Unit+1+People+of+achievement+Words+and+Expressions+课件-【知识精讲精研】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

词汇Bytheendoftheclass,youwillbeableto:grasptheusageoftheimportantwordsinthisunitinspecificcontext.haveagoodunderstandingofwordformation,suchasprefixes,suffixes,andderivatives.applytheseimportantwordsinthecontext.LearningobjectivesReadingandThinking阅读crucialadj.关键性的;至关重要P2Thisyear’sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.原句Vitaminsarecrucialformaintaininggoodhealth.举例维生素是保持身体健康的关键。本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦（得主之一），她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。playacrucialrole/partinsth.

在......中扮演着至关重要的角色

拓展记忆cruciallycruciallyadv.关键地Winingthiscontractiscrucial_____thesuccessofthecompany.巩固tocrucialadj.关键性的;至关重要vitaladj.必不可少的;极其重要的P2Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.原句Understandinghistoryisvitalfor/tounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.举例作为一个民族和一个国家，了解历史对于了解我们自身是至关重要的。使青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾至关重要的成分。bevitalto...对……很重要Itisvitaltodosth.

做某事是很重要的Itisvitalthat...（should)do…是十分重要的

拓展记忆vitaladj.必不可少的;极其重要的1.Enoughsleepisvital______thestudents'well-beingandhealth.2.Itisvitalforus_________(finish)ourhomeworkintime.3.Itisvitalthathumanbeings_____________(obey)therulesofnature.巩固vitaladj.必不可少的;极其重要的to/fortofinish(should)obeycommittedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的P2TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.原句Tomypride,therecomesmillionsofcommittedcommunistsinChina.举例我感到自豪的是中国涌现出数以百万的坚定的共产主义者。屠呦呦是一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1995年毕业于北京大学医学院。记忆committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的前缀com-:completely表加强词义词根:mit,miss发，送后缀-ed:表形容词commoncollidecommittedsumittransmitpermitbecommittedtosth/doingsth.承诺/致力于（做）某事commitvt.

承诺；保证

vi.

忠于；全心全意投入（工作，活动等）commitsuicide=killoneselfcommit...to...把......投入......commitoneselfto(doing)sth/todosth承诺；保证（做某事,遵守协议或安排等）commitmentn.承诺；投入makeacommitmenttodosth.承诺做某事拓展committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的Theoldwomaniscommittedto_______(take)careofthepoorchildren.Shedoesn'twanttomakeabigemotional___________(commit)toSteveatthemoment.巩固committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的commitmenttakingobjectiven.目标;目的

adj.客观的

P2In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.原句Hermain/primeobjectivenowissimplytostayinpower.举例她现在的主要目标就是继续掌权。1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。Weobjectto____________(blame)forsomethingthatwehaven’tdone.UnlessourmanagerobjectstoTom’s________(join)theclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.Despite__________(object)bytheWhiteHouse,

theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.巩固beingblamed

joiningobjectionsobjectiven.目标;目的

adj.客观的

objectiven.目标；目的goal/aim/target

adj.客观的

subjectiveadj.主观的objectn.物体；宾语v.不同意；不赞成；反对objecttosth/doingsth

反对某事拓展evaluatev.评价，评估P2Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.原句Weshallneedtoevaluatehowthenewmaterialstandsuptowearandtear.举例我们需要对新材料的耐磨损度作出鉴定。她的团队研读了2000多篇中医药古籍，评估了28万种植物的药学属性。evaluatev.评价，评估evaluate...on/by根据……评价……evaluationn.估价;评价makeanevaluationof对……进行评估拓展Weshouldn’tevaluatepeople________theirclothes.

Wemustmakeanevaluation_______theconsequencescausedbythefire.

巩固by/onof记忆propertyn.财产，特征，属性

properadj.个人的-ty名词后缀propertybeautycertaintylibertysafetyAherbwithhealingproperties具有治疗功效的药草P2Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.(词义选择）A.anobjectorobjectsthatbelongtosomeoneB.abuildingorareaofland,orbothtogetherC.aqualityorpowerthatasubstance,plantetc.has原句Oneofthe__________(proper)ofcopperisthatitconductsheatandelectricityverywell.巩固propertyn.财产，特征，属性

propertiesdistinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的P2Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.原句Thetwoconceptsarequitedistinctfromeachother.举例这两个概念之间有显著的差别。通过研究，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。bedistinct/differentfrom...与...不同distinctionn.区别,差别;特性;make/drawadistinction区分开来；区别对待thedistinctionbetweenAandBA和B之间的区别distinctiveadj.独特的；有特色的拓展Thelearningneedsofthetwogroups______________eachother.

