考研考博-英语-上海中医药大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海中医药大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Manyrapecrisisandbatteredwomen’sprogramsalsohaveeducationalcomponentsfocusingonyouth.However,mostoftheseapproachesdependuponindividualclasspresentationswithoutensuringotheraspectsofnecessary（

）support,includingthoroughstafftraining,supportiveservicesformaleandfemalevictims,andrehabilitativeanddisciplinaryprogramsforabusers.

问题1选项

A.stylized

B.dogmatized

C.formalized

D.institutionalized

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项stylized“非写实的；程式化的”；B选项dogmatized“武断的”；C选项formalized“形式化的；正式的”；D选项institutionalized“约定俗成的；使成惯例的”句意：许多强奸危机和受虐妇女项目也有针对青年的教育内容。然而，这些方法大多依赖于个别的课堂报告，而没有确保其他方面的必要的……的支持，包括彻底的工作人员培训、对男女受害者的支持服务、对施虐者的康复和纪律方案。由句意判断可知缺少制度化的支持，D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Inthe（

）ofrecentincidents,weaskingourcustomerstotakeparticularcareoftheirbelongings.

问题1选项

A.evidence

B.company

C.light

D.form

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。inthelightof“根据，按照，由于，鉴于”。句意：“鉴于最近发生的事件，我们要求顾客注意保管好自己的财物”。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Thedoctorprescribedaplaceboforthe（

）imaginarydisease.

问题1选项

A.agoraphobic’s

B.intern’s

C.hypochondriac’s

D.psychotic’s

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项agoraphobic“恐旷症患者”；B选项intern“实习生”；C选项hypochondriac“疑病患者；忧郁症患者”；D选项psychotic“精神病患者”。句意：医生给······这种假想的疾病开了安慰剂。“假想的疾病”符合“疑病患者”特征，因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Itisregrettablethatstudentsdonot（

）theirstudentloansandtherebymakeitmoreproblematicforfuturegenerationsofstudentstoobtainthem.

问题1选项

A.reimburse

B.refurbish

C.relinquish

D.recount

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。reimburse偿还，归还；refurbish再磨光，刷新；relinquish放弃，弃绝；recount详述，重新计算。句意：令人遗憾的是，学生没有偿还他们的助学贷款，以致于后来的学生在助学贷款的申请上面临更大的问题。根据therebymakeitmoreproblematicforfuturegenerationsofstudentstoobtainthem.可知A项最符合题意。

5.单选题

Chinawilllowerthe（）forforeignerstocometothecountryandstreamlineproceduresforthemtoinvestandstartbusinessesinChina.

问题1选项

A.measure

B.threshold

C.permit

D.statute

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项measure表示“测量，措施，程度”，B选项threshold表示“入口，门槛，开始”，C选项permit表示“许可证，执照”，D选项statute表示“法规，法令，条例”。由后文的关键信息“streamlineproceduresforthemtoinvestandstartbusinessesinChina”可知，中国会简化外国人在中国投资和创业的程序，说明中国将会降低外国人来中国的门槛。由此可知，本题正确答案为B选项。

6.单选题

The100AkerWoodmaylooklikeadark,forbiddingplacethesedaysforMichaelD.Eisner.That’swhereWinniethePooh，Piglet，andEeyorelive,andthecartooncharacters—whichrepresentatleast$1billionayearinrevenuesforEisner’sWaltDisneyCo.—areinfullrevolt.A12-years-oldlawsuit,sealedinaLosAngelescourtuntilJanuary,hascometolight,andaseriesofcourtrulingsthreatenthemediagiantwithhundredsofmillionsinoverduelicensepaymentsandpossiblythelossofoneofitsmostlucrativeproperties.

