湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语

绝密★启用前三湘名校教育联盟五市十校教研教改共同体2021年上学期高二期末考试英语全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号填入相应位置内。2.客观题请用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，主观题用黑色的签字笔书写在答题卡上。3.考试结束时，只交答题卡，试卷请妥善保管。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C。1.Whatisthemanremindedtotake?A.Abook.B.Acamera.C.Aviolin.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforthetickets?A.$16.B.$40.C.$56.3.Whatkindofbuildingisbeingreplaced?A.Adepartmentstore.B.Anapartmentbuilding.C.Ahospital.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atahotel.B.Atacinema.C.Atarestaurant.5.WhowillplaywithJim?A.Hisfather.B.Hismother.C.Hissister.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomanunabletogototheconcert?A.Shecan'taffordtobuyaticket.B.Shehasnopartnertogowith.C.Hermotherdoesn'tallowhertogo.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Seeingamovie.B.Goingtothegym.C.Askingherfatherforhelp.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whathavethespeakersplannedtodothisafternoon?A.Playbadminton.B.Attendameeting.C.Watchamatch.9.Whydoesthemanwanttocanceltheappointment?A.Theweatheristerrible.B.Hedoesn'tfeelwell.C.Hehasabusyschedule.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whichuniversityattractsthemanmost?A.CambridgeUniversity.B.SydneyUniversity.C.HarvardUniversity.11.WhatistheadvantageofstudyinginAustralia?A.It'seasytofindgoodjobs.B.It'seasytogetascholarship.C.Itwillcostlessthaninothercountries.12.Whatisthemanadvisedtodointheend?A.Applyforsomescholarships.B.Makeadecisionatonce.C.StudyhardforTOFEL.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。13.What'sthebrandofthespeaker’scar?A.Delphi.B.Google.C.Tesla.14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheletteratfirst?A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.15.Whatwillhappenlaterthisyear?A.Teslawilltestitsselfdrivingcars.B.Delphiwillmakeaselfdrivingcar.C.Googlewillcreateanewsoftware.16.WhatwilltheTeslapanydowithitssoldcars?A.Replacethewheels.B.Updatethesoftware.C.Fixtheengines.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.WhatareyoungerBritishpeopleexpectedtodo?A.Workinfarmingindustry.B.Improvetheirine.C.Improvegrainproduction.18.Whyaretheolderfarmersadvisedtoretire?A.Toremoveoldfarmingmethods.B.Toreducethecost.C.Toprotecttheenvironment.19.WhatistheaverageageoffarmersintheUK?A.40.B.59.C.65.20.Whatistheattitudeofmostfarmerstowardstheplan?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Doubtful.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWeletojoinourSummerYouthLanguageProgramtoimproveEnglishlanguageskills,makenewfriendsworldwide,andhaveagoodtimehere!Theprogramcapacityislimited,soifyouareinterested,youshouldregisterassoonaspossible.DatesandCostsAllprogramsrequirea$100nonrefundabledeposit(不退还的押金)toreserveaspotintheprogram.June15July165weekprogram:($1920)July20August205weekprogram:($1920)June15August2010weekprogram:($3620)Youcanalsostudywithusforshorterperiods.4weekprogramscost$1580tuitionand3weekprogramscost$1240.DiscountsThereisa10%discountforeachadditionalfamilymember!AppropriateAgesRemendedAges:14andolderRestrictions:Studentswhoareyoungerthan16musthaveaparentorguardianwiththem.ProgramScheduleInthemorning,youwilljointheallagedIntensiveEnglishclassesfrom9:00amto2:00pm,MondaytoThursday,wheretheycanmeetotherstudentsfromworldwide.Intheafternoonfrom2to3pm,wewillhavefunafterschoolactivities,likesoccerinthePark,visittoScienceMuseumandstorywritingpetition.ItemsStudentsShouldBringClothes:Shirts,ajacket,longpants,aswimsuitandfortableshoes,etc.Otherpersonalitems:Cameraphone,plugadapter,photosoffriends/family.Studymaterials:Notebooks,pens,andpencils.AirportSafeItems:Don'tbringfoodsandsnacks,orthey'llbechargedbeforeyouboardtheairport.21.Howmuchwillbechargedifyouandyourbrotherjoinina3weekprogram?A.$1920.B.$2356.C.$3002.D.$3620.22.Whatwillparticipantsdoat2:30pmonMonday?A.municatewithforeignstudents.B.AttendintensiveEnglishclasses.C.Joininsomeinterestingactivities.D.Talkwiththeirparentsonthephone.23.Whyshouldstudentsavoidbringingfoodsandsnacks?A.Tosavespacefortheirluggage.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Toavoidanyunwantedfees.D.Tofollowtherulesoftheairport.BWhenitconiestoshepherds,peopleusuallythinkofmenorboys.That'sbecausethesheephavetypicallybeenwatchedbymen,butnowthatischanging.AnewschooltotrainwomentobeshepherdsisopeninginSpain.Theaimfortheschoolisn'tjustaboutgenderequalitybygivingwomenajob,butit'salsoaboutrevivingthecountryside.Manysmalltownsarebeingdepopulatedasmoreyoungpeoplearegoingtothecities.Womenhavebeenabandoningthecountrysideingreaternumbersthanmenandthepopulationisaging.Manytownsaretakingmeasurestoattractnewresidents'butfewofthemfocusedonlyonwomen.Whilethereareothershepherdschoolsthatacceptwomen,thenewschoolisdifferentbecauseitisbeingrunthroughawoman'sperspective(角度).Theyalsohavetocarefortheirfamilyduringtheirwork."That'swhywe'retalkingaboutworklifebalance,creatingnetworksofeachother'ssupportandcooperation,“saidSusanaPacheco,theorganizeroftheschool.Thecoursewillrunforninemonthsandincludenearly500hoursofonlinetrainingandanadditionalweekendamonthoftraininginCantabriaamountainousareaofthecountry.Whileshepherdingisatraditionaljob,theschoolwillusethelatesttechnologicaladvancestotrackthesheep.Therearealsohandsontrainingclassesthatincludebeekeeping,cheesemaking,andecotourismthatwillallowthewomenachanceforextraine.Whiletheideaofaschoolseparatedbysexhasnotbeenfullyaccepted,Pachecosaidthattheconditioninsomevillagesisterriblewith149seniorsforevery100children."Ifwewantgenerationalchange,womenarefundamental,"shesaid."Weseethisschoolasasocialtransformationprojectwewanttoempowerwomenandrespect,thiswork."24.WhatproblemistheSpanishcountrysidefacing?A.Mendon'tlikeherdingthesheep.B.Womenknowlittleaboutshepherds.C.Itspopulationisbeingsmaller.D.Itssheeparealwaysunattended.25.Whyisthenewschooldifferentfromothershepherdones?A.Itaimedtohelptheunemployedwomen.B.Itputswomen'sprioritiesinthefirstplace.C.Itencouragesmen'ssupportfortheirwives.D.Itofferscoursesinfarmingforninemonths.26.Whyarehandsontrainingclassesheldinthenewschool?A.Toincreasethepopularityofthesecourses.B.Tobetterthewomen'sabilitytowatchsheep.C.Toimprovethebusinessesinthecountryside.D.Toteachthewomenskillstoearnmoremoney.27.WhatdoesPachecosayaboutthenewschoolinthelastparagraph?A.Itwillchangethepopulationstructure.B.Itwillnotbeweledbymen.C.Itwillleadtoaculturaltransformation.D.Itshowstheproblemswomenarefacing.CLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersofuselessgrass.Thegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislaturetobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobeethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoftenseenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakesup40%ofallthegrassinLasVegasanditneedsalotofwatertosurvive.Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernNevadaWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersfromplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedinsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.Andlastyear,LasVegaswentarecord240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoRiverprovidesmuchofNevada'sdrinkingwater.Therivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinotherdrycitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheirmunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona."Theremighteapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevereforsomeresidents.They'llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,"Campbellsaid."Forsomepeople,it'sapool.Forsomepeople,it'sgrass."28.WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople.B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Toreducewaterusage.D.Toreducewaste.29.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?A.Allowingplantinggrassbeforenewhouses.B.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.C.Praisingthosewhosignedontheprogram.D.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.30.WhatisimpliedinCampbell'swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Manyresidentswon'tfollowtheban.B.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.C.Othermeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectwetter.D.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassB.AMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasC.ChoicesbetweenBeautyandPracticeD.GrassIsImportantbutUselessinLasVegasD"Heavyhearts,likeheavycloudsinthesky,arebestrelievedbythelettingofalittlewater,theFrenchwriterAntoinedeRivarolwrote.ThislovelettertothecleansingbeautyofagoodcryisafortingthoughtatatimewhenthecontinuingstressoftheCOVID19hasaddedheavinesstoeachofourlives.Scientifically,deRivarol'spoeticimagedoesn't,ifyou'llforgivethewordsusedinthepoem,holdwater.There'slimitedresearchoncrying,partlybecauseofthedifficultyofcopyingthebehaviorofrealcryinginalab.Butevenwithinthepreviousstudies,there'slittleevidencetosuggestthatcryingprovidesaphysiologicalcleansingofpoisonsinpeople'sbody.Psychologistsbelievethereliefofagoodcryconnectswithadifferentemotionalprocess.seemsthatcryingoccursjustafterthepeakoftheemotionalexperience,andcryingisassociatedwiththisreturntohomeostasis:theprocessofmaintainingastablepsychologicalstate,saidLaurenBylsma.Healsosaidholdingbacktearscanhavenegativephysicalconsequences,includingheadachesandmuscletension.Suchrestrictioncanalsolimitourexperiencesofjoy,gratitudeandotherpositiveemotionsifweavoidacknowledgingourfeelings.Forme,cryinghasbeeneasiersaidthandoneduringtheCOVID19.Psychologistssayit'snormaltofeelstoppedupbythestressesofthepastyear.Weshouldfindopportunitiestoreleaseandprocessouremotions.Watchingatearjerkingmovie,havinganemotionalconversationwithaclosefriend,andwritinginajournalarehealthywaystoelicitacry.Physicalactivitylikelightfootedwalkingorevendancingcanalsosignalourbodiestoreleasesomeemotionaltightness.Wecanthenopenuptotheflowoffeelingsthatleaveusfeelinglighterandrefreshedlikeaclearskyafterasoakingrain.32.Whatistheweaknessofthestudieseverdoneoncrying?A.Theywerecloneinalaboratorysetting.B.Theycaredlittleaboutdifferentformsofcrying.C.Theywerealwaysconcentratedonpeople'sdailylife.D.Theyshowedlittleaboutthepositivephysicaleffectofcrying.33.WhatisthefunctionofcryingaccordingtoLaurenBylsma?A.Curingpeopleoftheirdiseases.B.Keepingemotionallybalanced.C.Producingnegativementalresults.D.Expandingpeople'sexperienceofjoy.