非谓语动词讲解和练习

1、 非谓语动词一、非谓语动词：在句中不单独作谓语的动词叫非谓语动词。例：Helikestoreadthenovel.Heenjoyedtravelingaroundworld.JohnmadeTomgowithhim.解析：英语的单句中，可能有两个动词，动词2根据动词1的而变化。而我们看到的动词2，及（todo,doing,done等形式，就是非谓语动词）单句中的动词1与动词2，动词1是谓语，有各种时态、语态、语气的变化动词2根据动词1而变化例:Hewantedtodothat.Iamenjoyingseeingthefilm.Letusgo!二、非谓语动词的种类不定式todo有还没有做的含义.

2、动名词doing表示抽象的名词意义现在分词doing表示主动或进行的意义.过去分词done表示被动或完成的意义.考点分析：非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容，主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事spend.doingsth.花费做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做imaginesb.doingsth.想象做某事canthelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事只加ving的词2、介词+doing常考介词:at,in,on，of,of

3、f,for,from,up,about,without（1）动名词：动词+doing介词+doing1、只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习，错过建议保持介意值得考虑（押韵）missdoingsth.错过做某事suggestdoingsth.建议做某事keep(on)doingsth.保持（继续）做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事considerdoingsth.考虑做某事begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣insistondoing坚持做某事beu

4、sedfordoingsth.被用来做某事thanksb.fordoingsth.谢谢某人做某事betiredofdoingsth.厌烦做某事beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事putoffdoing推迟做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事withoutdoingsth.没有做某事thinkaboutdoingsth.考虑做某事What/Howaboutdoing做某事怎么样？，to等等注意：此to非彼to（介词+doing）lookforwardtodoingsth.（盼望）payattentiontodoingst

5、h.（注意）beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于）preferdoingsthtodoingsth.（更喜欢）devotetodoingsth（致力于）makeacontributiontodoing（做贝献）小试牛刀NowmoreandmorepeoplearebusyabouttheInternet.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned-ltstoohot.Wouldyoumindthedoor?-.Pleasedoit.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodi

6、deaNomatterhowharditis,wellkeepuntilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.tryingAreyouenjoyinginNingbo?Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.livedWecouldnthelp(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystoryA.tolaughB.laughingC.laughsD.laughed(2)动词不定式：1、只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事decidetodosth.决定做某事want/w

7、ouldliketodosth.想做某事plantodosth.计划做某needtodosth.需要做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事affordtodo能做某事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事cantwaittodo迫不及待地要做某事makeuponesmindtodo下决心做某事usedtodo过去常常做某事failtodo未能做某事请求与命令asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事2、接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀:想要邀请期待鼓励与建议wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事ex

8、pectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事答应告诫允许提醒和帮助promisesb.todo答应某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事3、省略to的情况：使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/hear,listento/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,noticehadbetter(not

9、)dosth.最好(不)做whynot/whydontyoudosth为什么不做？helpsb.(to)dosthWouldrather宁愿做wouldyouplease情态动词+do助动词+do感官动词+doing/do感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性例如：Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调我看见了这个事实）Isawhimworkinginthegardenyes

10、terday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调我见他正干活这个动作）典型例题1）Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenherupfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用seesbdosth的句型2）Themissingboywaslastseenneartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay答案A.本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用seesb.doingsth句型。牛刀小试Mymoth

11、eroftenasksmesomecleaningonSundaysAdoB.doesC.didD.todo-DoyouoftenhearJohninhisroom?-Listen!Nowwecanhearhiminhisroom.A.sing,tosingB.sing,singC.sing,singingD.tosing,singingIwatchedherinthenextroomlastnight.A.dancingB.todanceC.dancesD.danceLetsswimmingaftertheexam.A.goB.goesC.togoD.wentYoudbetterabus.A

12、.tocatchB.catchC.catchesD.catching特殊词精讲tododoingrememberforger（do在后）要做（do在前）做过stopgoon（两个字）两件事（一个字）一件事likehatelove一次性长期try尽力做尝试做startbegin一样一样1）rememberdoing/todoremembertodo记得去做某事（未做）rememberdoing记得做过某事（已做）例如：Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.记着放学后去趟邮局。Dontyourememberseeingthemanbefore?你不记得以前见

