考研考博-英语-内蒙古科技职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古科技职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hopehelps.Itkeepsusgoinginbleaktimesandamid（）news.Buthopehasmorecredibilitywhenwecanpointtothereasonforit.

问题1选项

A.disheartened

B.disheartening

C.enlightening

D.enlightened

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。disheartening“使沮丧”；disheartened“沮丧的”；enlightening“使人领悟的”；enlightened“被启发的”。根据题意，空格中的形容词用来形容news，形容物体用-ing形式的形容词，选项A，D可排除。句意：希望是有帮助的。在暗淡的时光和令人沮丧的消息中，能够保持继续前进。但是希望更让人信服，当我们有理由去相信的时候。选项B符合题意。

2.问答题

Themuseumisclosedthisafternoon.(Thereis)

【答案】Thereisnomuseumavailablethisafternoon.

3.单选题

Thegreatflames（）throughthedarkness.

问题1选项

A.glared

B.shone

C.shot

D.flared

【答案】D

【解析】glare怒视，瞪眼；shine闪耀，多指光照，光线等；shoot射击；flare闪耀，多指火焰等。句意：巨大的火焰在夜空中闪耀。所以选项D正确。

4.单选题

Whywasthesuggestionthatshe（

）toourpartyrejectedthedaybeforeyesterday?

问题1选项

A.beinvited

B.tobeinvited

C.beinginvited

D.hasbeeninvited

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。在表示“建议、要求、命令、意愿”等意义的名词，后面跟的表语从句中和同位语从句中谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略，因此选A。

句意：为什么前天她受邀参加我们聚会的建议被拒绝了？

5.单选题

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:Saltisbadforyou—regardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard.“Thereisadirectrelationship，”USCongressmanNealSmithnoted,betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn’tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.’’Dustan’smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureunderwentnochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation，”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Foranaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissaltallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayesJr.admitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.’’Infact,thereisincreasingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium,obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium),genericpredisposition,stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy，”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon’tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（

）

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（

）

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（

）

4.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

问题1选项

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth.

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders.

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases.

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease.

问题2选项

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople.

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure.

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient.

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone.

问题3选项

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt.

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt.

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease.

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation.

问题4选项

A.Thatthesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thattheoriginofhypertensionisnowfound.

C.Thatthemoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Thatsaltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第一段的文章意思，以及第三句中的“directrelationship”，可以得出选项C最符合题意。

2.信息推断题。根据文章第二段的内容，试验中一半的高血压患者在食用低盐食品时血压有所降低，可以推断出低盐饮食可以作为治疗高血压患者的一个方法。选项A符合题意。

3.信息推断题。根据文章第三段，充足或者稍微过量的摄入盐，会拯救更多的人，而不是只会害死人，不可能建议所有人群都禁止食用食盐。选项D符合题意。

4.信息归纳题。根据文章意思，A选项中的理论并未得到证实，B和D选项文中没有提及。用排除法可知，选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Theascenttothemountainis（）butanyonewhomakesittothetopisrewardedbyaspectacularview.

问题1选项

A.helpful

B.assiduous

C.arduous

D.unique

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。helpful“有帮助的”；assiduous“刻苦的，勤勉的”；arduous“努力的，费力的”；unique“特别的”。句意：登到山顶是艰苦的，但任何成功登顶的人都会欣赏到壮观的景色。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

（

）1980thatVoyagertransmittedphotographsofSaturntoearth.

问题1选项

A.Whenitwas

B.During

C.Itwasin

D.Thatwasin

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。根据题目中的that和句子结构，可判断本句为强调句，强调句句型为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who……，句意：正是在1980年，“旅行者”号向地球传送了土星的照片。因此选项C符合题意。

8.翻译题

过去，人们并没有充分认识到污染给环境造成的影响。只是把它看成一种会熏黑房屋，弄脏河流的令人讨厌的东西。

【答案】

Inthepast,peoplewerenotfullyawareoftheimpactofpollutionontheenvironment.Weregarditasanobnoxiousthingwhichcanblackenhouseanddirtyriver.

9.单选题

Onlyonemoreweekandthecontractwill____.

