北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

第12页/共13页北京市石景山区2022—2023学年第一学期高三期末试卷英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asabiologistandphotographer,Ialwaystakemycameraeverywheretotakepicturesofwildanimals.Oneday,Iwasstandingonaboatwhenaverylargefemaleleopardseal(海豹)swamby.Iputonmydivingequipmentandgrabbedmy____1____.Iwasfrightenedbecauseshewassobig.Mymouthwasdry,andIcouldn’teven____2____.ButIknewitwastimeto____3____thismysteriouscreature.Ijumpedintothefreezingwater.Immediately,thesealswamtowardsme.Thensheputmyentirecameraandmuchofmyheadintohermouth.Thinkingthismustbeasignof____4____,Idecidedtostayverycalm.Althoughthesealwasshowingmeherteeth,Itriednotto____5____anyfear.Shediditafewmoretimes,andthenswamaway.Tomy____6____,shecamebackwithalivepenguin.Andsheevenshowedmehowtoeatit.Thenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!Beingabiologist,Iunderstoodthatshewastryingto____7____me.ButIthoughtthatshewasreallytryingtocommunicatewithme.Atthispoint,shedidn’tseemvery____8____.Shestayedbymeandtookcareofmeforfourdays.Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.And,moreimportantly,I’velearnedthatanimalsdonotalwaysbehavethewaywe____9____.Ibelievethe_____10_____experienceIhadwiththispowerfulandintelligentanimalwillstaywithmeforever.1.A.knife B.bag C.camera D.gun2.A.escape B.make C.move D.fight3.A.approach B.adopt C.imagine D.rescue4.A.respect B.sympathy C.reward D.threat5.A.confirm B.expose C.overcome D.reduce6.A.satisfaction B.regret C.surprise D.sorrow7.A.feed B.comfort C.attack D.assess8.A.reliable B.dangerous C.sensitive D.ambitious9.A.admire B.promise C.demand D.expect10.A.confusing B.similar C.incredible D.bitter第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenIwas14,myfatherandItookabiketriptoexploretheSidelingHillTunnel(隧道).Afterwe____11____(enter)thedarktunnel,Ishonemyflashlightaroundandsawwallscoveredingraffiti(涂鸦).____12____Iwasfrightened,withmyfather’sconstantencouragement,Imanagedtorideoutintothatbrightafternoonatlast.Thistripalwaysremindsmeofmyfather,____13____givesmethecouragetokeepridingthroughlife’sdarktunnels.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Bandung,oneofIndonesia’smajorcities,isonly150kilometersfromJakarta,thecapital,butthedriveisatanaverageofthreehoursevenwithafreeway____14____(connect)thetwocities.Fortunately,ahigh-speedrailway____15____(fund)byChinaisduetoopenin2023,andthehours-longtravel____16____(cut)to40minutes.ItispartofChina’sBeltandRoadInitiative,andforIndonesia,thebeginningofabrandnewnetworkoftransportationacrossthecountry.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenKurtBenirschkestartedcollectingskin____17____(sample)fromrareandendangeredanimalsin1972,hedidn’thaveaclearplanon____18____couldbedonewiththem.HethensetupacollectionbankcalledtheFrozenZoo.Benirschkepassedawayin2018,____19____hiseffortsareverymuchalive.Today,theFrozenZooistheworld’s____20____(large)animalcryobank,withgeneticmaterialsfromover10,500animals.In2020,ababyhorseknownas“Kurt”wasborn,clonedusingcellsfromtheFrozenZoo.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATailoryourexperience,andmastertheEnglishlanguageinourexcitingandcomprehensivelanguageprogrammes.Chooseyourpreferredcity,andyou’llstudywithandbefriendotherinternationalstudents.OurEnglishLearningProgrammes·LearnEnglishinUniversitiesCourseshavebeendevelopedinpartnershipwithfamousuniversitiesinAustraliatoimproveyourEnglishlanguageskills.Youwillgettoexperiencecampuslifeabroad.