山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

高二英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Fromwhichplatformwillthewomangetontothetrain?A.Platform5.B.Platform10.C.Platform12.2.Whatcoloristheman'stoothbrush?A.Green.B.Red.C.Blue.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apainting.B.Aphotograph.C.Amovie.4.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?AScared.B.Relaxed.C.Amused.5Howmuchhasthepriceofthedressedown?A.$80.B.$70.C.$150.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisLindalookingfor?A.Anotebook.B.Acoat.C.Abag.7.WhereisJohn?A.Inanoffice.B.Inhishome.C.Inarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredidthemanhaveartlessonsthismorning?A.Inamuseum.B.Intheclassroom.C.InMs.Green'shouse.9.Whatpicturedidthemandrawinthepetition?A.ApictureofMs.Green.B.ApictureofPicasso.C.Apictureofhimself.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakerslookingat?A.Aphone.B.Abook.C.Amap.11.Whatisthespeakers'finaldestination?A.Thelake.B.Theforest.C.Thebigrocks.12.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Findanewroute.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Drinksomewater.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowlongwasthewomaninLondon?A.For2years.B.For5years.C.For15years.14.Whydidthewomaneback?A.Shemissedherfamily.B.Shefoundabetterjobhere.C.LivinginLondonwascostly.15.Whatsurprisedthewoman?A.Theman'sfamily.B.Theman'sjob.C.Theman'sphonenumber.16.Wheredidthemaninvitethewomantovisit?A.Hisownhouse.B.Hisparents'house.C.Thesupermarket.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwillthefairbegin?A.At6a.m.B.At9a.m.C.At4p.m.18.Wherecancarsbeparked?A.Atthemiddleschool.B.Ataparkinglotnearby.C.Atthemunitycenter.19.Howmuchdopeoplepaytoattendthefair?A.None.B.$2.C.$15.20.Whowillthemoneybedonatedto?A.Alocalschool.B.Theseniorcenter.C.Thewholeneighborhood.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABelowarefourofthemostpurchasedbookswecoveredthisyear.TheVeryHungryCaterpillarbyEricCarleThetimelessclassicpicturebook,fromgenerationtogeneration,soldsomewhereintheworldevery30seconds!Abeautifulbooktogiveasagiftfornewbabies,babyshowers,andothernewbeginnings!Featuringinteractivediecutpagesandbeautifullyillustratedpages,thisboardbookeditionistheperfectsizeforlittlehandsandgreatforteachingcountinganddaysoftheweek.StopOverthinkingbyNickTrenton“Overthinkingisthebiggestcauseofunhappiness”.Thisbestsellerproposestheideathatacceptancedoesn’tmeanweagreewithwhathappenedorthatwelikeitandshouldn’ttrytochangeit;itonlymeanswegracefullyetotermswithwhatwecan’trealisticallychange,sowecanfocusonwhatwecan.EattoBeatYourDietbyWilliamWLiNowinEattoBeatYourDiet,Dr.Lishowsreadershowaddingtherightfoodstoyourdietcanhelpreduceunhealthybodyfat,andresultinthekindofweightlossthatcanincreaseyourlifespanandrechargeyou.Bothinformativeandpractical,thebookoffersafourweekmealplanforhealthseekers,easyshoppingtipsandmorethanamonthofcrowdpleasingrecipes.PlantifullyLeanbyKikiNelsonInPlantifullyLean,Kikisharesmorethan125wideranging,plantbased,lowfatrecipesandafourweekmealplan.Itwaswrittentohelpanyonefindhealthandwellbeing,whethertheyaimtoloseweight,oraddresshighbloodpressure.Kikiwriteswithwarmthandincludesinspirationoneverypage.Itwillhelpyouchangefromtheinsideout.