虚拟语气用法讲解课件

TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气GrammarHehas…Daydreaming……英语中的三种语气陈述语气：用于陈述事实。祈使语气：用于提出请求、命令等。虚拟语气：①表示说话人说的不是事实而是一种假设、猜想等。②表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等。一.虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。（1）真实条件句：假设的情况是有可能发生的。Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.（2）虚拟条件句：假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来都不可能发生的。Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.IfI

had

alotofmoney

I

would

buyavilla.1.如果我是只鸟，我就能在天上飞了。

IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.2.IfI______(有)aknife，I___________(就杀了)you。hadwouldkill2.与将来事实相反或将来的愿望推测从句----did/should+do/weretodo主句-----should/would/could/might+do

Ifhe

got

upearly,

he

wouldbe

ontime.Ifhe__________morecarefully,he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

二：交叉虚拟主从句动作发生的时间不同时，按时间来确定虚拟形式。Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.当If条件句中有were,had,should这三个助动词时，可将If省略，从而将这三个助动词放到句首。without和butfor构成虚拟。(butfor要不是)Withoutsunlight,people’s

life

wouldbe

difficult.Butforyourhelp,I

wouldn’thavefinished

thework.

otherwise,or,orelse等的虚拟用法Shewasn’tfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldn’thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.高考链接：Jackcan’thavearrivedyet,otherwisehe_____me.

wouldphoned B.phonedC.wouldhavephoned D.hadphoned三、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法A.用于宾语从句

wish

+宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might/should+V.Would/hadrather(not)havedonesth宁愿过去（没）做了某事一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求：demand,require,request,desire从句谓语动词使用“（should）+V原形”主句的主语如果是表示说话人的愿望（wish/desire）建议（suggestion/advice/proposal）要求（requirement/demand）命令（order/command）等名词，表语从句谓语动词用“（should）+V原形”Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)bethereontime.Thesuggestionthatstudents(should)learnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.在句型“It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/vital+that……”从句的动词要用虚拟，即使用(should)+动词原形

虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.在asif/though引导的从句中，若表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。虚拟语气在asif/though从句中的使用Shelookedaftertheboyasifhewereherownson.用于Ifonly引导的感叹句（用法同wish）ifonly通常独立使用，没有主句。

IfonlyIwererich.IfonlyIhadlistenedtomyparents!Ifonlyshewouldgowithme!在句型“It’samazing/strange/surprising/astonishing/ashamethat……”以及“I’msurprised,I’msorry/Iregret+that