2010-2021年考研英语二合集

绝密★启用前2010年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（-） ] （科目代码：204） ] ☆考生注意事项仝.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)TheoutbreakofswinefluthatwasfirstdetectedinMexicowasdeclaredaglobalepidemiconJune11,2009.Itisthefirstworldwideepidemic]bytheWorldHealthOrganizationin41years.Theheightenedalert2anemergencymeetingwithfluexpertsinGenevathatassembledafterasharpriseincasesinAustralia,andrising3inBritain,Japan,Chileandelsewhere.Buttheepidemicis"4"inseverity,accordingtoMargaretChan,theorganization'sdirectorgeneral,5theoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsexperiencingonlymildsymptomsandafullrecovery,ofteninthe6ofanymedicaltreatment.Theoutbreakcametoglobal7inlateApril2009,whenMexicanauthoritiesnotedanunusuallylargenumberofhospitalizationsanddeaths8healthyadults.AsmuchofMexicoCityshutdownattheheightofapanic,casesbeganto9inNewYorkCity,thesouthwesternUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.IntheUnitedStates,newcasesseemedtofade10warmerweatherarrived.ButinlateSeptember2009,officialsreportedtherewas11fluactivityinalmosteverystateandthatvirtuallyallthe12testedarethenewswineflu,alsoknownas(A)H1N1,notseasonalflu.IntheU.S.,ithas_13_morethanonemillionpeople,andcausedmorethan600deathsandmorethan6,000hospitalizations.Federalhealthofficials14Tamifluforchildrenfromthenationalstockpileandbegan15ordersfromthestatesforthenewswinefluvaccine.Thenewvaccine,whichisdifferentfromtheannualfluvaccine,is16aheadofexpectations.MorethanthreemilliondosesweretobemadeavailableinearlyOctober2009,thoughmostofthose17doseswereoftheFluMistnasalspraytype,whichisnot18forpregnantwomen,peopleover50orthosewithbreathingdifficulties,heartdiseaseorseveralother19.Butitwasstillpossibletovaccinatepeopleinotherhigh-riskgroups:healthcareworkers,people20infantsandhealthyyoungpeople.

1.[A]criticized[B]appointed[C]commented[D]designated2.[A]proceeded[B]activated[C]followed[D]prompted3.[A]digits[B]numbers[C]amounts[D]sums4.[A]moderate[B]normal[C]unusual[D]extreme5.[A]with[B]in[C]from[D]by6.[A]progress[B]absence[C]presence[D]favor7.[A]reality[B]phenomenon[C]concept[D]notice8.[A]over[B]for[C]among[D]to9.[A]stayup[B]cropup[C]fillup[D]coverup10.[A]as[B]if[C]unless[D]until11.[A]excessive[B]enormous[C]significant[D]magnificent12.[A]categories[B]examples[C]patterns[D]samples13.[A]imparted[B]immersed[C]injected[D]infected14.[A]released[B]relayed[C]relieved[D]remained15.[A]placing[B]delivering[C]taking[D]giving16.[A]feasible[B]available[C]reliable[D]applicable17.[A]prevalent[B]principal[C]innovative[D]initial18.[A]presented[B]restricted[C]recommended[D]introduced19.[A]problems[B]issues[C]agonies[D]sufferings20.[A]involvedin[B]caringfor[C]concernedwith[D]wardingoffReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Thelongestbullruninacenturyofart-markethistoryendedonadramaticnotewithasaleof56worksbyDamienHirst,BeautifulInsideMyHeadForever,atSotheby'sinLondononSeptember15th2008.Allbuttwopiecessold,fetchingmorethan£70m,arecordforasalebyasingleartist.Itwasalastvictory.Astheauctioneercalledoutbids,inNewYorkoneoftheoldestbanksonWallStreet,LehmanBrothers,filedfbrbankruptcy.Theworldartmarkethadalreadybeenlosingmomentumfbrawhileafterrisingbewilderinglysince2003.Atitspeakin2007itwasworthsome$65billion,reckonsClareMcAndrew,founderofArtsEconomics,aresearchfirm—doublethefigurefiveyearsearlier.Sincethenitmayhavecomedownto$50billion.Butthemarketgeneratesinterestfarbeyonditssizebecauseitbringstogethergreatwealth,enormousegos,greed,passionandcontroversyinawaymatchedbyfewotherindustries.IntheweeksandmonthsthatfollowedMr.Hirst'ssale,SDendineofaeysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable.Intheartworldthatmeantcollectorsstayedawayfromgalleriesandsalerooms.Salesofcontemporaryartfellbytwo-thirds,andinthemostoverheatedsector,theyweredownbynearly90%intheyeartoNovember2008.Withinweekstheworld'stwobiggestauctionhouses,Sotheby'sandChristie's,hadtopayoutnearly$200minguaranteestoclientswhohadplacedworksfbrsalewiththem.ThecurrentdownturnintheartmarketistheworstsincetheJapanesestoppedbuyingImpressionistsattheendof1989.Thistimeexpertsreckonthatpricesareabout40%downontheirpeakonaverage,thoughsomehavebeenfarmorefluctuant.ButEdwardDolman,Christie'schiefexecutive,says:"I'mprettyconfidentwe'reatthebottom.