Unit+7+Careers+Topic+Talk+ +Lesson+1+课后练习 高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册

TopicTalk&Lesson1Ⅰ.单词拼写1.TheTaylorsdecidedthattheywould(雇用)anarchitecttodothework.2.There’snowayto(预测)thefuturehealthofthebankingindustry.3.Pridewillconvinceyouthatyou(应受)bettertreatment.4.Wehaveformedan(协会)tohelpthedisabled.5.Watchoutforsharpbendsand(调整)yourspeedaccordingly.6.Wearepleasedto(宣布)thatallfivecandidatesweresuccessful.7.His(残疾)preventshimfromholdingajob.8.Thecaptainwasnot(愿意的)torisktakinghisshipthroughthestraitsinsuchbadweather.9.Allourprojectsaimto(促进)thedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.10.Therearesomevery(令人印象深刻的)buildingsinthetown.Ⅱ.短语填空getonwellwith;basedon;bedeterminedto;beunwillingto;getemployed;bemistakenin;supportedby;ontheotherhand;morethan;beopento1.IwassoangrythatItellhimwhatIthoughtofhim.2.Forthepastthreeyearshehasasabodyguardbytheboss.3.Youmustnewideasandsuggestions,andhavethecapabilitytounderstandyourteammembers.4.Althoughtheyhavenothingincommon,theycanstilleachother.5.Justthenawhite-hairedoldwomanentered,agirl.6.Itissaidthattheyrecycledhalfoftheirwastepaperlastyear.7.Youthinkingthattheywillhelpyou.8.Iwanttogototheparty,butIoughttobestudying.9.Thedirectorsrespondtothequestions.10.Wecan’tmakeadecisionhearsayandguesswork.Ⅲ.单句写作1.吸引孩子们的是那些彩图而不是故事本身。thecolorfulpicturesratherthestoryitselfthatappealtothechildren.2.通常认为,音乐能帮助人们放松。musiccanhelppeoplerelaxthemselves.3.毫无疑问,你在这儿一定能度过美好的时光。youcanhaveagoodtimehere.4.我们想更好地了解这个国家和人民。Wewanttogetthecountryanditspeople.5.研究人员在报告中说,许多人都说他们在酒店或家以外的其他地方都很难入睡。Intheirreport,theresearcherssaidmanypeoplereporttheysleepingatahotelorotherplacesoutsidetheirhome.Ⅳ.阅读理解AAbout10yearsago,Isatinmyoffice,strugglingtowriteanannualprogressreportformydean.Ienjoywritingscientificpapersthatengagemycreativityandfurthermyresearch.Butreportwritingdoesn’tcomewithanyrewardapartfromthemomentarysatisfactionoffinishingsomething.Likeotherroutinepaperwork,Ifindithardtogetthrough.Sothatday,Iofferedmyselfareward:WhenIfinishedthereport,I’dgivemyself2hourstoexamineslides(玻片)underthemicroscope—ataskI’vealwayslovedbutneverhadmuchtimeforasafacultymember.It’sastrategyIcall“justforfun”.ThestrategywasbornoutofchallengesIexperiencedingraduateschool.Iusuallydelayedputtingtogetherreportsforuniversityadministratorsuntilthreateninglettersarrived.Ineverfeltthatpaperworkwasadvancingmyscience,butrathersappingmyenergyandtimeforresearch.Oneofmycommitteemembersrecognisedandunderstoodmydifficulties.Thenhetoldmeabouthisstrategyofrewardinghimselfwithafunprojectwhenhecompletedataskthathedidn’tparticularlyenjoy.Headvisedmetothinkaboutdoingsomethingsimilar.Iimmediatelylikedtheidea.Overthecourseofmycareer,thisstrategyhelpedmecompleteandmovepastthepartsofmyjobthatIdidn’tparticularlyenjoy.TherewardsIgavemyselfprovidedawaytorelaxandremindedmewhyIlovebeingascientist.Asforthatannualreport,Ispentanordinarymorningonitbutgotitdone.ThenIhurriedovertothemicroscope,eagertoinspectaseriesofslidesthatmycollaborators(合作者)hadsentacoupleweeksearlier.Toothers,itmayhavelookedlikework.Buttome,itwasjustforfun.1.Whydoestheauthordislikereportwriting?A.Hereceivestoolittlefromit.B.Itisextremelyeasytofinish.C.Itneedstoomuchcreativity.D.Hedoesn’tmajorinwriting.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sapping”inparagraph2probablyreferto?A.Acquiring. B.Consuming.C.Lacking. D.Providing.3.Howdidtheauthorgethisstrategy?A.Throughtheinspirationofhisreportwriting.B.Throughtherewardofhiscollaborators.C.Throughinstructionsofuniversityadministrators.D.Throughacommitteemember’ssuggestion.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Chooseacareeryoureallylike.B.Seekfunwhendoingscienceresearch.C.Motivateyourselftofinishboringtasks.D.Rewardyourselfwithanewstrategy.BLifesavingHeartOperationWhenTalGolesworthywastoldheneededalifesavingheartoperationin1993,hesaidno.GolesworthyhasMarfansyndrome(马凡氏综合征).Backin1993,whenhewaslivinginthewestofEngland,hisdoctortoldhimthattheaorta(主动脉)inhisheartwassoenlargedthatitwouldunavoidablyburstunlessheunderwentamajoroperation.“Theytalkedthroughtheoptions,”saysGolesworthy,“butIwasnotinterested.Theoperationreallydidn’tlookattractive.”Whatheparticularlydidn’tlikewashavingtobeonbloodthinnersaftertheoperation,somethingthatwouldpreventbloodclots(血栓)butpresenteditsownrisks:“Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffected.”By2000,however,hisconditionhadworsened.Realizingsomethinghadtobedone,Golesworthyputhisyearsofexperienceasaresearchanddevelopmentengineertogooduse.Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.“Learningnewstuffanddevelopingnewideas,thatweremyjob,”Golesworthysays.Theaorta,hethought,neededsupportontheoutside.Andwrappingsomethingaroundtheoutsideoftheaortawouldrequireaspecialoperation.SoGolesworthysubjectedhimselfto30hoursinanMRIscannerandused3Dprintingtocreateaphysicalexactcopyofthepartofhisheart.“Luckily,I’ddonealotofworkwithtechnicalmaterials,”hesays.Strongdeterminationcoupledwithanoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonsandhelpedhimraisethemoneytodevelophisidea.InMay2004,attheageof47,hebecametheguineapigforhisowninvention.Theoperationwasasuccess.