HowlargeahitDisneywilltakeisstillindispute.Disneyisappealingtworulings,includingoneallegingthatcompanyexecutivesknowinglydestroyedimportantpapersrelatedtoitslicensingdeals.ThePoohaffairmayseemminoratatimewhenEisnerisunderattackforDisney’schronicallyweakstockpriceandABC’sanemicratings,buttheDisneychairmanhardlyneedsmorejostlingfromaSillyOldBear.What’smore,theimpactcouldbesignificant.AfteracknowledgingtotheSecuritiesExchangeCommissiononAug.9that“damagescouldtotalasmuchasseveralhundredmilliondollars”orthelossofthelicensingagreement,Disneywashitwithnewshareholderlawsuits.

Disneywantstokeepitsgriponthatbearandhishoneyjar.PoohisDisney’ssinglelargestproperty,saysMartinBrocksteinexecutiveeditorofTheLicensingLetter.Thataddsuptoabout$100millioninoperatingearningsfromroyaltiesonPoohT-shirts,backpacks,andothermerchandise?FiguresGerardKlauerMatheson&Co.analystJeffreyLogsdon.Lastyear,Disneypaid$352milliontoonepairofheirsofWinnie-the-PoohauthorA.A.Milne.ButthefamilyofStephenA.Slesinger,aNewYorkliteraryagentwhoboughttheU.S.rightsin1930，saysDisneyowesthem$200milliononlicensesforT-shirtsandothermerchandiseandhascutthementirelyoutofthelucrativevideocassetteandDVDarena.HeadedbyShirleySlesingerLasswell,an80-year-oldwidowwhotravelswithaWinnie-the-Poohbeareverywhere,thefamilycontendsitisowedcloseto$1billion,sayitslawyers.Disney,whichsaysitpaystheSlesingers$12millionayear,insiststhe$1billionfigureisapublicitystunt.“The1930contractsaystheygetroyaltiesonmerchandisealone,notallexploitation,”saysDisneyattorneyDanielJ.Petrocelli.

TheSlesingersalsochargethatDisneylostdocumentsrelatedtomerchandisesalesanddestroyedothersthatextendedtheaccordtoDVDsandvideotapes.OnJune18，LosAngelesSuperiorCourtJudgeErnestM.HiroshigerejectedtheauditbyaforensicaccountanthethoughtundulyfavoredDisneyandfoundthatDisney“misusedthediscoveryprocess”byhidingthefactthatitdestroyeddocumentsthatmighthaveexpandedthelicensingagreementtotapesandDVDs.

Absentthosedocuments—whichincludethepapersofthelateDisneyConsumerProductschiefVincentJefferds—thecasemayhingeonthe“mommymemo.”Thatmemo,writtenin1983bySlesingerdaughterPatriciatohermother,Shirley,describesameetingwithJefferdsattheBeverlyHillsHotelatwhichJefferdsallegedlytoldPatricia“thatvideosandallthesenewthingswerecoveredandtoshutupaboutit,”accordingtocourtdocuments.BecauseDisneydestroyedJefferds’letters,JudgeHiroshigeruledthatDisneyisbarredfrom“introducingevidencedisputing”thefamily’scontentionthattheywereentitledtoroyaltiesonvideocassettes.Disneyisappealingtheruling.

Settlementseemsunlikelyamongtheparties.Oneobstacle:thestill-simmeringanimositytowardSlesingerlawyerBertramFields,whowona$250millionsettlementforformerDisneystudiochiefJeffreyKatzenberginahyper-charged1999case.Thistime,thecharactermaybesoftandfuzzy,butthepayoutcouldbebigger.ForEisner,PoohisbecomingoneVeryBigBother.

1.Theexpression“infullrevolt”inthesentence“That’swhereWinniethePooh,Piglet,andEeyorelive,andthecartooncharacters...,areinfullrevolt.”(Para.1)impliesthat________.

2.Theword“anemic”intheexpression“Eisnerisunderattackfor..,ABC’sanemicratings”(Para.2)canbeparaphrasedas________.

3.Thesentence“Disneywantstokeepitsgriponthatbearandhishoneyjar.’’(Para.3)canbestbeexplainedaswhichofthefollowing?

