历年考研英语真题及答案(考研必备)

2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

SectionIListeningComprehension

Directions：

ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwi11heara

selectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.There

arethreepartsinthissection,PartA,PartBandPartC.

Remember,whileyouaredoingthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.

AttheendoftheIisterlingcomprehensionsection,youwi11have5minutestotransferalIyour

answersfromyourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.

NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.

PartA

Directions：

Forquestions1-5,youwi11hearatalkaboutthegeographyofBelgium.WhileyouIisten,fi11

outthetablewiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengivento

youinthetable.Writeonly1wordornumberineachnumberedbox.Youwi11heartherecording

twice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthetablebelow.(5points)

GeographyofBelgium

ThreemainregionscoastaIplain

centraIplateau

1

Highestaltitudeofthecoastalplain_________m2

ClimateneartheseaHumid

3

ParticularlyrainymonthsoftheyearsApriI

4

AveragetemperaturesinJulyinBrusselslow13℃

high_℃5

PartB

Directions：

ForQuestions6-10,youwi11hearaninterviewwithMr.SaffofromtheInstitutefortheFuture.

WhileyouIisten,compIetethesentencesoranswerthequestions.Usenotmorethan3wordsfor

eachanswer.Youwi11heartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentences

andquestionsbeIow.(5points)

WhatisSaffoaccordingtohimself?

TheInstitutefortheFutureprovidesservicestoprivatecompaniesand.

TheInstitutebeIievesthattothinksystematicallyaboutthelong-rangefutureis.

Tosucceedinanything,oneshouldbeflexible,curiousand.

WhatdoesSaffoconsidertobeessentialtotheworkofateam?

6

7

8

9

10

PartC

Directions：

Youwi11hearthreepiecesofrecordedmaterial.BeforeIisterlingtoeachone,youwi11have

timetoreadthequestionsrelatedtoit.WhileIisterling,answereachquestionbychoosing[A],

[B],[C]or[D].AfterIistening,youwi11havetimetocheckyouranswers.Youwillheareach

pieceonceonly.(10points)

Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingtalkaboutnamingnewborns.Younowhave15seconds

toreadQuestions11-13.

11.Whatdoweoftendowiththethingswelove?

[A]Askfortheirnames.

[B]Namebabiesafterthem.

[C]Putdowntheirnames.

[D]Choosenamesforthem.

12.TheunpleasantmeaningofanoldfamiIynameisoftenoverlookedif.

[A]thefamilytreeisfairlyIimited

2大家版词典级31年考研英语真题及答案

[B]thefamilytieisstrongenough

[C]thenameiscommonIyused

[D]nobodyinthefamilycompIains

13.Severalmonthsafterababy'sbirth,itsnamewi11.

[A]showthebeautyofitsown

[B]developmoreassociations

[C]losetheoriginalmeaning

[D]helpformthebaby,spersonality

Questions14-16arebasedonthebiographyofBobbyMoore,anEnglishsoccerplayer.Younow

have15secondstoreadQuestions14-16.

14.HowmanymatchesdidMooreplayduringhisprofessionalcareer?

[A]90

[B]108

[C]180

[D]668

15.In1964,BobbyMoorewasmade.

[A]EngIand*sfootbalIeroftheyear

[B]asoccercoachinWestGermany

[C]amedaIistforhissportsmanship

[D]anumberoftheOrderoftheBritishEmpire

16.AfterMooreretiredfromplaying,thefirstthinghedidwas.

[A]editingSundaySport

[B]workingforCapitalRadio

[C]managingprofessionalsoccerteams

[D]developingasportsmarketingcompany

Questions17-20arebasedonthefollowingtalkonthecityofBelfast.Younowhave20seconds

toreadQuestions17-20.

17.Belfasthaslongbeenfamousforits.

[A]oiIrefinery

[B]Iinentextiles

[C]foodproducts

[D]deepwaterport

18.WhichofthefollowingdoesBelfastchieflyexport?

[A]Soap

[B]Grain

[C]Steel

[D]Tobacco

19.WhenwasBelfastfounded?

[A]In1177

[B]In1315

[C]Inthe16thcentury

[D]Inthe17thcentury

20.WhathappenedinBelfastinthelate18thcentury?

[A]Frenchrefugeesarrived.

[B]Theharborwasdestroyed.

[C]Shipbuildingbegantoflourish.

[D]ThecitywastakenbytheEnglish.

Younowhave5minutestotransferalIyouranswersfromyourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.

Section11UseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],

[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

ManytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniIedelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeopIe)

focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories

21ontheindividualsuggestthatchiIdrenengageincriminaIbehavior22theywere

notsufficientlypenaIizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehavior

through23withothers.TheoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchiIdren

commitcrimesin24totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,25

asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.

