新概念英语第三册课堂笔记

新概念英语第三册课堂笔记新概念英语第三册课堂笔记新概念英语第三册课堂笔记新概念英语第三册课堂笔记编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:新概念英语第三册课堂笔记(很有用呀!!!)Lesson1APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里★puman.美洲狮★spotv.看出，发现pickout,see,recognize,catch,sightofspot=see:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现find:强调发现的结果findout：查出事实真相discover：做出重大发现notice：注意到observe：观察watch：观察活动中的人或画面Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.n.斑点Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot1.立刻，马上（atonce,immediately)Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.theplaceoftheaction在现场Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.★evidencen.证据不可数名词Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroiedtheevidence.evidence=proofinevidence:显而易见的Hewasinevidenceattheparty.evidently，evidently★accumulatev.积累，积聚强调积累的过程Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处collect搜集，采集assemble集合，集会，vt.装配hoardvt.大量的储存hoardup＝storeupamass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter★obligev.使……感到必须feelobligedtodosth感觉有必要做某事beobligedtodosth.被迫做某事★huntn.追猎；寻找runafter强调追赶、追求seek/pursue追寻chase追赶huntforsearch搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物★blackberryn.黑莓★humanbeing人类★cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境n.角落atthecornerofthestreetinthecorneroftheroomonthecornerofthedesk经常使用被动语态ThethiefwascorneredatlastTheproblemcorneredme.★trailn.一串，一系列（vt.)trail：followThepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding★printn.印痕★clingv.粘clungSheisalwaysclingingtohermother.Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.stick粘住；stickto坚持；sticky粘的★convincev.使……信服convincesth.和宾语从句that搭配使用没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：beconvinced★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknownsomewhat:alittle★disturbv.令人不安disturbing:令人不安的disturbed:感到不安的exciting：令人激动的excited：感到激动的Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。WheremustthepumahavecomefromPumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedof"cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefromAsnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.参考译文美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅5码远，她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的。事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物，在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。【课文讲解】atlarge:逃遁的，没有被控制的详细地（indetail)总体来讲（asawhole)在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果写议论文的时候要注意把握观点Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.life-like:栩栩如生的一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修缮名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前定语从句只是对于被修缮词的补充说明、修缮；同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容定语从句的引导词：指人：主语who;宾语who/whom;定语whose表达事物：that（也可以指人）/which时间状语：when;地点状语：where;原因状语：why同位语从句：名词做主语、宾语等，关系词用that而不是which时间－when；地点－whereAnideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim。定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句take:dealwithtakeas:随着过去分词做定语声称曾经做过某事：claimtohavedonesth.IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.confirm:besure,becertainsearch=hunt把某物留在后面：leavebehind英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者complainof/about抱怨on+名词：强调动作正在进行ontherise:在上升ontheincrease:在增加onthewatch:在观看onthematch:在比赛中onthefishingtrip:在钓鱼的途中onholiday:在度假fully:completely,entirelyinthepossessionofsb.=insb.'spossession归某人所有inpossessionofsth.拥有某物takepossessionof拥有Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofmeIaminpossessionofthebeautifulcarThepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat...熟读并背诵第一自然段atlargetakesomethingseriouslyclingtoleavebehindcomplainofinthepossessionof/inpossessionoffeelobligedtoinvestigateawomanpickingblackberriesabusinessmanonfishingtripgoonforseveralweeksinthequietcountryside【SpecialDifficulties】ExerisesA1.at/for2.to3.to4.in5.onExercisesBHeisthemanwehaveheardaboutsomuch.2.TheshelfyouputthosebooksonhascollapseddidyoureceivealetterfromWhom不能省略定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面lookat:注视lookfor:寻找，介词不能前置livein:居住，介词可以前置Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived.Thisistheoldhousehelivedin.istheroadwecamebyisthepencilyouwereplayingwith【SupplementaryWrittenExercises】要求陈述原因fromthezoofeltobliged...正确答案：Dincommon-simliar2.（A)只是一个具体的特定的事列，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意（B)largecat3.(C)答案正确做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意文章最后一句话总结了大意句型结构题和词汇题是关键4.C选项正确thinkmake－makesomebodydo,bemadetodo在主动语态中不定式to的符号应该省略被动语态中不定式to的符号必须补充完整5.把say改成claim－Peopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.D正确－清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系6.与原句中的when意思要一致when引导的时间状语从句表示－...就结构形式和assoonas相一致的——B答案正确主动－Onobservingher,itimmediatelyranaway....not/exceptontheconditionthatwhen=ifexcept可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可是when/if引导的从句形式D正确be只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致D正确情态动词表达推测的语意概念时，对于过去事实推测一定要用情态动词have以及过去分词形式进行搭配morethan-onlywithin=notmorethanacorner表示处于困境、尴尬的境地B正确inatrap表示落于陷阱中atanangle表示弯曲的、不直的正确fishesforpleasure正确onhisown=aloneLesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语★equalv.等于AequalsB与...相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasdancerMaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.beequalto:有能力、有力量来做某事to-介词★vicarn.牧师★raisev.募集，筹（款）提高、饲养、供养、种植、召集、招募、提出、发出★torchlightn.电筒光Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。WasthevicarpleasedthattheclockwasstrikingWhyOurvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauseoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.Onenight,however,ourvicarworkupwithastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clock,butthebellstruckthirteentimesbeforeitstopped.Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,ourlocalgrocer.'WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill'askedthevicarinsurprise.'I'mtryingtorepairthebell,'answeredBill.'I'vebeencomingupherenightafternightforweeksnow.Yousee,Iwashopingtogiveyouasurprise.''Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!'saidthevicar.'You'veprobablywokenupeveryoneinthevillageaswell.Still,I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.'That'sthetrouble,vicar,'answeredBill.'It'sworkingallright,butI'mafraidthatatoneo'clockitwillstrikethirteentimesandthere'snothingIcandoaboutit."We'llgetusedtothat,Bill,'saidthevicar."Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butit'sbetterthannothing.Nowlet'sgodownstairsandhaveacupoftea.'参考译文我们教区的牧师总是为各种各样的事筹集资金。但始终未能筹足资金把教堂的钟修好。教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜打点报时，但很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。一天夜里，我们的牧师突然被惊醒了，大钟又在“打点”报时了！他一看表，才1点钟，可是那钟一边敲了13下才停。牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。借着电筒光。他看见一个人，马上认出那是本地杂货店主经比尔.威尔金斯。“你究竟在这上面干什么，比尔”牧师惊讶地问。“我想把这口钟修好，”比尔回答说。“好几个星期了，我天天夜里到钟楼上来。嗯，我是想让你大吃一惊。”“你确实使我大吃了一惊！”牧师说，“也许同时你把村里所有的人都吵醒了。不过，钟又能报时了，我还是很高兴的。”“问题就在这里，牧师，”比尔回答说。“不错，钟能报时了，但是，恐怕每到1点钟，它总要敲13下，对此我已无能为力了。”“大家慢慢就习惯了，比尔，”牧师说。“13下是不如1下好，但总比1下也不敲强。来，咱们下楼去喝杯茶吧。”【课文讲解】现在进行时和always等频度副词的搭配——表示说话人带有的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.Tomalwaysdoeshishomework.Heisalwaysmakingnoises.oneoranother:表示某种，这样或那样Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepairedhavethechurchclockrepaired——havesomethingdone找某人来做某事havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut某人所遭受到的意外某种情况——主语必须是发出动作的人Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.usedto：过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了Heusedtosmokeeveryday.however——用于口语，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗号分隔开来Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistaken,howeverHesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistaken.Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn'tliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn'tliketotellyouneverthelessnonethelessstart:惊跳，惊奇before：...