2013年初试真题上外mti题目

2013MTI14:00-17:00翻译英Cloze(30’FillintheblankswithoneappropriateNEWYORK,Nov15(Reuters)-ForAmerica,2012willgodowninhistoryastheyearoftheLatinos,theblacks,thewomenandthegays.ThatrainbowcoalitionwonBarackObamahissecondterm.ThistriumphoftheoutsidersispartlyduetoAmerica'schangingdemographics.AnditisnotjusttheUnitedStatesthatis ingmorediverse.Canadais,too,1.ismuchofThatiswhyitisworththinkinghardabouthowtomake2..teamseffective,andhow3..straddletwoculturalworldscansucceed.Threeacademics,appropriayenoughadiversegroupbasedinAsiaandAmerica,havebeenngsomeprovocativeresearch4.suggeststhatourabilitytocomfortablyintegrateourdifferentidentities-ornot-isthe.5In"ConnectingtheDotsWithin:CreativePerformanceandIdentityIntegration,"Chi-YingChengofSingaporeManagementUniversity,JeffreySanchez-BurksoftheRossSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofMichigan,andFionaLee,6.attheUniversityofMichigan,arguethatethnicminoritiesandwomeninmale-dominatedprofessions7..aremostcreativewhentheyhavefoundawaytobelievethattheir"multipleand8..socialidentitiesarecompatible.""Wetriedtoseehowpeoplewhohavetodealwith9..in-cultureorgenderidentitiescope,"Chengtoldme.Their10. wasthatpeoplewhohavefoundawaytoreconciletheirtwoidentities-Asian-Americans,for11. ,orwomenwhoworkinmale-dominatedjobslikeengineering-arethebest12 findingcreativesolutionstoproblems."Thosewhoseetheiridentitiesas13 ,theyarebetteratcombiningideasfromthetwoidentitiestocomeupwithsomethingnew,"Chengsaid."14. thosewhoalsosharethesetwosocialidentities,15. seethemasbeingin,theycannotcomeupwithnewideas."Cheng,Sanchez-BurksandLeedevisedaresearchstrategytoprobethisissuethatyoudonotneedaPh.D.toappreciate:TheyaskedAsian-AmericanstoinventnewfusioncuisinedishesusingbothtypicallyAsianandtypicallyAmericaningredients,andtheyaskedfemaleengineerstodesignproductsgearedspecificallytowomen.Inbothcases,peoplewhowereatpeacewiththeirdualidentitiesperformedbetter."Asian-Americanswhohadhigherbiculturalintegrationcouldcreatemorecreativerecipes,andtheybelieveditwaspossibletocomeupwithmorerecipes,"Chengsaid."Bycontrast,Asian-Americanswhofeeltheirtwoidentitiesareincannotcomeupwithasmanycreativerecipes.''Chenghasherownexperienceofbeingaminority.Sheisfrom butwenttograduateschoolintheUnitedStates;sheisawomanbuthastaughtinthemale-dominatedenvironmentofgraduatebusinessschools.Shedoesnotminimizethechallengeofcomingtotermswiththissortofdiversity."Peoplewhohavehighidentityintegration,itisnotthattheyaremoreeasygoing.Itisthattheyfindpeacebetweenthetwodifferentworlds,"Chengsaid."Itisnotthateasy.Pretendingdoesn'twork.Therehastoberealunderstandingandintegrationbetweenthetwoworlds.Theyfindawayforthetwoworldstocoexistinsidea."Thisacademicworkisausefulprismforunderstandingthemanwhomaybetheworld'sprominentintegratoroftwopotentiallyingidentities:Obama.Hehasgainedadmissiontowhatusedtobethemostexclusivewhiteclubofall,theWhiteHouse,whileremainingpatentlyateasewithhisblackidentity.AsChengadvises,Obamadoesnotignorethecomplexitiesofstraddlingthesetwoworlds:HeernswithanacuteawarenessoftheparticularchallengesablackskinposesforthemanAmericansstillliketodescribeastheleaderoftheworld.Buttheisalsodeeplyat-asintheelectionn,whenheralliedprettymuchallAmericanswhothinkofthemselvesasdifferent.TheconclusionsofCheng,Sanchez-BurksandLeesuggestatantalizingfollow-upquestion:Howcanweachievethealintegrationthesescholarshaveidentifiedascrucialtomakingavirtueofdiversity?FurtherresearchbyChengoffersoneanswer:"Youcanintegrateyouridentitiesifyouhavepositivebiculturalexperiences.Themacrosystemcaninfluencethemicrosystem."Inotherwords,iftheworldarounduslsusourdualidentitiesarecompatible,wewillbelievetheywilldobetter.IfAsian-Americansliveinacommunitythatcelebratesbothaspectsoftheiridentity,theywillbemoreeffective.America'srainbowcoalitionwonattheballotboxthismonth,butinothersettingsthenationhasealittlewearyofdiversity-cheeringmovementslikemulticulturalismandevenfeminism.Cheng'sworksuggeststhatcynicismmaybemisced.Diversitycanwork,butwehavetoworkatit.Readingthepassageandanswerfollowingquestions.Accordingtotheauthor,howcanaminoritysucceedintheU.S.?WhydoesChengconsiderBarackObamasuccessful?ElaborateonCheng’ssaying“Themacrosystemcaninfluencethemicrosystem.”Whatdoestheauthoralludetointhephrase“rainbowcoalition”?WritingCommentonhowtosucceedinanincreasinglydiverseworld?5008:30-11:30短语英译汉GreatAmericapivottoThe18thCPCCapitol9.EuroZoneCrisis10.GazaStrip短语汉译英独立自主和平政长角洲（60节选自ForeignAffairs这本的一篇文章。全文如下 BrokenBRICs:WhytheRestStoppedRisingByRuchirSharmaNovember/December2012TheRisingoftheRestOverthepastseveralyears,themosttalked-abouttrendintheglobaleconomyhasbeentheso-calledriseoftherest,whichsawtheeconomiesofmanydevelocountriesswiftlyconvergingwiththoseoftheirmoredevelopedpeers.Theprimaryenginesbehindthisphenomenonwerethefourmajoremerging-marketcountries,knownastheBRICs:Brazil,Russia,,and.Theworldwaswitnessingaonce-in-a-lifetimeshift,theargumentwent,inwhichthemajoryersinthedeveloworldwerecatchinguptoorevensurpassingtheircounterpartsinthedevelopedTheseforecaststypicallytookthedeveloworld’shighgrowthratesfromthemiddleofthelastdecadeandextendedthemstraightintothefuture,juxtaposingthemagainstpredictedsluggishgrowthintheUnitedStatesandotheradvancedindustrialcountries.Suchexercisessupposedlyprovedthat,forexample,wasonthevergeofovertakingtheUnitedStatesastheworld’slargesteconomy-apointthatAmericansclearlytooktoheart,asover50percentofthem,accordingtoaGalluppollconductedthisyear,saidtheythinkthatisalreadytheworld’s“leading”economy,eventhoughtheU.S.economyisstillmorethantwiceaslarge(andwithaper eseventimesashigh).Aswithpreviousstraight-lineprojectionsofeconomictrends,however-suchasforecastsinthe1980sthatJapanwouldsoonbenumberoneeconomically-laterreturnsarethrowingcoldwaterontheextravagantpredictions.Withtheworldeconomyheadingforitsworstyearsince2009,growthisslowingsharply,fromdoubledigitsdowntosevenpercentorevenless.AndtherestoftheBRICsaretumbling,too:since2008,Brazil’sannualgrowthhasdroppedfrom4.5percenttotwopercent;Russia’s,fromsevenpercentto3.5percent;and’s,fromninepercenttosixpercent.Theunusualcircumstancesofthelastdecademadeitlookeasy:comingoffthecrisis-ridden1990sandfueledbyaglobalfloodofeasymoney,theemergingmarketstookoffinamassupwardswingthatmadevirtuallyeveryeconomyawinner.By2007,whenonlythreecountriesintheworldthereisalotlessforeignmoneyflowingintoemergingmarkets.Theglobaleconomyisreturningtoitsnormalstateofchurn,withmanylaggardsandjustafewwinnersrisinginunexpectedces.Theimpli