diversity（差异性） of the field, awards are typically limited in scope, usually on: form, genre（体裁）, language, nationality and outpu

9、t.The Nobel Prize in Literature（诺贝尔文学奖-瑞典）The Neustadt International Prize for Literature(诺伊施塔特国际文学奖-美国) Literary prizes for which all nationalities are eligible（有资格当选的）（有资格当选的） include:The Man Booker International Prize（布克国际文学奖-英国）The Franz Kafka Prize（弗朗茨卡夫卡奖-捷克）One of the five Nobel Prizes establ

10、ished by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895Awarded to an author on the basis of their body of work, rather than to, or for, a particular work itself.Since1901awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction“A lau

11、reate（获奖者） earns a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money. The amount of money awarded depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation that year.Part 2 Important Words in Unit TenImportant Words in Unit TenNew Words 1.behold bholdto look at or see sb/sthsee和behold see 是最常见的，它可以只指用视觉器官，但更经常暗示发现、理解或明

12、白 behold 更强烈地暗示对已被看见的某物的意识2.bureau bjro a desk with drawers( 抽屉）and usually a top that opens down to make a table to write on3.caterpillar ktrpl(r)毛虫；履带；履带拖拉机.4.Cheshireter柴郡（英国郡名） 5.duchessdts n.the wife of a duke/a woman who has the rank of a duke(公爵）公爵） 6.hearthh:r area in front of a fireplace 灶台

13、，炉灶台，炉边；边； （高炉的）炉膛，炉缸；（高炉的）炉膛，炉缸； 比喻比喻家庭；家庭； 壁炉壁炉地面地面 7.hedgehd树篱树篱(保护措施，防止损失的手段保护措施，防止损失的手段尤指尤指金钱金钱）fence,wattle 8.nibble nbl take tiny(very small in size or amount) bites of sth.啃，一点一点地咬（吃） bite, gnaw(n) 9.pebble pbl 卵石；砾石. 10.predicament prdkmnt difficult or unpleasant situation,esp.one in which

14、sb. is uncertain what to do (困境，窘况) strait,dilemma 11.scamper skmp run quickly and often playfully as children and some small animals do 蹦蹦跳跳地跑，惊惶奔跑 Part 3 The introduction of a movie Alice in Wonderland Alice in Wonderland 爱丽丝梦游仙境第一版的封面 (1865)作者查尔斯路德维希道奇森（Charles Lutwidge Dodgson）以笔名路易斯卡罗（Lewis Car

15、roll）出版的儿童文学作品。插图John Tenniel出版地 英国语言英语类型儿童文学出版商Macmillan Publishers出版日期1865媒介Print下一部作品爱丽丝镜中奇遇。爱丽丝梦游仙境是一个典型“荒唐文学（Literary nonsense）”的例子Alices Adventures in Wonderland 第七章：疯狂下午茶（第七章：疯狂下午茶（A Mad Tea Party） 第八章：女王的槌球场第八章：女王的槌球场（The Queens Croquet Ground） 第九章：假甲鱼的故事第九章：假甲鱼的故事（The Mock Turtles Story） 第十

16、章：龙虾方块舞第十章：龙虾方块舞（Lobster Quadrille） 第十一章：谁偷了馅饼第十一章：谁偷了馅饼（Who Stole the Tarts?） 第十二章：爱丽丝的证明第十二章：爱丽丝的证明（Alices Evidence）爱丽丝（Alice）List of minor characters in the Alice series：白兔先生（White Rabbit）三月兔（March Hare）红心女王（the Queen of Hearts）毛毛虫（the Caterpillar）睡鼠（Dormouse）柴郡猫（Cheshire Cat）疯帽子（Mad Hatter）矮胖子（H

17、umpty Dumpty）渡渡鸟/度度鸟（Dodo）爱丽丝梦游仙境 (1951年电影)，1951年迪士尼公司发行的动画电影。爱丽丝梦游仙境，2010年迪士尼公司发行的3D动画电影。Background爱丽丝梦游仙境于1865年出版。故事原形乃是1862年7月4日，作者与鲁宾逊达克华斯（Reverend Robinson Duckworth）及三位女孩于泰晤士河（River Thames）同游。三位女孩当中，有一位名叫爱丽丝李德尔（Alice Liddell）；她们的父亲正是兼任牛津大学副校长、Christ Church教长及威斯敏斯特学校（Westminster School）校长的亨利乔治李

18、德尔（Henry George Liddell）。他们由牛津附近的Folly Bridge开始，划船到五哩外一条名叫Godstow的村庄。途中，他们为了消磨时间，道奇森就在船上向三位女孩讲了一个应她们要求“越荒诞越好”的幻想冒险故事，而故事的主角正好就是三姊妹之中的二女儿爱丽丝李德尔。Part4 Listening Task 3答案答案 A. 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) T 6) T 原文原文： Alices Adventure in Wonderland Alice sat nodding sleepily on a mossy bank beside her big si

19、ster, who was reading. Presently a pink-eyed white Rabbit ran by, looking at its watch and crying, Oh dear-I shall be late! Alice bounded after the Rabbit, across a field and into a hole under a hedge. And Alice found herself in a long hall of many doors, all locked. On a table was a golden key whic

20、h fitted the smallest door, only fifteen inches high. Presently the Rabbit entered and, seeing Alice, fled in dismay, dropping his gloves and fan. Alice picked them up and began to fan herself. Soon she was only two feet high and dropped the fan in a fright. Running into the wood, she sat down besid

21、e a mushroom to rest. What can I do for you? asked a voice. Alice looked up, and on top of the mushroom sat a blue Caterpillar, smoking a pipe. The Duchess sat rocking a little pig in her lap, the Cook was sprinkling quantities of pepper into a kettle of soup, and a Cheshire Cat on the hearth grinne

22、d from ear to ear at her. New Words Mossy adj.苔藓覆盖的 Bank n.岸；堆；浅滩；斜坡 Bound vi.跳跃着跑 n.跳跃 adj.准备前往的；正在前往的 Sensation n.感觉；知觉；感觉能力；觉察 Dismay n.惊愕；vt.使惊愕 Glove n.手套 Fright n.惊吓 Thereupon adv.随即；于是；在其上 Mushroom n.蘑菇；蘑菇状的东西 vi.采蘑菇 Pipe n.管子；烟斗；一斗烟 Duchess n.公爵夫人；女公爵 Sprinkle vt.洒；撒 vi.轻轻洒落 n.少量 Pepper n.胡椒

23、粉；甜椒；胡椒 Kettle n.水壶；锅 Hearth n.壁炉炉床 Grin vi.露齿而笑 n.露齿的笑 B： 1) a hole under a hedge Alice bounded after the Rabbit, across a field and into a hole under a hedge. 2) into a long passage After running through the hole a distance she suddenly stepped off into space and began to fall. Alice was wondering whether she would stop at the earths center when, bump!-she landed on a heap of