问题1选项

A.runout

B.bringabout

C.putthrough

D.carryon

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.runout用完；到期B.bringabout引起

C.putthrough给……接通电话；使……遭受D.carryon继续；从事；进行

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：再过一个星期，合同就……。根据句意，可以推测，再过一个星期，有效的合同就到期结束了。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】

B、C选项均不符合句意；

D选项，这里指的是合同再过一个星期就到期了，而不是合同继续，该选项不符合逻辑。

【句意】再过一个星期合同就到期了。

10.单选题

Thisbookshouldbewell-recommendedwithinthe（

）ofanyonewhohasstudiedEnglishforfouryears.

问题1选项

A.possession

B.competence

C.confidence

D.qualification

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析。句意:应向学过四年英语的人力荐这本书。

possession:拥有，所有,个人财产。competence:能力，胜任,本领。confidence:信心。qualification:资格，条件。

11.单选题

Thesesurveysindicatethatmanycrimesgo（

）bythepolice,mainlybecausenotallvictimsreportthem.

问题1选项

A.unrecorded

B.tobeunrecorded

C.unrecording

D.tohavebeenunrecorded

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配题。根据句意‘这些调查表明许多犯罪…，主要因为不是所有的受害者都会举报。’确定空格处填的意思是否定含义‘没有被记录’，动词go与否定式的过去分词连用，表示某动作未发生，A选项正确。

12.单选题

Onlineschools,which（）theneedsofdifferentpeople,haveemergedasanincreasinglypopulareducationalternative.

问题1选项

A.consentto

B.stirup

C.switchon

D.caterto

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项consentto“同意；答应；赞成”；B选项stirup“激起；煽动；搅拌；唤起”；C选项switchon“接通，开启”；D选项caterto“迎合；为……服务”。句意：满足不同人群需求的网上学校已经成为一种日益流行的教育方式。由空格后的关键词“theneedsof……的需求”可知“迎合”符合句意，因此D选项正确。

13.单选题

（）outsideinthestreet,themanwassenttohospitalatonce.

问题1选项

A.Tobefounddying

B.Findingdead

C.Foundlyinganddyingfast

D.Foundlyingandalmostdied

【答案】C

【解析】考查分词辨析。A选项Tobefounddying“被发现奄奄一息”；动词不定式表将来，本句所用一般过去式，故排除A选项。B选项Findingdead“发现死者”；主语是theman和find之间的关系为被动关系，故排除B选项。D选项Foundlyingandalmostdied有语病，die是瞬间动词，也不能用almost修饰，可以用die的连续性动词dying“奄奄一息的”。句意：人们发现了这个男人躺在大街上奄奄一息的时候，立即将他送往医院。故选C。

14.单选题

AbigprobleminlearningEnglishasaforeignlanguageislackofopportunitiesfor（

）interactionwithproficientspeakersofEnglish.

问题1选项

A.instantaneous

B.provocative

C.verbal

D.dual

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项instantaneous“瞬间的；即时的”；B选项provocative“刺激的；气人的”；C选项verbal“口头的；言语的”；D选项dual“双的；双重的”。句意：把英语作为一门外语来学习的大问题在于缺少与精通英语的人进行……交流的机会。综合句意与选项可知，大问题是缺少与speakerofEnglish进行“口头交流”的机会。C选项正确。

15.单选题

AstheEnglishlanguagehaschangedatafastspeedinthiscentury,sohastheuseoftheEnglishlanguage.

AftertheBritishBroadcastingCorporation(BBC)wasfoundedin1927,theparticularstyleofspeechoftheBBCannouncerswasrecognizedasStandardEnglishorReceivedPronunciation(RP)English.Now,mostpeoplestillconsiderthatthepronunciationanddeliveryofBBCannouncersistheclearestandmostunderstandablespokenEnglish.

Englishhashadastrongassociationwithclassandsocialstatus.However,sincetheSecondWorldWartherehasbeenaconsiderablechangeofattitudetowardsspeechsnobbery,andhallmarksofclassdistinctionsuchasstylesofspeechhavebeengraduallydiscarded,especiallybytheyoungergeneration.

