涿州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练（5）及答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精涿州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练(5）及答案（第篇)GUATEMALACITY（Reuters)—Afishthatlivesinmangroveswamps(红树沼泽)acrosstheAmericascanliveoutofwaterformonthsatatime，similartohowanimalsadapted(适应)tolandmillionsofyearsago,anewstudyshows.TheMangroveRivulus，atypeofsmallkillifish，livesinsmallpoolsofwaterinacertaintypeofemptynutorevenoldbeercansinthemangroveswampsofBelize,theUnitedStatesandBrazil.Whentheirlivingplacedriesup，theyliveonthelandinlogs(圆木）,saidScottTaylor，aresearcherattheBrevardEndangeredLandsPrograminFlorida。Thefish，whosescientificnameisRivulusmarmoratus,cangrowaslargeasthreeinches.Theygrouptogetherinlogsandbreatheairthroughtheirskinuntiltheycanfindwateragain.ThenewscientificdiscoverycameafteratriptoBelize。“Wekickedoveralogandthefishjustcamecrowdingout，”TaylortoldReutersinneighboringGuatemalabytelephone.HesaidhewillmakehisstudyonthefishknowntothepublicinanAmericanmagazineearlynextyear.Inlabtests,Taylorsaidhefoundthefishcanliveupto66daysoutofwaterwithouteating。Someotherfishcanliveoutofwaterforashortperiodoftime.ThewalkingcatfishfoundinSoutheastAsiacanstayonlandforhoursatatime,whilelungfishfoundinAustralia,AfricaandSouthAmericacanliveontofwater，butonlyinaninactivestate。ButnootherknownfishcanbeoutofwateraslongastheMangroveRivulusandremainactive，accordingtoPatriciaWright,abiologistatCanada’sUniversityofFurtherstudiesofthefishmaytellhowanimalschangedovertime.“Theseanimalsliveinconditionssimilartothosethatexistedmillionsofyearsago，whenanimalsbeganmakingthetransition（过渡)fromwaterontoland，”Wrightsaid。［语篇解读]最新发现：有一种鱼，即使离开水也能存活.1．TheMangroveRivulusisatypeoffishthat________。A。likeseatingnutsB.preferslivingindryplacesC。isthelongestlivingfishonearthD。caustayalivefortwomonthsoutofwater[解析］事实细节题。依据在第六段,Taylor说这种鱼离水后能活66天，也就是两个多月。［答案]D2．WhowillwriteupareportonmangroveRivulus？A。PatriciaWright.B.ResearchersinGuatemala.C.ScientistsfromBelize。D.ScottTaylor。［解析]推理判断题。第五段最后一句话告诉我们：明年ScottTaylor将要把对于这种鱼的研究在一份美国杂志上公布于众。[答案]D3．Accordingtothetext,lungfishcan________.A.breathethroughitsskinB。movefreelyondrylandC.remainaliveoutofwaterD。beasactiveonlandasinwater［解析]事实细节题.第七段第二句话告诉我们：lungfish离开水也可以存活.［答案]C4．WhatcanwesayaboutthediscoveryofMangroveRivulus？A.Itwasmadequitebyaccident.B。Itwasbasedonalabtestofsealife.C。ItwassupportedbyanAmericanmagazine。D。ItwashelpedbyPatriciaWright.［解析]推理判断题。第五段Taylor的话告诉我们：发现这种鱼是偶然的.［答案］A＊＊*＊＊*＊***＊＊＊＊**＊*＊**＊****＊**＊**＊＊＊****＊**＊＊*＊****＊结束(2011·广东卷)AIntheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimals.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople。Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycofffee，orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy。Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIwassadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending。Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe'rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem。Lastmonth，whenIwasdrivinghomeonabusyhighway，Ibegantofeelunwellanddrovemoreslowlythanusual.Peoplebehindmebegantogetimpatientandangry，withsomespeedingupalongsideme,horning（按喇叭)orevenshoutingatme.Atthatmoment，IdecidedtodosomethingIhadneverdoneintwenty—fourofdrivingIputontheflashlightsanddroveonatareallylowspeed。Nomoreangryshoutsandnomorehorns!WhenIputonmyflashlights，Iwassayingtotheotherdrivers，“Ihaveaproblemhere，IamweakanddoingthebestIcan，”Andeveryoneunderstood。Severaltimes，Isawdriverswhowantedtopass。Theycouldn’tgetaroundmebecauseofthestreamofpassingtraffic。Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry，theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak。Sometimesweaknesscallforustoactstrongandbraveevenwhenwedon’tthatthosefarbetween。Moreoften，itwouldbebetterifwedon’tpretendtofeelstrongwhenwefeelweakorpretendthatwearebravewhenwe’rescared。26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen_______。A.theyoffertheirhelpB。theyreceiveothers’helpC。theyfeelothers’kindnessD。theyshowtheirweakness27。Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause______。A.hehasasoftheartB。hereliesmuchonothersC。somepeoplepretendtobekindD。somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers28。Whatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlights?A.Theyspeeduptopass.B。Theywaitedwithpatience.C.Theytriedtheirbesttohelp.D。Theyputontheirflashlightstoo.29.Inthispassage,theauthoradvisesusto______。A.handleproblemsbyourselvesB。accepthelpfromothersC。admitourweaknessD。showourbravery30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AWheelchairExperience。B。WeaknessandKindness。C.WeaknessandStrengthD。ADrivingExperience【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。在动物王国弱势会带来被侵略，在人类社会有时也是如此。