选项学习注意事项 (2)

1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestorsReading: Language points 1. alternative n something that you can choose to do or use instead of something else 替换物 There are some alternatives to our plan. 有几种方案可以代替我们的计划。Explanation2. You must be aware that its here that weve found evidence of some of the earliest peopl

2、e who lived in this part of the world. 想必你们知道, 正是在这儿我们找到 了居住在世界这个部分最早人类的证据。 He had no alternative but to go there alone. 他别无选择, 只好一个人去那儿。 a. You must be aware that主句后接由强调句和定语从句组成的宾语从句。 must是作为情态动词表示肯定推测, 译作“一 定, 肯定”。只用于肯定推测。 对现在或将来事实推测，用 “must do”。 You must be hungry after a long walk 走了很长的路, 你一定很饿。

3、 对正发生或进行的事进行推测, 用“must be doing”。 The light is on. He must be doing his homework now 灯亮着, 他一定正在做作业。 对过去的事进行推测, 用“must have done”。 The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是湿的, 昨晚一定下雨了。 此时, 应注意反意疑问句的构成。如果句中有表示过去的时间状语, 反意疑问句用“didnt+主语”; 如果句中无表示过去的时间状语, 反义疑问句用 “havent/hasnt+主语”。 He must have

4、 arrived here last night, didnt he? 他一定昨晚就来这儿了, 不是吗? He must have arrived here, hasnt he? 他一定来这儿了, 不是吗? b. aware adj意识到的, 知道的。通常用作表语。 We should be aware that a lot of animals are becoming endangered 我们必须清楚地认识到许多动物正濒临灭绝的危险。 be aware of sth. 知道；意识到 Though most smokers are aware of the dangers of smoki

5、ng, they wont given up. c. its here that weve 是强调句,其基本句式是It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。 It was your mother whom I met in the street 我在街上碰到的是你的母亲。 It was in the street that I met your mother. 我是在街上碰到你母亲的。 It was she who had been wrong. 错的是她。 It is what you do rather than wha

6、t you say _ matters. (2005天津高考) A. that B. what C. which D. this 本题强调主语, 此时应用that来引导。 d. “Who lived in this part of the world”是定语从句修饰先行词 people。people在定语从句作主语, 故用关系代词who来引导定语从句。3. Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? 很抱歉打扰你, 我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？ 句型“Im sorry.but.”是口语中委婉的表达, “but”表示语义上的

7、转折。 Are you free this weekend? Im sorry, but l have lots of work to do - 周末有空吗? - 对不起, 我有大量的事要做。2) 打岔; 插嘴It is rude to interrupt. “Dont interrupt,” he said.1)阻断, 中断 His studies were interrupted by the war Dont interrupt him, for he hasnt finished yet. interrupt v. 打扰，打断，阻碍。常有 “使停止(中断)”的意思。His speech

8、 was constantly interrupted by applause. disturb v. 打扰, 妨碍。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生。Bad dreams disturbed her sleep.区别: interrupt 和disturb4. We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and ornaments. 我们在山的比较高的洞穴里发现了动物和人类的骨头以及工具和装饰品。as well as 1) conj. as well as 可

9、以用来连接两个相同的成分, 如名词, 形容词, 动词, 介词, 通常不位于句首。意为“不但.而且”。2) prep. 相当于besides, in addition to，意为“除.之外”, 后面通常接名词或动词。As well as eating five course meals, they drank two bottles of wine.She sings as well as playing the piano. Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance. 5. So we think it is reasonable t

10、o assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold 因此我们有理由认为他们不顾寒冷住在这些洞穴里。regardless of the cold 不顾寒冷 assume vt. 1) to think that something is true although you have no proof of it 假定： 设想 The scientists assume that there are no animals on the moon 科学家设想月球上没有动物。 2) to pretend 装作 She assumed a

11、 look of surprise 她装出一副吃惊的样子。 6. regardless of prep. 1) without being affected by different situations, problems, etc. 不管; 不顾 He climbed the building, regardless of the danger 不管有多危险, 他还是爬上了大厦。 2) in spite of We will persevere regardless of past failures. 尽管以前我们失败过, 但仍要坚持下去。 7. cut up: The worker cu

12、t up the wood. 工人将木头劈碎。cut something into small pieces 切碎 8. That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and scared wild animals away as well. 他们用这火取暖、做饭, 还能用火吓跑野兽。 1) would 表示猜测, 译为“想必”、“肯定会”。2) keep them warm为keep+宾语+宾语补足语的结构意为 “使.处于某种状态（情况）”。用作宾语补足语常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。 He kept me wait

13、ing for half an hour. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 9. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰, 几乎有六米厚, 这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。 a. “have been excavating”是现在完成进行时, 表示从过去开始一直延续到现在, 强调动作的继续。 I

14、 have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still havent found it 我已经找了三天我丢的书, 但仍没找到。 b. 句中 “ which” 用来引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为其前的句子。 c. suggest vt. to make evident indirectly; imply 意为“暗示, 意味, 表明” Her pale face suggests that she was ill. 她苍白的脸色表明她病了。 The handwriting of the letter suggests tha

15、t the letter might be from a lady 从书信的字体上看, 写信人是一位女性。A silence that suggested disapproval.沉默暗示着反对。His face suggest she is happy now 从他脸上能看出他现在很幸福。His bad manners suggest a lack of family education他的无礼反映了他缺乏家教。 但当suggest作“建议”讲时, 其用法为: (+doing) I suggest her going home at once 我建议她马上回家。 +(that) should

16、 doI suggested (that) she (should) go home at once我建议她要马上回家。-How do you _we go to Beijing for our holidays?-I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable. (2004福建高考)A. insist B. wantC. suppose D. suggest A: 你姐姐上哪儿去了? 聚会时我没见到她。 B: 她可能和朋友游泳去了。 d. might have doneA: Where was your sister? I di

17、dnt see her at the partyB: She might have gone swimming with some friends10. Yes and so well preserved还保存得如此完好。这是省略的句子, 完整句应是: and it is so well preserved (it指necklace) 11. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake 确实, 正如植物学分析具体显示给我们的那样, 附近所有的土地都曾是大型浅湖的一部分。 a. as引导的非限制性定语从句常译作“正如 那样”。 As the proverb goes, “The enemy in disguise is just like the wolf in sheeps clothing.” 正如谚语所说的那样, 伪装的敌人就像是披着羊皮的狼。 b. part 前无 adj. 修饰时为不可数名词, 前面不用冠词；其前有adj. 修饰时为可数名