一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时

1、教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】1 1) 一般现在时的基本结构和变化2 . 一般现在时的结构be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+ 其它。.I am a boy.我是一个男孩。行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则 在动词原形后加-s或-es.He gets up early in the morning.3 .否定句和疑问句的变化be动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+ be + not + 其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。8. 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其它。-Are you a stude

2、nt? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。Where is my bike?行为动词的变化：A.否定句：主语 + dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+ 其它)。I dont like bread. / He doesntlike bread.B. 一般疑问句：Do ( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。-Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.-Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doe

3、snt.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。How does your father go to work?(注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则)般情况下在词尾力口 s help fhelps, clean fcleans, play fplays, wear fwears, give fgives; 以 s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词在词尾力口es dress fdresses, fixffixes, watchfwatches, finish ffinishes; 以“辅音字母加 y”结尾的动词，把 y 变为 i ,再 study f studies, carry fcarries

4、, fly flies )(2) 一般现在时的用法1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与 always, sometimes, often, usually, never等副词连用。.I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays. My mother often gets up at 6 o clock.2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。Lin Yan dances well.My father teaches maths.3.表示普遍真理或客观事实。.The earth moves around the sun. The s

5、un rises in the east.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Ourphysics teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中， 一般现在时。我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用如：I will e-mail you as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你发邮件。If you come this afternoon, we will have a

6、 meeting.如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。【例题精讲】例 1.Who is that lady?She s Miss Green. She us music, and she is so good.A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching例 2.1 think I ll take a bus to the meeting.The bus? If you, you will be late.A. do B. have done C. will do例 3. Unless the weather, we will have to c

7、ancel the picnic.A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve例 4. We don t know if our friend. If he, we ll let you know.A. comes; comes B. comes; will comeC. will come; comes例 5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth the sun.A. went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going

8、 around【课堂练习】1. Look! A dog a blind man across the road.A. leads B. lead C. is leading D. led2. They usually TV in the evening.A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches3. He hardly up early.A. gets B. get C.doesn t get D . don t get4. John football.A. likes playing B. likes play C. like play

9、5. Frank usually in touch with his primary school teachers by email.A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. will keep知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】(1) 一般过去时的基本结构和变化1 .定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。2 .结构：“主语+动词的过去式”3 .句型转化：be动词的过去时的句型如下：A.否定句：主语+ be 动词的过去式（was, were ） + notB.疑问句：be动词的过去式（was, were ） +主语?a. He was busy yesterday.（肯定句）他

10、昨天很忙。b. He was not busy yesterday.（否定句） 他昨天不忙。c. Was he busy yesterday?（疑问句）他昨天忙吗？d. There weren t any boys in the room. 房间里没有男孩儿。.There weren t any boys in the room. 房间里没有男孩儿。Were there any boys in the room?房间里有男孩儿吗？行为动词的否定式和疑问式：A.否定式：行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn t,并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。a. I called Lin Tao yest

11、erday afternoon.fI did not / didn t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.B. 一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式，那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形，并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用 did。a. We stayed there for 10 days last month.Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we d

12、id. / No, wedidnt.b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.fDid Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, we didn t.（2）规则动词的变化一般情况下，直接在动词词watch f watched尾加-ed。plant f planted以不发音字母 e结尾的动词like liked在词尾加-d。move f moved以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的study f studied过去式（规则变化）动词，先变y为i,再在

13、词carry f carried尾加-ed。重读闭音节动词且词尾只有stop f stopped一个辅音字母，先双写词尾shop f shopped的辅音字母，再在词尾加-ed。am / is 一 was are 一过去式（be动词）were（不规则变化）do 一 did(3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词第一组AAA1. cost cost cost 2. cut cut cut 3. hit hit hit 4. let let let5. put put put6. set set set 7. read read read第二组ABC1. break broke broken 2. ch

14、oose chose chosen 3. speak spoke spoken4. stealstole stolen5. wakewokewoken6. forgetforgot forgotten took takengave givenhid hidden10. drivedrove driven11. writewrote written12. rise rose risen13. ride rode ridden 14. eat ate eaten第三组ABC1. know knew known 2. grow grewgrown 3. throw threw thrown4. fl