13、过那个人吗？2）forgetdoing/todoforgettodo忘记要去做某事。（未做）forgetdoing忘记做过某事。（已做）例如：Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.（没有做关灯的动作）Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）典型例题Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Oh，Iforgot_.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff答案：C。由thelightisstil

14、lon可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forgettodosth.而forgetdoingsth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。regretdoing/todoregrettodo对要做的事遗憾。(未做)regretdoing对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)例如：Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochoice.我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。IdontregrettellingherwhatIthought.我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。典型例题Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemee

15、ting.Well,nowIregret_that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone答案：D。regrethavingdonesth.对已发生的事感到遗憾。regrettodosth.对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。ceasedoing/todoceasetodo长时间，甚至永远停做某事。ceasedoing短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。例如：Thatdepartmenthasceasedtoexistforever.那个部门已不复存在。Thegirlsceasedchattingforamomentwhenthei

16、rteacherpassedby.姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。stopdoing/todostoptodo停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stopdoing停止做某事。例如：Theystoptosmokeacigarette.他们停下来，抽了根烟。Imuststopsmoking.我必须戒烟了。典型例题：Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择stop

17、todosth.停下来去做另一件事。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stopdoingsth.不正确。goondoing/todogoontodo做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。goondoing继续做原来做的事。例如：Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodohisphysics.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。trydoing/todotrytodo努力，企图做某事。trydoing试验，试着做某事。例如：Youmusttrytobemorecareful.你可要多加小心。Itriedgardeningbutdidntsucceed.我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。

18、beafraiddoing/todobeafraidtodo不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为怕；beafraidofdoing担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。例如：Shewasafraidtostepfurtheringrassbecauseshewasafraidofbeingbittenbyasnake.她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。Shewasafraidtowakeherhusband.她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。Shewasafraidofwakingherhusband.她生怕吵醒她丈夫。meantodoing/todo

19、meantodo打算、想meandoing意味着例如：Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。Toraisewagemeansincreasingpurchasingpower.赠加工资意味着增加购买力。课时训练1、用括号中动词的适当形式填空(fish)ismyfavouritesport.Ioften(fish)forhourswithout(catch)anything.Butthisdoesntworryme.Someofthefishermen(be)unlucky.lnsteadof(catch)fish,theyc

20、atcholdshoes.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanythingnotevenoldshoes.After(spend)wholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag,“Youmustgiveup(fish)!”Myendssay.Itsawasteoftime.”Butheydontknowoneimportantthing.lmnotreallyinterestedin(fish).Imonlyinterestedin(sit)inaboatanddo)nothingatall.2、拓展精练Marti

21、nlookssowell.Weveneverseenhim_A.islookedB.islookingC.tolookMyfatherhasdecidedbecausesmokingisbadforhishealth.A.tostoptosmokeB.tostopsmokingItiskindmetocarrythesebooks.A.ofyouhelpingB.foryoutohelp4Wouldyoulikesomebreadorbiscuits?Nothanks.IdontfeelljkeanythingA.tohave,eatingB.tohave,toeat5.Doyourememb

22、erme,Tom?sowellbefore.D.lookC.stoppingsmokingD.stoptosmokeC.ofyoutohelpD.foryouhelpingnow.C.having,toeatD.having,eatingAh,yes,IrememberedyouinJUSCOlastyear.A.seeB.seesC.toseeD.seeingWeareinterestedintoswim.A.studyB.studyingC.learnD.learningMygrandfatherwantsaroundtheworldbecauseheenjoys_A.traveling,

23、seeingB.totravel,toseeJackgivesmeapieceofpaper.A.towriteB.towriteonC.towriteatLetsmakeafireourselvesup.A.towarmB.warmingWhenIwaswalkinginthefield,IsawaplaneA.flewB.fliesTheoldmenenjoyA.listenB.tolistenMysisterisinterestedinA.watchTVLetmeyouA.tohelp,waterIsawhim_A.wentHeisgoodatA.singingnewplaces.C.t