4.WhydoestheauthorsaythatDisney’scasemay“hingeonthe‘mommymemo’”？

5.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeconcludedfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.thecartooncharactersarenolongerpopular

B.Disneyisseriouslyinvolvedinlawsuits

C.theyshowthesignofdefeatofDisneyinlawsuits

D.thecartooncharactersnolongerplaypositiveroles

问题2选项

A.flexible

B.changing

C.steady

D.declining

问题3选项

A.Disneywantstotakebackthebearsoastomakemorehoney.

B.Disneywantstotakecontrolofitscartooncharacters.

C.DisneywantstokeepthemostprofitablepropertyWinniethePooh.

D.Disneywantstowinthe12-year-oldlawsuit.

问题4选项

A.BecauseDisneyhasbeenbarredfromintroducingfurtherevidence.

B.BecausethedocumentsrelatedtoDisney’smerchandisesalescannotbefound.

C.BecausethismightbetheonlydocumentrevealingDisney’soriginalattitude.

D.BecauseSlesingerdaughterfaithfullyrecordedJefferds’words.

问题5选项

A.Disneyhasintroducedconvincingevidencetodefenditself.

B.Disneyhasdestroyedsomeimportantpapersonpurpose.

C.Disneyhaslostinthe1999casewithJeffreyKatzenberg.

D.ThestockpriceofDisneyhasbeengoingdownforaperiodoftime.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句，“A12-years-oldlawsuit…andaseriesofcourtrulingsthreatenthemediagiantwithhundredsofmillionsinoverduelicensepaymentsandpossiblythelossofoneofitsmostlucrativeproperties.”，可知迪斯尼公司卷入了诉讼案件，将遭受巨大的损失，所以致使那里的维尼熊、小猪皮杰等卡通人物全力反抗。选项B符合题意。

2.词义题。根据文章第二段第三句，“…whenEisnerisunderattackforDisney’schronicallyweakstockpriceandABC’sanemicratings…”，可知艾斯纳受到了两方面的打击，一方面是迪斯尼较低的股价，另一方面是ABC较低的评级，所以anemic的意思应该为低迷的、下降的。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“PoohisDisney’ssinglelargestproperty”，可知小熊维尼是迪斯尼最大的财产，下文接着提到了小熊维尼的商权版税带来的巨大收益，所以迪斯尼想保留最赚钱的财产-小熊维尼。选项C符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第五段，“Thatmemo,writtenin1983bySlesingerdaughterPatriciatohermother,Shirley,describesameetingwithJefferdsattheBeverlyHillsHotel…”，可知备忘录是斯莱辛格女儿帕特里夏于1983年写给她的妈妈雪莉的，里面记叙了在贝佛利山酒店与杰拉德的一次会面，杰拉德是迪斯尼产品的消费主管，所以在其他文件都已经销毁的情况下，妈咪备忘录可能是揭示迪斯尼最初态度的文件。选项C符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“…companyexecutivesknowinglydestroyedimportantpapersrelatedtoitslicensingdeals.”，可知迪斯尼高管销毁了与授权交易相关的重要文件，选项B可排除。根据文章第二段，“EisnerisunderattackforDisney’schronicallyweakstockprice…”，可知艾斯纳受到迪尼斯股价长期下行的打击。选项D可排除。根据文章最后一段，“Oneobstacle:thestill-simmeringanimositytowardSlesingerlawyerBertramFields,whowona$250millionsettlementforformerDisneystudiochiefJeffreyKatzenberginahyper-charged1999case.”，可知1999年，斯林格律师伯特伦•菲尔兹为迪士尼公司前首席执行官杰弗里•卡森伯格赢得了2.5亿美元的和解金。可推测障碍之一就是迪斯尼诉讼的失败。选项C可排除。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Thescientistshavemadean（

）studyofthevirusesthatcausethedisease.