5.WhydidTalGolesworthyrefusetheoperationatfirst?A.Abettersolutionwasontheway.B.Hewasafraidofhislifebeingaffected.C.Theriskoftheoperationtendedtocausedeath.D.Hewouldliketobeoperatedoninhisownway.6.WhathelpedGolesworthytofixhimself?A.Hiscreativespirit.B.Regularexercise.C.Doctors’suggestions.D.Hissimilarexperience.7.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theguineapig”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thelovelypet.B.Theimportantassistant.C.Theexperimentalsubject.D.Thepersontoraisemoney.8.WhichwordscanbestdescribeTalGolesworthy?A.Creativeandkind.B.Strongandimaginative.C.Devotedandgenerous.D.Determinedandbrave.CItisnoaccidentthatmanyfilmsandshowsopenwithacrazy,action-packedscenethatdrivesviewerstoask:“What’sgoingonhere,whoarethesepeopleandwhatdotheywant?”Thesescenesaredesignedtokeepuswatching.Ascientistwhoexplorestheclimatehistorybyanalyzingstalagmites(石笋)heldalecture.Atthebeginningofhertalk,sheshowedaphotoofherselfcrawlingthroughacavetocollectsamples.Theaudienceimmediatelyperkedup.Startingwiththatimage,wecouldn’twaittoaskwhythisscientistwascrawlingaroundinadangerouscave,whichmighthaveattractedtheaudiencemorestronglyfromthebeginning.

