电气化铁路发展史61张课件

2019铁道部高级专业技术人员培训讲座之一(1)电铁发展1电力牵引的早期发展历史2我国及世界电气化铁路概况3法国TGV与德国ICE北京交大电气学院吴命利2019铁道部高级专业技术人员培训讲座之一(1)11电力牵引早期发展历史EarlyDevelopmentHistoryofElectrictraction1.1Socialdemand1.2Earlyexperiments1.3Inventionofdcdynamoandmotor1.4Emergenceofelectricrailway1.5EarlydevelopmentsofelectricrailwayEditedbywumingli2019.101电力牵引早期发展历史21.1Socialdemand(1)Thescientificwonderoftodayisthecommonplaceoftomorrow.Thisiscertainlytrueofelectricitysapplicationtoourmodernneeds.Thelittleelectricmodelsconstructedbearlyinventorshavedevelopedintotheelectricexpresses(b4)andgiantelectricfreightengines,inusethroughouttheworldatthepresenttime(2)Theelectriclocomotiveandelectricmotorcoach(电动客车mayberegardedasnaturaldevelopmentsthathavefollowedsteamtraction.Theiremergenceistheresultofsocialdemandontherapidtrainservicesforthenewbuilt-upsuburbanareasspreadinginalldirectionsroundlargecities1.1Socialdemand31.2EarlyExperiments(1)ThefirstexperimentalelectricrailwayintheworldisattributedtoThomasDavenport,ablacksmithofVermontU.S.A.,whoexhibitedasmallrailwayoperatedbyaminiatureelectricmotorin1835.利用电磁铁制作了往复式电动机,驱动车辆在轨道上行使,供游人参观。(2)AScotsman(苏格兰人)namedRobertDavidsonbuiltin1838anelectriclocomotivethatattainedaspeedoffourmilesanhour(3)InEnglandapatentwasgrantedin1840fortheuseofrailsasconductorsofelectriccurrentandsimilarAmericanpatentswereissuedtoLilleyandColtenin18471.2EarlyExperiments4(4)In1847,also,ProfessorFarmeroperatedanelectriccarcarryingtwopassengersatDover,NewHampshireBetweenthatyearand1858numerousexperimentswerecarriedoutinvariouspartsoftheworld,inwhichsmallrail-androad-carswereoperatedbymeansofelectricstoragebatteries(5)1850年,美国的霍尔利用地面上的电池作电源驱动车辆运行(6)ItwasonApril29,1851,thatasmallroad-car,builtbyProfessorPageoftheSmithsonianInstitute,attainedaspeedofnineteenmilesanhournearwashington-totheutterdestructionofthebatteries(4)In1847,also,ProfessorFa51.3InventionofDCdynamoandmotor(1)In1858Pacinotteinventedthecontinuouscurrentdynamo.Thisinventionwasfollowedbythedevelopmentofself-energizinfieldmagnetsbythreeenglishmen-Wheatstone,Varley,andLadd,bytheGermanengineerSiemens,andalsobytheAmericaninventor,ProfessorFarmer.1861年Siemens制作了直流发电机(2)Thisgroupofmen,workingquiteindependently,achievedthesameresultalmostsimultaneouslyintheyears1866-7.ThreeyearslateraFrenchscientist,Gramme,producedthefirstpracticaldirectcurrentdynamo,withself-excitingfieldmagnetsandanarmaturewoundwithwireintheformofacontinuousringLatertheringtypeofarmaturegaveplacetothedrumarmaturesdesignedbyVanAlteneckandProfessorRowland(3)1866年Siemens制作了直流电动机。1.3InventionofDCdynamoand61.4EmergenceofElectricRailway(1)Betweentheyears1867and1879thedevelopmentofthlynamoandmotorwentonapace(飞快地,butnoexperimentalattemptsappeartohavebeenmadetoapplyelectrictractiontorailways,exceptforasmallbatterylocomotiveintheU.S.A.in1875(2)AttheBerlinExhibitionof1879some600yardsoftrackwerelaid,onwhichalittlethree-horse-powerelectricenginedesignedbyWernervonSiemens,hauledaloadofsomethirtypassengersataspeedoffourmilesanhour.Currentwassuppliedbyathirdraillaidbetweenthetrackrail.轨距1m,电力机车重954kg,安装由约2kW串激式2极直流电动机,由150V外部直流电源经敷设在线路中间的第三轨供电,两走行轨回流。它牵引了三辆敞开式“客车”,每辆可坐6人最大时速可达13km。4个月的展览期间共运送8万多乘客1.4EmergenceofElectricRail7THESIEMENSELECTRICRAILWAYlaiddownattheberlinexhibitionof1879.Theshortlinewasabout600yardslong,andcurrentwasdrawnfromathirdrailbetweenthetrackwhichactedasthereturntothedynamo.Thelocomotivehauledamaximumofsomethirtypassengersataspeedofaboutfourmilesanhour.Thishistoricillustrationshowsoneoftheearliesttrainloadsofpassengers,seateduponthreecarriages.THESIEMENSELECTRICRAILWAYl8THETHREE-HORSEPOWERelectriclocomotivebuiltbyWernervonSiemensfortheberlinExhibitionof1879.Theengine,whichcreatedagreatsensation(轰动)initsday,wasmountedonatruck(转向架)withthedrivetotheaxlethroughspurgearing(正齿轮THETHREE-HORSEPOWERelectric9(3)Siemens'demonstrationledtootherexhibitionsatBrussels,Dusseldorf.andFrankfurt.SiemensandHalskethenbuiltalinetoLichterfelde,nearBerlin,oneandahalfmileslong(fh林近郊的利希特菲尔德车站至军事学院之间,长2.45kmThisline,whichwasopenedfortrafficwithoneelectriccarin1881wasthefirstpublicelectricrailwayintheworld.Themotorwascarriedonaframebelowthebodyofthecarbetweentheaxles.Powerwastransmittedfromthearmatureofhemotortodrumsonthedrivingaxlesbymeansofsteelcables.Thecarcarriedtwenty-sixpassengers,andranatthirtymilesanhouronacurrentsupplyof100volts(4)同年,法国巴黎国际电工展览会上展出了一条长500m用两条架空线授电的电车线路(3)Siemens'demonstrationled10电气化铁路发展史61张课件11电气化铁路发展史61张课件12电气化铁路发展史61张课件13电气化铁路发展史61张课件14电气化铁路发展史61张课件15电气化铁路发展史61张课件16电气化铁路发展史61张课件17电气化铁路发展史61张课件18电气化铁路发展史61张课件19电气化铁路发展史61张课件20电气化铁路发展史61张课件21电气化铁路发展史61张课件22电气化铁路发展史61张课件23电气化铁路发展史61张课件24电气化铁路发展史61张课件25电气化铁路发展史61张