问题1选项

A.exhausted

B.exhausting

C.exhaustive

D.exhaustion

【答案】C

【解析】形近词辨析。句意:科学家对引起该疾病的病毒进行（

）研究。

Exhausted精疲力竭的，耗尽的，用完的；exhausting使筋疲力尽的,使耗尽的;exhaustive详尽的，彻底的;exhaustion枯竭，耗尽。因此C项exhaustive符合句意。

8.翻译题

Incomparisonwiththehumanworldofpasttimes,ourworldishighlycomplex.Becauseofitshighlydevelopedcommunications,eventsineverypartoftheglobeandofhumansocietyarecloselyinterconnected.Therearenoisolateddisastersandthereisnoprogressthatdoesnothelptheprogressofall.

Thissituationisreflectedinthemindsofmen.Thecontentsofmen'smindshavealsobecomeworldwideinscopeandcomplexity.Itisnotenoughforaman,seekingthewelfareofhisownpeopleandcountry,toconsiderhisdomesticsituationinrelationtohisimmediateneighbors.Worldtrendsencompasseveryoneofus,anditisbyparticipatinginthemandcontributinginthemthatweinfluenceourownfuture.Thehighesttaskbeforemen'smindstodayistounderstand,tofightagainsttheforcesofregressionanddeath,tostrengthenandconvertintorealitythepossibilitywhichourworldoffers,asnopreviousworldhasoffered,forafullerlifeforallmen.

【答案】和过去的人类世界相比，我们今天的世界太复杂了。由于通讯高度发达，地球上每一个角落和人类社会的各个部分发生的事情都紧密相连。没有与世隔绝的荒原，也没有哪一项进步不有益于全世界的进步。

这种情况反应到人的头脑中。人们思维的内容就其视野及复杂性来说也涉及世界范围。对于为自己的人民和国家谋福利的人来说，只把本国情况对照四周的近邻加以考虑是不够的。世界的潮流席卷着我们当中的每一个人，参加到这个潮流中并为之出一份力量，我们正是以这样的方式影响着我们自己的未来。人们思维所面临的最崇高任务，是以认识退化和死亡并与之斗争，加强以前世界未能提供、而我们今天的世界提供了的可能性并使之变为现实，以使所有人的生活内容更加丰富。

9.单选题

Theexpression“hastemakeswaste”doesnot（）toreading.

问题1选项

A.affect

B.attend

C.adopt

D.apply

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项affect“影响；感染”；B选项attend“出席；参加”；C选项adopt“采取；接受”；D选项apply“应用；适用”。句意：“欲速则不达”这句话不……于阅读。AC选项不能与to连用，可排除。B选项attendto意为“照顾；照料”，不符合句意，故选D。

10.单选题

Inthispoorcountry,survivalisstilltheleadingindustry;allelseis（）.

问题1选项

A.luxury

B.accommodation

C.entertainment

D.refreshment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项luxury“奢侈品，享受”；B选项accommodation“住处，膳宿，调节”；C选项entertainment“娱乐，消遣，款待”；D选项refreshment“点心，起提神作用的东西，精力恢复”。句意：在这个贫穷的国家里，生存是最大的事，其他的一切都是奢侈的事情。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

11.单选题

Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecov-rysystems.Thesesystemshavebeendevelopedinareasofrecentvolcanicactivity,wherehighratesfheatflowcausevisibleeruptionofwaterintheformofgeysersandhotsprings.Inotherareas,owever,hotrockalsoexistsnearthesurfacebutthereisinsufficientwaterpresenttoproduceerup-ivephenomena.Thusapotentialhotdryrock(HDR)reservoirexistswhenevertheamountofspon-aneouslyproducedgeothermalfluidhasbeenjudgedinadequateforexistingcommercialsystems.