MosttheoriesofjuveniIedelinquencyhavefocusedonchiIdrenfromdisadvantagedfamiIies,

26thefactthatchiIdrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommit

crimes27lackofadequateparentalcontrol.AlItheories,however,aretentativeandare

28tocriticism.

Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly29juveniIecrimerates.Forexample,

changesintheeconomythat30tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunempIoyment

31makegainfulempIoymentincreasingIydifficu11toobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmay

in32leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior.

FamiIieshavealso33changestheseyears.MorefamiIiesconsistofone-parent

householdsortwoworkingparents；34chiIdrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionat

home35wascommoninthetraditionalfamily36Thislackofparentalsupervision

isthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuveniIecrimerates.Other37causesofoffensiveacts

includefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased38ofdrugsandalcohol,andthe

growing39ofchildabuseandchildneglect.AlItheseconditionstendtoincreasethe

probabiIityofachiIdcommittingacriminalact,40adirectcausalrelationshiphasnot

yetbeenestabIished.

21.[A]acting

[B]relying

[C]centering

[D]commenting

22.[A]before

[B]unless

[C]until

[D]because

23.[A]interaction

[B]assimilation

[C]cooperation

[D]consultation

24.[A]return

[B]reply

[C]reference

[D]response

25.[A]or

[B]butrather

[0]but

[D]orelse

26.[A]considering

[B]ignoring

[C]highlighting

[D]discarding

27.[A]on

[B]in

[C]for

[D]with

28.[A]immune

[B]resistant

[C]sensitive

4大家版词典级31年考研英语真题及答案

[D]subject

29.[A]affect

[B]reduce

[C]check

[D]reflect

30.[A]point

[B]lead

[0]come

[D]amount

31.[A]ingeneral

[B]onaverage

[C]bycontrast

[D]atIength

32.[A]case

[B]short

[C]turn

[D]essence

33.[A]survived

[B]noticed

[C]undertaken

[D]experienced

34.[A]contrarily

[B]consequently

[C]similarly

[D]simultaneously

35.[A]than

[B]that

[C]which

[D]as

36.[A]system

[B]structure

[C]concept

[D]heritage

37.[A]assessable

[B]identifiable

[C]negIigibIe

[D]incredible

38.[A]expense

[B]restriction

[C]allocation

[D]availability

39.[A]incidence

[B]awareness

[0]exposure

[D]popularity

40.[A]provided

[B]since

[C]although

[D]supposing

Section111ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]

or[D],MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbIedacrossCareerBuiIder,ajob

databaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite's

“personalsearchagent.°Ifsaninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteria

suchaslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-maiIsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedin

thedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D.C.Three

weekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening.“Istruckgold,"saysRedmon,who

E-maiIedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany.

Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbe

time-consumingandinefficient.Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothe

databases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowing

yourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou："Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminate

apossibiIity.nsaysoneexpert.

Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconcept-whatyouthinkyouwanttodo

-thenbroadenit.“Noneoftheseprogramsdothat,wsaysanotherexpert."There'snocareer

counseIingimplicitinalIofthis.”Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakind

oftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase；whenyougetE-maiI,consider

itaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.“Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverything

thatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,"saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.

Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareersite*sagentsends

outmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythree

potentialjobs-thoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase；

jobhunterswi11havetovisitthesiteagaintofindthem-andtheydo."Onthedayafter

wesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,MsaysSethPeets,vicepresident

ofmarketingforCareerSite.

Eventhosewhoaren*thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhiIe.Someusethem

tokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirIineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensation

toarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,Redmonmaintainshis

agentatCareerBuiIder.“Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,"hesays.Workingwithapersonal

searchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.

41.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?

[A]Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.

[B]Bypostingamatchingpositioninadatabase.

[C]Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.

[D]ByE-maiIinghisresumetoadatabase.

42.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchagents?

[A]LackofcounseIing.

[B]Limitednumberofvisits.

[0]Lowerefficiency.

[D]Fewersuccessfulmatches.

43.Theexpression“tipservice”(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans.

rA_

LJIadvisory

rBu

Lcompensation

rcu

Linteraction

rDT

LJreminder

44.WhydoesCareerSite*sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?

[A]Tofocusonbetterjobmatches.

[B]Toattractmorereturningvisits.

[0]Toreservespaceformoremessages.

[D]Toincreasetherateofsuccess.

45.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

[A]Personalsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-hunters.

[B]SomesiteskeepE-maiIingjobseekerstotracetheirdemands.

[C]Personalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed.

[D]Someagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareemployed.