However,thisparticularstorytellingtechniqueisperhapsthemostappropriateinpresentations;researchpaperstypicallydemandmorestraightforwardreportingofresultsintheformofaclearabstract.Whenscientistsdescribetheirresearchtotheaudienceoutsidetheirprofessionalfield,theyoftenavoiddiscussingpersonaltrialsandsufferings.Instead,theyfocusonlyonpositive,publishedresults.Noonewantstolooklikeafailure,evenifsuchexperiencescanbevastlyvaluable.Buthidingthehardshipsmightcutoutsomeofyourbeststorymaterial.Theresearchprocesslendsitselfperfectlytothisnarrativeconcept(叙事概念);itcanbedescribedasawindingroadofplottwiststhatreshapesthelivesofscientistsandourunderstandingoftheworld.Inviteotherstojoinyoufortheupsanddownsofyourresearch.Insteadofjustpresentingyourfindings,describehowyoureactedtothosediscoveries.Whatwasthemostexciting?Howdidyougetwrong?AsEmmaCoats,aformerPixarstoryboardartist,notedinalistofstorytellingprinciplesshepostedontheInternet:“Youadmireacharacterfortryingmorethanfortheirsuccesses.”Trytoapplyscreenwritingstrategiestoyourpresentation.Afterall,asthecharacterTyrionLannisterstatesinthetelevisionseriesGameofThrones,“There’snothingintheworldmorepowerfulthanagoodstory.”9.Whatisthecommonfeatureofafilmandalecturementionedinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theystartwithastory.B.Theybothfocusontechnicaldetails.C.Theyreflectthesamebackground.D.Theybotharousethecuriosityoftheaudience.10.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwords“perkedup”inparagraph2?A.Becameactive.B.Gotshocked.C.Becameembarrassed.D.Gotlost.11.Howdotheresearcherstypicallypresenttheirfindings?A.Byusingastorytellingtechnique.B.Byoutliningtheresultsinbrief.C.Bydescribingtheirreportindetail.D.Byfocusingonlyonvaluableexperiences.12.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A.Thepowerofagoodstory.B.Theadviceonresearchpapers.C.Thetechniquestoattracttheaudience.D.Thestorytellingtechniqueinpresentations.Ⅴ.七选五Ifyouarethinkingaboutaskingforaraiseinsalary,thereareseveralthingstokeepinmind.First,considerwhetheryoudeserveahighersalary.1Sitdownandmakealistofyourjobaccomplishments.Beasspecificaspossible.Forexample,thinkaboutimportantprojectsyouhaveworkedon,thingsyouhavedonetoimprovetheorganizationofworkinyourdepartment,orhowyoureffortshavebroughtmoremoneytothecompany.Alsoincludeanyprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiesyouhavetakenadvantageofrecentlyandbereadytoexplainhowtheyhaveimprovedyourperformanceonthejob.2

Bearinmindthatsalarylevelsarebasednotonlyonperformancebutalsoonthemarketforyourparticularskills.Beforeyouaskforaraise,youneedtodosomeresearch.Youshouldinvestigatetheindustrystandardsforsalariesforpeopleinsimilarpositionswithsimilarlevelsofexperience.3Yourinitial(最初的)requestshouldactuallybeslightlyhigherthantheamountyouwantinordertoleavesomeroomfornegotiation.Then,ifyouhavetogolowerthanthisamount,youstillendupwithsomethingclosetowhatyouwant.

4Ifyouhaverecentlybeengivennewresponsibilities,itmakessensetoaskforahigherlevelofcompensation(补偿).Ontheotherhand,ifthecompanyisgoingthroughfinancialdifficulties,arequestformoremoneywillprobablynotbemetwithafavorableresponse.Itwouldbebettertowaituntilthecompanyisinabetterfinancialposition.

Finally,nevergivepersonalreasonsforwantingahighersalary.Yourneedtopayyourchild’scollegetuitionorbuyabiggerhouseisofnoconcerntoyourboss.5Thatiswhereyouneedtokeeptheconversation.