·SmallGroupEnglishProgrammeTheseintensiveEnglishclassesarehostedindifferentlanguageschoolsalongtheeastcoast.Talktoourprogrammeadviserstochoosethebestlocation.·One-on-OneTutoringOurprogrammeorganizestailoredlearningexperiencesbasedonyourEnglishlearninggoals.YouwillliveinlocalfamiliesandhavechancestopractiseyouroralEnglish.·HighSchoolStudyAbroadTherearefewthingsinlifewhichcanmakeyoufeelmoregrown-uplikelivingandlearninginanothercountry.Packthiswithmanyfunculturalactivities.AndyouwillalsohaveopportunitiestoexperiencesciencesubjectstaughtinEnglish,suchaslessonsaboutrocksandminerals,plantsandanimals,andengineeringpractices.FourstepstogetintoourEnglishlearningprogrammesStepOne:Reviewtheprogrammeinformationandcompleteouronlineapplicationformtogettheballrolling.StepTwo:Youwillhavea15-mininterviewwithyourprogrammeadvisertodiscussyourinterests,needs,destinationandduration.Withinthreedaysaftertheinterview,theadviserwillbeintouchbyemailtoletyouknowifyourapplicationhasbeensuccessful.Ifso,we’llsendyouaformaloffer.StepThree:Toconfirmyourplaceinourprogramme,you’llneedtoreplytoourletterofofferandmakepaymentonlineaccordingtotheinstruction.Oncethishasbeendone,we’llsendyouthedocumentscontainingalltheinformationyou’llneedregardingyourstudytrip.StepFour:Onceyourflightshavebeenbooked,letusknowyourarrivaldetailssothatwecanorganizeairportpick-up.We’llbeexcitedtowelcomeyoutoourprogrammeinperson!21.IfHenrywantstotryabiologyclasstaughtinEnglish,hemayjoinin________.A.LearnEnglishinUniversities B.SmallGroupEnglishProgrammeC.One-on-OneTutoring D.HighSchoolStudyAbroad22.Whatshouldapplicantsdoafterreceivingaformaloffer?A.Replytotheletterandpaythecostforthestudytrip.B.Getintouchwiththeorganizertoconfirmthedestination.C.Reviewprogrammeinformationtoprepareforaninterview.D.Providetheprogrammeadviserwithpersonalneedsandgoals.23.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthispassage?A.PeopleplanningtoimprovetheirEnglish.B.PeoplewillingtoapplyforEnglishteachingjobs.C.Peopleaimingtohelplearnersgoabroad.D.PeoplelovingtoshareEnglishlearningexperiences.BInmyeyes,mymotheriscapableofdoinganything,especiallychoressuchasironingandcooking.However,teachingherhowtousetheInternetisasfrustratingasuntangling(解开)wires.Once,mymothercametometoaskforhelponhowtofindarecipeforall-beefLasagna.Igaveherverysimpleverbal(口头的)instructions—gotothehomepageofaparticularsearchengineandtypein“recipeforall-beefLasagna.”Fifteenminuteslater,shecametome,tellingmethatshewasunabletofindtheInterneticon(图标).Iwentovertothecomputerandpointedouttheicontoher.AnotherfifteenminuteswentbywhenIfeltataponmyshoulder.Thistime,mymothersaidthatshewasunabletosearchfortheparticularrecipe.Gritting(咬)myteeth,Iwalkedtoherroomagain.Isawthatshehadtyped“allbeefLasaga”instead.Withfrustratedstrokes,Ikeyedinthecorrectspelling.Yetanotherfifteenminuteswentbyagainwhenmymothergingerlytappedmyshoulder.Istormednextdoorwithoutbotheringtohidemyfrustration.Themainpageofthewebsitehadnotshiftedonebit.Ithenrealisedthatshedidnotknowhowtoscrolldownthepage.Whathadinitiallyseemedlikeaneasytaskwasturningouttobeanintenseone.Toavoidbeingdisturbedagain,Idecidedtofindtherecipeforher.Withoutaword,Irapidlydownloadedafewrecipes,printedthemoutandpassedthemtomymother.However,seeingherembarrassment,Ibegantoregretmyimpatienceduringthewholeprocess.Atthatmoment,memoriesflashedthroughmymind.WhenIwasyoung,mymotherenduredmyendlessquestions,enlighteningmewithmuchpatience.NowthatIamolder,therolesslowlyreverse.Asmymothermayincreasinglyneedmyhelp