才Armedwithatorch...现在分词和过去分词的用法looking分词做状语/定语的时候，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致inthetorchlight非正式用语中whom可以省略掉recognizedsomebodyas:认出某人是regardsomebodyas,thinkofsomebodyas,treatsomebodyashaveonsomebodyaswhatever:ever用来加强语气nightafternight:一夜连着一夜dayafterdayyearafteryearweekafterweekbusafterbusdid肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩，一定要位于动词原形之前aswell用在句尾相当于to,主要用于肯定句中，但比to所表达的语意更优秀stil用于句首，用逗号分隔开来——表达一个转折的关系：虽然如此，但是getusedto,beusedto,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示习惯于get强调渐近的过程，be强调习惯了的状态【Specialdifficulties】inprep.表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用在句中起状语作用insurprise;inastonishment;inalarm;inembarrassmentinamazement;indespair;indismay;inanger;indisappointmentinprep.表示以、用；用于语言，书写材料，色彩或声音等方面inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafewwords;insuchahightvoice;inoil;inred;incodein表示状态、情况或处境introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;indebt;ears;ingoodorder;ingoodrepair;ingoodhealth;inpoorhealth;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;inhaste;inafavorofexcitement;inpoverty;inluxuryUseaphrasewithninplaceofthewordsinitalics.veryquickly--inahurryeventually---intheendbeseen---insightwithapen/withapencil--inink/inpencilwhichtheyshare---incommoncrying--tears【Choosethecorrectanswers】1...because___thebellhadbeenoutoforder...(wasdamaged)__2...because___itwasanunusualtime..._______3...because___hewasgratefulfor...____为……表示感谢：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor不辞辛劳地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.【Structure】4...B...inthepast是过去时态的标志；always用在实意动词之前5...D...强调句式结构itwasnotuntil...that...—直到……才……Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.6...B...宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序7....C...突出结果或者对现在的影响，现在完成时8...A...to介词，表示习惯于9...B...fund基金；cash现金；scholarship奖学金；investment投资10...A...runashop经营商店11...A...nightafternight=everynight12...C...still尽管如此，依旧，仍然—justthesameIt'sraining,stillImustgooutstill连接性副词，相当于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesameyet但是，然而Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeitLesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语★goddess(tile)n.女神★archaeologistn.考古学家★Aegeanadj.爱玲海的★explorev.考察，勘探Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.explorern.探险家★promontoryn.海角★prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的ourfinanceisprosperousthriving昌盛的，兴旺的booming蓬勃的，景气的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilizationn.文明highlevelofcivilization高度文明civilizev.★storeyn.楼层★drainagen.排水★worshipn.祟拜respect;admireWhodoyouworshipintheworldwarshipn.军舰战船★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的holyadj.神圣的，圣洁的solemnadj.庄严的，庄重的sacredmusic圣乐sacredpromise神圣的诺言★fragmentn.碎片★remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟★classicaladj.（希腊和罗马）古化的classicalmusic古典音乐classicaleducation人文科学教育classicadj.第一流的Thisistheclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.classicn.杰作，经典之作★reconstructv.修复re-重新，再次construct构造，建造，组织buildhouse造建造物putupatentconstructasentenceconstructabrokenstatuaryerect:buildhighbuildingserectmonument建造纪念碑erectclocktower建造钟楼setup;establish;found建立setupstudents'unionestablishaschool/rulefoundacountryconstructionn.constructiveadj.有教育意义的constructorn.★restv.倚放，放置★hipn.屁股，臀部hipn.[口]在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的Maryisarealhip.Theguyisn'tahip.joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的Eg.:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口开河Eg.:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn'thaveshotfromthehip.★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的afull-lengthdress拽地长裙★gracefuladj.优雅的agracefulladyelegant(behavier)★identityn.身份Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。HowdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddessSometimeago,andinterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh--werebuiltofstone.