^^Whatmakesthisslumpdifferentfromthelast,hesays,isthattherearestillbuyersinthemarket.Almosteveryonewhowasinterviewedfbrthisspecialreportsaidthatthebiggestproblematthemomentisnotalackofdemandbutalackofgoodworktosell.ThethreeDs-death,debtanddivorce-stilldeliverworksofarttothemarket.Butanyonewhodoesnothavetoselliskeepingaway,waitingforconfidencetoreturn.Inthefirstparagraph,DamienHirst'ssalewasreferredtoas“alastvictory^^because.theartmarkethadwitnessedasuccessionofvictoriestheauctioneerfinallygotthetwopiecesatthehighestbidsBeautifulInsideMyHeadForeverwonoverallmasterpiecesitwassuccessfullymadejustbeforetheworldfinancialcrisisBysaying"spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable^^(Line1-2,Para.3),theauthorsuggeststhat.collectorswerenolongeractivelyinvolvedinart-marketauctionspeoplestoppedeverykindofspendingandstayedawayfromgalleriesartcollectionasafashionhadlostitsappealtoagreatextentworksofartingeneralhadgoneoutoffashionsotheywerenotworthbuyingWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?Salesofcontemporaryartfelldramaticallyfrom2007to2008.Theartmarketsurpassedmanyotherindustriesinmomentum.Theartmarketgenerallywentdownwardinvariousways.Someartdealerswereawaitingbetterchancestocome.ThethreeDsmentionedinthelastparagraphare.auctionhouses9favoritescontemporarytrendsfactorspromotingartworkcirculationstylesrepresentingImpressionistsThemostappropriatetitleforthistextcouldbe<.FluctuationofArtPricesUp-to-dateArtAuctionsArtMarketinDeclineShiftedInterestinArtsText2IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom-awomen'sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheevening,onemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.Towardtheendoftheevening,Icommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon'ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid,"She'sthetalkerinourTheroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt."It'strue,^^heexplained."WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn'tkeeptheconversationgoing,we'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.^^ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituations,theyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed-butonlyafewofthemen-gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear-avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.Inmyownresearch,complaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohis,ordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cookingandsocialarrangements.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication:"Hedoesn'tlistentome.”"Hedoesn'ttalktome.^^Ifound,asHackerobservedyearsbefore,thatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobe,firstandforemost,conversationalpartners,butfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.Inshort,theimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawomanglaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk.Whatismostwives'mainexpectationoftheirhusbands?Talkingtothem.Trustingthem.Supportingtheircareers.Sharinghousework.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase"wreakinghavoc(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans.generatingmotivationexertinginfluencecausingdamagecreatingpressureAllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomennearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversationwomenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouplesafemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouseWhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfbcuson.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalkadetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoonotherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHackerText3Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors-habits-amongconsumers.Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacksorwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,Hkedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan'tfigureouthowtochangepeople'shabits,"saidDr.Curtis,thedirectoroftheHygieneCenterattheLondonSchoolofHygiene&TropicalMedicine."Wewantedtolearnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewbehaviorsthathappenautomatically.”ThecompaniesthatDr.Curtisturnedto-Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever-hadinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsfindingthesubtlecuesinconsumers9livesthatcorporationscouldusetointroducenewroutines.Ifyoulookhardenough,you'llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday-chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins-areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.Acenturyago,fewpeopleregularlybrushedtheirteethmultipletimesaday.Today,becauseofshrewdadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrands.Afewdecadesago,manypeopledidn'tdrinkwateroutsideofameal.Thenbeveragecompaniesstartedbottlingtheproductionoffar-offsprings,andnowofficeworkersunthinkinglysipbottledwateralldaylong.Chewinggum,onceboughtprimarilybyadolescentboys,isnowfeaturedincommercialsasabreathfreshenerandteethcleanserforuseafterameal.Skinmoisturizersareadvertisedaspartofmorningbeautyrituals,slippedinbetweenhairbrushingandputtingonmakeup.“Ourproductssucceedwhentheybecomepartofdailyorweeklypatterns,saidCarolBerning,aconsumerpsychologistwhorecentlyretiredfromProcter&Gamble,thecompanythatsold$76billionofTide,Crestandotherproductslastyear.“Creatingpositivehabitsisahugepartofimprovingourconsumers9lives,andit'sessentialtomakingnewproductscommerciallyviable.”Throughexperimentsandobservation,socialscientistslikeDr.Berninghavelearnedthatthereispowerintyingcertainbehaviorstohabitualcuesthroughruthlessadvertising.Asthisnewscienceofhabithasemerged,controversieshaveeruptedwhenthetacticshavebeenusedtosellquestionablebeautycreamsorunhealthyfoods.AccordingtoDr.Curtis,habitslikehandwashingwithsoap.shouldbefurthercultivatedshouldbechangedgraduallyaredeeplyrootedinhistoryarebasicallyprivateconcernsBottledwater,chewinggumandskinmoisturizersarementionedinParagraph5soastoi.revealtheirimpactonpeople'shabitsshowtheurgentneedofdailynecessitiesindicatetheireffectonpeople'sbuyingpowermanifestthesignificantroleofgoodhabitsWhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtoproductsthathelpcreatepeople'shabits?Tide.Crest.Colgate.Unilever.Fromthetextweknowthatsomeofconsumers,habitsaredevelopeddueto.perfectedartofproductsautomaticbehaviorcreationcommercialpromotionsscientificexperimentsTheauthor'sattitudetowardtheinfluenceofadvertisementonpeople'shabitsis[A]indifferent[B]negative[C]positive[D]biasedText4ManyAmericansregardthejurysystemasaconcreteexpressionofcrucialdemocraticvalues,includingtheprinciplesthatallcitizenswhomeetminimalqualificationsofageandliteracyareequallycompetenttoserveonjuries;thatjurorsshouldbeselectedrandomlyfromarepresentativecrosssectionofthecommunity;thatnocitizenshouldbedeniedtherighttoserveonajuryonaccountofrace,religion,sex,ornationalorigin;thatdefendantsareentitledtotrialbytheirpeers;andthatverdictsshouldrepresenttheconscienceofthecommunityandnotjusttheletterofthelaw.Thejuryisalsosaidtobethebestsurvivingexampleofdirectratherthanrepresentativedemocracy.Inadirectdemocracy,citizenstaketurnsgoverningthemselves,ratherthanelectingrepresentativestogovernforthem.Butasrecentlyasin1968,juryselectionproceduresconflictedwiththesedemocraticideals.Insomestates,fbrexample,jurydutywaslimitedtopersonsofsupposedlysuperiorintelligence,education,andmoralcharacter.AlthoughtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStateshadprohibitedintentionalracialdiscriminationinjuryselectionasearlyasthe1880caseofStrauderv.WestVirginia,thepracticeofselectingso-calledeliteorblue-ribbonjuriesprovidedaconvenientwayaroundthisandotherantidiscriminationlaws.Thesystemalsofailedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuriesuntilthemid-20thcentury.AlthoughwomenfirstservedonstatejuriesinUtahin1898,itwasnotuntilthe1940sthatamajorityofstatesmadewomeneligibleforjuryduty.Eventhenseveralstatesautomaticallyexemptedwomenfromjurydutyunlesstheypersonallyaskedtohavetheirnamesincludedonthejurylist.Thispracticewasjustifiedbytheclaimthatwomenwereneededathome,anditkeptjuriesunrepresentativeofwomenthroughthe1960s.In1968,theCongressoftheUnitedStatespassedtheJurySelectionandServiceAct,usheringinaneweraofdemocraticreformsforthejury.Thislawabolishedspecialeducationalrequirementsfbrfederaljurorsandrequiredthemtobeselectedatrandomfromacrosssectionoftheentirecommunity.Inthelandmark1975decisionTaylorv.Louisiana,theSupremeCourtextendedtherequirementthatjuriesberepresentativeofallpartsofthecommunitytothestatelevel.TheTaylordecisionalsodeclaredsexdiscriminationinjuryselectiontobeunconstitutionalandorderedstatestousethesameproceduresfbrselectingmaleandfemalejurors.FromtheprinciplesoftheUSjurysystem,welearnthat.bothliterateandilliteratepeoplecanserveonjuriesdefendantsareimmunefromtrialbytheirpeersnoagelimitshouldbeimposedforjuryservicejudgmentshouldconsidertheopinionofthepublicThepracticeofselectingso-calledelitejurorspriorto1968showed.theinadequacyofantidiscriminationlawstheprevalentdiscriminationagainstcertainracestheconflictingidealsinjuryselectionproceduresthearrogancecommonamongtheSupremeCourtjudgesEveninthe1960s,womenwereseldomonthejurylistinsomestatesbecausetheywereautomaticallybannedbystatelawstheyfellfarshortoftherequiredqualificationstheyweresupposedtoperformdomesticdutiestheytendedtoevadepublicengagementAftertheJurySelectionandServiceActwaspassed,.sexdiscriminationinjuryselectionwasunconstitutionalandhadtobeabolishededucationalrequirementsbecamelessrigidintheselectionoffederaljurorsjurorsatthestateleveloughttoberepresentativeoftheentirecommunitystatesoughttoconformtothefederalcourtinreformingthejurysystemIndiscussingtheUSjurysystem,thetextcenterson.itsnatureandproblemsitscharacteristicsandtraditionitsproblemsandtheirsolutionsitstraditionanddevelopmentPartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextanddecidewhethereachofthestatementsistrueorfalse.ChooseTifthestatementistrueorFifthestatementisnottrue.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)CopyingBirdsMaySaveAircraftFuelBothBoeingandAirbushavetrumpetedtheefficiencyoftheirnewestaircraft,the787andA350respectively.Theircleverdesignsandlightweightcompositescertainlymakeadifference.ButagroupofresearchersatStanfordUniversity,ledbyIlanKroo,hassuggestedthatairlinescouldtakeamorenaturalisticapproachtocuttingjet-fueluseanditwouldnotrequirethemtobuynewaircraft.Theanswer,saysDr.Kroo,lieswithbirds.Since1914,scientistshaveknownthatbirdsflyinginformation-aV-shape-expendlessenergy.Theairflowingoverabird'swingscurlsupwardsbehindthewingtips,aphenomenonknownasupwash.Otherbirdsflyingintheupwashexperiencereduceddrag,andspendlessenergypropellingthemselves.PeterLissaman,anaeronauticsexpertwhowasformerlyatCaltechandtheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,hassuggestedthataformationof25birdsmightenjoyarangeincreaseof71%.Whenappliedtoaircraft,theprinciplesarenotsubstantiallydifferent.Dr.KrooandhisteammodeledwhatwouldhappenifthreepassengerjetsdepartingfromLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandLasVegasweretoassembleoverUtah,assumeaninvertedV-fbrmation,occasionallychangeplacessoallcouldhaveaturninthemostfavourablepositions,andproceedtoLondon.Theyfoundthattheaircraftconsumedasmuchas15%lessfuel(coupledwithareductionincarbon-dioxideoutput).Nitrogen-oxideemissionsduringthecruisingportionsoftheflightfellbyaroundaquarter.Thereare,ofcourse,knotstobeworkedout.Oneconsiderationissafety,oratleasttheperceptionofit.Wouldpassengersfeelcomfortabletravellingincompanion?Dr.Kroopointsoutthattheaircraftcouldbeseparatedbyseveralnauticalmiles,andwouldnotbeintheintimategroupingsfavouredbydisplayteamsliketheRedArrows.Apassengerpeeringoutofthewindowmightnotevenseetheotherplanes.Whethertheseparationdistancesinvolvedwouldsatisfyair-traffic-controlregulationsisanothermatter,althoughaworkinggroupattheInternationalCivilAviationOrganisationhasincludedthepossibilityofformationflyinginablueprintfornewoperationalguidelines.Itremainstobeseenhowweatherconditionsaffecttheairflowsthatmakeformationflightmoreefficient.Inzonesofincreasedturbulence,theplanes'wakeswilldecaymorequicklyandtheeffectwilldiminish.Dr.Kroosaysthisisoneoftheareashisteamwillinvestigatefurther.Itmightalsobehardforairlinestoco-ordinatethedeparturetimesanddestinationsofpassengeraircraftinawaythatwouldallowthemtogainfromformationflight.Cargoaircraft,incontrast,mightbeeasiertoreschedule,asmightroutinemilitaryflights.Asithappens,America'sarmedforcesareonthecasealready.Earlierthisyearthecountry'sDefenceAdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyannouncedplanstopayBoeingtoinvestigateformationflight,thoughtheprogrammehasyettobegin.TherearereportsthatsomemilitaryaircraftflewinformationwhentheywerelowonfuelduringtheSecondWorldWar,butDr.Lissamansaystheyareunsubstantiated."MyfatherwasanRAFpilotandmycousintheskipperofaLancasterlostoverBerlin/9headds