虚拟语气学生版

虚拟语气SubjunctiveMoodFunction（1）_________________________________（2）_________________________________Form非真实条件句条件句主句与过去事实相反Ifsb.______________sth.Sb.________________________________________sth.与现在事实相反Ifsb.______________sth.Sb.________________________________________sth.与将来事实相反Ifsb.______________sth.Ifsb.______________sth.Ifsb.______________sth.Sb.________________________________________sth.Sb.________________________________________sth.陈述句/祈使句。注意：条件句中有_____，____或____时，如果省略if，则需把_____，____或____放在主语前，构成倒装结构。e.g.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoit.→WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoit.错综时间条件句当从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所发生的时间不一致时，它们的形式要根据各自所发生的时间作出相应的调整。E.g.Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldpasstheexamthistime．(从句指过去，主句指现在)含蓄虚拟语气有时，假设的情况并不用条件从句表达，而是暗含在上下文中，由without，butfor，otherwise，or等来表达。E.g.Withoutelectricity,lifewouldbequitedifferenttoday．(介词)Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceeded．(介词短语)Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting．(副词)HetelephonedtoinformmeofyourplanorIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit．(连词)从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句A.用于表示建议、愿望、命令等动词后的宾语从句中，Sb+v.+从句。常见的动词有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest，advise，request，urge，mand，remend等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。E.g.Theschoolremendsthatparentsnotpermittheirchildrentoswiminriversorlakesduringsummerholidays.同理：Itisdemanded/required/insisted/suggested...thatsb.(should)do提示：当suggest作“表明”，insist作“坚持认为，坚持说”讲时，从句要用陈述语气。E.g.Theexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewasveryangry.Heinsisted(that)heheardsomeoneinthenextroom.B.wish+宾语（规则如下）对过去情况的假设：wish＋主语＋had＋过去分词对现在情况的假设：wish＋主语＋动词过去式(be动词通常用were)对将来情况的假设：wish＋主语＋would/could/might＋动词原形C.wouldrather/wouldsooner后跟从句时用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为“宁愿；但愿”。对过去的假设：wouldrathersb.haddone对现在、将来的假设：wouldrathersb.didE.g.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhefocusedmoreonitsculture.2.主语从句在“Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/essential＋that从句”中，谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。E.g.Itisimportantthateverymember(should)knowtheserules.固定搭配“Itis(about/high)time＋that从句”中，谓语动词常用过去式或“should＋动词原形(其中should不能省略)”。此句型意为“(现在)该……”，用来表示建议。E.g.Itistimethatyoushouldgo/wenttoschool.2.ifonly引导的感叹句中，用虚拟语气表示愿望。对过去情况的假设：ifonly＋主语＋had＋过去分词对现在情况的假设：ifonly＋主语＋动词过去式(be动词通常用were)对将来情况的假设：ifonly＋主语＋would/could/might＋动词原形E.g.Lookatthetroublewe’rein．Ifonlywehadtakenourteacher’sadvice!3.asif，asthough表示“似乎”，引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中常用虚拟语气与过去事实相反：asif/asthoughsb.haddone与现在事实相反：asif/asthoughsb.did(be动词用were)与将来事实相反：asif/asthoughsbwould/could/mightdo4.forfear(that)、incase意为“唯恐”，从句谓语动词用“should/mightdo”.E.g.Iwillnotmakeanoiseforfearthat/incaseIshould/mightdisturbyou.PS：口语中，谓语动词可以用陈述语气。5.Ifitwerenotfor...,sb./sth.woulddo如果没有……Ifithadnotbeenfor...,sb./sth.wouldhavedone如果当时没有E.g.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavefinishedthetasksoeasily.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavefinishedthetasksoeasily.Butfortherain,thecropsshould/woulddie.=Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropsshould/woulddie.6.表示强烈祝愿，用动词原形。E.g.人民万岁！Longlivethepeople!祝您旅途愉快！Haveagoodjourney!Multiplechoice.1.—Istillhaven’tthankedAuntLucyforherpresent.—It’stimeyou_______.A.do B.did C.had D.would2.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_______agoal.A.hadscored B.scored C.wouldscore D.wouldhavescored3.Ifonlyhe_______quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.lies B.lay C.hadlain D.shouldlie4.—Yoursisternearlydevotedallhersparetimetohercourseduringthethreeyears.—That’sright,orshe_______thefirstplaceinherschoolinthe2020CollegeEntranceExamination.A.wouldn’ttake B.wouldn’thavetakenC.hadn’ttaken D.couldn’ttake5.—I’msorryIspentsomuchmoney,Dad.—Iwishyou_______so.A.hadn’tdone B.didn’tdo C.haven’tdone D.wouldn’tdo6.Itseemsasifthesun_______roundtheearthsinceitrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.A.circles B.iscircling C.werecircling D.hasbeencircling7.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we_______allright.A.wouldbe B.wouldhavebeen C.were D.maybe8.Iwouldhaveeearlier,butI_______thatyouwerewaitingforme.A.didn’tknow B.hadn’tknowC.wouldhaveknown D.haven’tknown9.Iadvisedthathe_______tothehospitalatonce,butheinsistedthathe_______quitewellthen.A.besent;wasfeeling B.wassent;feltC.besent;feel D.shouldbesent;shouldfeel10.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_______twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.give B.shouldgive C.begiven D.wouldbegiven11.IforgetwhereIreadthearticle,orI_______ittoyounow.A.willshow B.wouldshow C.amgoingtoshow D.amshowing

II.Fillingtheblanks.1.IfI________(know)herphonenumber,Iwouldcallherrightaway.2.IwishI________(be)tallersoIcouldreachthetopshelf.3.Thedoctorremendedthathe________(take)aweekofftorest.4.Ifshe________(be)morecareful,shewouldn'thavebrokenthevase.5.It'sessentialthathe________(attend)themeetingtomorrow.6.IfI________(be)you,Iwouldapologizetoher.7.IwishI________(know)howtoplaythepiano.8.Themitteesuggestedthatthenewpolicy________(be)implementedassoonaspossible.9.Ifthey________(arrive)ontime,theywouldhavecaughtthetrain.10.It'scrucialthatshe________(submit)thereportbytheendoftheday.11.IfI________(have)moremoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.12.IwishI________(kn