初中英语形容词和副词(共51张)课件

1、形容词与副词形容词与副词形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.什么叫形容词?形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。什么叫eg: 1.He is a good student.2. She is a beautiful girl.3. I have a clever pet dog.作定语1.)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序直接放名词或代词前面eg: 作定语1.)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序 有时，一个名词前出现有多

2、个形容词作定语，这时，它们的顺序一般须根据它们与被修饰的中心词之间关系的密切程度而定。在通常情况下，它们的顺序为大致遵循以下原则： 限定词描绘形容词大小(长短高低)形容词形状形容词年龄(新旧)形容词颜色形容词国籍形容词材料形容词用途(类别)形容词名词Eg: I bought a nice(好看的) small(小小的) round(圆形的) new(新的) yellow(黄色的) French (法国产的) oak(橡木做的) writing desk(写字台). 2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序例题：1） Tony is going camping with _ boys. A.little

3、 two otherB. two little other C.two other little D.little other two2)One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old答案点拨：C 由限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。答案点拨A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：

4、年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。例题：答案点拨：C 由限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，3) - How was your recent visit to Qingdao?- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the _days at the seaside.A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last答案点拨：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，

5、音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表：限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 those + three + beautiful + large + squareold + brown + wood + table 3) - How was your recent vi4）.The house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years.A. Little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white woode

6、n little D. wooden white little5）. Students are required to take part in the boat race.A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten ChineseAA4）.The house smells a当形容词修饰由something/somebody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybod

7、y等不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后. e.g.1.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?2. I have something important to tell you.3.)修饰不定代词时常后置 “不形”当形容词修饰由something/somebody, any例题：1. Sam is hungry, hed like to eat _delicious.A. some B. any C. something D. somewhere 2. Dont worry. There is _ about your il

8、lness.serious something B. anything serious C. nothing serious D. some thingThere is _ in todays newspaper. Its boring. A. something new B. interesting new C. nothing new D. new nothing -Who can help us? -_. well do it ourselvesA. Everyone else B. Else everyone C. Nobody else D. Else nobody要点：不定代词修饰

9、形容词， 位置为“不形”CCCC例题：CCCCThe trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？alone afraid awake asleep alive able作表语The trees turn green in spring 所谓表语形容词即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这类形容词常见的有：1.某些以a-开头的形容词：afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的 ashamed 羞愧的asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的Dont

10、 be afraid. 别怕。Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他形容词：误：an asleep child, an ashamed girl, an alive poet正：a sleeping child, a shy girl, a living poet 所谓表语形容词即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于2.某些表示健康的形容词：fine 健康的 ill有病的well身体健康的“Hows your wife?” “Shes fine, thank

11、you.” “你妻子好吗?”“她很好，谢谢。”He was ill and couldnt come. 他病了，所以不能来。【注】在美国英语中，表示健康状况的ill和well 有时也用作定语。另外，以上词语若不是表示以上意思，则可用作定语：fine weather 好天气，ill news 坏消息2.某些表示健康的形容词：fine 健康的 3.某些描述感觉或心情的形容词：glad 高兴的 pleased 高兴的 sorry 难过的Im glad to hear that. 听到这消息我很高兴。You will be sorry about this later. 对这件事你以后会后悔的。We

12、are very pleased with the plan. 我们对这个计划很满意。【注】若用于其他意思，则可用作定语，如 glad 表示“(感到)高兴的”时，只用作表语；若表示“令人高兴的”，则只用作定语(glad news 好消息)。3.某些描述感觉或心情的形容词：glad 高兴的 4.其他表语形容词：certain 确信的，一定的 sure 确信的，一定的 fond 喜欢的，温柔的 ready 准备好的，愿意的 unable 不能的Im certain sure he will come. 我确信他会来。 He is fond of music. 他喜欢音乐。We are ready

13、to do it. 我们已准备好做这事。【注】若用于其他意义，有的也可用作定语，如 certain表示“某”时，只能用作定语：a certain person 某人。4.其他表语形容词：certain 确信的，一定的 某些动词如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语有的已构成固定词组。作宾语补足语 某些动词如make，paint，keep，fin可用到的形容词有:happy，pleased，surprised，angry，annoyed，sad，upset，unhapp

14、y，worried，anxious，excited，relaxed，stressed out，tense，calm，scared，comfortable，sick 可用到的形容词有:happy，pleased，surpeg.1. Do you like your tea weak or strong? 你喜欢把茶泡浓一点还是淡一点？ 2.You must keep the classroom clean 你应保持教室清洁。 3.The boy was beaten black and blue 男孩被打得青一块紫一块。 4.He made us happy. 5.Colour it green

15、.eg.1. Do you like your tea wea形容词的构成形容词的构成形容词的构成通常有: forgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful colour -colourful1、+ful形容词的构成通常有: forgetforgetful 2、edexciteexcited worryworried surprisesurprised closeclosedfeatherfeathered interestinterested frig