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.Thecitywasequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets.Thetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcentury.untilRomantimes.Inthemostsacredroomoftemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.Thebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcentury.It'smissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcentury.ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved.Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichswepttheground.Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.参考译文不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。一个美国考古队在阿伊亚.依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座庙宇。这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明，房子一般有3层楼高，用石块修建。里面房间很大，墙壁装饰华丽。城里甚至还敷设了排水系统，因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许许多多陶土制作的排水管道。考古工作者考察的这座庙宇从公元前15世纪直到罗马时代一直是祭祀祈祷的场所。在庙中最神圣的一间殿堂里发现了15尊陶雕像的碎片。每一尊雕像代表一位女神，而且一度上过色。其中有一尊雕像，她的躯体是在公元前15世纪的历史文物中发现的，而她那身异处的脑袋却碰巧是在公元前5世纪的文物中找到的。她的脑袋一定是在古希腊罗马时代就为人所发现，并受到精心的保护。却使在当时，它也属历史悠久的珍奇之物。考古工作者把这些碎片重新拼装起来后，惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。她身高3英尺，双手叉腰。身穿一条拖地长裙，尽管上了年纪，但体态确实优美。不过，考古工作者至今未能确定这位女神的身份。【课文讲解】aninterestingdiscovery:强调discovery,体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery英文表达：事件、结果、影响、效果为主语、强调对客观事实的陈述AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich....which引导定语从句，修饰限定templewhichstandsinanancientcityon...which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.),locate(vt.)AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin...AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliesinstand表示高高坐落于，矗立于Shestands./Agreattreestandsonthemount.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,forit...for引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因Eg.:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志，oncemusthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization享有高度文明with...ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithbalckhairbeautifullydecorated过去分词做定语abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark废弃的停车场awhitepainteddoor被刷成白色的门现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroomThecitywasevenequippedwith...for...werefoundbeequippedwith配备，装备thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.for引导原因状语从句beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreetsprep.beneath=under正下方Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrellaunder在进行中：undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion讨论之中underrepairs修理之中below在下方，强调在斜下方SheissittingbelowthewindowThetemplewhich....beusedas/beusedtobe把……用作为Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.ThewoodenboxwasusedasabookcaseThewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooksinthemostsacredroomof...Eachoftheserepresented...beenpainted.representvt.代表Irepresentalltheclassmates.Thebodyofonestatuewasfound...dating现在分词，修饰remainsthecustomsdatingfrom1990Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.Thecastledatesbacktothe14thcentury.Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof...happento强调事情的偶然发生Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.句式：Ithappensthat...IthappenedthatImetheronmywaytowork.Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaywork.happenon巧遇，偶然Ihappenedonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.Guess,whoIhappenedonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonthreconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restoreamazed;verymuchsurprisedsurprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶，语气递增astonished;muchsurprised;amazed;verymuchsurprised惊奇astounded非常惊讶、惊奇、惊愕tofind.../todiscover.../torealize...I'mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhereturnout表示结果；proveturnout(tobe)+n./adj.Theconcertturnedouttobeafailure.Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuxxess.Itturnedoutthat....that从句，或其他名词从句；it作形式主语Itturnedoutthatthediamondshadbeeninthebankallthetime.Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.asitturnsoutEg.:Asitturnedout,therewasnoneedtoworry.Eg.:Asitturnedout,thereportwasmistaken.Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.reston=dependon,leanonHishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulderwhichswepttheground近一步说明拖地的，拽地的despite＝inspiteof+n./动名词Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.sofar,uptonow完成时的标志discoverheridentity;findoutheridentity【Specialdifficulties】happen(to),ithappenedthat...【Multiplechoicequestions】（1)...d...'Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcentury.'(2)...d...thisiscomfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容beemployedin:被应用在...方面（3)...a...indoingsth.:在...方面(4)...know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过（＝experience)文学用语，比experience更加正式（5)...b...since：自从主干的时态为现在完成时（6)...c...toone'ssurprise:使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）withsurprise:惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）TomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleftWithsatisfaction/delight/dismayHesmokedhislastcigarettewithsatisfaction.Hewenthomewithdismay.Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.Structure（7)...b...despite=inspiteof(可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配）（8)...b...sofar——现在完成时的标志如果用possible/impossible，要采用形势主语it...ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.Vocabulary(9)...a...原文中用到sacred（宗教的，神圣的）religious:宗教的frightening:令人害怕的colourful:丰富多彩的(10)...d...statewelldone侧重强调做得好conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留”conserveyourenergyyouneeded.wemustconserveourforestmaintain:通过修缮保养，不使...破损（强调动作的过程）“维修，保养”（11)...b...turnout=prove(12)...sofar=>untilnow,uptillnowbefroehand:(a)事先＝inadvanceatthisdistance(of/intime):时隔已久IcanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftimeLesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语double：双重的★manualadj.体力的＝physicalmanualwork:体力工作mentalwork:脑力工作★collarn.衣领white-collar:白领（domentalwork)bule-collar:蓝领（domanualwork)（get)hotunderthecollar:怒气冲天★sacrificev.牺牲，献出vt.……togiveupforgoodpurposesacrificeone'slifeforthecountrysacrificetimen.……makemanysacrifices★privilegen.好处=advantage特权（specialright)牺牲掉自己的好处：sacrificeone'sadvantage/privilege特许某人做某事：giveprivilegeofdoingsth.privileged:（a.)荣幸的★dustmann.清洁工★corporationn.公司★overallsn.工作服★showern.淋浴★secretn.秘密a.keepsecret:保密It'sbetweenyouandme.I'llkeepittomyself.confidential：机密的insecret:私下里＝secretly,inprivate,privatelyIhesecret:知道内情Hewasinthesecretformthebeginning★statusn.地位＝socialpositionstatusstatue:雕像，塑像Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。WhydidAlfwantawhite-collarjobThesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas"white-collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.Thiscangiverisetocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.Everymorning,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.Beforereturninghomeatnight.Hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.AlfdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecretAlf'swifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlfhasjustfoundanotherjob.Hewillsoonbeworkinginanoffice.Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,buthefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney.Fromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhim'Mr.Bloggs',not'Alf'.参考译文如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班，然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到薪职，不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。【课文讲解】peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworkerspeoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=>white-collarworkersformoremoneyfar-副词用来加强语气＝＝muchreferto...as=regard...as把...