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheVeryHungryCaterpillar?A.Itisagiftforeveryoccasion. B.Itisintendedforbabies.C.Itistargetedforteachingdrawing. D.Itisashortlivedfashion.2.WhichofthefollowingmayNickTrentonagreewith?AMakechangeswithincapabilities. B.Risetothechallenge.C.Thinkbig,aimhigh. D.Accepteverythingwithjoy.3.WhatdoEattoBeatYourDietandPlantifullyLeanhaveinmon?A.Theyhighlighteatingless.B.Theyprovidedeliciousrecipes.C.Theyemployinspiringlanguage.D.Theyadvocateeatingforhealth.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本销量最好的书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章TheVeryHungryCaterpillarbyEricCarle部分“Abeautifulbooktogiveasagiftfornewbabies,babyshowers,andothernewbeginnings!(一本可以作为礼物送给新生儿、婴儿送礼和其他新的开始！)”可知，TheVeryHungryCaterpillar这本书是专为婴儿设计的，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章StopOverthinkingbyNickTrenton部分“Thisbestsellerproposestheideathatacceptancedoesn’tmeanweagreewithwhathappenedorthatwelikeitandshouldn’ttrytochangeit;itonlymeanswegracefullyetotermswithwhatwecan’trealisticallychange,sowecanfocusonwhatwecan.(这本畅销书提出的观点是，接受并不意味着我们同意所发生的的事情，也不意味着我们喜欢它，不应该试图改变它；这只是意味着我们优雅地接受我们无法改变的事情，这样的话我们就可以专注于我们能改变的事情。)”可知，这本书表达了NickTrenton的观点：我们应该在能力范围内做出改变，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章EattoBeatYourDietbyWilliamWLi部分“Bothinformativeandpractical,thebookoffersafourweekmealplanforhealthseekers,easyshoppingtipsandmorethanamonthofcrowdpleasingrecipes.(这本书内容丰富，实用性强，为寻求健康的人提供了为期四周的膳食计划、简单的购物技巧和一个多月的大众喜爱的食谱。)”和PlantifullyLeanbyKikiNelson部分“Itwaswrittentohelpanyonefindhealthandwellbeing,whethertheyaimtoloseweight,oraddresshighbloodpressure.(它是为了帮助任何人找到健康和幸福，无论他们是为了减肥还是为了解决高血压问题。)”可知，这两本书的共同点在于它们都介绍了健康饮食的食谱，都倡议健康饮食，故选D。BMydog,Harvey,isalwayslookingforsomethingtodo.Helovestofetchtheball,runafterbirds’shadowsandbitebones.Ifnoneofthoseareavailable,he’llfindsomethingelsetodo.He’llchewourshoes,digholesinthegardenortaketoiletpaperofftheroll.Thisisthereasonwegavehimamiddlename:Danger.HarveyDangerisametaphor(暗喻)formymind.Heislikeanactiveandcreativemind.MyexperiencewithhavingacreativemindisthatifIdon’tgiveitatask,somethingwillturnonitself.Tobefrank,severalyearsago,Ididn’tthinkIwascreative.Iwasjustanordinaryhumanstickingtomydailyroutine.ButthingschangedwhenIcameacrossanarticlewrittenbyBreneBrown.SheputforwardatheoryIhadneverheardof.“There’renosuchbeingsascreativepeopleornoncreativepeople.There’reonlypeoplewhousetheircreativityandpeoplewhodon’t,”Brownwrote.