Astheneedhasarisen,newwordshavebeeninventedorfoundfromotherlanguagesandincorporatedintoEnglish.Similarly,oldwordsandexpressionshavebeendiscardedastheirusefulnesshasdiminishedorthefashionshavepassed.Thisalsohappenstostylesandmodesofspeechwhichbecamefashionableataparticulartimeandinspecificcircumstances.

Bytheendofthe1960sitbecameapparentthatitwasnotnecessarytospeakStandardEnglishorevencorrectgrammartobecomepopular,successfulandrich.Thefashionablespeechofthedaywasnolongertheprerogativeofaprivilegedclassbutratheradefiantexpressionofclasslessness.

ThegreatestsingleinfluenceoftheshapingoftheEnglishlanguageinmoderntimesistheAmericanEnglish.Overthelast25yearstheEnglishusedbymanypeople,particularlybythoseinthemedia,advertisingandshowbusiness,hasbecomemoreandmoremid-Atlanticinstyle,deliveryandaccent.

Inthe1970s,fashionfavoredstresslesspronunciationandalanguagefullofjargon,slangand“in”words,muchofitquiteincomprehensibletotheoutsideworld.WhatisconsideredmodernandfashionableinBritaintodayisoftennotthekindofEnglishtaughtinschoolsandcolleges.

1.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“therehasbeenaconsiderablechangeofattitudetowardsspeechsnobbery”(Para.3)?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasatrendintheU.S.fortheyoungpeople______.

4.Theword“mid-Atlantic”inthepassage(Para.6)probablymeans______.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

问题1选项

A.TheuseoftheEnglishlanguagehasnotchangedmuchinthiscentury.

B.TheBBCannouncersspeakStandardEnglish.

C.Englishhasnoassociationwithclassandsocialstatusnow.

D.YoungpeopleallspeakEnglishinthesameway.

问题2选项

A.PeopleallspeakEnglishlikeBBCannouncers.

B.ThereisagreatchangeofattitudeabouthowEnglishshouldbespoken.

C.Somepeoplestillthinktheirwayofspeakingisinferior.

D.Mostpeopledon’tbelievetheirwayofspeakingisinferior.

问题3选项

A.tospeakStandardEnglish

B.tospeakEnglishwithoutclassdistinction

C.tospeakEnglishwithclassdistinction

D.tospeakEnglishwithgrammarmistakes

问题4选项

A.AmericanandEuropean

B.AmericanandBritish

C.theAtlanticOcean

D.inthemiddleoftheAtlanticOcean

问题5选项

A.StandardEnglishistaughtinschoolandcolleges

B.theyoungpeoplearedefiantbecausetheyrefusetospeakStandardEnglish

C.EnglishlanguageisinfluencedbyAmericanEnglishinthelast25years

D.therehasbeenagreatchangeintheEnglishlanguageinthiscentury

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段AstheEnglishlanguagehaschangedatafastspeedinthiscentury,sohastheuseoftheEnglishlanguage.（在这个世纪里，随着英语语言的快速变化，英语语言的使用也在快速变化。），说明随着英语语言有了很大的改变，英语语言的使用也同样如此。因此A选项“本世纪以来，英语的使用没有什么变化”与原文不符，本题选A。B选项“BBC的播音员说的是标准英语”，C选项“现在英语与阶级和社会地位没有关联”，D选项“年轻人都以同样的方式说英语”在文中均有所提及，所以排除B,C,D。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第二句However,sincetheSecondWorldWartherehasbeenaconsiderablechangeofattitudetowardsspeechsnobbery（然而，自第二次世界大战以来，人们对言语势利的态度发生了相当大的变化），“言语势利”是指通过言语判断社会阶层，说明大部分人不认为标准英语有什么了不起了。因此D选项“大多数人不认为他们的说话方式是低劣的”正确。A选项“人们都像BBC播音员一样说英语”在文中没有提及，所以A错误。B选项“对如何说英语的态度有了很大的改变”，原文只说对于言语势利的态度发生了变化，所以B错误。C选项“有些人仍然认为他们的说话方式是低劣的”与原文意思相反，所以C错误。