这两个组的学习需求是有区别的。Philosophersdidnotuseto________________betweenartsandscience.哲学家过去习惯不把人文科学与自然科学区别开来。巩固distinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的aredistinctfrommakeadistinctionobtainvt.(尤指经努力)获得;贏得P2Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdideither.原句Firsteditionsofthesebooksarenowalmostimpossibletoobtain.举例这些书的第一版现在已几乎弄不到了。之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，但是依旧无效。obtain...from...从...中得到obtainone’spermission得到某人许可obtaininformation获取信息obtainevidence取证拓展Hewasfoundguiltyof__________(obtain)moneybydeception.巩固obtainvt.(尤指经努力)获得;贏得obtainingacknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢P2However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.原句Wegratefullyacknowledgethecontributionsofeveryonewhohelpedus.举例我们衷心感谢每一位帮助过我们的人所付出的努力。然而，屠呦呦并不认输。acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢It'suniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat……...是大家所公认的acknowledgesb/sthas…/tobe…承认某人/事为……acknowledgedoing/havedonesth. 承认做了某事acknowledgethat…承认……acknowledgementn.承认;感谢;谢礼拓展acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢记忆ac-表示朝，向，去-ledge名词后缀acknowledgeknowv.知道，了解Herefusedto______________________,whichmademomveryannoyed.他不承认他的错误，这使得他妈妈很生气。2.He_________________________thebestpianistintheworld.他是大家公认的世界上最好的钢琴家。巩固acknowledgehismistakeisuniversallyacknowledgedasdefeatn.失败，挫败vt.击败，战胜P2However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.原句NapoleonwasdefeatedbytheDukeofWellingtonatthebattleofWaterloo.举例拿破仑在滑铁卢战役中被惠灵顿公爵击败。然而，屠呦呦并不认输。defeatn.失败，挫败vt.击败，战胜辨析——defeat,beat,win单词中文用法defeat

击败，强调过程和结果宾语是对手beat

打败；（连续）击打宾语是对手win获得；获胜宾语是game/match/race/election/prize选词填空(defeat/beat/win)YesterdayI____________Johnatchess.He_____onlyoneset,whileI_____twosets.巩固defeated/beat

wonwonanalysevt.分析P2Sheanalysedthemedicaltextsagain,andbychance,shefoundsentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.原句Researchersanalysedthepurchasesof6,300households.举例研究者们对6300个家庭的购物消费作了分析。她再次分析医学文献，碰巧发现其中一句话建议采用一种不同的方法处理青蒿。analysevt.分析analysesth.分析某事analysisn.分析(复数:analyses)analysern.分析器，分析者拓展The

job

involves

gathering

and

____________

data..

This

information

is

only

raw

data

and

will

need

further

________.

巩固analysinganalysisapparentlyadv.显而易见；看来；显然

P2Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.原句Apparentlyit'sgoingtoraintoday.举例看样子今天有雨。她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。apparentlyadv.显而易见；看来；显然

Asisapparentlyshown/statedinthepicture/chart/passageabove...

正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示陈述的那样……apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的Itisapparentthat...显然…近义词：

clearadj.清晰易懂的;明显的;显然的;

obviousadj.明显的;显然的;

evidentadj.清楚的;显而易见的;显然的拓展记忆ap-:表“朝，向，去”或“加强，强调“par-/pear-:comeinsight看见-ent表形容词apparentappeartransparentapparentlyadv.显而易见；看来；显然

______isapparentlyshowninthechartabove,thereareabout10%studentssupportingtheidea.Hepaused,___________(apparent)lostinthought.Soon,itwasapparenttoeveryone______hecouldn'tsing.巩固Asapparentlythatinsistvi.

坚持;坚决要求P3TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.

原句Sheinsistedonseeingherlawyer.举例她坚持要见她的律师。屠呦呦和她的团队甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。insistvi坚持;坚决要求insiston/upondoingsth.坚决要求做某事insistthat...坚持说/认为.（从句内容表示一个事实，从句谓语动词按实际需要选择时态）强烈要求...（从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略）拓展Theyinsistedon_______(go)therebycar.Heinsistedthathe____________(do)anythingwrongandthathe_________________(set)free.巩固goinghadn'tdone

(should)besetfreeconclusionn.结论，结束

P4Didyoucometoanyconclusions?原句Becarefulnottointroducenewideasintheconclusionofyouressay.举例注意不要在你的论文结论部分引入新的想法。你得出什么结论了吗？conclusionn.结论，结束

inconclusion＝toconclude最后，总之cometo/draw/arriveat/reacha/theconclusion得出结论makeaconclusion下结论conclude

vt./vi.得出结论，推断出;结束，终止concludesth.fromsth.从......中推断出......concludesth.withsth./bydoingsth.以......结束......拓展conclusionn.结论，结束

记忆con-/com-:一起clud-:关闭concludeIhavecometothe_________(conclude)thathe'snottherightpersonforthejob.Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingit'send,makesuretoconcludeit______importantpoints.____________(conclude),Iwouldliketoaskafewquestionsabouthispersonallife,whichmustbeveryinteresting.