16、htenfrightened 2、edexciteexcited 3、+inginterestinteresting exciteexciting surprisesurprising followfollowing3、+inginterestinteresting sunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词sunsunny snowsnowy 4、+y 所wool-woolen wood-wooden5、+ en6、+ern (东西南北)east-eastern wes

17、t-western south-southern north-northernwool-woolen wood-wooden5、+ e7.由“名词+ly”构成friendly, daily, weekly, silly lively, lonely, lovely 7.由“名词+ly”构成7.复合形容词（1）形容词v-ing，同“系表结构” a good-looking boy a boy who looks good 相貌好看的男孩 an ordinary-looking man 相貌平常的人 nice-smelling flowers 香气扑鼻的花 （2）副词过去分词，同“被动的定语从句”

18、 a well-written novel a novel that is well written 写得好的小说best-housed people 居住条件最好的人 a newly-published article 新发表的文章 7.复合形容词（1）形容词v-ing，同“系表结构” （3）形容词带ed后缀的名词 an ill-tempered m an a m an whose temper is ill 脾气坏的人 short-sighted students students with short sight 近视的学生 sweet-tempered 性情温和的 tender-hea

19、rted 软心肠的 （4）名词形容词，名词如同状语，修饰形容词 an apple-green shirt a shirt being as green as apple苹果绿衬衫 snow-white walls 雪白的墙 a piece of sky-blue cloth 一块天蓝色的布 （3）形容词带ed后缀的名词 Lets fill in the blanks, 形容词的比较级和最高级构成和用法Lets fill in the blanks, 形容词的Lets fill in the blanks, 形容词的比较等级构成， 有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级。 Lets fill in t

20、he blanks, Lets fill in the blanks, 形容词的比较级和最高级构成规则变化不规则变化Lets fill in the blanks, 形容词的taller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult m

21、ore popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est规则变化taller harder larger wider talbetter bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest不规则变化巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远better bestworseworstless m

22、ore但有少数几个形容词无比较级和最高级。如：excellent, wonderful, favorite等。比较级前有时有一个表示程度的词或短语。常见有：a little, much, a lot, still, even, some, any, far等。例如：1）My shirt is much cheaper than yours. 我的衬衫比你的便宜。2）Lesson 3 is very difficult, but Lesson 5 is even more difficult. 第3课很难，但是第5课更难。但有少数几个形容词无比较级和最高级。如：excellent,注意：在含有形

23、容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复，我们常常用that, those来代替前面的词。例如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs.注意：在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避形容词原级的常用句型Tom is as tall as Mike.as+形容词原形+asThere are as many students in our school as yours. 否定 no

24、t as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样” 或 not so+形容词原形+as “不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.形容词原级的常用句型Tom is as tall as MiThis truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. so+ 形容词原级+that丛句 such+名词that丛句He is so big that he cant enter the room bythe door . too+原级+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 形容词原级+ enough to do

25、 sth. 形容词原级的常用句型This truck is big enough to ca1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than Tom is taller than John2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English?3、能修饰比较级的副词及短：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit/alittle(一点儿)This city is much more beautiful than that one Today is even hotter than

26、yesterday.形容词比较级的常用句型1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than形容词比较级的4、 is the +比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older than his brother.6、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热7、The + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越，就越” The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more yo

27、u eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖4、 is the +比较级 + of the two.1.one of the+最高级+名词复数形容词最高级的常用句型2.最高级+of (in)(三者及以上范围的)3.This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从句Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. This is the worst film that I have seen these years.Of all the movie stars, I think Z

28、hang Ziyi is the best. 1.one of the+最高级+名词复数形容词最高级的常形容词最高级的常用句型5.、the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/ofThe Yellow River is the second longest river in China4、Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ? Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?形容词最高级的常用句型5.、the + 序数词 + 最高级 注意：最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。例如：Which is th

29、e first most useful invention? 哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词the。例如：Yesterday was my busiest day. 昨天是我最忙碌的一天。中考英语专项复习形容词和副词注意：中考英语专项复习形容词和副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。e.g. 什么叫副词?very, early, out, soon, quickly, 等等.用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或什么叫副词?very,副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：1、时间和频度副词：now

30、, then, often, always, early, today, already, soon, ago, yesterday等.2、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等.3、方式副词：carefully, politely, fast, well, extremely, anxiously等.中考英语专项复习形容词和副词副词的种类副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：中考英语专项4、程度副词：much, little, very, rather, too, rath

31、er, almost, so等.5、疑问副词：how, where, when, why（放在特殊疑问句前）6、关系副词：when, where, why（通常引导宾语从句）7、连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether（通常引导定语从句）中考英语专项复习形容词和副词副词的种类4、程度副词：much, little, very, rat五、副词的比较等级构成和用法1、副词的比较等级构成。有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级。中考英语专项复习形容词和副词五、副词的比较等级构成和用法中考英语专项复习形容词和副词2）不规则变化中考英语专项复习形容词和副词2）不规则变化中考英语

32、专项复习形容词和副词 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g. 形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.AttentionsMount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.fast-faster-fastestslowly- more slowly most slowly 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的注意：1、副词very可以修饰形容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。例如： This flower is very beautiful. I like English