15、y flew flown 5. showshowed shown第四组ABB1. build built built _ 2. burn burnt_ burnt_3. meanmeant meant4. lend lent lent _ 5. send-sent_sent_6. spendspent_ spent第五组ABB1. keep kept kept 2. sweep swept swept 3. sleep slept slept4. leave left left 5. feelfelt felt6. smell smelt smelt7.lose -lost lost8. le

16、arnlearnt learnt （learnedlearned）9.get got got10. dodid done11. gowentgone铲组ABB1.make -一made made2. hearheard heard 3. have had had4.bring brought brought 5. find found foundbought bought7.think thought thought 8. teach taught taught第七组ABB1.dig dug dug 2.leadled led 3. holdheldheld4.meet -metmet 5.s

17、aysaid 一said6. paypaid paid7.winwon won 8.sellsold sold 9. telltold 一told10. stand stood stood 11. understand understood understood12. sit sat sat13. wear woreworn第八组ABC1. begin beganbegun2. swimswam swum 3. sing sang sung4. ring rang rung5. drinkdrank drunk 6. come came come7. become became become

18、8. see saw seen9. run ran run11. lie lay lain lying（躺）12. lie lied lied lying （说慌）13. lay laid laid（放）（4） 一般过去时的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week (month, year.), ago, just now, at the age of，in 1980 等连用。如:At the age of ten, she began to learn to play the piano.十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢

19、琴。表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。【例题精讲】例 1.Where did you go last weekend?I to the Great Wall.A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone例 2. Last week Vivian a dress for her mother with her first-month salary.A. buy B. bought

20、C. will buy D. would buy例 3. Oh no! I my book in the lab.A. leave B. left C. will leave D. was leaving例 4.Your coat fits you well.Thank you. Iit when I was on vacation.A. have bought B. buy C. bought例 5. My husband always me flowers every week before we got married, but now he neverA. sent; does B.

21、sends; does C. was going to send; do D.sent; do【课堂练习】1. Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last?Yes, they a plan and did it.A. were working out B. worked out C. are working out D. have worked2. Yesterday the teacher told us the earth the sun.A. goes around B. went around C. is going around D. woul

22、d go around3. Lucy has to London. How can I get in touch with her?Don t worry. She will phone you as soon as she there.A. been; will get B. been; gets C. gone; will get D. gone; gets4. Oh, no! I can t find my mobile phone!Well, where you last put it.A. have B. do C. did5. Have you ever climbed Mount

23、 Tai, Carol?Yes, I in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.A. had stayedB. stayC. stayedD. have stayed知识点三一般将来时【知识梳理】(1) 一般将来时的结构will+ 动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：.I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我将在校门 口 见你。be going to+ 动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：.I am going to be 15

24、 next week.下周我就 15 岁了。will和be going to 的区别be going to 与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：A. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：.He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.B. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。.He is seriously ill. He is going to die.C.

25、 be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will则没有这个意思，如：.She is going to have a trip.He will be here in half an hour.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts come at you, Ill stay with you and help you.用法表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如：tomorrow, soon, nextday (week, month, year.), in a few minutes

26、, the day after tomorrow等连用。 如：.I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week.下周我将要去上海旅行。当主句为一般将来时，在以after, when, while, as soon as, if, unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。如：.I will do it better if the teacher gives me another chance.如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。【例题精讲】例 1. Don t away. Bill you look after your dog wh

27、en you are away on business.A. helps B. will help C. helping D. helped例 2. Just go down this road and you the library next to the bank.A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see例 3. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks in our families in thefuture.A. appear B. appeared C. will app

28、ear D. were appearing例 4. Many scientists believe that robots able to talk like humans in 50 years.A. were B. are C. will be D. have been例 5.Have you returned the book to the library yet?Not yet. Don t worry. I it soon.A. return B. returned C. have returnedD. willreturn【课堂练习】1. My mind wasn t on wha