巩固conclusionwithToconcludeLearningAboutLanguage语法DiscoveringUsefulStructurescircumstancen.条件，情况；情形，形势P5Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.原句Obviouslywecan'tdealwiththeproblemuntilweknowallthecircumstances.举例显然，我们只有了解全部情况后才能处理这问题。她现在的情况超出了你的控制。circumstancen.条件，情况；情形，形势in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下，既然如此in/undernocircumstances决不，无论如何不拓展Weopposecapitalpunishment________anycircumstances.Undernocircumstances___________________(approach)theman.巩固in/undershouldyouapproachUsingLanguage听说ListeningandSpeakingfoundvt.创建，建立；把......建立在P6ElonMuskfoundedhigh-techandfuturisticcompanies.

原句Sheleftalargesumofmoneyinherwilltofoundawildlifesanctuary.举例她在遗嘱里留下了一大笔钱用来创建野生动物保护区。埃隆·马斯克创建了高科技未来派公司。foundvt.创建，建立；把......建立在befoundedon/upon...以......为基础/根据foundern.创立者，始创者foundationn.地基；基础；基金会；建立layafoundationfor为......打下基础拓展Theirmarriagewasfouded____loveandmutualrespect.Heisrecognizedasoneofthe________(found)ofcomputertechnology.__________in1935inOhio,AlcoholicsAnonymousisnowaworld-wideorganization.巩固on

founders

Founded

UsingLanguage写作ReadingforWritingcourageousadj.勇敢的，有胆量的，有勇气的

P8Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.原句Ihopepeoplewillbecourageousenoughtospeakoutagainstthisjustice.举例她希望人们能敢于大胆说出来，反对这种不公。爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，而且还是一位广受爱戴的勇敢的、善良的人。courageousadj.勇敢的，有胆量的，有勇气的

Itiscourageousofsbtodosth某人很勇敢做了某事近义词：braveencouragev.鼓励encouragesbtodosthdiscouragev.使灰心，使泄气拓展记忆couragen.勇气-ous:表形容词，.......的courageouscourageousadj.勇敢的，有胆量的，有勇气的

Itwascourageous____hertochallengethemanagingdirector'sdecision.Itwashisteacherwho__________himtomakethis_____________decision.(courage)巩固of

encouraged

courageous

exceptionaladj.卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的P8Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowscoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,despiteobtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.原句Thecompanyhasshownexceptionalgrowthoverthepasttwoyears.举例过去两年中，这家公司取得了不俗的发展业绩。16岁时，他报考瑞士的大学，尽管入学考试中的数学和物理成绩十分优异，但是因为通识部分的成绩低而未被录取。exceptionaladj.卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的exceptionaltalent/ability/skill非凡的才能/能力/技能quiteexceptional相当优秀exceptionn.例外;一般情况以外的人(或事物);规则的例外;例外的事物拓展exceptionaladj.卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的Attheageoffiveheshowed_________(exception)talentasamusician.

巩固记忆deceiveacceptex-:出cept/ceiv/:拿-ion:表名词exceptional

expandexoticconceptexceptionalextraordinaryadj.非凡的；特别的；意想不到的；令人惊奇的P8Hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.原句Hetoldtheextraordinarystoryofhisescape.举例他讲述了他离奇的逃亡经历。他发表了四篇非同寻常的物理学论文。extraordinaryadj.非凡的；特别的；意想不到的；令人惊奇的anextraordinaryachievement卓越的成就Itisextraordinarythat...真想不到......extraordinarilyadv.极其，极端地拓展extraordinaryadj.非凡的；特别的；意想不到的；令人惊奇的Itisextraordinarythathe_______________(make)exactlythesame

mistakeagain.

巩固记忆extra-:超过ordinaryadj.普通的

extraordinaryextrovert

外向的；extraviolet

紫外线的shouldmakecametopower（开始）掌权；上台P8Circumstanceschangedin1933,whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.原句Couldyoutellmewhenthenewpresidentcametopower?举例你能告诉我新总统是什么时候上台的吗？1933年希特勒在德国上台，形式发生了变化。cametopower（开始）掌权；上台beinpower执政，当权beyond/outofone'spower某人力所不能及的withinone'spower某人力所能及的havethepowertodosth.有能力做某事拓展Youcandependonitthatitis________hispower.Hecanhelpyou.

2.Thepresentregime_________________fortwoyears.

现政权已经执政两年了。巩固within

hasbeeninpower

consequencen.结果；后果P8Asaconsequence,hehadtofleeGermany.

