武振龙-乳酸菌与动物肠道健康

武振龙中国农业大学2021-11-12广州乳酸菌与动物肠道健康Drissietal.,2021Distributionofbacteriainhumangastrointestinaltract乳酸菌：常用的益生菌Bacteria,Fungi,ProtozoaViruses,Entericmicrobiome乳酸菌分布与来源FelisandDellaglio,2021Plant:silageFermentedfoodGItractsandorgans221Lacobacillusspecies分布:

广The

LactobacillusspeciesfoundintheGIThavereceivedtremendousattentionduetotheirhealth-promotingproperties.

人肠道中的乳酸菌：<1%(16SrDNA)APPLIEDANDENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGY,Aug.2021仅少数乳酸菌有益生作用〔20%〕动物肠道中乳酸菌：丰富〔16SrDNA〕乳酸菌(Lacticacidbacteria,LAB):肠道中重要益生菌我国农业部2021年公布可使用的微生物34个，11个是乳酸菌1950年，FDA首次批准抗生素用作饲料添加剂;瑞典：1986年首先提出来禁止饲料中添加抗生素;丹麦：2000年起抗生素在兽医监督下使用欧盟：2006年全面禁止抗生素作为饲料添加剂美国：FDA从2021年起用3年时间禁止使用抗生素中国：2021年底在停用4种喹诺酮类〔洛美、培氟、氧氟、诺氟沙星〕2021年11月停止硫酸黏杆菌素的饲料添加剂2021年我国抗生素使用量为16.2万吨，52%为动物用抗生素在畜牧生产中应用：抗生素不标准使用带来食品平安、耐药细菌出现禁止添加促生长Probiotics：lacticacidbacillusPrebioticsEnzymesNaturalproductsEssentialoilsImmunostimulantsOrganicacidsNontherapeuticalternativesJ.Agric.FoodChem.2021,62,860−866〔一〕提高猪的生长性能：哺乳仔猪

〔一〕提高猪的生长性能：肠绒毛发育乳酸菌提高猪的生长性能：断奶仔猪KangDK,JMicrobio(2021)Table1Effectof

Lactobacillusplantarum

ZLP001supplementationongrowthperformanceofweaning〔一〕提高猪的生长性能：采食量处理组：乳酸菌〔好实沃猪用沃顺100〕，有效活菌数≥1.0×1010CFU/g乳酸菌提高猪的生长性能：生长猪〔一〕提高猪的生长性能：减少腹泻发生改善蛋品质、降低氨浓度处理组：乳酸菌〔好实沃禽用沃顺100〕，有效活菌数≥1.0×1010CFU/g，108/kgfeed〔二〕改善肠屏障功能营养物质吸收和利用防止肠腔中有害物质引起损伤选择通透性〔二〕改善肠屏障功能：粘蛋白的表达乳酸菌粘蛋白？ChadeeK.AmJPhysiolGastrointestLiverPhysiol(2007)Andersonetal.,2021〔二〕改善肠屏障功能：降低通透性LactobacillusrhamnosusGGpreventsH2O2-induceddisruptionoftightjunctionproteininCaco-2cellmonolayersRaoandSamak,2021Yangetal.BMCMicrobiology(2021)15:32Lactobacillusmodulatestightjunctionproteinexpressioninnewbornpiglets〔三〕维持内环境稳态：抗氧化功能Intestinalbalancebetweenoxidativestressandredox〔三〕维持内环境稳态：抗氧化功能Freeradicalscavengingactivityofpeptidesinthesoluble

fromskimmilkproteinsfermentedbyselectedLactobacillusElfahrietal.,2021IntJPrevMed2021;7:102LactobacillusfermentumSuoAttenuatesHCl/EthanolInducedGastricInjuryinMicethroughItsAntioxidantEffectsSuoetal.,2021〔三〕内环境稳态：促进细胞增殖CDTheEMBOJournal

(2021)

32,

3017-3028〔四〕免疫调节作用EffectofLactobacillusplantarumB1onsecretedIgA

(sIgA)concentrationinilealmucosaPengetal.,2021〔四〕免疫调节作用：sIgA分泌L.plantarumTN8mitigatesthehistologicaldamageindistalcolonofratsinducedwithTNBScolitis.Trabelsietal.,2021〔四〕免疫调节作用：缓解炎性细胞浸润〔四〕免疫调节作用：细胞因子表达FerreiraDosSantosetal.,2021LGG：positivecontrolZJ615：LowadhesivestrainofLactobacillusZJ617：highadhesivestrainofLactobacillusAnaerobe

22,97–103(2021)Inflammatorycytokines

ZJ615(LowadhesiveLB)ZJ617(HighadhesiveLB)GaoK,etal,ScientificReports

6,28332

免疫调节机理Figure3.Effectofvarioustreatmentsonthegastrointestinal(GI)transitinthemousemodelofactivatedcarbon-inducedconstipation(n=10pergroup)ExpTherMed2021Jan;9(1):272-278.〔五〕改善胃肠道蠕动，减少便秘发生EffectsofLactobacillusrhamnosusonchronic-alcohol-inducedliversteatosisZhangetal.,2021〔六〕调节糖脂代谢LactobacillusplantarumFH185reducedadipocytesizeoftheepididymalfatpadsinmicewithdiet-inducedobesityA.Normaldiet;B.Highfatdiet;C.Highfatdiet+ABT-3;D.Highfatdiet+L.plantarumParketal.,2021Lactobacillusamelioratesfructose-inducedhepaticfattyacidaccumulationYvonneRitzeetal.,2021EffectofLactobacillusGGontheseverityofalcoholicsteatohepatitisassessedbythetotalliverhistology,livernecroinflammationscores,liverfatcontentandliverMPOlevelForsythetal.,2021YvonneRitzeetal.,2021MechanismsofactionofprobioticsintheGItractNutritionalbenefitsContributetothedegradationofundigestablefoodsBlocktheeffectsofpathogenicbacteriaReducepathogenbindingDecreaseluminalpHProduceantibacterialbacteriocinsRegulateepithelialcellhomeostasisEnhancedbarrierfunctionPromotecytoprotectiveresponsesImprovecellsurvivalIncreasemucinproductionModulateintestinalimmunefunctionReducepro-inflammatorycytokinesPromotethesecretionofIgA优良乳酸菌株的选育产酸力：pH3.8~4.0,乳酸含量150-250mmol/L菌活性：胃肠停留时间，胆盐强度及水解活性益生作用：抑菌、益生、生长性能、肠道稳态平安性评估：GRAS标准基因工程手段：饲料加工工艺改进：有效活菌数冻干保护剂：糖、氨基酸低温喷雾枯燥：多糖与蛋白质复配微胶囊包埋技术减少饲料加工、储存、运输对乳酸菌活性的影响：可耐受高温制粒、常温贮存〔好实沃〕减少饲料加工、储存、运输对乳酸菌活性的影响乳酸菌黏附及作用机理KangDK,JMicrobio(2021)Acknowledgements:Fundingsupport:NationalBasicResearch