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"elicit"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Produce.B.Postpone.C.Control.D.Repeat.35.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Learntoholdbacktheirtearswisely.B.Sharetheiremotionwiththeircolleagues.C.Haveagoodcrywhennecessary.D.Trytoavoidadmittingourfeelings.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分.满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Usuallyinschoolorinclubs,childrenaretoldnottohorsearoundoractbadly.ButinsouthLondon,thereisaclubthatlovesitwhenstudentshorsearound.TheclubiscalledtheEbonyHorseClub,aridingschoolforchildrenfrompoorfamilies.Withthehelpofvolunteers,theygiveabout140rideseachweektochildren.36.Theclubrecentlyreopeneditsstables(马棚).TheywereclosedformonthsbecauseoftheCOVID19.37Aftertheirreturn,youngridersbeganbylearninghowtogetonthehorses,howtowalkandhowtocontrolthehorses.Oneoftheclub'syoungestridersisShaddai.38Heridesafterschool.ButhejoinstheteamonSundaystohelpintheyard.Hegetsgreatsatisfactionbytakingcareofthehorses:cleaningoutthestables,groomingthehorses,andmeasuringouttheireveningmeals.Shaddairecentlyreceivedhisfirstawardforgrooming.Alongwithridingclosetohome,theclubmemberstakedaytripstootherclubsinthecountryside.Beforethepandemic,groupsofchildrenfromtheclubhadwonderfulexperiences.39Severalstudentswhofinishedtheprogramhavefoundjobsinthehorseindustry.40Butitneedsdonationstosurvive.Thecostofridingisbasedontheriders'situationathome.Butlikeotherorganizations,theclubmayexperiencemoneyproblems.Now,theclubplanstocontinuetoraisemoney“tonotjustmaintainbutgrowtheiractivities".A.Theyneverthinkitwillbeaproblem.B.Theyteachhorsebackridingandsomelifeskills.C.Sheplayedapartinconnectingchildrentotheclub.D.TheyhadalsotraveledasfarasSwedentoridehorses.E.The9yearoldwasveryexcitedtobebackonthehorse.F.Theoriginaleighthorseshavereturnedtotheirhomeafterarest.G.Theclubhasexperiencedanincreaseinchildrenwantingtojoin.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afteralifetimedevotedtomakingshoes,MohammadShafidecidedtoretire.Determinedtogivebacktohismunity,heplannedto41allofhisshoestotheSalvationArmy.Mohammadlearntthe42ofmakingshoesatanearlyage.HelivedinEnglandbefore43toCanada.Butin2005,hedecidedtomoveagain.Thistimethe44wasParksville,whereheopenedhisfirststore.Mohammad'sideaofdonatingthemtothe45organizationcamelongbeforehedecidedtoretire.Actually,itwasa46hemadetooneofhisregularcustomers,whowas47theSalvationArmyandaskedMohammadforadviceonhismanagement.It'sanorganization48in1865.Todayitpartnerswithothercharitiestobring49topeoplewithlowine.Oneofitskeygoalsisto50othersoftheirpovertythroughkindactionsthatare51tothemunity."We'rehonoredforthisgift,whichwillbe52atreasonableprices,"saidBonnieBrown,businessmanagerofthisorganization."Hisdonationwill53raisingessentialfundtosupportourlocalfoodbank."Mohammad'sinitiativeisjustone54ofhowwecanmakeadifference.Whetheryou're55businessmenorcaringindividuals,thereisnobetterwaytohelpthoseinneedthantoputourselvesintheirshoes.41.A.donateB.awardC.deliverD.exchange42.A.careerB.skillC.conceptD.atmosphere43.A.rushingB.drivingC.travelingD.moving44.A.routineB.deadlineC.destinationD.continent45.A.charitableB.creativeC.famousD.popular46.A.challengeB.callC.promiseD.choice47.A.insearchofB.inchargeofC.inneedofD.inmemoryof48.A.discoveredB.managedC.mentionedD.founded49.A.fortB.lifeC.damageD.honor50.A.cureB.remindC.relieveD.inform51.A.beneficialB.popularC.attractiveD.important52.A.similarB.traditionalC.necessaryD.available53.A.existinB.contributetoC.recoverfromD.careabout54.A.exampleB.representativeC.programD.column55.A.attentiveB.generousC.ridiculousD.satisfactory第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CouldyousurviveforafewdayswithoutyoursmartphoneorwithoutbeingconnectedtotheInternet?Howaboutlivinginacave56nomodernequipmentfor40days?Fifteenpeopledidjustthat.Theytookpartinaproject57(call)DeepTimetoseehowtheywouldreacttoandcopewithbeing58(total)disconnectedfromthemodernworld.Scientistswantedtounderstandhowpeoplewouldadapttohugechangesinlivingconditions.Theyputthevolunteersin59cavefornearlysixweeks.Therewasnosunlightand60(participant)hadnocontactwiththeoutsideworld.Theyhadtorelyontheirbodyclock61(know)whentowakeup,gotosleepandeat.Mostofthevolunteerssaidtheyenjoyedtheexperienceoftotalisolation.Twothirdsexpressedadesiretoremainundergroundawhile62(long)inordertofinishprojectstheyhadstarted.DeepTime'sdirectorChristianClotsaidtheexperiencewouldtesthumans'63(able)toadapttothelossoftheirframeofreferencefortimeandspace.Onestrikingobservationis64theylosttheirsenseoftime.Mr.Clotsaidthatthey65(walk)intothecave30daysbeforeintheirheads.Oneteammemberestimatedthetimeundergroundtobe23days.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校英国交换生Linda在昨晚的中文演讲比赛中未能获奖，心情沮丧。请你给她写一封邮件安慰她。包括以下要点：1.表示安慰;2分析失败的原因：3.提供帮助。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearLinda,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料.根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写,使之构成一篇完整的短文。JoanMacDonaldis75yearsoldthisyear.Shestartedhittingthegymonaregularbasisjustafewyearsagoattheageof70.Backthen,Joanwasoutofshapeandatalowpointinherlife.Shewasdealingwithaddedpoundsandatriptothedoctoronlyconfirmedherfearsthatherhealthwasonthedecline.Worsestill,thetreatmentsgivenbyherdoctorweren'tworkingwell.Herbloodpressurewasstillhigh,andshealsohadkidney(肾)problems.Afteratoughconversationwithherdaughterwhoisapersonaltrainer,Joanknewsheneededtobetheonetomakeachange.Soshebegantoworkoutatonce.InJanuary,2017,sheflewdowntoMexico.Thereherdaughterwashostingakindofcampforwomenlikeher,whohopedtolosesomeweightandfeeltheirbest.ItwastherethatshelearnedhowtodocumentherjourneyonInstagram.Itwasverytiringatthebeginningbecauseshehadtolearntheskillsaswellasdoingsomethingchallengingwithherbody.Shehadtolearnhowtoeatproperly,howmanymealstoeat,andhowtodoherexercises,hopingthatshegotthemdoneright.Itwasespeciallydifficult,becausewhileJoanwasdealingwithallofthephysicaldiseasesthatresultfromaging,shewasalsofightingagainstagenerationalmindset,onethatdidn'tlookatexerciseandeatinghealthilythesamewaywedonow.Shemanagedtostayactivealltheseyearsbychasingafterherchildren,takingcareofherfamilyandprioritizingeveryoneelse'sneedsaboveherown.Butwhenherkidsgrewup,Joandidn'thavemanyhobbiesthatgotherupandmoving.Therefore,sharingherfitnessphotosonInstagrambecamethathobby.