中考阅读理解专题讲解课件

1、中考英语中考英语“阅读理解阅读理解”解题训练解题训练阅读表达阅读表达书面表达书面表达20%听力听力17%单选单选13%词汇应用词汇应用翻译句子翻译句子17%完形完形8%各类题型在中考试卷中所占比例各类题型在中考试卷中所占比例阅读理解阅读理解25%阅读阅读题干题干类型类型细节理解细节理解 to look for the details主旨大意主旨大意to find out the main idea推理判断推理判断 to infer a conclusion猜测词义猜测词义to guess the meaning细节理解细节理解推理判断推理判断猜测词义猜测词义主旨大意主旨大意10%20%10%6

2、0%阅读理解题型所占比例阅读理解题型所占比例中考中考阅读解题方法阅读解题方法一、逆向解题法一、逆向解题法1、先看题目、找答案、先看题目、找答案( First look through the questions, then find the answers in the passage) 2、再通看全文核实答案、再通看全文核实答案 (Check the answers by reading the whole passage.)此种方法的优缺点是：此种方法的优缺点是： 答题速度快，答题速度快，但正确率相对低一些。但正确率相对低一些。二、正向解题法二、正向解题法1、先看文章大意、先看文章大意 (

3、First look through the passage) 段首句段首句与段尾句与段尾句 2、再看题目、找答案、再看题目、找答案(Read the questions and find out the answers ) 指读法指读法 3、最后通看全文核实答案、最后通看全文核实答案 (Check the answers)此种方法的优缺点是：答题正确率高，此种方法的优缺点是：答题正确率高，但较费时。但较费时。 建议：考试时，可以将第三步放在检查时进行。建议：考试时，可以将第三步放在检查时进行。 如何解答如何解答细节理解细节理解题题？( To look for details)细节题是用来进一

4、步表达主题，体现中细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。 解题技巧为：解题技巧为： 快速捕捉信息，尤其是一快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照,一般能从原文中直接找到答案。一般能从原文中直接找到答案。 ()1.Mr.andMrs.Greenaregoingtothezoowiththeirfive-year-oldson.Theyhavetopay_fortheticket.A.fifteendollarsB.thirtydollarsC.forty-fived

5、ollarsD.sixtydollars原文再现原文再现：TicketPriceGrown-up:$30.00Children:$15.00Childrenundersix:freeD()2.Thezooclosesat_onweekends.A.5:30p.mB.4:30p.mC.9:ooa.mD.8:00a.m原文再现：原文再现： Opening timeFrom Monday to Friday: 9:00-16:30SaturdayandSunday:8:00-17:30A()3.Somedisabledpeopleneedrobotshelpto_.A.takecareofthems

6、elvesB.talktootherpeopleC.becomescientistsD.dodangerousjobs原文再现：原文再现： In the United States, another kind of robot helps disabled people to take care of themselves in their daily life. .AFor example It seems that everybody tells lies, well, not big lies, but what we call “white lies” .Telling white l

7、ies isnt that bad. Most of the time ,people do it because they want to protect a friendship.( )4、Which of the following is not true? A. White lies are not big lies. B. In fact, everybody tells lies . C. People tell white lies to protect a friendship. D. White lies are harmful to friendship. （答案为（答案为

8、D.答题时要求对每个选项进行回读答题时要求对每个选项进行回读 确认信息，然后判断。）确认信息，然后判断。） 如何解答如何解答推理判断推理判断题？题？( To infer a conclusion)推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括：推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。的、态度和倾向等的推断。解题技巧为：分析文章结构，根据上下文解题技巧为：分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。 常见题式：常见题式：1）From the passage we kno

9、w that_.2）From the passage we can infer(推断）推断） that_.3）We can guess the writer of the letter may be_.注意：此类题目无法从原文中找到注意：此类题目无法从原文中找到一模一样的句子。一模一样的句子。()5.Visitors_inthezoo.A.Mustnttakephotoswithallanimals.B.Mustntgoclosetothedangerousanimal.C.Cangivefoodtotheanimals.D.Canthrowyourthingsaround.原文再现：原文再现