A.Everyoneiseagerforaraiseinsalary.B.Skillsplayakeyroleinyoursalarylevel.C.Animportantpointisthetimingofyourrequest.D.Thenyouwillbebetterpreparedwhenyoumeetwithyourboss.E.Yoursalarylevelshouldbebasedonprofessionalconsiderationsalone.F.Youprobablydo,butyoushouldbeabletoexplainexactlywhytoyourboss.G.Thiswillhelpyoudeterminewhatwouldbeareasonableamountofmoneytoaskfor.Ⅵ.语法填空Althoughwelearnmanythingseachday,wedon’talwayslearnsomething1.wefeelwillaffectourbehaviorfortherestofourlives.Thisisamajordifferencebetweenalifelesson2.everythingelsewelearn.

Forexample,ifthingsdon’thappenastheyshould,wewouldmakedifferentchoicesinthefuture3.(get)theoutcomewewanted.Thiscanserveasalifelessonsothatwhen4.(face)withsimilarcircumstances,wecan5.(conscious)changeourbehavior.

Lifelessonscanhelpusunderstandourselvesbetter.Sincethelesson6.(learn)throughtheconsequencesofouractionsorreactions,inthisway,wecangaininsight(了解)intohowwethink,actandreactincertainsituations.Perhapsoneofthebiggestlessonswecanlearn7.(be)thatwhilewecan’tcontroleverything,wecancontrolourresponsestothings.

Anexampleofalifelessonintheareaofcareercouldbethelessonthatmaking8.modestlivingatsomethingweare9.(interest)inisbetterthanworkingatanunpleasantoradulljobformoremoney.

Someofususuallylearnamajorlifelessonwhenalovedonedies.Thislessoncanresultinus10.(spend)moretimewithourremaininglovedones.