“Unusedcreativityisnotbenign.Itcantransformandturnintoanger,sorrow,shameanddepression.”Ihaveamindthatisallofthosethingsbinedand,ifitdoesn'thaveanythingtotakeitsattention,itwillgosearchingforthings.Ittendstodonegativethingsorfindthingslikeworriesortroublestofocuson.Thatdoesn’tmeanthatthosewithcreativemindsneedtobebusilythinkingallthetime.Whatitmeansisthatourmindsneedatask.It'saboutreleasingourcreativeenergytokeepourmindshealthy.BeforeIthrowaballtoHarveybecauseit’snotonlygoodforbothofus,butalsogoodforthegardenthatIdon’twantdugupI’llleaveyouwithBrown’swisdom.Justgivethedogajob,andyou’llhaveahappierlife.4.Whywastheauthor’sdognamedDanger?A.Itwarnedpeopleagainstpossibledogbites.BHewasbornwithanactiveandcreativemind.C.Hewouldputthingsinamesswhenfree.D.Itshowedtheauthor’screativity.5.Whatchangedtheauthor’sunderstandingofcreativity?A.Hisdog’spositivebehavior.B.Anarticleaboutdailyroutine.C.BreneBrown’stheoryaboutcreativity.D.Hisstrongdesiretofightnegativefeelings.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“benign”inparagraph3mean?A.Attractive. B.Abnormal.C.mon. D.Harmless.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Trainingdogstohelpwithhousework.B.Stayingcreativetoaddtoourhappiness.C.Avoidingleavingadogaloneinthegarden.D.Keepingacreativemindhealthywithtasks.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章通过对小狗总是在找事情做的描述，表达了作者认为我们需要向小狗一样，通过不断地找事情做，通过释放创造力来保持我们的头脑健康。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ifnoneofthoseareavailable,he’llfindsomethingelsetodo.He’llchewourshoes,digholesinthegardenortaketoiletpaperofftheroll.Thisisthereasonwegavehimamiddlename:Danger.(如果这些都没有，他会找别的事情做。他会咬我们的鞋子，在花园里挖洞，或者把厕所里的卫生纸拿走。这就是我们给他取名“危险”的原因。)”可知，作者给狗取名“危险”的原因是因为它没事的时候，会将东西弄得一团糟，故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Tobefrank,severalyearsago,Ididn’tthinkIwascreative.Iwasjustanordinaryhumanstickingtomydailyroutine.ButthingschangedwhenIcameacrossanarticlewrittenbyBreneBrown.SheputforwardatheoryIhadneverheardof.“There’renosuchbeingsascreativepeopleornoncreativepeople.There’reonlypeoplewhousetheircreativityandpeoplewhodon’t,”Brownwrote.(老实说，几年前，我并不认为自己有创造力，我只是坚持日常生活的普通人。但当我看到BreneBrown写的一篇文章时，情况发生了变化。她提出了一个我从未听说过的理论。Brown写道：“没有创造性的人或者非创造性的人。只有利用他们的创造力的人和不利用他们的人。”)”可知，关于Brown创造力的理论改变了作者关于创造力的想法，故选C。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词“benign”后文内容“Itcantransformandturnintoanger,sorrow,shameanddepression.(它可以转变并成为怒气、伤心、羞愧和抑郁。)”可知，后文说到未使用的创造力可以转变为一些消极情绪，故此处的“benign”与“harmless(没有伤害的)”意思相近，故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段“Whatitmeansisthatourmindsneedatask.It'saboutreleasingourcreativeenergytokeepourmindshealthy.(这意味着我们的思想需要一项任务。这是关于释放我们创造力来保持我们的头脑健康。)”可知，文章通过对小狗总是在找事情做的描述，表达了作者认为我们需要向小狗一样，通过不断地找事情做，通过释放释放创造力来保持我们的头脑健康，故文章主要讲述的是通过做任务来保持头脑健康，故选D。CThepowerofeffectivemarketinghasalonghistory.Inthe19thcentury,anewproduct,soap,becameavailabletoeveryoneinEnglandatalowprice.EveryBritishsoapproducerfacedfiercepetition.Theiranswerwastofocusonpromotionandtoeupwithattractivevisuals,catchyslogansandpetitionstoincreasesales.Yetitcanallveryeasilygowrong.Howeverclevertheadvertisementis,aproductthatnobodywantsisnotgoingtosell.Inthemotorindustrytherearestoriesofproductsthatthepublicsimplydidnotwant.In1957,Fordintroducedanewmodel,Edsel.Followinganinvestmentof$400million