3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第二句andhallmarksofclassdistinctionsuchasstylesofspeechhavebeengraduallydiscarded,especiallybytheyoungergeneration.（诸如言论风格等阶级区分的标志逐渐被摒弃，尤其是在年轻一代中。），说明年轻人使用英语没有了阶级划分。因此B选项“说英语不分等级”正确。A选项“说标准英语”，C选项“说有阶级差别的英语”，D选项“说有语法错误的英语”均不符合题意，所以A,C,D错误。

4.推理判断题。由题干关键词“mid-Atlantic”可以定位到文章第六段第二句Overthelast25yearstheEnglishusedbymanypeople,particularlybythoseinthemedia,advertisingandshowbusiness,hasbecomemoreandmoremid-Atlanticinstyle,deliveryandaccent.（在过去的25年里，许多人使用的英语，尤其是媒体、广告和演艺界使用的英语，在风格、表达方式和口音上越来越像大西洋中部的英语。），说明美式英语对英语影响很大，前文第二段又说到BBC英式英语一直是标准英语，那么现在的英语就必定是受美式英语很大影响的英式英语，而地理上大西洋正好位于英、美之间。因此B选项“美国和英国”正确。A选项“美国和欧洲”，C选项“大西洋”，D选项“在大西洋的中间”均不符合题意，所以A,C,D错误。

5.推理判断题。A选项“学校里教的是标准英语”，由原文可知，标准英语就是BBC英语，学校不可能都在教BBC英语，所以A错误。B选项“年轻人拒讲标准英语因为他们是叛逆的”，由原文可知，年轻人主要是不想在讲话时显出阶级差别，事实上二战后很多人都这样，不仅是年轻人，不能根据这一点说明年轻人是叛逆的，所以B错误。C选项“在过去的25年里，英语受到美国英语的影响”，由原文可知，语言的影响是一个长期的过程，不能说在特定一段时间影响，所以C错误。D选项“本世纪以来，英语有了很大的变化”，根据文章第一段AstheEnglishlanguagehaschangedatafastspeedinthiscentury,sohastheuseoftheEnglishlanguage.（在这个世纪里，随着英语语言的快速变化，英语语言的使用也在快速变化。）可知，本世纪以来英语有了很大的变化，所以D选项正确。

16.单选题

Toomanypeoplebelievethattoachievegreatthingswemustmakebrutalsacrifices,thattosucceedinworkwemustfocussingle-mindedly,atthe（

）ofeverythingelseinlife.

问题1选项

A.heart

B.beginning

C.mercy

D.expense

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。attheexpenseof意为“以……为代价”。

句意：太多的人相信为了成就大事我们必须做出残酷的牺牲，为了在工作中取得成功，我们必须一心一意，以牺牲生活中的其他一切为代价。

17.单选题

Theexplorerlosthiswaysoheclimbedtothetopofthehillto（）himself.

问题1选项

A.spot

B.situate

C.place

D.locate

【答案】D

【解析】spot使认出；situate使位于；place放置；locate定位。句意：探险者迷了路,所以他爬到山顶以确定自己的位置（定位）。选项D符合句意。

18.单选题

Brushingremoveslargerparticles,butdentistssuggestbrushingthebackofthetongueaswell,wherefoodresiduesandbacteria_______.

问题1选项

A.flourish

B.collaborate

C.embark

D.congregate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“flourish”意为“繁荣，茂盛；处于旺盛时期；炫耀”；B选项“collaborate”意为“合作；勾结，通敌”；C选项“embark”意为“上船（或飞机）；（使）上船（或登机）；从事”；D选项“congregate”意为“聚集”。句意：刷牙可以清除较大的颗粒，但牙医建议也要刷舌头后部，那里有食物残渣和细菌聚集。由题干可知，foodresiduesandbacteria（食物残渣和细菌），可以推测出是有这些东西的聚集，所以牙医建议也要刷舌头的后部。因此D选项符合题意。

19.不定项选择题

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon’tgetin,they’reforeverdoomed.Gosh,we’redelusional.