Ⅶ.应用文写作假定你是大学生李华,你的英国朋友Peter写信询问你大学毕业后将选择什么职业,请你给他写一封回信,要点主要包括以下几点:1.你的职业选择;2.给出你的理由;3.期待回信。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。DearPeter,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案Ⅰ.1.employ/mote10.impressiveⅡ.1.wasdeterminedto2.got/gottenemployed3.beopento4.getonwellwith5.supportedby6.morethan7.aremistakenin8.ontheotherhand9.wereunwillingto10.basedonⅢ.1.Itis;than2.Itisusually/generallybelievedthat3.Thereisnodoubtthat4.abetterunderstandingof5.haveahard/hardertimeⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者是一名科学家,但是一年一度的进展报告写作让作者觉得毫无意义,从中得不到多少的回报。在一位委员会成员朋友的启发下作者学会了在做这样的任务时给自己一个奖赏,就是完成任务后可以做自己喜欢的事情来放松一下。因而作者数十年来也一直享受自己的职业。1.A细节理解题。根据文章首段中的“Butreportwritingdoesn’tcomewithanyrewardapartfromthemomentarysatisfactionoffinishingsomething.”可知,报告写作除了给作者带来该任务完成的片刻满足外没有任何回报。因此,作者不喜欢这种报告写作。2.B词义猜测题。本句意思为“我从未感觉到写报告这种文书工作会促进我的科研,而是在消耗我做研究的时间和精力”。这和作者在首段中表达不喜欢这种工作意思一致。故此处sapping意为“消耗”。3.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Headvisedmetothinkaboutdoingsomethingsimilar.”及上下句可知,是作者的一位委员会成员看到作者这种情况建议作者在完成这种任务时给自己一个奖赏。故选D项。4.C推理判断题。全文作者通过自己的经历告诉“我”们,在遇到没有多大意义且无趣的工作任务时,“我”们可以通过给自己一点奖赏来激励自己完成该任务。作者从中受益匪浅。故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。工程师TalGolesworthy患有马凡氏综合征,需要进行心脏手术。他有效地利用自己多年的研发工程师经验,用3D打印机打印出了他部分心脏的真实复制品,对症制造了主动脉外部支撑,并得到了医生的支持。最终手术取得了成功。5.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容可知,手术后必须使用血液稀释剂以防止血凝块,但这种药物存在着风险,他担心会影响他的整个生活方式,所以起初他拒绝了手术。6.A推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知,他认为,学习新东西和开发新想法就是他的工作。根据第四段第一、二句可知,他认为,主动脉需要外部支撑,在主动脉外面裹上东西需要特殊手术。又结合下文中的“original”和“hisowninvention”以及介绍的手术的成功可以判断,是他的创新精神治好了他。7.C词义猜测题。根据画线部分上句可知,他坚定的决心加上新颖而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位一流的外科医生的支持,并帮助他筹集了资金来实现他的想法。根据本文尾句可知,手术很成功。结合该句中的“forhisowninvention”可以判断,他自己成了此项发明的实验对象。故画线词意为“实验对象”。8.D推理判断题。根据尾段第一句可知,他坚定的决心和新颖而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位一流的外科医生的支持,故他是一位有决心的人。根据第三段倒数第二句“Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.”可知,他决定自己想办法治疗心脏,据此可以判断,他是一个勇敢的人。【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章主要论述了讲故事的技巧在演讲中的重要性,建议在演讲中正确运用故事。9.D细节理解题。根据第一段“Itisnoaccidentthatmanyfilmsandshowsopenwithacrazy,action-packedscenethatdrivesviewerstoask...Thesescenesaredesignedtokeepuswatching.”和第二段中的“Atthebeginningofhertalk,sheshowedaphotoofherselfcrawlingthroughacavetocollectsamples.Theaudienceimmediatelyperkedup...whichmighthaveattractedtheaudiencemorestronglyfromthebeginning.”可知,它们都能激起观众的好奇心。故选D项。10.A词义猜测题。画线词下文“Startingwiththatimage,wecouldn’twaittoaskwhythisscientistwascrawlingaroundinadangerouscave,whichmighthaveattractedtheaudiencemorestronglyfromthebeginning.”说明,这张照片一开始就吸引观众,让观众积极思考,从而推知画线部分应为“被吸引,感兴趣,积极”等意思,A项“变得积极起来”与之意义最为接近。故选A项。11.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenscientistsdescribetheirresearchtotheaudienceoutsidetheirprofessionalfield,theyoftenavoiddiscussingpersonaltrialsandsufferings.Instead,theyfocusonlyonpositive,publishedresults.”可知,研究人员通常只是通过简要地概述结果来展示他们的发现。故选B项。12.D主旨大意题。通读全文,根据最后一段中“Trytoapplyscreenwritingstrategiestoyourpresentation.(试着在你的演讲中运用剧本写作策略。)”以及“There’snothingintheworldmorepowerfulthanagoodstory.(世界上没有什么比一个好的故事更强大的了。)”可知,本文主要论述了演讲中讲故事的技巧。故选D项。Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了员工向雇主提出增加薪金前应考虑的事情。1.F根据前文“First,considerwhetheryoudeserveahighersalary.”可知,选项应承接上文,说明这么做要向老板解释原因。F项“Youprobablydo,butyoushouldbeabletoexplainexactlywhytoyourboss.(你可能值得,但你应该能够向你的老板解释清楚原因。)”符合语境。故选F项。2.D根据前文“Alsoincludeanyprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiesyouhavetakenadvantageofrecentlyandbereadytoexplainhowtheyhaveimprovedyourperformanceonthejob.”可知,设空处应说明做到前述几项,就会有本句所说情况的出现。D项“Thenyouwillbebetterpreparedwhenyoumeetwithyourboss.(这样,当你和老板见面时,你就会有更好的准备。)”切题。故选D项。3.G根据前文“Youshouldinvestigatetheindustrystandardsforsalariesforpeopleinsimilarpositionswithsimilarlevelsofexperience.”可知,设空处起承接上文的作用,说明这么做的作用是什么。故选G项“Thiswillhelpyoudeterminewhatwouldbeareasonableamountofmon