,thepanysoldonly25percentofthecarstheyproducedandlost$350million.PerhapsFord'sbiggestmistakewastomisjudgethedemandfromtheAmericanpublic.Americahadjustenteredaneconomicrecession(衰退),sothelastthingpeoplewantedwasalarge,expensivecarthatusedalotoffuel.Onspecialpromotions,paniesmayunderestimatedemandandspendalotmorethantheybudgetedfor.AclassiccaseisthatofHoover,avacuum(真空的)cleanerpany,whichofferedtwofreeairticketstoanyonewhoboughtavacuumcleanerformorethanonehundredpounds.Theticketscostfarmorethantheappliance.Salesincreased30%butthecostofthepromotionwasmassive.Thepanylostover£40millionandintheenditwasputupforsale.Customersmayfindadifferentmeaninginpublicitythanthepromotersintended.Names,symbolsandevencolorsareallpossibledangerareas.PepsiColamadeanenormousmistakeinsomeregionsinchangingthecolorofitsvendingmachinestolightblue,acolorassociatedwithdeath.Themessageforsuccessfulmarketingpaniesisnevertomakeassumptionsaboutyourtargetaudience.Otherwise,evencreative,memorablepromotioncangodisastrouslywrong!8.WhatledtothefailureofEdselin1957?A.Thefuelconsumption. B.Theappearanceofthevehicle.C.Thepromotionadvertisement. D.Theinvestmentontheresearch.9.WhatcanweinferaboutHoover?A.Itsproductswereofhighquality. B.Itcausedeconomicrecession.C.Itwentbrokefinally. D.Itsmarketingstrategywaspractical.10.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthetext?A. B.C. D.11.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A.Theprinciplesofeffectivemarketing. B.Thefailuresofimproperpromotions.C.Thefunctionsofattractiveadvertisements. D.Thecrueltyofmarketpetition.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了对于成功的营销公司来说，要传达的信息是永远不要对你的目标受众做出假设。否则，即使是富有创意、令人难忘的促销活动也可能出现灾难性的错误。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In1957,Fordintroducedanewmodel,Edsel.Followinganinvestmentof$400million,thepanysoldonly25percentofthecarstheyproducedandlost$350million.PerhapsFord'sbiggestmistakewastomisjudgethedemandfromtheAmericanpublic.Americahadjustenteredaneconomicrecession(衰退),sothelastthingpeoplewantedwasalarge,expensivecarthatusedalotoffuel.(在1957年，福特推出了一款新型车型。在投资4亿美元后，该公司只售出了其生产的25%，损失了亿美元。也许福特最大的错误就是误判了公众的需求。美国刚刚进入经济衰退，所以人们最不想要的就是一辆大而昂贵的汽车，而且它需要大量的燃油。)”可知，福特在1957年失败的原因在于对公众需求的误判，此车对燃油的需求太大了，而对于正处于经济衰退的美国人来说，太多的燃油是他们消费不起的，故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“AclassiccaseisthatofHoover,avacuum(真空的)cleanerpany,whichofferedtwofreeairticketstoanyonewhoboughtavacuumcleanerformorethanonehundredpounds.Theticketscostfarmorethantheappliance.Salesincreased30%butthecostofthepromotionwasmassive.Thepanylostover£40millionandintheenditwasputupforsale.(一个经典的例子就是Hoover，一个真空吸尘器的清洁公司，该公司给以100英镑以上的价格购买真空吸尘器的顾客提供两张免费机票。该机票远远高于电器的价格。销售额增长了30%，但促销成本是巨大的。这家公司损失了4000多万美元，最后被出售。)”可知，这家公司损失太多，最终将自己出售了，故可推知，它最终破产了，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thepowerofeffectivemarketinghasalonghistory.Inthe19thcentury,anewproduct,soap,becameavailabletoeveryoneinEnglandatalowprice.Yetitcanallveryeasilygowrong.(有效营销的力量由来已久。在19世纪，一种新产品肥皂以低廉的价格在英国人人都能买到。