29、t he was saying so I m afraid I half of it.A. missed B. was missing C. will miss D. would miss2. We are glad to hear that the Greens to a new flat next week.A. moveB. movedC. will moveD. have moved3. Eric won t start the experiment until his teacher him how to do it.A. will showB. showC. showsD.show

30、ed4. If you come to the party, youa good time.A. would haveB. haveC. will haveD. to have5. Let s enjoy the days with our classmates. We our junior high school in twomonths.A. will finishB. are finishingC. have finishedD. had finished课后作业1. - Is Jim in the office?-No, heto the dining hall.A. goesB. w

31、ould go C. has gone D. had gone2. - I called you this morning, but nobody answered it.-Oh, we some running in the park.A. are doingB. were doingC. have done D. did3. Her sonthe army for two months. She misses him very much.A. has joinedB. has been inC. joinedD. was in4.The reporter said that the UFO

32、 east to west when he saw it.5.6.A. travelsB. traveledC. was travelingD. has traveledIm waiting for my sister. I wont go to see my uncle untilA. she comes B. she will come-Do you know the Englishman?Yes. Ihim for two years.A. get to knowC. she doesnt comeB. have knownC. knewD. got to know7.8.A. dont

33、 finishB. didnt finishC. havent finishedD. wont finishTraveling to space is no longerjust a dream. Russiathe first hotelmy homework; I guess I cantjoin you.in space in the near future.9.A. buildsB. will buildC. builtD. has builtWe have been friendsA. last yearB. one year agoC. since we met last year

34、D. when we metlast year10.-Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend?-Cindy? Never! Shedriving.A. has hatedB. hatedC. will hateD. hates11.- I called you several times this morning, but you didnt answer.-Sorry. Itennis the whole morning.12.A. playedB. is playing C. would play D. was playi

35、nga mistake. Please dont be angry with me.C. will makeD. had madeA. makeB. made13.-Oh, Ia film at that time.A. seeB. sawC. is seeingD. was seeing-I telephoned you yesterday afternoon but nobody answered.14.- Is this your first time to Xinjiang?No, Ihere several times.A. have gone B. havent goneC. ha

36、ve beenD. havent been15.- Well go for a picnic if itthis Sunday.-Wish you a lovely weekend.16.A. rainHeA. has leftB. doesnt rainLuzhou for three months.B. has come toC. has gone toC. wont rainD. has been away from17.my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!A. leftB. went away fromC. have left D

37、. have been away from18. If you come to the party, youa good time.A. would have B. haveC. will haveD.to have19. Mr. Brownin this factory since he was twenty-four years old.A. works B. worked C. will work D. has worked20.- Shush, be quiet! The babyin the next room.-Oh, sorry.A. sleeps B. sleptC. is s

38、leepingD. was sleeping21. Hefor ten years.A. has been married B. marriedC. got marriedmarriedD. has22.- Did you hear someone knocking at the door just now?-No,sir. Imusic.A. was listening to B. listened toC. am listening tolisten toD. would23.- What were you doing this time yesterday?-I on the grass

39、 and drawing a picture.A. A. sitB. satC. am sittingD. was sitting24. - How was your trip to the ancient village?-Fantastic! Weto a natural museum of strange stones.A. go B. wentC. are going D. will go25. - I hear Mr. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting.-Really? Do you know when he?A. leaves B. w

40、as leavingC. has leftD. left26. - Lisa, I called you just now. Where were you?-Sorry, Ia shower.A. takewas taking27. Shethe bookA. has borrowed; sinceC. kept; forB. am takingtwo days ago.B. has kept; sinceC.28.- Where were you at 7:00 last night?to my mom at home.A. writeB. wroteC. am writing29.D. w

41、as writing-I cant find Ted for three days. Where is he?-HeBeijing for a meeting.A. has been toB. has gone toC. have been toD. have gone to30. TheyEngland and they will be back next week.A. have gone toB. have been toC. have gone inD. hasbeen on31. you to Nanhu Park a week ago?Yes. We had a good time there.A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Did; went32. I the book club last week and I two books already.A. join; read B. joined; read C. joined; have read D. join; has read33. Summer holiday is coming. What are you going to do?