Asaresultofrecentenergycrisis,newconceptsforcreatingHDRrecoverysystems—whichin-olvedrillingholesandconnectingthemtoartificialreservoirsplaceddeepwithinthecrust—arebe-ngdeveloped.InallattemptstoretrieveenergyfromHDRs,artificialstimulationwillberequiredtoreateeithersufficientpermeabilityorboundedflowpathstofacilitatetheremovalofheatbycircula-ionofafluidoverthesurfaceoftherock.

TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludecrustalrockthatishotterthan150°C,istdepthslessthantenkilometers,andcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.Althoughellsdeeperthantenkilometersaretechnicallyfeasible,prevailingeconomicfactorswillobviouslyeterminethecommercialfeasibilityofwellsatsuchdepths.Rocktemperaturesaslowas100oCmayeusefulforspaceheating；however,forproducingelectricity,temperaturesgreaterthan200°Careesirable.

Thegeothermalgradient,whichspecificallydeterminesthedepthofdrillingrequiredtoreachaesiredtemperature,isamajorfactorintherecoverabilityofgeothermalresources.Temperaturegra-ientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssocia-ionofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrossheUnitedStates.(Therearemanyareas,however,forwhichnotemperaturegradientrecordsex-st.)

IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisverylarge.Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperatureradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.?softo-alenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoaten-kilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.fweconservativelyestimatethatonlyabout0.2percentisrecoverable,wefindatotalofallthecoalemainingintheUnitedStates.Theremainingproblemistobalancetheeconomicsofdeeper,hotter,orecostlywellsandshallower,cooler，lessexpensivewellsagainstthevalueofthefinalproduct,e-ectricityand/orheat.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto().

2.Thepassagewouldbemostlikelytoappearina()

3.Accordingthepassage,anaveragegeothermalgradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthcanbeusedto()

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheavailabilityoftemperature-depthrecordsforanyspe-cificareaintheUnitedStatesdependsprimarilyonthe().

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.alertreaderstotheexistenceofHDRsasanavailableenergysource

B.documentthechallengesthathavebeensurmountedintheefforttorecoverenergyfromHDRs

C.warntheusersofcoalandoilthatHDRsarenotaneconomicallyfeasiblealternative

D.encouragetheuseofnewtechniquesfortherecoveryofenergyfromundergroundhotwaterandsteam

问题2选项

A.petrologicalresearchreportfocusedonthehistoryoftemperature-depthrecordsintheUnitedStates

B.congressionalreporturgingtheconservationofoilandnaturalgasreservesintheUnitedStates

C.technicaljournalarticleconcernedwiththerecoverabilityofnewlyidentifiedenergysources

D.consumerreportdescribingtheextentandaccessibilityofremainingcoalresources

问题3选项

A.balancetheeconomicsofHDRenergyretrievalagainstthatofundergroundhotwaterorsteamrecoverysystems

B.determinetheamountofenergythatwillbeusedforspaceheatingintheUnitedStates

C.providecomparisonsbetweenhotwaterandHDRenergysourcesinUnitedStates

D.estimatethetotalHDRresourcebaseintheUnitedStates

问题4选项

A.possibilitythatHDRsmaybefoundinthatarea

B.existenceofpreviousattemptstoobtainoilorgasinthatarea

C.historyofsuccessfulhotwaterorsteamrecoveryeffortsinthatarea

D.failureofinhabitantstoconserveoilgasreservesinthatarea

问题5选项

A.EnergyfromWaterSources:TheFeasibilityofCommercialSystems

B.GeothermalEnergyRetrieval:VolcanicActivityandHotDryRocks

C.EnergyUnderground:GeothermalSourcesGiveWaytoFossilFuels

D.TappableEnergyforAmerica’sFuture:HotDryRocks

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.最后一段指出：IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisverylarge（HDR能源基础是巨大的）。A项“提醒读者HDR可作为可利用能源”符合文意。