10、： .You are welcome to take photos with some animals. .Keep the zoo clean. Do not feed or go near to the dangerous animals B 如何解答如何解答主旨大意主旨大意题？题？(To find out the main idea)主旨大意题的目的是考查对短文中心思主旨大意题的目的是考查对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。想或作者意图的掌握。 解题技巧为：找主题句。解题技巧为：找主题句。 应先通读全文，应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题

11、句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。主旨题常见题式为主旨题常见题式为：1.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?2.Themainideaofthispassageis_3.Thepassagemainlytellsus：_ForexampleHappinessisforeveryoneInfact,happinessisalwaysaroundyou,ifyouputyourheartintoitHappinessisnotthesameasmoney,itisafeelingofyourheartWhichofthefollowin

12、gisthispassageabout?A.BadluckB.GoodluckD.LifeC.HappinessC.Happiness 如何解答如何解答猜测词义猜测词义题？题？(To guess the meaning)猜测词义题主要考查根据上下文正确判断猜测词义题主要考查根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。灵活变化的词义能力。 解题技巧为：通过阅读单词附近的上下文，解题技巧为：通过阅读单词附近的上下文，断定该词的真正含义。要注意单词本义之外断定该词的真正含义。要注意单词本义之外的符合题意的含义。的符合题意的含义。常见题式如下：常见题式如下：1）Theword“”inthepassagepr

13、obablymeans_.2）Whatdoestheword“”mean_.3）Theunderlinedwordmeans_.ForexampleChildrenlikesuchcreaturesasdogsandmonkeys.Theunderlinedwordmeans_.AanimalsB.plantsC.HumansD.toys（答案为（答案为 A。由。由dogs and monkeys 可推断可推断出出)链接中考链接中考p.51Manyofusdontpaymuchattentiontotheimportanceofeyecare.Itissaidthatifyoutakecare

14、ofyourbody,thenyoucansurelybehealthy.Thatiswhyoureyesshouldbegivenalotofcare.Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinanumberoneplace.Thereareseveralcausesleadingtopooreyesightlikenotenoughfood,genes(基因)andaging(老化)Televisions,computersandreadingarealsothecausesofha-vingpooreyesight.Ifyouhappentoworkinfrontofthec

15、omputer,itisbesttotakeabreakeveryonceinawhile.Somethingdirtycancauserednessandtheywillmakeyoufeeluncomfortable.Itisbadforyoureyes,too.Ifthishappens,thebestwayistocleanyoureyesbyusingcoldwater.Youmustalsotryyourbesttoprotectyoureyesfromharmfulthings.Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycan

16、alsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightfromUV_rays.Eatinghealthyfoodswilldogoodtoyoureyesight.RememberthatvitaminsA,CandEaregoodforeyes.Trytoeatfoodgroupsthathavethesevitamins.Andyoushoulddoeyeexercisesbecauseexerciseprotectsyoureyesight,too.Ifapersonexercisesregularly(定期地)andeats therightkindoffo

17、od,hiseyeswillstayingoodconditionforalongtime.Allabovearenaturalwaysofeyecarethathelpuskeephealthyeyes.Beinghappyallthetimecanbehelpfultoapersonseyesight,too.Inaword,eyecareisveryimportant,nomatterhowoldapersonis.本文主要讲述了保护眼睛的重要性，以及如何保护眼睛。()61._isthemostimportantwaytoprotectoureyes.ANaturaleyecareBTa

18、kingmedicineCSeeingthedoctorDBeinghappyallthetimeA细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinanumberoneplace.”可知选A。()62.Allthefollowingcausescanleadtobadeyesightexcept_.AageBheightCreadingDcomputersB细节理解题。由第二段第一、二句可知年龄、阅读、操作电脑都可能引起视力的变化，而身高与视力无关，不是引起视力变坏的原因，故选B。()63.Whatshouldyoudoifyouhavetoworkinfrontofthecomputer?AEathealthyfoods.BCleantheeyesbyusingcoldwater.CWearapairofsunglasses.DHavearestafterworkingforawhile.D推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，