TOEFL-词以类记(打印版)

part1.天文类1astronomy天文astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文台astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体celestialmap(skyatlas)天体图celestialsphere天球dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星quasar类星体，类星射电源constellation星座galaxy(MilkyWay)新河系cluster星团solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转，绕转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteorshower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space(outerspace)太空，外层空间spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman(astronaut)宇航员，航天员spacesuit宇航服，航天服spaceshuttle航天飞机spacetelescope空间望远镜astronaut宇航员star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云spacedebris太空垃圾ammonia氨corona日冕chromosphere色球photosphere色球层convectionzone对流层vacuum真空infraredray红外线chondrite球粒absolutemagnitude绝对量级radiation辐射emission发射，散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪2geography地理geography地理geographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线，经线parallel平行圈，纬线latitude经度longitude精度elevation海拔altitude高度temperatelatitudes温带地区horizon地平线equator赤道tropics热带地区Arctic北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极expedition探险timezone时区topography地形，地形学plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern(cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continentalshelf大陆架ranges山脉valley峡谷canyon峡谷channel(strait)海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的，陆地的terrestrialheat(geothermal)地热terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)地磁continentaldrift大陆漂移学说sea-floorspreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉淀物，沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的formation形成frostheaving冻胀现象fieldstone卵石3geology地质学geologist地质学家crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳layer(stratum,复数strata)地层plate板块fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift(crack;split)断裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石igneousrock火成岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithogenous岩成的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金，铂silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞，水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期glacialdrift冰渍iceberg冰山volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火山灰earthquake(quake;tremor;seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismicwave地震波cataclysm灾变4anthropologist人类学家paleoanthropologist古人类学家ecologicalanthropologist生态人类学家psychologicalanthropologist心理人类学家origin起源originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid人（科）homogeneous同一种族（种类）的tribe部落clan氏族archeologist考古学家excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘ruins遗迹，废墟remains遗迹，遗骸artifact手工艺品relic遗物，文物antique古物，古董antiquity古代，古老StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge（青）铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的archaeology考古学anthropology人类学morphology形态学skull颅骨cranial颅骨的5ecology生态学ecologist生态学家ecosystem生态系统balance(ofnature)自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora植物群rainforest雨林foodchain食物链acidrain酸雨greenhouseeffect温室效应infraredradiation红外线辐射ozonelayer(ozonosphere)calculus微积分differentialcalculus微分学integralcalculus积分学function函数probability概率statistics统计quantitative量的，数量的qualitative质的，质量的deduction(inference)推论，演绎induction归纳10agriculture农业agriculture(farming)农业agricultural农业的land(soil)土壤；土地soilconservation土壤保护soilerosion泥土流失silt粉砂，泥沙clay黏土，湿土clod土块agrarian土地的，农业的pilot(experimental)试验性的harrow(rake)耙，耙土ridge田埂furrow犁沟plot（patch）小块地ranch农场，牧场plantation种植园orchard果园nursery苗圃seedbed苗床sickle镰刀spade铲，锹shovel(平头)铲pick稿tractor拖拉机cultivate(till)耕作sow(seed)播种harvest收割weed除草irrigate灌溉manure(fertilizer)肥料spray喷洒（农药）insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest害虫rust锈病grain(cereal)谷物，谷粒granary(grainstore)粮仓mill碾，磨wheat小麦corn玉米rice大米barley大麦sorghum高粱oats燕麦rye黑麦millet粟，小米vegetable蔬菜horticulture园艺学hydroponics水栽法，营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse,hotbed)温室cabbage洋白菜lettuce生菜mustard芥菜spinach菠菜broccoli花