,shouldn’tIrethinkhowtorespondtoherneeds?24.Theauthor’smothercouldn’tfindtherecipeonlinemainlybecauseshewas________.A.unfamiliarwithcomputersandtheInternetB.givenunclearinstructionsbytheauthorC.toodependentonherfamilymembersD.impatientatsearchingfortherecipe25.Whydidtheauthorprinttherecipesforhismotheratlast?A.Becausehewaspleasedtohelphismotherout.BBecausehedidn’twanthismothertobeembarrassed.C.Becausehewasfedupwithhismother’sinterruption.D.Becausehethoughthismotherfavoredtheprintedversion.26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?AItiswisetoteachothersbyexamples.B.Forgivingothersisequaltoblessingoneself.C.Patienceandperseverancewillbefinallyrewarded.D.Puttingyourselfinothers’shoesisthekeytounderstanding.CThetechnologyforspeech-recognitionsystemshasadvancedgreatlysinceitsappearanceinthe1950s.Manyvoicesystemscanunderstandthelanguagewhenspokenatanormalconversationalrate.Buteventheadvancedhuman-machineinterfaces(人机交互)usedtodayareunabletotrickthelistenersintothinkingacomputerisahuman.Whyisthis?Simplyput,it’sbecausehumanbeingsrelyonmorethanwordstoconveyideasorinterpretmessages,suchastones,facialexpressions,bodymovements,andobjectsintheworldaroundthem.Onesignificantrecentachievementinthefieldoftalkingcomputersisvirtualpersonalassistants(VPAs)onmobilephones.IfyoutellamobilephoneVPAthatyouwanttoschedulealunchwithafriend,itcansettheappointmentinyourphoneinseconds.TheVPAcanalsoholdabasic“conversation”andhasearnedfameforitselementarysenseofhumour.Still,thehumourispreprogrammedandcanbetriggeredonlywhenhumanusersspeakcertainkeywords.Whilethepotentialfor“real”communicationbetweenahumanandamachinemayseemexciting,thispossibilityconcernssomepeople.Someexpertsworryaboutpeople’sattachmenttothesemachinesandfearthattheartofsuccessfulhuman-to-humanconversationwillbeundevelopedinyoungergenerations.Theyworrythatpeoplewon’tbeabletodisplaytherightemotionortoneinconversationsbecausetheyhaven’tbeenpractisingthoseskills.Othersfearthatmachineswilltakeoverfunctionsthatweretraditionallyperformedbyhumans,suchascustomerservice.Anotherconcernoftenassociatedwiththedevelopmentofnewtechnologyistheinvasionofprivacy(侵犯隐私)．Whenpeopleusecertainspeech-recognitionapplications,theyleavebehindanaudiotrackoftheirspeech.WhenyouaskaVPAfordirections,yourspeechissentandsavedtoaremoteserverforprocessing.Thisdigitaltrailmayleadtodatamining,orthecollectionoflargequantitiesofpersonaldata.Fornow,however,thecontinuingevolutionofspeech-recognitionsoftwareisworthexpecting.Leadingcompaniesinthefieldhopetomakehumancommunicationwithmachinesasseamlessaspossible,justlikecommunicatingwithanotherhuman.27.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanaVPAdo?A.Entertainuserswithoriginaljokes. B.Makepeopleregarditasahuman.C.Holdpreprogrammedconversations. D.Displaytherighttonesinconversations.28.Whichsituationreflectstheconcernsmentionedinthepassage?A.OneVPAservicewaspricedhigherforprotectingusers’privacy.B.AnairlineborehighcostsforapplyingVPAstoitsonlineservice.C.Anappfailedtooffertherightdirectionwhengivenspokeninstructions.DSometeenagersbecamemoresociallyawkwardduetotheaddictiontoVPAs.29.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toinformreadersofthedouble-edgedqualityofanewtechnology.B.Toinspirereaderstoexplorethefutureofanewtechnology.C.Topromotetheapplicationofanewtechnology.D.Tostresstheconvenienceofanewtechnology.30.