四级翻译考点

1、四级翻译考点一、固定搭配1.have difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困难2.look forward to doing sth 期望做某事3.ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事4.keep/catch up with 赶上、追上5.be (more) likely to (更)可能6.be related to 与相关7.lack of sth 缺乏be concerned about 关心decide to do = make up ones mind to do 打算做某事focus on= concentrate on 集中留意力thanks to=

2、due to 多亏be measured by 用来衡量的make sacrifice 作出牺牲take sth into account/consideration 将考虑在内adapt to 适应have a lot in common 有很多共同之处let alone to do= not to mention do 更不用说做某事18.realise = be conscious/aware of 意识到 19 pared to/with 与相比20.make comment on 评论例：1.Because of noise outside,Nancy had great diffi

3、culty (in) focusing on the experiment.(集中留意力在试验上)The finding of this study failed to take peoples sleeping quality into consideration/account. (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).The more exercise you take, the less likely you are to catch a cold. (你越不大可能感冒)二、被动语态例：1.The significant museum is said to have been built据说建成

4、于 about a hundred years ago.考点解释此题重点考察：被动语态。主语museum 与动词 build 之间为被动关系； 且 bulid 这一动作发生在过去。据说 be said to；be said to+动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。2. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measuredby how much they can borrow 是( 用他们能够借到多少来衡量的)，not howmuch they can earn.三、倒装句重复倒装句型，用在以 s

5、o, nor, neither 开头，表示谓语所述的状况也适用于另一个人或一事物确实定或否认句中。so 用于确定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither 用于否认句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。在以 never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom 等否认副词开头的句子中，承受局部倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。用于以 only 所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。as 引导让步状语从句时要倒装形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语。例：1. The manager never laughed;neit

6、her had she lost her temper. (她也从来没有发过脾气)。2.Not until he had finished/completed the mission 直( he realize that he was seriously ill.到他完成使命) did四、虚拟语气三种根本形态表虚拟的时间 if 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式现在： did / were would (should, might, could)+do过 去 ： haddone/hadbeenwould(should/might/could)+have done(been)将来： were to/ s

7、hould+do would (should, might, could)+do英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist( 坚决要求) ,order, propose, request, suggest(建议) 表示恳求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的构造为：(should) + 原形动词。例：1. It is suggested that the air conditioner (should) be installed by the window.(要安装在窗户旁边)You would not

8、 have failed if you had followed my orders.( 依据我的指令去做)Youd better take a sweater with youin case itshouldturn(s) cold或 lest it (should) get cold. (以防天气变冷)The victim would have had a chance to survive 或 would havesurvived (原来会有时机活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 5.If it had not been for

9、your timely help 或 Had it not been for your timely help 或 Without your timely help 或 But for your timely help(要不是你们准时帮助 ),we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment within such a short period of time.五、各种从句What most parents are concerned about或 What concerns mostparents(大多数父母所关心的) is providing the

10、best education possible for their children.(主语从句)I am going to pursue this course, no matter what sacrifice I am going to make/ whatever sacrifice I will make/ no matter how much I would sacrifice. (无论我要作出什么样的牺牲) 状语从句 Compared with the place where I grew up与( 我成长的地方相比)，this town is more prosperous and exciting. (非谓语动词过去分词作状语)Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is conveninent for you.(假设你便利的话