椰菜cucumber黄瓜eggplant茄子pepper辣椒pumpkin南瓜tomato西红柿beet甜菜carrot胡萝卜radish小红萝卜pea豌豆soybean大豆celery芹菜garlic大蒜leek韭菜onion洋葱头potato土豆peanut花生sesame芝麻cotton棉花husbandry(animalhusbandry)畜牧业pasture牧场livestock家畜fowl(poultry)家禽cattle牛，家畜buffalo野牛dairy(dairycattle)奶牛dairyfarm乳牛场hay（作饲料用）干草haystack干草堆fodder(feed)饲料trough饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽stable厩，马厩cowshed牛棚pigpen(hogpen,pigsty)猪圈sheepfold(sheeppen)羊栏roost(henhouse)鸡舍fishfarm养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖11animal动物Darvinism达尔文学说naturalselection自然选择class纲order目family科genus属suborder亚目species种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic(life)水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian(amphibiousanimal)两栖动物dinosaur恐龙bird鸟类extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物primates灵长目动物insect昆虫antenna(复数antennae)触须larva幼虫，幼体camouflage伪装pest害虫worm虫，蠕虫hibernate冬眠lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色蜥蜴regeneration再生turtle龟beast野兽domesticate驯养predatory(carnivorous)食肉的predator捕食者prey（动词）捕食（名词）被捕食的动物scavenger食腐动物migrate迁移wing翅膀，翼bill（鸟）嘴beak（鹰等的）嘴nest筑巢dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼bat蝙蝠gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩habitat栖息地rodent啮齿动物（如松鼠）primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如珊瑚）shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster对虾crab螃蟹clam蛤蜊sponge海绵coral珊瑚starfish海星canary金丝雀chirp(鸟，虫的叫声)唧唧squeak（老鼠等）吱吱porpoise海豚sloth树懒slothful懒惰的hygiene卫生sanitation卫生parasite寄生虫moth蛾caterpillar毛虫hordes(昆虫等)群swarms(昆虫等)群flock（鸟，羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落herd兽群bunch（花等）束，捧beaver海狸monogamous一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的polygamous一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的trapper诱捕动物者rhinoceros犀牛niche小生态环境vestige退化器官，遗迹oyster牡蛎fertilizer使…受精larvae幼虫tentacle触角homotherm恒温动物poikilotherm变温动物metabolism新陈代谢baboon狒狒breed(名词)品种，（动词）繁殖multiply（reproduce）繁殖hatch孵spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等)孵offspring(young)解剖学anatomy解剖学appetite食欲creature生物microbe微生物herbivorous食草的carnivorous食肉的omnivorous杂事的12plant植物botany植物学botanist植物学家botanical(botanic)植物的plant植物aquaticplant水生植物parasiteplant寄生植物root根canopy树冠层，顶棚foliage(leaf)叶leaflet小叶rosette(叶的)丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄shoot(sprout)嫩芽，抽枝flower花bud花蕾petal花瓣peel(skin)果皮shell(硬)果壳husk（干）果壳；（玉米）苞叶trunk树干branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝bark树皮jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow草地，牧场prairie大草原shrub(bush)灌木cluster一簇（灌木）fern蕨类植物herb草photosynthesis光合作用symbiosis共生wither(shrivel,fade)凋谢pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉pollination授粉cell细胞tissue组织organ器官system系统seeds种子everlasting永久的orchid兰花pollinate授粉crossbreed杂交shrub灌木sequoia红杉rootpressure根压cohesion-tension凝聚压力bore腔，肠column花柱symbiotic共生的immunity免疫organism生物，有机物necrosis坏死barren贫瘠futile无用的carbohydrate(starch)碳水化合物（淀粉），糖类glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin维他命calorie卡路里（热量单位）malnourished营养不良的nutrition营养13politics政治constitution宪法legislation立法Democrats民主党Republicans共和党Amendment修正案Congress美国国会Senate参议院HouseofRepresentatives众议院monarchy君主制anarchism无政府主义federalsystem联邦制presidentialsystem总统制municipal市的，市政的metropolitan大都市的centralized中央集权的ideology意识形态maneuver擦略tariff关税immigrant移民institutionalize机构化election选举vote投票officeholding任职veto否决AmericanRevolution美国革命/独立战争IndependenceWar美国独立战争AmericanCivilWar美国内战radical激进的,根本的overturning颠覆性的independent独立的breathtaking激动人心的military军事的colonize拓殖，殖民percapita人均treason叛国conspiracy阴谋imprisonment监禁release释放pardon特赦accusation谴责，指控welfare福利patronage资助，赞助unionization联合，结合14education教育educator教育家highereducation高等教育moralcharacter道德品质domain领域faculty全体教员alumni校友treasurer生活委员，财务大臣electivesystem选课制度curriculum课程（总称）discipline学科，管理learnbyrote死记硬背15music音乐musicalinstrument乐器orchestra乐队string弦乐wind管乐shookrattle摇拨浪鼓pounddrum击鼓footbeat点脚，跺脚percussion震荡，打击乐器note音符score乐谱movement乐章fanatical狂热的hillbillymusic乡村音乐folkmusic民间音乐popmusic流行音乐classicalmusic古典音乐