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheworriesoverVPAs. B.Talkingtotechnology.C.Theworldoftechnology. D.Listeningto“arealperson.”DApersoncouldbeforgivenforbelieving20yearsagothattheInternetwouldsoonrevolutioniseacademicpublishing,becauseitbecamepossibleforpublisherstospreadscholarlyworkattheclickofabutton—muchcheaperthanthetraditionalsubscription-based(订阅)model.Recognisingtheopportunity,manyscholarsandlibrariansbegantoadvocateanew,openaccessmodel,inwhicharticlesaremadefreelyavailableonlinetoanyone.Theresultwouldbeatrueonlinepubliclibraryofscience.However,morethantwodecadeslater,themovementhasmadeonlyslightprogress,andthetraditionalsubscription-basedmodelremainsentrenched.Fortunately,thingsarechanging.AbigshoedroppedwhentheUniversityofCalifornia(UC)Libraries,oneofthebiggestlibrarysystems,declinedtorenewitscontractwithElsevier,aleadingscientificpublisher.ElsevierwantedtheLibrariestopaytwofees:OneforitspackageoflicensedjournalsandtheotherfortheuseofElsevier’sopenaccessmodel.UCLibrarieswantedthelicensedjournalsfeetocovertheopenaccessfee;theyalsowantedopenaccesstoallUCresearchespublishedinElsevierjournals.Whenthetwosidescouldn’tcometoterms,theLibrarieswalkedaway.Actually,theopenaccessrevolutionismorelikelytobeledbyresearchfundingagencies,whocanusetheirpursepowertopromoteopenaccess.Ateamoffunders,CoalitionS,insistedthatanyresearchtheyfundshouldbepublishedinajournalthatmakesallofitsarticlesfreelyandimmediatelyavailabletothepublic,whichiscalledPlan-S.Nowthatsomelibrariansandfundersareflexingtheirmuscles,whatshouldacademicsdo?TheworstresponsewouldbetocomplainthatPlan-Sdeprives(剥夺)themofacademicfreedom.Somethoughtfulacademicsmightworrythatashifttoopenaccesswouldaffecttheirpromotion.Afterall,subscriptionjournalsaremorefamiliarandmoreprestigious(有威望的)inthecurrentsystem.However,ifenoughacademicssupportopenaccess,thesystemcouldreachatippingpointbeyondwhichsubscriptionsnolongersignalprestige.Reachingthatpointwouldtakeconsiderabletimeandefforts,butitispossible.Whenthejournalsystembeganin1665,itwaskindofaformofopenaccess.Journalsallowedacademicstolearnopenlyfromoneanother.Itwasonlyinthe1900sthatthejournalsystembecamethoroughlycommoditized(商品化).Nowisthetimetobringitbacktoitsroots.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordprobablymean?A.Uncertain. B.Rooted. C.Limited. D.Popular.32.WhatisthecoreoffailednegotiationbetweenUCLibrariesandElsevier?A.Thedurationofthecontract. B.Thewayofpayment.C.Thechargeforopenaccessmodel. D.Thechoiceoflicensedjournals.33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?AAcademicswelcomeopenaccessmodelwithfullheart.B.Openaccessmodelwillsoonachieveadominantposition.C.Publishersarewillingtoabandonthesubscriptionmodelgradually.D.Establishingatrueonlinepubliclibraryofsciencerequiresjointefforts.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheopenaccessmodel?A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Disapproving. D.Indifferent.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyWeListentoMusicwithLyrics(歌词)WeDon’tUnderstandFromFrenchelectronictoK-popandSpanishjazz,it’scommonforustolistentosongswedon’tnecessarilyunderstand.____35____.Sometimes,weevensingalongtothemwithoutknowingthedictionarymeaningoflyrics.Butwhy?Itallstartswithwhat’scalled“soundsymbolism(语音表意),”whichreferstothestudyoftherelationshipsbetweenutterances(发声)andtheirmeaning.Inmusic,there’ssomethingabouttheappealofwordsassounds,beyondtheirmeaninginalanguage.____36____.Thismightexplainwhywearefondofasongevenwithoutknowingitslyrics.