Text2

Overthepastcentury,alIkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedor

madeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive：alphabetism.This,forthoseasyet

unawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwith

aletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiac

carswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.Lesswe11knownistheadvantagethat

AdamAbbotthasinIifeoverZoeZysman.EngIishnamesarefairlyevenIyspreadbetweenthehaIves

ofthealphabet.Yetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwith

6大家版词典级31年考研英语真题及答案

lettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandC

respectively；and26ofGeorgeBush'spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthe

firsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthe

sevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,

Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld*sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,

DuisenbergandHayami)arealIclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyuses

Japanesecharacters.Asaretheworld*sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,ElIisonand

Albrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupina11thesparetimeenjoyedbythe

alphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearin

infantschooI,teachersseatpupiIsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremember

theirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedthe

improvingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabetically

disadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.YettheresultmaybeworsequaIifications,

becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswe11aslessconfidenceinspeakingpubIicly.

ThehumiNationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheir

awardsfirst；bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareIiteralIyhavingaZZZ.ShortIists

forjobinterviews,eIectionballotpapers,Iistsofconferencespeakersandattendees：alItend

tobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

46.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoiIlustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

[A]Akindofoverlookedinequality.

[B]Atypeofconspicuousbias.

[C]Atypeofpersonalprejudice.

[D]Akindofbranddiscrimination.

47.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

[A]InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess.

[B]ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman.

[C]Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies,names.

[D]Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize.

48.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat.

[A]questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

[B]alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

[0]teachersshouldpayattentiontoalIoftheirstudents

[D]studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

49.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“mostpeopleareIiterallyhavingaZZZ”(Lines2-3,Paragraph

5)?

[A]Theyaregettingimpatient.

[B]Theyarenoisilydozingoff.

[C]TheyarefeelinghumiIiated.

[D]Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles.

50.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

[A]PeopIewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareofteni11-treated.

[B]VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism.

[C]Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytogo.

[D]Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias.

Text3

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe

47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe*dIiketo,

either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butIastmonthtwoIongtimecustomerssuddenIy

stoppedshowingup.SperobIamesthesofteningeconomy.magoodeconomicindicator,Mshe

says."IprovideaservicethatpeopIecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsome

dollars.”SoSperoisdownscaIing,shoppingatmiddle-browDiIlard'sdepartmentstorenear

hersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoing

toabandonme,too.Mshesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lots

ofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsofthesIowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGap

outlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,

wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautious

approachiscomingatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay,hoiidaysalesareoff7percentfrom

lastyear*space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.ConsumersseemonlymiIdlyconcerned,

notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy*slong-termprospects,even

astheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey*renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadIines,theirown

fortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,

“there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4mi11ionto$10mi11ionrange,predominantlyfed

byWalIStreetbonuses,saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesaresti11rising

evenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.uInsteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwo

orthree,MsaysJohnTealdi,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelpretty

comfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

ManyfolksseesilverIiningstothisslowdown.PotentiaIhomebuyerswouldcheerforlower

interestrates.Employerswouldn,tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumers

seemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessary

ingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattanTs

hotnewAlainDucasserestaurantusedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.

maystillbeworthtoasting.

51.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Lines1-2,Paragraph1),theauthor

means.

[A]Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness

[B]Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork

[C]Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit

[D]Speroisnotinadesperatesituation

52.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

[A]Optimistic.

[B]Confused.

[C]Carefree.

[D]Panicked.

53.Whenmentioninguthe$4mi11ionto$10mi11ionrangeM(Lines3-4,Paragraph3)theauthor

istalkingabout.

[A]goldmarket

[B]realestate

[0]stockexchange

[D]ventureinvestment

54.Whycanmanypeoplesee“silverlinings”totheeconomicsIowdown?

[A]Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

[B]Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

[C]SuchasIowdownusuallyprecedesaboom.

[D]Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

55.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

[A]Anewboom,onthehorizon.

[B]Tightenthebelt,thesingleremedy.

[C]CautionalIright,panicnot.

[D]Themoreventures,themorechances.

Text4

Americanstodaydon'tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathletes,

entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.EvenourschoolsarewherewesendourchiIdren

togetapracticaleducation—nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.Symptomsof

pervasiveanti-intellectualisminourschooIsaren,tdifficulttofind.

“Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthan

inte11ectuaI,MsayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.“Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance.M

Ravitch*slatestbook,LeftBack：ACenturyofFailedSchooIReforms,tracestherootsof

anti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetothe

AmericandistasteforintellectuaIpursuits.

Buttheycouldandshouldbe.EncouragingkidstorejecttheIifeofthemindleavesthem

vuInerabIetoexpIoitationandcontroI.WithouttheabiIitytothinkcritica11y,todefendtheir

ideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.

Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarIShorris,uWewi11becomeasecond-ratecountry.

Wewi11havealesscivilsociety.M

8大家版词典级31年考研英语真题及答案

4Intellectisresentedasaformofpowerorprivilege,writesh