原句Well,ifyouinsistoneatingsomuch,you'llhavetosuffer/take(=acceptanddealwith)theconsequences!举例好吧，要是你坚持吃这么多，你会自食其果的！因此，他不得不逃离德国。consequencen.结果；后果asaconsequence/inconsequence因此，结果

as/inaconsequenceof由于，因为......的缘故consequentadj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequentlyadv.所以，因此，结果

oflittle/no/anyconsequence不重要的，无足轻重的

拓展consequencen.结果；后果asaconsequence/inconsequence因此，结果

as/inaconsequenceof由于，因为......的缘故consequentadj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequentlyadv.所以，因此，结果

oflittle/no/anyconsequence不重要的，无足轻重的

拓展记忆con-:共同，一起sequ-:跟随

ence-:表名词

consequenceconceive

构思，认为conclude

结束，作结论consequencen.结果；后果Animalshavediedas___consequenceofcomingintocontactwiththischemical.Takingfinancialriskscanhaveserious____________(consequence).Mycarbrokedownand___________(consequent)Iwaslate.巩固a

consequencesconsequentlypeculiarityn.特点;古怪；奇异；怪癖P8Butdespitehispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbours.原句Well,weallhaveourlittlepeculiarities,don'twe?举例哦，我们每个人都有自己的一些小怪癖，不是吗？尽管怪癖不少，他仍然颇受朋友和邻居的喜爱。peculiarityn.特点;古怪；奇异；怪癖peculiarityof......的独特性/怪异peculiaradj.奇怪的，异常的bepeculiartosb/sth为某人/某事物所特有

拓展Thistypeofbuildingispeculiar___thesouthofthecountry.Eachnationcanhaveitsown___________(peculiar)whenitcomestodoingbusiness.巩固topeculiaritiesencounterv.

遭到，遭遇；偶然碰到n.偶然相遇，邂逅，不期而遇P8Infact,Einsteinoftenencounteredpeopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimandaskhimtohelpexplainthings.原句Ontheirwayhometheyencounteredawomansellingflowers.举例在回家的路上他们碰到一位卖花的女子。事实上，爱因斯坦经常遇到有人当街拦住他，请他解释各种事物。encounterv.

遭到，遭遇；偶然碰到n.偶然相遇，邂逅，不期而遇encounterdifficulties/problems遇到困难encounteroppostion/resistance遭到反对/抵制encounterwith...和......的相遇encounterbetween...和......的交锋拓展Ihadanalarmingencounter_____awildpig.Thismeetingwillbethefirstencounter________thepartyleaderssincetheelection.巩固with

between

occasionn.（尤指某事发生的）时刻，时候；特殊场合；重大活动；盛会P9Aftermanysuchoccasions,hefinallystartedsaying,“Pardonme!Sorry!AlwaysIammistakenforProfessorEinstein!”（词义选择）aparticulartime,especiallywhensomethinghappensorhashappenedaspecialorformaleventasuitabletimeforsth.areasonorcause原句occasionn.（尤指某事发生的）时刻，时候；特殊场合；重大活动；盛会onthis/thatoccasion在这种/那种场合occasionaladj.偶然的；偶尔的occasionallyadv.偶尔；间或on...occasions在......时刻；场合原句IhaveasuitbutIonlywearit___specialoccasions.___________(occasion)I'llhaveapieceofchocolate,butit'sveryrare.巩固onOccasionally

remarkableadj.非凡的；奇异的；引人注目的P9Apartfromhisremarkableachievements,whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutEinstein’slife?原句NelsonMandelawasatrulyremarkableman.举例纳尔逊．曼德拉确实是个了不起的人。除了他非凡的成就，关于爱因斯坦的生活，文章告诉了我们什么？

remarkableadj.非凡的；奇异的；引人注目的remarkablefeat/achievement/accomplishment

非凡的成就Itisremarkablethat.........令人惊讶beremarkablefor...因......而著称拓展学习re-:再mark:标记

-able:表形容词，可......,能......remarkablerepeatresignrecreate

remarkableadj.非凡的；奇异的；引人注目的The20thcenturywasremarkable____itsinventions.Itisremarkable_______womendidnothavethevoteuntilthattime.巩固forthatdevicen.装置，器械;方法，手段P9Whatrhetoricaldevicesareusedinthepassage?（词义选择）A.amachineortoolthatdoesaspecialjobB.aspecialwayofdoingsththatmakesiteasiertodoC.aplanortrick,especiallyforadishonestpurposeD.thespecialuseofwordsinliterature,orofwords,lightsectinaplay,toachieveaneffect原句devicen.装置，器械;方法，手段devicefordoingsth./devicetodosth.做某事的设备/方法/手段rhetoricaldevices