然而，这一切很容易出错。)”可知，文章第一段以英国肥皂引出有效营销这一话题，在第一段末用“这一切都很容易出错”引出后文；通过文章第二段“Howeverclevertheadvertisementis,aproductthatnobodywantsisnotgoingtosell.(无论广告多美巧妙，一个没人想要的产品都不会被选中。)”、文章第三段“Onspecialpromotions,paniesmayunderestimatedemandandspendalotmorethantheybudgetedfor.(在特别促销活动中，公司可能会低估需求，花费比预算多得多。)”和文章第四段“Customersmayfindadifferentmeaninginpublicitythanthepromotersintended.(顾客可能会在宣传中发现与推广人预期的不同的含义。)”可知，二三四段分别从三个方面说明营销方面的错误；通过文章最后一段“Themessageforsuccessfulmarketingpaniesisnevertomakeassumptionsaboutyourtargetaudience.Otherwise,evencreative,memorablepromotioncangodisastrouslywrong!(对于成功的营销公司来说，要传达的信息是永远不要对你的目标受众做出假设。否则，即使是富有创意、令人难忘的促销活动也可能出现灾难性的错误。)”可知，最后一段总结全文，对于成功的营销公司来说，要传达的信息是永远不要对你的目标受众做出假设。故文章的结构是总分总结构，故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Yetitcanallveryeasilygowrong.(然而，这一切都很容易出错。)”可知，文章通过三个方面的举例，说明了营销方面常见的三种错误，故文章主要讲述的是不合理营销的失败案例，故选B。DHumanmadeplasticmaterialshavebeesoessentialthatitcanbehardtograspthattheybarelyexistedacenturyago.Atmydesk,I'mtypingonaplastickeyboard,scrollingaplasticmouse,andpickingupaplasticpen.Dayafterday,moreplasticentersmylife,whetherit'sashampoobottleornewrunningshoes.Theinventionofsynthetic(合成的)plasticsintheearly1900swasasuccessofinnovation，withchemistsrealizingtheycouldorchestratemolecularstructures(编排分子结构)tocreatematerialsthatarelighter,stronger,brighter,cheaper,moreflexibleandmoredurable.DuringWorldWarII,nylonandotherplasticsbecameessentialtothewareffort.Whenthewarended,theinitialplasticsindustryfocusedonmakingproductsforeverydaylife.Buttheoveruseofplastichasbeeacurse,withabandonedobjectsblockingwaterwaysandlandfills.Andwhenplasticdoesfinallyfallapart,tinyparticlesgointotheenvironment.We'veknownforyearsthatmicroplasticshavespreadintotheoceans.Inthisissue,wereportonresearchconfirmingthatmicroplasticsarealsostoringupinourbodies.Plasticparticleshavebeenfoundinhumanblood,inbodytissuesandinbreastmilk.Talkaboutenvironmentalpollutionhittingclosetohome.AsindependentjournalistAnnePintoRodriguesreports,microplasticsprobablyenterthehumanbodythroughthefoodweeat,thewaterwedrinkandeventheairwebreathe.Thoughconsumingmicroplasticsalongwithlunchisfrighteningenough,theideathatwemightbetakingininvisiblebitswitheachbreathfeelsmuchmoredisturbing.Researchershaveonlyrecentlybegunquantifyingtheabundanceofmicroplasticsintheair,soit'snotyetclearwherepeoplefacethemostexposure.Alsouncleariswhatimpact,ifany,microplasticshaveonhumanhealth.Scienceisfullofexamplesofunintendedconsequences.Microplasticsareanunintendedconsequencethatwecan'tputbackintotheTupperware.Merelyswitchingfromplastictopaperbagswon'tfixthisproblem.Sciencenowneedstodeterminetheextentofthethreatmicroplasticsmightposeandinventnewwaystoprotectagainstanyharms.12.Whatisparagraph3mainlyaboutconcerningplastic?A.Thewidespreaduse. B.Theseriousconsequences.C.Therecyclingmethods. D.Thechemicalstructure.13.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“hittingclosetohome”inparagraph4?A.thatisshocking B.thatisdecliningC.thatisappealing D.thatisdemanding14.