24、otravel,seeingD.towriteinD.warmedD.traveling,toseeC.warm_overmyhead.C.flyingD.flingtothesingingofthebirdsinthepark.D.tolisteningC.listeninginherfreetime.B.readingbookstheflowers.B.helping，wateringintothesmallstore.B.goingC.togoB.singC.singsC.listeningmusicD.playsbasketballC.help，waterD.hasgoneD.tosi

25、ngD.tohelp，towater根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Isitnecessary(learn)aforeignIanguage?Heisgoodat(swim).Doyouhaveanything(say)foryourself?Itsspringnow.Itstime(plant)trees.Dontkeepme(wait)foralongtime.Thepolicemantoldtheboysnot(play)inthestreet.Hersonistooyoung(dress)himself.Theice(cover)withsnowisdangeroustowalko

26、n.Chinadoesntwant(copy)theUSAsexample.Lets(have)arest,shallwe?Thespeakerspoketooquicklyforus(understand).Thebookseemseasy(read).Iaskedhim(show)mehisnewpen.A(break)carisparkedatthecorneroftheroad.Knivesareusedfor(cut)things.Whatshis(give)name,doyouknow?Ireallydontknowwhat(do)next.Ioftenhearpeople(say

27、)“(see)is(believe)Youdbetter(try)thismedicine.Theysaidtheyhadnothing(worry)about.Canyoufinish(read)thebookinthreedays?Ihavebeenbusyallthesedays.Ireallywant(relax)myself.Thedoctorwasbusy(operate)ontheboyatthattime.Maryopenedthedoorforhim(come)in.(tell)youthetruth,Idislikemakingfriendswithhim.Hiswishw

28、as(become)adoctor.Stop(talk)andlistentomecarefully.Thankyouverymuchfor(help)us.Grannyisveryillandshedoesntfeellike(eat)anything.Wouldyoulike(climb)themountainwithme?Thegirlenjoys(listen)tolightmusic.Doyouremember(buy)meabeautifulskirtonmy13thbirthday?Whichofthefollowingthingswouldyoulike(own)?Wecoul

29、dnthelp(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystory.Whatabout(go)outforawalk?Theboywastooshort(reach)thetoyonthedesk.Ifoundaman(lock)thedoorwhenIpassedby.Iwaswrong(speak)toheraboutit.(be)honest,Ijustdontlikehim.MrFangpromised(provide)somehelptothevillageschool.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。1.Sometimeswefindherdrive）

30、thetractoronthefarm.LiLeiisaskinghisuncle,anEnglishteacher,help）himthinkofaforeignname.Hi!LiHong.Ididntseeyouattheparty.Oh,Iwasbusy4.Theoldmenenjoy5.Thegirlget）readyforthecomingexams.listen）tothesingingofthebirdsinthepark.stand）underthetreeismycousinKate.Books（write）ineasyEnglishareverypopularamongC

31、hinesemiddleschoolstudents.Whydidyoukeepyourbrother（wait）foralongtimethatevening?Ifoundthedoor（close）whenIgothome.Whentheymetagain,theyweretooexcited（say）aword.Throughthewindow,Isawsomeboys（play）basketball.Hedidntfinish（_write）thebookuntillastweek.Howlongdidittakeyou（do）yourhomeworkyesterday?Aboutha

32、lfanhour.Letme（help）you（water）theflowers.Mywatchdoesntwork.Itneeds（repair）.（take）goodcareofthevegetables,andtheywillgrowbetter.Howmuchtimedidyouspend（watch）TVlastnight?Iprefer（read）booksathomeratherthan（go）shoppingonSundays.Itsgoing（_rain）;youdbetter（take）anumbrellawithyou.Ioftenhearpeople（say）“（see）is（believe）”.Thoughheoftenmadehisdeskmate（cry）,todayhewasmade（cry）byhisdeskmate.（repair）myTVsetcostme100yuan.Thereareanumberofstudent