但作者认为弱势能显现出人们的善良，给人们带来更多的帮助.从而使双方都感到幸福。作者以自己的经历向人们阐述了弱势与善良的关系。26.A考查细节理解。根据Ihavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople。可知我的弱势显现了人们的善良,进而许多人帮助我.又因Ihavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy可知：帮助别人能使他们感到幸福。故选A。27.D考查细节理解。根据sometimesIwassadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily。Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.可知选D.28。B考查细节理解。根据文中WhenIputonmyflashlights，。。。。Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry,theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak.可知选B.29。C考查主旨、要义。根据文章的第一段可知ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople。是文章的中心句，全文作者以自己的亲身经历向人们阐述了：有时承认自己的弱势给人们带来的好处，承认弱势能改善人们之间的关系，使自己得到更多的帮助,让我们看到人性的善良.30。C考查文章的标题。文章的作者第一段就提出了自己的论点myweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.文章通篇以自己的经历向人们阐述弱势与善良的关系。**＊＊＊***＊＊*＊＊*＊＊*********＊****＊*＊＊***＊**＊*＊＊**＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊＊***结束(2010·重庆调研)TodayisSunday。Wehadnotlessons。Afterbreakfast1。________IwantedtodowithmyhomeworkwhenLiLeirangme.2。________Heaskedmetogotothecinemawithhe.Iagreed,but3.________Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.Aboutanhourlater,4.________wewentout.InthewaywesawKate;shewasmending5.________herbike.Shelookedveryworry。“Letushelpyou。"LiLei6。________andIallsaid。“Allright.”Andwestoppedtohelpher。7。________Therewasnothingmuchwrongwiththebike，soitcost8.________usonlyseveralminutestimetofinishit.Katewasvery9.________thankful.Whenwehurriedtothecinema，thefilmhad10.________beenonfortenminutes。Butwefelthappy。答案与解析:1．not→no“没有课”应是havenolessons或don'thaveanylessons。2．去掉withdo是及物动词,直接跟名词作宾语。3．he→him介词后跟代词时要用宾格。4．have→had本文是叙述过去发生的事情。5．In→On“在……途中"是ontheway。6．worry→worried“她看上去很着急”，应该用形容词作表语.7．all→both因为只有我和李蕾两人。8．cost→took“花费时间做什么"要用Ittakessometimetodosomething。9．去掉time有具体的时间名词minutes，无须再用time。10．√＊＊**＊＊＊＊*******＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊**＊**＊＊*结束1.我们居住的地球的环境特点以及很多自然灾害的现象.2。由于人类的破坏，地球变化带来的一些事件.3.一些提倡保护我们居住的环境，提高环保意识的各种环保行为和活动。4。介绍一些环保的产品，及其带来的好处。5.保持环境的自然、进行有效再循环的话题。·链接高考链接1。（2012山东卷）ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace。Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes。Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization,thefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFeamin1798。HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter，awhalingship,HecalledtheislandPleasantHowever，becauseitwasveryremote，NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit，bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland。Aten-yearcivilwarstarted，whichreducedthepopulationfrom1，400to900.Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate（磷酸盐）ontheisland.Infact，itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate，whichisaAphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground；itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip—mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoilThenutakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroysdieland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofIn1968，Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.EveryyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphateUnfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars。Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses。Soonpeoplerealizeddialtheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout。Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately＄433，600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56。 Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A. ToseekhelpforNauru'sproblems。B。 Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C. Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D。 Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar。57. WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame？A.Richandpowerful。 B.Modemandopen。C。Peacefulandattractive。 D。Greedyandaggressive.58。 TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom______ .A.soilpollution B.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivity D。whalehunting59。 WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem？A。 Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B. Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C. Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D. Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar。60。 WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph？A。 Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B. Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.C. TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D. Thephosphateminesweredestroyed。【难度】一般59.【答案】A【试题解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句和最后三句可知，Nauru的领导者对金钱的错误使用致使这个国家陷入了财政困难,故答案选A。＊*