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsplastic?A.Itcantaketheplaceofpaper.B.Itposesnothreattosomeextent.C.Newsolutionsareexpectedtodealwithitsharms.D.Tupperwareistoblameforitsunintendedresults.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Plasticbagsorpaperbags?B.Microplastics:Todieoutornot?C.Willyouweleplasticsintoyourlife?D.Wheredoesplasticgowhenwe'redonewithit?【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料的发展以及塑料给人们带来的危害。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Buttheoveruseofplastichasbeeacurse,withabandonedobjectsblockingwaterwaysandlandfills.Andwhenplasticdoesfinallyfallapart,tinyparticlesgointotheenvironment.We'veknownforyearsthatmicroplasticshavespreadintotheoceans.Inthisissue,wereportonresearchconfirmingthatmicroplasticsarealsostoringupinourbodies.Plasticparticleshavebeenfoundinhumanblood,inbodytissuesandinbreastmilk.(但是塑料的过度使用已经成为一种诅咒，废弃的物体堵塞了水道和垃圾填埋场。当塑料最终破裂时，微小的颗粒就会进入到环境里。多年来，我们已经知道微塑料已经扩展到海洋中。在本期中，我们报道了一项研究，证实微塑料也在我们的体内储存。在人体血液里、身体阻止和母乳中都发现了塑料颗粒。)”可知，本段主要讲述塑料过度使用带来的严重的后果，塑料颗粒已经进入到了人体内，故选B。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线短语“hittingclosetohome”后文的提示“AsindependentjournalistAnnePintoRodriguesreports,microplasticsprobablyenterthehumanbodythroughthefoodweeat,thewaterwedrinkandeventheairwebreathe.Thoughconsumingmicroplasticsalongwithlunchisfrighteningenough,theideathatwemightbetakingininvisiblebitswitheachbreathfeelsmuchmoredisturbing.(正如独立记者AnnePintoRodrigues报道的那样，微塑料可能通过我们吃的食物、喝的水甚至呼吸的空气进入到人体内。尽管午餐时摄入微塑料已经够可怕的了，但我们每次呼吸都会摄入看不见的东西，这让人更加感到不安。)”可推知，这一报道是令人感到惊讶的，令人恐慌的，故此处的短语“hittingclosetohome”与“thatisshocking(令人震惊的)”意思相近，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sciencenowneedstodeterminetheextentofthethreatmicroplasticsmightposeandinventnewwaystoprotectagainstanyharms.(科学家现在需要确定微塑料可能造成威胁的程度，并发明新的方法来防止任何伤害。)”可知，在作者看来，科学家需要想出新的方法来处理微塑料带来的危害，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Humanmadeplasticmaterialshavebeesoessentialthatitcanbehardtograspthattheybarelyexistedacenturyago.Atmydesk,I'mtypingonaplastickeyboard,scrollingaplasticmouse,andpickingupaplasticpen.Dayafterday,moreplasticentersmylife,whetherit'sashampoobottleornewrunningshoes.(人造塑料已经变得如此重要以至于很难理解它们在一个世纪前几乎不存在。再我的办公桌上、我再塑料键盘上打字，滚动塑料鼠标，拿起塑料笔。日复一日，越来越多的塑料进入我的生活，无论是洗发水瓶还是新跑鞋。)”可知，本文通过第一段塑料在我们生活中的重要性引出了后文塑料不仅为危害着环境，新的报道表明，塑料还通过各种方式进入到人体中，对人的身体造成了伤害，故D项“用完塑料后，塑料都去哪里了？”符合文章标题，通过设问的形式，引出文章的主题，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You'veebackfromyourholidayandyoufeelamazinglyrecharged.____16____Then,youopenyourinbox.Youhavehundreds,ifnotthousands,ofunansweredemails.Suddenly,yourcalmstartstodisappearandyourbloodpressurestartstorise.Yet,that'snowaytostartyourfirstdayatworkafteraholiday.Here'swhatyoudotokeepyourstresstoaminimumafterabreak.____17____Takethistimetounpackanddosomehousework.Dowhateveryouneedtodotowrapuptheholidaybitsandslowlystartgettingbackintoyourdailyroutine.Whenyoudothis,you'remuchmorelikelytosufferfromlessstress.Youwillalsofeelmorepreparedgoingbackintowork.Asmuchaspossible,limityourmeetingsandscheduledmitmentsthefirstweekback.