____37____.Oneexampleofsuchtechniquesisscale(音阶).Songsinmajorscalesarebrighterorhappier,whileminorscalesusuallysoundslightlydarkerorbluer.Ourbrainiswiredtorespondtoacertainsound,andourbreathingandevenourmovementgowiththesoundwehear.____38____.Besides,elementsofsoundandmusic,likepitch,melodyorharmony,alsohaveanaffective,emotional,andevenphysicalimpactonlisteners.Throughacomplexoftheseelements,musicaddssomuchmeaninganddimensiontolyrics.Thatistosay,thecombinationofallthesecreatesthemeaningfarbeyondthelyrics’dictionarymeaning.____39____.Lyricsarepowerfultoolsforhelpingusrecognise,expressandreflectouremotions.Allinall,there’svalueinwhateverimmediateappealwefindinthemusicwelistento,whetherornotweunderstandthewords.Music,afterall,isauniversallanguage.A.Theinterrelationshipofmelodyandpitchisimportant.B.Thisiswhyfast-pacedmusicissopopularforrunning.C.Ofcourse,thisisn’ttoignoretheimportanceoflyricsinmusic.D.Thingslikeamusician’simagealsohelpconveymeaningthroughsongs.E.So,whenlisteningtoaforeignsong,weenjoythelyricsassoundsandnotwords.F.Itseemsthatnotknowingthelanguageofthelyricsdoesn’tstopusfromlikingasong.G.Somemusicaltechniquesandelementscanalsohelpconveycertainmoodsandmessages.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。HowtoStopOverthinkingWeallhavetimeswhenweworry,whetherit’saboutwork,health,family,relationshipsorahostofotherreasons.Butisthereapointwhenyoumaythinkandworrytoomuch?Overthinkingisanunhealthyhabitthattypicallycausesmorestressbyfocusingonthenegativeinsteadofcomingupwithlogicalsolutions.Forexample,wemaystartworryingaboutaspecificsituationatwork,whichleadstoworryingaboutmoneyorlosingjobs.Butwhydowetendtooverthink?Thisisoftenduetocognitiveerrors,whicharebasicallyerrorsinlogicalthinking,suchasall-or-nothingthinkingandovergeneralisation.Althoughoverthinkingishardtobreak,NatachaDuke,aregisteredpsychotherapist,outlinesstrategiesthatcanhelp.“Healthydistractioncanbeuseful,”saysDuke.Activitieslikereadingandtakingawalkcanhelpkeepourstresslevelsdown.Theycanreduceourbaselinelevelofanxietyandmakeuslesslikelytooverthink.Dukeadds,“Keepingadailyjournalcanhelpusactivelymanagestressbeforeourfeelingsexpandoutofcontrol.”Aswepractisejournalingouremotionsandthoughts,itbecomeseasiertoidentifywhenwe’restartingtoworry.Stoppingworryingearlywillultimatelyhelpusfeelbetterandstayfocusedonwhatmattersmosttous.Somepeopleconstantlythinkaboutquestionslike“WhatifIlosemyjob?”or“WhatifIgetsick?”Whilehavingthesethoughtsisnormal,itbecomesaproblemwhenwefocusonlyontheworst-casesituation.“Forevery‘whatif’worry,changethistoan‘ifthen’statementwhereyoucomeupwithideastodealwiththeworryortheworst-casesituation,”saysDuke.“Focusonhavingaconcreteplaninplace.”So,facetheproblems,thenchallengeandreframethem.Finally,wewilldevelopeffectivewaystocopewithoverthinking.40.Whatisoverthinking?________________41.Whatcausesoverthinking?________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Amancanstopoverthinkingifhechanges“whatif”questionsto“ifthen”statements,becauseithelpshimfocusontheworst-casesituation.________________43.Besidesthesuggestionsmentionedinthepassage,whatotheradvicewillyougivetoapersonwhoisalwaysoverthinking?________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了丰富生活，你所在的班级开展了“家务小能手”主题展示活动。你的英国好友Jim得知情况后，来信询问有关信息。请你回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．活动内容;2．收获及感受。提示词：家务小能手展示活动HouseworkTalentShow注意：1．词数100左右;2．开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

北京市石景山区2022—2023学年第一学期高三期末试卷英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【1~10题答案】【答案】1.C2.C3.A4.D5.B6.C7.A8.B9.D10.C第二节语法