注意：1.写作词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Joanhas1.3millionfansonFacebook.Sofar,hittingthegymregularlyhasbenefitedJoanalot.高二年级期末测试卷英语参考答案和评分标准第一部分听力1—5BCACB6—10CAABC11—15CACBA16—20BACBA阅读第一节A【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了暑期青少年语言培训活动的相关内容。【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“DatesandCosts”中的“Youcanalsostudywithusforshorterperiods.4weekprogramscost$1580tuitionand3weekprogramscost$1240.”和“Discounts”中的“Thereisa10%discountforeachadditionalfamilymember!”可知，3个星期的培训费用为$1240，另外一个家族成员打九折，故答案选B项。【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“ProgramSchedule”中的介绍可知，星期一下午2点，参加者在参加一些有趣的课外活动。故答案选C项。【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“ItemsStudentsShouldBring”中的“AirportSafeItems:Don’tbringfoodsandsnacks，orthey’llbechargedbeforeyouboardtheairport.”可知，食物和零食都是收费项目。不带这些食物可以节省费用。故答案选C项。B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了西班牙的一所新开办的牧羊人学校，跟其它牧羊人学校不同的是，它是专门培训女牧羊人的学校。【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Manysmalltownsarebeingdepopulated…thanmenandthepopulationisaging.”可知，西班牙的许多小城镇正面临人口减少问题。故答案选C项。【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Whilethereareothershepherdschoolsthatacceptwomen,…Theyalsohavetocarefortheirfamilyduringtheirwork.”可知，这所新办的牧羊人学校完全为妇女考虑，如何做到家庭和工作两不误。故答案选B项。【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Therearealsohandsontrainingclassesthatincludebeekeeping,cheesemaking,andecotourismthatwillallowthewomenachanceforextraine.”可知，这些参加者还要参加像养蜂、制作奶酪等实践课，目的是让参加者可以挣额外的收入。故答案选D项。【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Weseethisschoolasasocialtransformationproject––wewanttoempowerwomenandrespectthiswork.”可知，这所学校起着非常重要的作用，通过在这所学校的学习，妇女们将掌握放牧及其它谋生的技能。随之而来的将是乡镇的人口结构的变化。故答案选A项。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，拉斯维加斯是建立在沙漠的城市，水非常珍贵。然而城市的草消耗了大量的水。为节约用水，该市要求立法机构通过一项法律，禁止使用没有用途的草。【答案解析】【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.”可知，拉斯维加斯城试图通过立法要清理掉没有用的草，主要目的是节约用水。故答案选C项。【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytearout.”可知，2003年，拉斯维加斯城号召人们清理无用的草，并对他们进行补助。故答案选B项。【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，拉斯维加斯人对该项改革持不同的看法。故答案选B项。【答案】A【解析】标题概括题。本文主要讲的是拉斯维加斯城准备通过一项法律，在城市里禁止使用没有用途的草，其目的是节约用水。比较四个选项可知，A项最适合做本文的标题。D【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，哭是一种心理过程，哭可以让人释放压力，在生理方面和心理方面都对人有益处。本文主要阐述了这些益处。32.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Butevenwithinthestudiesthathavebeendone,there’slittleevidencetosuggestthatcryingprovidesaphysiologicalcleansingofpoisonsinpeople’sbody”可知，之前的一些有关哭的研究几乎没有关注哭的生理排毒作用。故答案选D项。33.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Itseemsthatcryingoccursjustafterthepeakoftheemotionalexperience,andcryingisassociatedwiththisreturntohomeostasis:theprocessofmaintainingastablepsychologicalstate,”可知，LaurenBylsma认为哭能释放压力，让人心理状态保持稳定。故答案选B项。【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据语境可知，观看电影、跟朋友聊天和写日记都是引发哭的健康方式。该词意为“引诱，探出，产生”。跟A项同义。【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，当泪点到来的时候，千万不要遏制住自己的心情，大声哭出来。故答案选C项。第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，曾经因为新冠疫情而关闭的一家骑马俱乐部最近重新开放了。但目前它面临着资金短缺的问题。【答案】B【解析】根据上文的“Withthehelpofvolunteers,theygiveabout140rideseachweektochildren.”可知，这些志愿者还教孩子们骑马术和生活技能。