____18____Theworstthingyoucandoishavebacktobackmeetingsthefirstfewdayswithlittleornotimetoactuallycatchuponwhatyou'vemissed.Keepyourcalendarasclearaspossibleandgetstartedoncategorizingyourunreademails.Splitthemintocategorieslikeurgent,nonurgent,quickresponses,andnoactionneeded.____19____Upyourfuntheweekyou'reback.Gooutforamealwithyourfriends.Walkyourfavoriterouteinyourneighborhood.Lookatthepicturesfromyourholiday.____20____Hence,makealittletimeforplayyourfirstweekbackandtheweeksthatfollow.Thiswillhelpyoutofeelhappyandenergizedeventhoughyourholidayisbehindyou.A.Thisenablesyoutodealwithyouroverflowinginbox.B.You'vegotaspringinyourstepandasmileonyourface.C.Remember,therewillbeplentymoreholidaysinthefuture.D.Sothefirstweekbackatworkwillbemoretiringthanusual.E.Giveyourselfatleasthalfadaybeforeyoujumpbackintowork.F.Then,starttheurgentonesbeforedivingintothequickresponses.G.Postholidaybluescanbeverymonifyougostraightintoallwork.【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.F20.G【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三条如何从假期过渡到工作状态的建议。【16题详解】根据空前“You'veebackfromyourholidayandyoufeelamazinglyrecharged.(你度假回来后，你感觉到无比的精力充沛。)”可知，空前提出了度假回来的状态，充满活力，故B项“你的脚步轻快，脸上挂着微笑。”符合，此处进一步说明度假回来开心的状态，故选B项。【17题详解】根据空后“Takethistimetounpackanddosomehousework.(利用这段时间打开行李，做一些家务。)”可知，空后的“thistime”指代E项“在你回到工作之前，给你自己至少半天的时间。”中的“atleasthalfaday”，本空提出在回到工作之前，给自己至少半天的时间，空后指明利用这段时间打开行李，做一些家务活，故选E项。【18题详解】根据空前“Asmuchaspossible,limityourmeetingsandscheduledmitmentsthefirstweekback.(尽可能在第一周限制你的会议和预定的承诺。)”可知，A项“这能让你处理堆满的邮箱。”是空前的顺义承接，在第一周限制会议和预定的承诺，这能让你腾出时间来处理堆满了的邮箱，故选A项。【19题详解】根据空前“Splitthemintocategorieslikeurgent,nonurgent,quickresponses,andnoactionneeded.(将它们分为紧急、非紧急、快速回应和无需采取行动等类别。)”可知，空前提出要将邮箱里的邮件进行分类，故F项“先处理紧急的，然后再处理徐快速回应的。”符合，分类后就要根据紧急和非紧急的类别来先后处理这些邮件，故选F项。【20题详解】根据空后“Hence,makealittletimeforplayyourfirstweekbackandtheweeksthatfollow.(因此，留出一点时间，在回来的第一周和接下来的几周里适当地放松一下。)”可知，空后给出了结果，故G项“如果你直接投入工作的话，可能会出现假期后的忧郁，这些都是很正常的。”符合，本空提出如果假期结束后直接投入工作会出现忧郁的感觉，因此要留出一些时间，在回来的第一周或者接下来的几周里适当地放松一下，故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MomentswithMumwerepainfullyshortbecauseIspentmostoftheyearatourboardingschool.Yetthewarmthshegavemekeptus____21____.However,those____22____momentsgraduallyfadedasImovedfurther.Soon,weeklyphonecallsfilledwithsmalltalksweretoorushedtoever____23____intorealtalks,realfeelings.Her____24____pointsofviewandoldfashionedadviceforcedmeto____25____her.ButthemoreIpulledaway,themoreIfeltanemptiness,a____26____forthebondthathadgrownsolifeless.Thentherecamea(n)____27____.WhenvisitingtheArtScienceMuseum,Isignedupfora____28____drawingactivity,____29____hopingproducingsomethingtogetherwouldhelpusconnect.Asourcreativejuicesflowed,ourfadedrelationshipbeganto_____30_____gradually.