I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It’sone-upmanshipamongparents.Weseeourkids’collegepedigreesastrophiesattestingtohowwell-orhowpoorly-we’veraisedthem.Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Admissionsanxietyafflictsonlyaminorityofparents.It’struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhighschoolgraduateshasgrown.From1994to2006,theincreaseis2.8percent.Still,64percentoffreshmenattendschoolswhereacceptanceratesexceed70percent,andtheapplicationsurgeateliteschoolsdwarfspopulationgrowth.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsprodtheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.“Theepicentersofparentalanxietyusedtobeonthecoasts:Boston,NewYork,Washington,LosAngeles,saysTomParker,Amherst’sadmissionsdean.“Butit’sradiatedthroughoutthecountry.”

Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat’splausible-andmostlywrong.“Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters,”saysErnestT.PascarellaoftheUniversityofIowa,co-authorofHowCollegeAffectsStudents,an827evaluationofhundredsofstudiesofthecollegeexperience.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools,accordingtoastudybyPascarellaandGeorgeKuhofIndianaUniversity.Somedo;somedon’t.Ontwomeasures-professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams-selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2percentto4percentforevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke.Awell-knownstudybyPrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerandStacyBergDaleofMathematicaPolicyResearchexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn’tlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarket,graduateschool—theresultsmaychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.KruegerstudiedadmissionstoonelopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGraduateRecordExamhelpedexplainwhogotin;IvyLeaguedegreesdidn’t.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyofstudents20yearsoutfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

Whatfiresparents’fanaticismistheirself-servingdesiretoannouncetheirownsuccess?ManySuccumb;Ididn’tlocatedmyidealschoolformydaughter.Shegotinandwentelsewhere.Takethat,Dad.Ilocatedtheidealschoolformyson.Heck,hewouldn’tevenvisittheplace.Pow,Dad.Theybothlovetheirschoolsandseemamplystimulated.FoolishDad.

6.Theword“gladiators”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）

7.Theauthor’sattitudetotheparents’claim“ourmotivesareselflessandsensible”isoneof（）

8.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat（）

9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutselectiveschoolsisTRUE?

10.Theauthorsuggeststhatparentsnotimposetheirambitionontheirchildrenbecause（）

问题1选项

A.colossus

B.commanders.

C.warriors.

D.gluttons.

问题2选项

A.antipathy.

B.apathy.

C.ambivalence.

D.dissent.

问题3选项

A.Americanyouthhavefewerchoicesbuttogotoeliteschools.

B.thecompetitionforeliteschoolsisfiercerintheUnitedStates.

C.theparentsshouldnotputtoomuchpressureontheirchildren.

D.thechildren’sfuturewillbebleakwithoutgoingtoeliteschools.

问题4选项

A.Selectiveschoolsofferbetterinstructionalapproachestotheirstudents.

B.Therearemoreassayexamsinselectiveschoolsthanotherschools.

C.Theirnewteachingmethodssecuretheirgraduates’highsalaries.

D.Theydon’toutperformotherschoolsintermsofprofessors’feedback.

问题5选项

A.toomuchpressuremightleadtounsatisfactoryresults.

B.theirownambitionshouldn’tberealizedbytheirchildren.

C.theirchildrenmightpracticejob-hoppingfrequently.

D.theirchildrenmightnotsharesimilarinterestswiththem.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】6.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段第一句Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.（在大学入学的战争中，我们父母是真正的角斗士）。C选项“战士”与“角斗士”的意思相近，因此C选项正确。A选项“巨人”，不符合文章内容。B选项“指挥官”，不符合文章内容。选项D“贪吃的人”不符合词义，可排除。因此C选项正确。

7.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】观点态度题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段倒数第三句Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.（我们说我们的动机是无私和理智的。）D选项“不同意的”正确，根据下文内容可推测，父母宣称是无私的和明智的是虚假的，因此作者不同意这个观点。A选项“反感的”，可排除。B选项“冷漠的”，作者态度并不是冷漠的，可排除。C选项“矛盾”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