故选B项。【答案】F【解析】根据上下文的内容尤其是下文的“Aftertheirreturn”可知，马棚重新开放，俱乐部的马重新回到了马棚。故答案选F项。【答案】E【解析】根据上文的“Oneoftheclub’syoungestridersisShaddai.”和下文的“Shaddairecentlyreceivedhisfirstawardforgrooming.”可知，空格处应填与俱乐部成员有关的信息。故答案选E项。【答案】D【解析】根据上文的“Alongwithridingclosetohome,theclubmemberstakedaytripstoponyclubsinthecountryside.”可知，空格处应填与孩子们骑马训练有关的信息。比较选项可知，D项符合。【答案】G【解析】根据下文的“Butitneedsdonationstosurvive”可知，俱乐部曾经人气爆棚，但是，如今的俱乐部得依靠别人的捐赠维持。故G项符合。第三部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，默罕默德·沙非（MohammadShafi）退休之际，决定把商店里所有库存的鞋捐给救世军，尽自己的微薄之力帮助他人。【答案】A【解析】根据下文的“allofhisshoestotheSalvationArmy”和第三段的“Mohammad’sideaofdonatinghisshoestothe45organizationcamelong”可知，默罕默德·沙非把店里所有鞋捐给救世军（theSalvationArmy）。【答案】B【解析】根据语境可知，默罕默德·沙非在很小的年纪就学会了制作鞋的手艺。skill意为“技术手艺”，符合语境。【答案】D【解析】根据下文的“Butin2005,hedecidedtomoveagain”可知，二十世纪六十年代，默罕默德·沙非搬到加拿大定居。故答案选D项。【答案】C【解析】根据上文的“toCanada”和下文的“Parksville”可知，这次他们搬到温哥华岛的柏克斯维尔（Parksville）。故答案选C项，destination意为“目的地”，符合语境。【答案】A【解析】根据第一段的“theSalvationArmy”和下文的内容可知，默罕默德·沙非把鞋捐给慈善机构，故答案选A项，charitable意为“慈善的”，符合语境。【答案】C【解析】根据上文的内容和下文的“hemade”可知，他把鞋子捐给慈善组织是他和朋友做出的承诺。故答案选C项，promise意为“承诺”，符合语境。【答案】B【解析】根据下文的“theSalvationArmyandaskedMohammadforadviceonhismanagement.”可知，默罕默德·沙非的朋友当时负责管理救世军。故答案选B项，inchargeof意为“负责，管理”，符合语境；insearchof意为“寻找”，inneedof意为“需要”，inmemoryof意为“纪念，庆祝”。【答案】D【解析】根据下文的“in1865.Todayitpartnerswithothercharitiestobring”可知，救世军成立于1865年，迄今已遍布全球132个国家。故答案选D项，founded意为“成立”。【答案】A【解析】根据下文的“peoplewithlowine”可知，如今的救世军和其它慈善机构合作，为低收入的人群带来安慰。故答案选A项。【答案】C【解析】根据下文的“othersoftheirpoverty”可知，救世军的一个关键目标是解除别人的贫困状况。relievesb.ofsth.“解决或缓解某人的问题”。【答案】A【解析】根据上文的“kindactions”和下文的“tothemunity”可知，他们善良的行为给整个社区带来帮助。故答案选A项。【答案】D【解析】根据下文的“atreasonablepricesforourmunity”可知，人们可以买到默罕默德·沙非捐赠救世军的鞋子，价格不贵。available意为“可用的，可得到的”，符合语境。【答案】B【解析】根据下文的“raisingessentialfund”可知，默罕默德·沙非的捐赠有助于他们筹集起始基金来支持当地的食物库。contributeto“有助于，促成”，符合语境。【答案】A【解析】根据下文的“howwecanmakeadifference”可知，默罕默德·沙非的捐赠给人们起了榜样作用：人们如何发挥自己的作用。故答案选A项。【答案】B【解析】根据下文的“thereisnobetterwaytohelpthoseinneed”可知，空格处指的是慷慨的商人，希望他们能慷慨解囊。故答案选B项。第二节【语篇导读】没有和网络，你能生存多久？最近科学家们就有关此项做了一个研究，想看看参与人员如何面对与世隔绝的情况。【答案解析】【答案】with【解析】考查介词。withnomodernequipment意为“没有现代设备”，做定语修饰acave。【答案】called【解析】考查非谓语动词。call是动词，跟逻辑主语aproject的关系是被动关系，故空格处填过去分词。【答案】totally【解析】考查副词。bedisconnectedfrom意为“与……切断连续，脱离”，副词修饰disconnected，betotallydisconnectedfrom意为“完全脱离”。【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。cave是可数名词，故空格处填不定冠词a。【答案】participants【解析】考查名词复数。根据下文的“Theyhadtorelyontheirbodyclock…”可知，空格处填participant的复数形式。【答案】toknow【解析】考查非谓语动词。relyonsth/sb.todo意为“依靠某物/某人做某事”，故空格处填toknow。【答案】longer【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据上文的“awhile”和下文的“inordertofinishprojectstheyhadstarted”可知，空格处填long的比较级。【答案】ability【解析】考查词形转换。根据上文的“humans’”可知，空格处填able的名词形式ability。【答案】that【解析】考查表语从句。根据上文的“is”和下文的“theylosttheirsenseoftime”可知，空格处填that，即由that引导表语从句。【答案】hadwalked【解析】考查时态。根据上文的“saidthat”和下文的“30daysbefore”可知，空格处填过去完成时。第四部分写作第一节DearLinda,I’msorrytohearthatyoudidn’tperformwellintheChineseSpeechpetitionandthatyouarefeelingdiscouraged.Anyhow,asanexchangestudent,youhavetriedyourbest.Astheproverbgoes,failureisthemotherofsuccess.Facingfailure,youshouldn’tfeelsadandloseheart.Onthecontrary,youshouldanalyzethecauseofyourfailure.AsfarasI’mconcerned,you’renotwellpreparedforitandyouneedmoretimetopracticemore.Ifyouwanttopractice,Iamwillingtoworkasatutortohelpyouimproveit.Yours,LiHua第二节Joanhas