2.本文旨在提醒读者HDR可作为可利用能源。所以，这篇文章可能出现在C项“关于新发现能源可恢复性的技术期刊”上。

3.根据题干关键词“averagegeothermalgradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepth”定位至最后一段：IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisverylarge.Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.’softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoaten-kilometerdepthintheUnitedStates（迹象表明，HDR的能源库巨大。如果按每公里深度的地热梯度平均为22摄氏度计算，可以得出美国1万公里深度的地壳岩石中所包含的总能源。）D项“estimatethetotalHDRresourcebase”符合文意。

4.第四段指出：“Temperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggest

thattappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates.”B项“该地区先前试图获取燃油和天然气”符合文意。

5.本文讲述了HDR能源的发现及应用前景，通篇的关键词为HDR。D项最适合做文章的标题。

12.单选题

问题1选项

A.Minor

B.Moderate.

C.Intense.

D.Severe.

【答案】A

【解析】10.M:Howstrongisthepainexactly?Onascaleof1to10,howwouldyoudescribetheintensityofthepain?

W:I’dsaythepainisaboutoneonascaleof1to10.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.Itjustkeepscomingback.

Q:Whichofthefollowingwouldbestdescribethewoman’spain?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：以下哪个最能准确描述这个女士的伤痛？由文中“I’dsaythepainisaboutoneonascaleof1to10.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.（我想说痛感是1到10等级的第一级。就像我说的，并不算很痛）”，可知A选项“Minor（轻度）”符合原文。B选项“中等的”；C选项“强烈的”；D选项“剧烈的”不符合原文。

13.单选题

Povertyandinadequatehealthcaretaketheirtollonthequalityofacommunity’shealth.

问题1选项

A.destruction

B.contribution

C.charge

D.origin

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。toll表示“代价”；A项destruction“损害，破坏”，B项contribution“贡献”，C项charge“费用”，D项origin“起源，出身”。句意：贫穷和卫生保健不足损害了社区的健康质量。根据句意可知A项正确。

14.单选题

InhistypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication,Mr.HayesconfrontedIsabetaaboutnotlookingathim.Reluctantly,sheexplainedwhy.AsanewcomerfromMexico,shehadbeentaughttoavoideyecontactasamarkofrespecttoauthorityfigures,teachers,employers,parents.Mr.Hayesdidnotknowthis.HetheninformedherthatmostAmericansinterpretlackofeyecontactasdisrespectanddeviousness.Ultimately,heconvincedIsabelatotryandchangeherhabit,whichsheslowlydid.

PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericans,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.Amaster’sthesisbySamuelAvoian,agraduatestudentatCentralMissouriStateUniversity,tellshowmisinterpretingeye-contactcustomscanhaveanegativeimpactwhenwhitefootballcoachesrecruitAfricanAmericanplayersfortheteams.

Hereportsthat,whenspeaking,whitecommunicatorsusuallylookawayfromthelistener,onlyperiodicallyglancingatthem.Theydotheoppositewhenlistening.Theyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.

ManyAfricanAmericanscommunicateinanoppositeway.Whenspeaking,theytendtoconstantlystareatthelistener;whenlistening,theymostlylookaway.Therefore,ifwhitesportsrecruitersarenotinformedaboutthesesignificantdifferences,theycanbemisledaboutinterestandattentivenesswheninterviewingprospectiveAfricanAmericanballplayers.

InmulticulturalAmerica,issuesofeyecontacthavebroughtaboutsocialconflictsoftwodifferentkindsinmanyurbancenters,non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.Thecustomerstranslatedthelackofeyecontactasasignofdisrespect,ahabitblamedforcontributingtotheopenconfrontationtakingplacebetweensomeAsiansandAfricanAmericansinNewYork,Texas,andCalifornia.ManyteacherstoohaveprovidedstoriesaboutclassroomconflictsbasedontheirmisunderstandingAsianandLatinAmericanchildrenlackofeyecontactasbeingdisrespectful.

Ontheotherhand,directeyecontacthasnowtakenonanewmeaningamongtheyoungergenerationandacrossethnicborders.Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.