8.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到原文第四段（我们有一种全面的威望恐慌；我们担心没有足够的奖杯。恐惧的父母催促他们的孩子申请比以往更多的学校。阿默斯特学院招生主任汤姆•帕克（TomParker）说，过去，父母焦虑的中心集中在沿海地区：波士顿、纽约、华盛顿和洛杉矶）。选项C“父母不应该给孩子太多的压力”，文中所说父母催促孩子申请比以往更多的学校，因此可推测，父母给孩子的压力过大，C选项正确。选项A“美国年轻人的选择很少，只能去精英学校”，不符合文章内容，可排除。选项B“在美国，精英学校的竞争更加激烈”，不符合文章内容，可排除，选项D“如果不上精英学校，孩子们的未来将是暗淡的”，没有必然的关系。因此C选项正确。

9.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文第六段中最后一句Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.（他们挣的钱和那些地位较高的学校的毕业生一样多）。D选项“在教授反馈方面，他们的表现并不优于其他学校”，由挣钱这一点反映，他们的表现并不优于其他学校，D选项正确。A选项“重点学校为学生提供更好的教学方法。”文章第五段提到“名校并不比非名校系统地采用更好的教学方法”，因此A选项可排除。B选项“重点学校的考试比其他学校多。”第五段最后一句提到“教授的反馈和论文考试的数量——重点学校的表现略差”，B选项可排除。C选项“他们的新教学方法确保了毕业生的高薪”，文中第六段提到“他们挣的钱和那些地位较高的学校的毕业生一样多”，因此C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

10.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】作者意图题。由题干可以定位到原文倒数第二段TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.（我们强加给孩子们的雄心壮志可能会让一些孩子进入哈佛，但也可能会让他们失望）。由此可知选项A“太多的压力可能会导致不满意的结果”，符合文章内容，A选项正确。B选项“他们自己的抱负不应该由他们的孩子来实现”，文章没有提到父母的抱负让孩子实现，B选项可排除。C选项“他们的孩子可能经常跳槽”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“他们的孩子可能和他们没有共同的兴趣爱好”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此A选项正确。

20.单选题

Ironically,racialdiscrimination,whichis____withdemocraticprinciples,hasexistedinAmerica,“thegreatestdemocracyintheworld”.

问题1选项

A.incompatible

B.unanimous

C.disagreeable

D.contrary

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.incompatible（与某事物）不一致，不相配B.unanimous（决定或意见）一致的，一致同意的

C.disagreeable不合意的；令人不快的D.contrary相对立的；相反的

【答案】A

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】固定搭配：incompatiblewith表示“格格不入的；矛盾的；互斥的”，由句意“具有讽刺意味的是，在‘世界上最伟大的民主国家’美国，却存在着与民主原则……种族歧视。”可知，该搭配符合句意。句意为：具有讽刺意味的是，在“世界上最伟大的民主国家”美国，却存在着与民主原则格格不入的种族歧视。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】

B选项unanimous“（决定或意见）一致的，一致同意的”，与句意相反，不符合语境；

C选项disagreeable“不合意的；令人不快的”，不符合语境；

D选项contrary“相对立的；相反的”，与to搭配不与with搭配。

【句意】具有讽刺意味的是，在“世界上最伟大的民主国家”美国，却存在着与民主原则格格不入的种族歧视。

21.单选题

Wemustensurearationalproportionbetween（）andconsumption.

问题1选项

A.conformation

B.acceleration

C.coordination

D.accumulation

【答案】D

【解析】conformation构造,一致；acceleration加速,促进；coordination协调,对等；accumulation积聚,累积。根据句意可知,这里应填入consumption的反义词,只有选项D符合语境。

22.单选题

Athirdofbreadscontainmoresaltthanrecommendedunderguidelinesbeingintroducednextyear,asurveyfound.

Mostbreadswerewithinthecurrentguidelinesofl.lgofsaltper100g-butthisisbeingcuttolgperl00g.CampaignforActiononSaltandHealth(CASH),whichlookedat300breads,saiditwas“outrageous”thatbreadcontainedeventhecurrentlevel.TheDepartmentofHealthsaid’’considerable"saltreductionshadalreadybeenmade.Manufacturerssaidmanyloaveswiththelowestsaltlevelsweresupermarketbrands,whichwerethemostpopular.Eatingtoomuchsaltislinkedtohighbloodpressure,whichinturnincreasestheriskofdevelopingheartdisease.