看作为Ialwaysrefertohimasboolworm（书呆子）forthesimplereason=>for引导的原因状语从句forthereasonthat比because正式，因此多用于正式文体humannature人性such...that...that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的基本内涵Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.＝》Suchwashiskindness...Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.介词for表示一种目的bewillingtodosth.=bereadytodosth.心甘情愿做giveriseto,leadto,cause:引起，惹起＝resultinSuchconductmightgiverisetomisunderstandings.Thecaseof:至于，就...而言＝concerningStealingisnoshameinthecaseofhim.incaseof:（连）万一，以访Youshouldensureyourhouseincaseoffire.who引导定语从句tooembarrassedtosay:太尴尬而没有说明beashamedofgetmarriedmarry(v.)如果强调动作：Hemarriedthegirl如果表示状态：getmarried,bemarried如果表明和某人已经结婚多长时间了：bemarriedtosbTheoldmanhasbeenmarriedtohiswifefor50years.too...to...：太...而不能simply:副词，用来修饰限定动词tolddressedinasmartbalcksuit---形容词短语表示一种状态Hegottoworkdressedinabeautifulcoat.Helefthomewearingasmartbalcksuit.changedinto：换上Beforereturninghome=Beforehereturnedhome在Before引导的时间状语从句中，return的逻辑主语和主句的主语he是保持一致的，所以这个时间状语是有介词Before和动名词搭配而成，相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语Aftergetttinghome,hehadagoodrest.Beforehavingdinner,hefinishedallhishomework.sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthesecret在省略句式中，never要放在助动词之前“willyougotoseeher"“Iwillnevertotoseeher"/"no,Ineverwill."halfasmuchas(heusedto)half(aquarter,twice,threetimes)as....as...---表示倍数Iwon'tmarryamanwhoistwiceasoldasme.Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleasweexpected.Thisroomisaboutthreetimesaslargeasthatone....as（形容词或副词原形）as...：是...几倍比...多几倍：...times（形容词或副词比较级）Thisroadisfourtimeslongerthanthatone.＝》Thisroadisfivetimesaslongasthatone.iswellworththelossofmoneyWhatheobtainediswellworththelossoftime.well副词用来加强语气，修饰形容词worth【Specialdifficulties】A.英语中的许多动词不能以人作为宾语，只能代某物或某事，如果需要说明是某人就要用介词toHetoldastorytome.＝》Hetoldmeastory.两类词汇：tell可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接宾语；指人的间接宾语）explain,say只能代一个（直接）宾语，在间接宾语前要介词toShespeaksEnglishtoherhusbandandSwedishtoherchildren.Headmittedhisguilttothepolice.Didyousuggestthisideatohim当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时，通常放在间接宾语之后，但say除外。Iexplainedtohimtheimpossibilityofgrantinghisrequest.Hecomfessedtomethathehadfallenasleepduringthemeeting.B.“Worth"后面只能跟名词或动名词Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.【Multiplechoicequestions】（1)...a...illustrate:阐明，阐述“...agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworker"(2)...c...doublelife(3)...d..."...hefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney"Structure(4)...b...togo可以省略Theyusuallygotoworkwearingacollarandtie.（5)...d..."Alfredwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob."too...to(不定式to表示否定)so...that:“如此，以致于”（在that引导的结果状语从句中，如果采用否定式，可以和too...to互换）Thewateristoohotforustodringk.＝＝》Thewaterissohotthatwecan'tdrink.（6)...C..."HesimplytoldherthatheworkeroftheCorporation"simply:副词“仅仅是，再没有别的了”＝only，just无论是simply，only还是just，往往用在主体词之前Ididitsimply/onlyforthemoneyIdon'tlikedoitsimply/onlybecauseIhavetogotoworkeachday.andnomore……放句尾inasimpleway:简单地，简朴地Shewasalwaysdressedinasimpleway.(7)...b...如果主、从的主语一致，可用介词和动名词形式搭配Beforereturninghome...before---连接词，引导时间状语从句Beforehereturnedhome...before引导的从句，常用一般现在时或一般过去时，不用进行时。（８）...c..."halfasmuchasitusedtobe"theamount要用定语从句进行限定usedto:当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时，之后的动词必须省略掉usedtobe:当主句的谓语动词是系动词时，之后必须带有系动词be.IfeelthesummersarehotterthattheyusedtobeIfeelyouaremuchfatterthanyouusedtobe.(9)...d...gain:获利，赢得（表示通过努力）～time,～reputation,～speed,～heightfee:（为专业服务支付的）费用doctor's～s,thelawyer's～spayformyuniversityfeespayment:(商业、信贷）支付的款项（正式）wages:(体力劳动者的）工资salary:(白领的）薪水(10)...panion:同伴（11)...c..."wellworththelossofmoney"payback:偿还，报复reward：酬劳value：价值Compensatefor=makeupfor:弥补Vacabulary（12）...a..."call"name:命名cryout:喊叫shout:喊Lesson5Thefacts确切数字【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语★editorn.编辑edit:(v.)编辑edition:(n.)编辑editorial:(a)编辑的，主编的(n.)社论，评论★extremen.极端gotoextreme(s)todo:走极端Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplaywasthebestone.Hewenttoextremestosaythathisgir