Mad-dogginghasbecomethesourceofmanycampusconflicts.Inonehighschool,itresultedinafightbetweenCambodiannewcomersandAfrican-Americanstudents.TheCambodianshadbeenstaringattheotherstudentsmerelytolearnhowAmericansbehave,yettheothersmisinterpretedtheCambodians’intentionsandthefightbegan.

Mad-doggingseemstobeconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactasasignofrespect.Thus,intheurbancontemporaryyouthscene,ifonelooksdirectlyatanother,thisdisrespects,or“disses,”thatperson.Muchlikethearchaicphrase“Idemandsatisfaction,”whichbecametheoverturetoaduel.Mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.

AttheentrancestoUniversalStudio’s“CityWalk”attractioninLosAngeles,theyhavepostedCodeofConductsigns.Thesecondrulewarnsagainst“physicallyoverballythreateninganyperson,fighting,annoyingothersthroughnoisyorboisterousactivitiesorbyunnecessarystaring...”

1.ManyAfricanAmericansfromtheSouth（）.

2.Whenlisteningtotheothers,whitecommunicatorstendto（）.

3.ManycustomersinAmericancitiesareangrywithKoreanshopkeepersbecause（）.

4.Mad-doggingrefersto（）.

5.Thearchaicphrase,“Idemandsatisfaction”（）.

问题1选项

A.adoptatypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication

B.oftenmisinterpretthemeaningofeyecontact

C.avoideyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aretaughttoavoideyecontactwhenevertellingtotheothers

问题2选项

A.lookatthespeakerallthetime

B.glanceatthespeakerperiodically

C.lookawayfromthespeaker

D.stareatthespeaker

问题3选项

A.Koreanshopkeepersdonotlookatthemdirectly

B.theyexpectamoreenthusiasticreflectionfromtheshopkeepers

C.therearesomesocialconflictsinmanyurbancenters

D.theyarenotinformedaboutdifferencebetweencultures

问题4选项

A.aprovocationfromoneteenagertoanotherofadifferentethnicbackground

B.physicalconflictamongtheyoungergenerationinurbancenters

C.alackofeyecontactasasignofrespect

D.thesourceofmanycampusconflictsacrossethnicbordersinurbancenters

问题5选项

A.wasconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontact

B.oftenledtoafight

C.wasasignofdisrespect

D.oftenresultedinsomekindofmisinterpretation

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据关键词“AfricanAmericans,fromtheSouth”定位到第二段第二句“ManyAfricanAmericans,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.”这里的“custom”即上一句提到的“avoideyecontactasasignofrespect.”选项C与原文描述一致。

2.根据第三段的内容可知，白人在说话时通常会把目光从听众身上移开，只是偶尔瞥一眼他们。他们在听的时候却恰恰相反，会一直看着说话者。所以选项A符合原文。

3.根据第五段的第一句“InmulticulturalAmerica...non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.”可知，在美国非韩裔的顾客对韩国店主感到很生气是因为店主没有直视他们，所以选项A正确。

4.这里是考查“mad-dogging”的定义。根据第六段的内容，在年轻一代和跨种族之间，直接的目光接触现在有了新的含义。当一个青少年直视另一个青少年时，这被认为是一种挑衅，有时也被称为“mad-dogging”。选项A符合原文。

5.根据原文“Muchlikethearchaicphrase'Idemandsatisfaction,'whichbecametheoverturetoaduel.”“Idemandsatisfaction,”成为决斗的序曲。也就是说，会导致争斗。选项B正确。

15.单选题

Therewere150_____attheinternationalconferencethissummer.