Recommendeddietarysaltlevelsvarywithage.Adultsaremeanttohavenomorethan6gofsaltintheirdietperday,whiletoddlersshouldhavenomorethan2g.

Saltlevelsinbreadhavefallenbyaboutathirdoverthepastdecade,withsomefallingbyupto40%.ButCASHsayslevelsarestilltoohigh,andwarnsthereiswidevariationintheamountfoundinloaves.Mostarewithinhalfagramofthecurrenttargetofl.lgofsaltperl00gofbreadabouttwohickslices.ButCASHfoundsomesignificantlyexceededit.CASHsaysconsumersshouldlookatnutritionlabels,wherepossible,toseehowmuchsaltbreadcontains.Butitwarnsfreshbreads,fromin-storeorhigh-streetbakerieshavenonutritionallabeling,meaningpeoplecannottellhowmuchsalttheycontain.Anditsaidbakerybreadsoftenhadhigherlevelsthantheirpackagedproducts.

CASHchairmanProf.GrahamMacGregor,oftheWolfsonInstituteofPreventativeMedicine,said:"Itisfranklyoutrageousthatbreadstillcontainssomuchsalt.TheDepartmentofHealthneedstoensurethatallbreadisclearlylabeledandthatallmanufacturersreducethesaltofbreadtolessthatthesalttargetoflgperl00g.Itistheveryhighlevelsofsaltthatishiddenineverydayfood,suchasbread,thatputsupbothadults'andchildren'sbloodpressure.“VictoriaTaylor,seniordietitianattheBritishHeartFoundation,said:"Weknowtoomanypeopleareeatingtoomuchsalteachday.Somemanufacturersareworkingtowardstargetsforsaltreduction,butweneedmoreactiontocutthesaltcontentinbreadandmakesuretheyprovidecolour-codedfoodlabelstohelptheircustomers."ButFederationofBakersdirectorGordonPolsonsaid:"Themajorityofwrappedslicedbreadavailablealreadymeetsthe2012targetsandourmembersarecontinuingtoendeavourtoreducesaltbycontributingtoongoingresearchtoestablishwhichothermeansareavailabletoreducesaltinbread.ThevastmajorityofbreadssingledoutintheCASHreportashigherinsaltarenotthemainstreamproductsproducedbyourmembers;whichdoproducearound80%ofthenation'sbreadina£3bnindustry.n

ADepartmentofHealthspokesmansaidthegovernmentwelcomedthe’’considerable"saltreductionsthatbreadmakershadalreadymade,anditwas"verypleasing"thataround60%oftheproductsmetsalttargetsfor2012."Thisisanimportantstepinhelpingtoreducesaltintake,aswellasloweringtheriskofhighbloodpressureandresultingstrokesandheartdisease.Welookforwardtoseeingfurtherreductionsasmorecompaniesmeetthetargets,”headded.

BritishRetailConsortiumfooddirectorAndrewOpiesaidretailersandmanufacturersaretofondindependentresearchtolookforwaysofmeetingthe2012target-"whilestillmakingfoodswhichconsumerswanttobuy”.

1.What’sGordonPolson’sattitudetowardthemajorityofwrapped,slicedbreadavailable?

2.AccordingtoCASH,thecurrentsaltlevelsofbreadare（

）.

3.CASHsuggeststhat（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

5.WhataretheharmfuleffectsoftoomuchsaltaccordingtoCASH?

问题1选项

A.Positive.

B.Critical.

C.Skeptical.

D.Indifferent

问题2选项

A.amazinglylow

B.proper

C.toohigh

D.considerable

问题3选项

A.saltlevelsinbreadshouldbereducedby40%

B.theamountfoundinloavesshouldvarywithbreads

C.consumersshouldfigureouthowmuchsaltbreadcontains

D.onlyfreshbreadsshouldbelabeled

问题4选项

A.Saltreductionsaretobemade.

B.Theloavesinsupermarketsarewiththelowestsaltlevels.

C.Womencanhavemoresaltintheirdietperdaythanmen.

D.Recommendeddietarysaltlevelsaredifferentwithage.

问题5选项

A.malnutrition

B.highbloodpress