“Lookthere!”Mumsaidexcitedly,_____31_____adigitalscreendisplayingthefishwehadfinished,reachingoutandtouchingitasifdoingsowouldbringittolife.Thatmomentaryglimpse(瞥见)ofmymother’schildlike____32____,thatrareinstancewheresheletslipaninnerinnocenceanddelightatanewexperience,revealedthelittlegirl____33____her,wholikeme,hadlostavitalconnectiontothe_____34_____ofadulthoodandmotherhood.Istoodthere,mistyeyed,knowingourbond_____35_____againandlifedidefullcircle.21.A.separated B.motivated C.ignored D.connected22.A.sweet B.intense C.parting D.painful23.A.mature B.head C.look D.burst24.A.novel B.crucial C.rigid D.special25.A.burden B.suspect C.hate D.distance26.A.reason B.preference C.longing D.taste27.A.chance B.test C.incident D.experience28.A.fancy B.joint C.harmonious D.pleasant29.A.secretly B.frequently C.proudly D.patiently30.A.recover B.release C.remain D.reflect31.A.searching B.finding C.approaching D.bringing32.A.curiosity B.faith C.pride D.fear33.A.in B.with C.beside D.for34.A.pleasures B.adventures C.responsibilities D.ambitions35.A.broke B.extended C.loosened D.breathed【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.A31.C32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与母亲的关系因为母亲的过时观点而变得疏远，但是作者渴望与母亲的联系，因此就为母亲和自己报名参加了联合绘画活动。在母亲看到她们一起创作的画在大屏幕上时流露出的天真和喜悦，让作者意识到了母亲和作者一样，渴望联系。因此作者觉得自己和母亲的关系恢复了以往。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她给我的温暖让我们时刻联系着。A.separated分开的；B.motivated激励的；C.ignored忽视的；D.connected联系的。根据空前“Yetthewarmthshegavemekeptus”的转折可知，此处指尽管我和母亲待在一起的时间很少，但是她给我的温暖却让我们时刻联系着，故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我搬得更远了，这些甜蜜的时刻渐渐地消失了。A.sweet甜蜜的；B.intense紧张的；C.parting分离的；D.painful痛苦的。根据前文“thewarmthshegaveme”可知，此处指这些甜蜜的时刻，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，每周的太匆忙而无法发展为真正谈话，真正的情感。A.mature发展；B.head前往；C.look看；D.burst爆炸。根据空前“weeklyphonecallsfilledwithsmalltalksweretoorushed”可知，此处指每周的太匆忙导致对话没有发展为真正的对话，故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她死板的观点和过时的建议让我不得不远离她。A.novel新颖的；B.crucial至关重要的；C.rigid僵硬的，死板的；D.special特殊的。根据空后“andoldfashionedadvice”可知，此处指妈妈那些死板的观点和过时的建议，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.burden给……负担；B.suspect怀疑；C.hate恨；D.distance使疏远。根据前文“Her____4____pointsofviewandoldfashionedadviceforcedmeto”可知，此处指妈妈那些死板的观点和过时的建议让我不愿意和妈妈亲近，而不得不远离她，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我越远离，我就越感到空虚，那是一种对了无生趣的联系的渴望。A.reason理由；B.preference偏爱；C.longing渴望；D.taste品位，口味。根据空前“Ifeltanemptiness”可知，此处指我渴望与妈妈的联系，故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，机会来了。A.chance机会；B.test测试；C.incident事件；D.experience经历，经验。根据后文“WhenvisitingtheArtScienceMuseum,Isignedupfora____8____drawingactivity,____9____hopingproducingsomethingtogetherwouldhelpusconnect.”可知，此处指作者利用参观艺术博物馆时和妈妈一起报名参加绘画活动，因此指机会来了，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我参观艺术科学博物馆时，我悄悄报名参加了联合绘画活动，想要和妈妈一起创作出一些东西，这样能让我们联系更紧密。A.fancy花哨的；B.joint共同的，联合的；C.harmonious和谐的；D.pleasant令人高兴的。根据后文“producingsomethingtogetherwouldhelpusconnect.”可知，此处指报名参加和妈妈一起的联合绘画活动，故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.secretly悄悄地；B.frequently频繁地；C.proudly骄傲地；D.patiently有耐心地。根据后文“hopingproducingsomethingtogetherwouldhelpusconnect.”可知，此处指作者想要缓和和母亲的关系，故作者悄悄地报名，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意