问题1选项

A.spectators

B.viewers

C.participants

D.onlookers

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。spectator观众，旁观者；viewer观察者，观看者；participant参与者；onlooker旁观者，观众。句意：今年夏季的国际会议有150名与会者。选项C符合原文。

16.翻译题

我国高等教育大众化过程需要更加关注4个问题：理解高等教育规模扩大的本原，加强人文素质教育，平衡优秀与平等的关系，协调大学与政府、市场间的关系。所有这些都要以明析高等教育哲学的一个根本问题为前提，即大学的根本使命和目标如何定位的问题。现代大学一定要使学生和公众都能够理解大学最终和最基本的使命是什么。大学不是提供获利的手段和就业单位的场所，而是要激发他们理性的光辉和力量，培养学生坚持长远地、全面地看待个人、社会与历史的发展所需要的能力。

【答案】【参考译文】MoreattentionshouldbepaidtofourissuesduringthemassificationofChinesehighereducation:(1)howtounderstandtheprimecauseoftheexpansionofhighereducation;(2)howtoreinforceliberaleducation;(3)howtobalancetherelationshipbetweenequalityandexcellence;and(4)howtoharmonizetherelationshipbetweentheuniversity,thegovernmentandthemarket.Allthesearebasedontheorientationabouttheultimatemissionandgoalofuniversities.Modernuniversitiesmustmakestudentsandthepublicunderstandtheirultimatemission.Auniversityisnotaplacewherestratagemsforprofitsandopportunitiesofemploymentareprovided;rather,itshouldinspirestudents’rationalisticpotencies,cultivatetheirabilitytolookuponthedevelopmentofindividuals,societyandhistoryfromalong-termandall-aroundperspective.

17.单选题

（）itornot,Manchesterwasthehomeofthemostproductivecottonmillsintheworld.

问题1选项

A.Believe

B.Believing

C.Tobelieve

D.Believed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词用法。believeitornot其实是口语里常用的句子，是个省略的句子，完整表达为(Whetheryou)believeitornot。A选项正确。

18.单选题

Someofthepatients,especiallythedying,wantedto______inthemanandwomanwhohadeasedtheirsuffering.

问题1选项

A.ponder

B.confide

C.dwell

D.reflect

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项ponder“仔细考虑，衡量”，B项confide“吐露，委托”，confidein表示“向……吐露秘密”；C项dwell“居住，存在于，细想某事”，dwellin表示“居住”；D项reflect“反映，反射，照出”，reflectin表示“在……中反映出来”。根据句子的意思“有些病人，尤其是垂死的病人，想要……减轻了他们的痛苦的人”可知，四个选项中只有B项能够代入。句意：有些病人，尤其是垂死的病人，想向减轻了他们痛苦的男人和女人倾诉。因此，该题选择B项正确。

19.单选题

Theopeningceremonywascolorful,butthe（

）proceedingswereboring.

问题1选项

A.subsequent

B.consequent

C.successive

D.later

【答案】A

【解析】句意:尽管开幕式多姿多彩，但是随后的活动却是无聊的。

考查形容词辨析。Subsequent随后的,后来的;consequent随之发生的,作为结果的;successive连续的,依次的;later后来的,以后的。故A符合句意。

20.单选题

Manycountrieshavemadeitillegaltotalkintoahand-heldmobilephonewhiledriving.Butthelatestresearchprovidesfurtherconfirmationthatthedangerlieslessinwhatamotorist’shandsdowhenhetakesacallthaninwhattheconversationdoestohisbrain.Evenusinga“hands-free”devicecanimpairadriver’sattentiontoanalarmingextent.

MelinaKunaroftheUniversityofWarwickandToddHorowitzoftheHarvardMedicalSchoolranaseriesofexperimentsinwhichtwogroupsofvolunteershadtopayattentionandrespondtoaseriesofmovingtasksonacomputerscreenthatwerereckonedequivalentindifficultytodriving.Onegroupwasleftundistractedwhiletheotherhadtoengageinaconversationabouttheirhobbiesusingaspeakerphone.AsDr.KunarandDr.HorowitzreportinPsychonomicBulletin&Review,thosewhoweremakingtheequivalentofahands-freecall