.Soheshouldknow.FindingsoftheStanfordUniversityresearcherswillpromotethesalesofnewBoeingandAirbusaircraft.Theupwashexperiencemaysavepropellingenergyaswellasreducingresistance.Formationflightismorecomfortablebecausepassengerscannotseetheotherplanes.Therolethatweatherplaysinformationflighthasnotyetbeenclearlydefined.IthasbeendocumentedthatduringWorldWarII,America'sarmedforcesoncetriedformationflighttosavefuel.SectionIIITranslationDirections:InthissectionthereisatextinEnglish.TranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)“Sustainability"hasbecomeapopularwordthesedays,buttoTedNing,theconceptwillalwayshavepersonalmeaning.Havingenduredapainfulperiodofunsustainabilityinhisownlifemadeitcleartohimthatsustainability-orientedvaluesmustbeexpressedthrougheverydayactionandchoice.Ningrecallsspendingaconfusingyearinthelate1990ssellinginsurance.He'dbeenthroughthedot-comboomandburstand,desperateforajob,signedonwithaBoulderagency.Itdidn'tgowell.uItwasareallybadmovebecausethat'snotmypassion,saysNing,whosedilemmaaboutthejobtranslated,predictably,intoalackofsales."Iwasmiserable.IhadsomuchanxietythatIwouldwakeupinthemiddleofthenightandstareattheceiling.Ihadnomoneyandneededthejob.Everyonesaid,'Justwait,you'nturnthecomer,giveitsometime.'"SectionIVWritingPartADirections:YouhavejustcomebackfromtheU.S.asamemberofaSino-Americanculturalexchangeprogram.WritealettertoyourAmericancolleaguetoexpressyourthanksfbrhis/herwarmreception;welcomehim/hertovisitChinainduecourse.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“ZhangWeiMinstead.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)+PartBDirections:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshouldinterpretthechartandgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Mobile-phonesubscriptions绝密★启用前2011年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（-） ] （科目代码：204） ] ☆考生注意事项仝.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.Butthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcyber-crimethathas1acrosstheWeb.Canprivacybepreserved2bringingsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly3?Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation'scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta4tomaketheWebasaferplace-a"voluntarytrustedidentity“systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech5ofaphysicalkey,afingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled6one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential7toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto8afederationofprivateonlineiden出ysystems.Userscould9whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver'slicense10bythegovernment.GoogleandMicrosoftarcamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-orTsystemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto11justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.12 ,theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden95incyberspace,withsafe“neighborhoods“andbright6tst^eetlights^^toestablishasenseofa13community.Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa"voluntaryecosystem^^inwhich“individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith14,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure15whichthetransactionruns.^^Still,theadministration'splanhas16privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould17beacompulsoryInternet“driver'slicense^^mentality.Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe"voluntaryecosystem“envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet19 .TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.

1.[A]swept[B]skipped[C]walked[D]ridden2.[A]for[B]within[C]while[D]though3.[A]careless[B]lawless[C]pointless[D]helpless4.[A]reason[B]reminder[C]compromise[D]proposal5.[A]information[B]interference[C]entertainment[D]equivalent6.[A]by[B]into[C]from[D]over7.[A]linked[B]directed[C]chained[D]compared8.[A]dismiss[B]discover[C]create[D]improve9.[A]recall[B]suggest[C]select[D]realize10.[A]released[B]issued[C]distributed[D]delivered11.[A]carryon[B]lingeron[C]setin[D]login12.[A]Invain[B]Ineffect[C]Inreturn[D]Incontrast13.[A]trusted[B]modernized[C]thriving[D]competing14.[A]caution[B]delight[C]confidence[D]patience15.[A]on[B]after[C]beyond[D]across16.[A]divided[B]disappointed[C]protected[D]united17.[A]frequently[B]i