过去完成时第一课时

肯定句：…have/has+done否定句：…have/hasnot

+done一般疑问句：Have/has...done?PresentPerfectTense现在完成时肯定句：：…hadnot

+done一般疑问句：PastPerfectTense过去完成时…had+done否定句Had...

done?Yes,…had.No,…hadn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had…done…?KobeBryanthadalreadywonthreeNBAChampionswithShaqO’Nealbeforehewonthefourthonein2009.TheWaltDisneyCompanyhadalreadyowned5DisneyLandby2016whentheoneinShanghaistartedrunning.过去完成时概念概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。Theywereputintoboxes.ThentheyweresenttoMadagascar.TheyhadbeenputintoboxesbeforetheyweresenttoMadagascar.过去完成时的判断依据:由时间状语来判定by+

过去的时间点。如：Norabbithadbeenpoliceofficerby2010.(2)bytheendof+

过去的时间点。如：MonkeyKinghadbeenlockedupfor500yearsbytheendofhisprisonterm.TuringhadbrokentheEnigma(德军密码系统)beforethetimeof1945.FromTheImitationGame(3)before+过去的时间点。如：2.没有明显的时间状语，由“过去的过去”来判定：宾语从句中:在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：Hesaidthattheyhadgotavault(金库)set.Thelittleprincehadleftbeforethemanfixedhisplane.(2)主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：McQueenwenttothesmalltown.Dr.Hudsonwasaracecar.Dr.HudsonhadbeenaracecarwhenMcQueenwenttothesmalltown.过去完成时的主要用法表示一个动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。如：Theywentintotheundergroundworld.Dinosaurshavelivedintheundergroundworldformanyyears.Whentheywentintotheundergroundworld,theyfoundthatdinosaurshadlivedintheundergroundworldformanyyears.4.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如:1.WhenI______________(arrive)atthestation,he____________(leave)2..We_______________(learn)about4000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.3.Iwaiteduntilhe_______________(finish)hishomework.4.Weweresurprisedatwhatshe________already______(do)5.She____________(notgo)toQingdaobecauseshe________________(be)therebefore.6.He______________(nottell)youthenewsyet.7.Hesaidhe_____________already_________(give)thebooktotheteacher.8.I______________(be)toShanghaibefore.9.Shetoldmeshe_________________(be)toSanyathreetimes.10.She_____________(play)theguitarwhilehersister______________(sing).arrivedhadhadlearnedhaddonefinishedhadleft