上海高考英语完形填空专项训练

完形填空IntentionsmatterWhenmydaughterwasveryyoung,shebrokemyfavoritecup.Shewasmovingitaside,anditslippedfromherhandandbrokeonthefloor.Ilovedthatcupandwasreallydisappointed,but__1__Ididn’tpunishher.Itwasanaccident.Shedidn’t__2__todropit.Intentionsmatter.Ordothey?Ican’thelpbutfeelthatourmodernworlddoesnot__3__intentions.Weareallsoreadytofindfaultwithanotherpersonandsoconcernedwithourownresponsesthatwedon’tconsiderthe__4__ofothers.Thereare__5__opportunitiestobeupsetthesedaysinthecelebritynewscycle,inpoliticsandinourowninterpersonalinteractions.Everysingleday,someoneistornapartonsocialmediaforsomethingtheyhavesaidordone.Afriendofminesays,“It’snothowthemessageisintended;it’showit’sreceived.”Hemeansthatweneedtobe__6__whenchoosingourwordsbecausetheycaneasilybe__7__bythepersonweareaddressing.Weallattimesexpressourselvespoorly,makeerrorsofjudgmentorhaveamomentof__8__wherewesaythewrongthing.Allofushaveoffendedsomeoneatsomepointinourlives.Theinternetisfullofpeopleseekingtomakethingsworse.__9__therearealsomanydecentpeoplewho__10__getthingswrongorsimplydonotknowbetter.Igetthatthereismuchtobeangryabout.Theworldisfullofinjustice.Theactionsandwordsofotherpeoplecancauseharm;__11__,theactionsandwordsofotherpeoplematter.Butintentionhastomattertoo,forustomakesenseoftheworld,andforustoeffectchange.__12__intentionscanhelpustofeelbetteraboutourfellowhumans.Whenweappreciateintent,itcanhelptolessentheimpactoftheirmessage.Onamorepracticallevel,understandingintentioncanhelpusrespondtopeoplewith__13__insteadofanger.Peoplewhowishtodotherightthingareoftenwillingtolisten.Whenwescreamatpeopleinanger,we__14__communicationandmakethemlessopentochange.Remember,humansare__15__asdividedassocialmediasuggests.Didthepersonthrowthecup,ordiditslipfromtheirhands?Now,morethanever,Ithinktheanswermatters.1．A．ofcourse B．afterall C．aboveall D．forexample2．A．choose B．happen C．mean D．expect3．A．learnfrom B．objectto C．comeacross D．carefor4．A．business B．intentions C．emotions D．relationships5．A．endless B．unique C．golden D．ideal6．A．hopeful B．careful C．cheerful D．helpful7．A．misinterpreted B．reported C．explained D．commented8．A．weakness B．madness C．carelessness D．hopelessness9．A．So B．But C．Or D．And10．A．purposefully B．generally C．hardly D．occasionally11．A．however B．besides C．therefore D．although12．A．Expressing B．Understanding C．Indicating D．Returning13．A．sadness B．kindness C．happiness D．illness14．A．makeuseof B．lookforwardto C．talkabout D．shutdown15．A．rarely B．specially C．suddenly D．simplyThenewsthatDerbyhasapprovedwhatpromisestobeBritain’slargesturbanrewildingprojectsofarisverywelcome.The320-hectareAllestreeParkwill,subjecttodetailedconsultation,begivenovertoarangeofhabitatsandperhapsevenseethereintroductionofspeciessuchasdormiceandredkites.Urbanrewilding-whichisnotthesameasurbangreenspace,howeverextensive-cantakemanyforms.They____16____fromaimingtoslowdowntherateofspecieslossby____17____swift(雨燕)andsparrowboxestonewapartmentconstructions(therearenow247mfewerhousesparrowsthantherewerein1980)todesignatingareasthesizeofAllestreePark.Butinfact,someofthemostsuccessfulprojectshavebeen____18____.CanveyWick,adisusedareaoftheThamesestuary,returnedtoa“self-wildedrainforest”thatisnowhometonearly2,000invertebrate(无脊椎的)species,includingatleastthree____19____thoughttobeextinct.Rivers____20____naturalwildlifecorridors,workingtheirwaythroughcities,thenlinkingthemtocountryside.TheGuardiancolumnistGeorgeMonbiotgivestheexampleoftheRiverWandle,whichinthe19thcenturysupportedupto90factories,andwasdescribedas“thehardestworkedriverforitssizeintheworld.”Nowitteemswith(充满着)wildlife,andthelocalauthoritieshaveconsidered____21____beavers(海狸).Urbanrewilding,____22____,won’tmakeamassivedifferencetoglobalheating,withonly6%orsoofBritainisactuallybuiltonit.Butgivingnaturefreerrein(控制)inpartsoftownsandcitiescouldhelptomitigate(缓解)flooding,andtoslowspeciesloss.Importantly,about83%ofusliveontheportionoftheUK’slandthatisclassedasurbanised,andaccesstonaturehasalsobeenshowntoimprovepsychologicalwell-being.OnerecentCanadianstudyfoundthataddingjust10treestoacityblockhadabigeffectonpeople’s____23____oftheirhealth;researchisbeginningtofindthatincreasingbiodiversitycanheightenthatimpact.Andonamoregeneralscale,thosewho____24____wildnessaremorelikelytofightforit.Thepressurefordevelopmentmeansthattherewillalwaysbetensionwith_____25_____interests:theSwans-combePeninsulainKent,anotherself-wildedareathatishometo1,992speciesofinvertebrates,including250ofconservationconcern,isnow_____26_____fortheLondonResort,includingathemeparkexpectedtodestroy76hectaresofpriorityhabitatwhichformsavitalpartoftheecologicalnetwork.Thislosswouldbe_____27_____losing140footballpitches(球场)_____28_____ofnationallyimportanthabitat.Inthesemid-pandemic,post-Brexit,austerity-bitten(财政紧缩的)times,thefinancialargumentscanbehardestto_____29_____forcouncilsshortofcash,buttheevidencethat“weneednatureasmuchasitneedsus”,inthewordsofJoSmithoftheDerbyshireWildlifeTrust,issurely_____30_____.Withabitofimagination,flexibilityandcommitment,manymoreurbanareascouldfollowDerby’sexample.16．A．differ B．originate C．range D．develop17．A．transporting B．attaching C．leading D．transforming18．A．mature B．established C．reputational D．accidental19．A．specifically B．fundamentally C．previously D．primarily20．A．bringabout B．serveas C．contributeto D．relyon21．A．breeding B．launching C．introducing D．favoring22．A．bycontrast B．forinstance C．initself D．inthemeanwhile23．A．appreciations B．perceptions C．insights D．recovery24．A．encounter B．sustain C．create D．promote25．A．recreational B．political C．industrial D．commercial26．A．qualified B．maintained C．reserved D．cultivated27．A．linkedto B．inseparablefrom C．dismissedas D．equivalentto28．A．value B．profit C．benefit D．worth29．A．approve B．counter C．settle D．consider30．A．fundamental B．essential C．overwhelming D．obviousPeoplewholistentoindiebandsaremiserableshaggy-hairedlayabouts(懒惰的人)whilefansofrapmusicarebraveandfullofself-confidence.____31____merenarrow-mindedopinions,thesearetheresultsofanextensivepsychologicalsurveyofmorethan36,000musiclovers,whichconfirms,onceandforall,thatourmusicaltastesreallydo____32____ourpersonality.Butthestudy’smostremarkablediscoveryisthatloversofclassicalmusicshareahighnumberofpersonalitytraits(特征)withthosewhopreferrockingouttoaheavymetal.Theresearchaskedpeopleworldwidetodescribetheirpersonalityandthentolisttheirfavouritestylesofmusic.Theresultsshowadistinct____33____betweenpeople’spersonalitytraitsandthestyleofmusictheyenjoy.Fansofindiemusic,forinstance,werefoundtohavelowself-respectandlittle____34____butdescribedthemselvesascreative.Rapenthusiasts,____35____,tendtofeelgoodaboutthemselvesandareextremelyoutgoing.Thosewholovedancemusicare____36____outgoingbutaremorelikelytobeunfriendlyandslightlyself-centred.ProfessorAdrianNorth,wholedthestudy,suggestedthattheresultsexplainwhysomanypeoplebondovermusicandalsowhysomeofusarevery____37____aboutthemusicwelistento,sinceitislikelytobecloselylinkedtothepersonweare.AccordingtoProfessorNorth,bothheavymetalandclassicalfansare____38____byashared“loveofthegrandiose”,whichmeansthataMetallicafanisfarmorelikelytolistentoMahlerthananindiekidistogivereggaeatry.“Asidefromtheiragedifference,they’re____39____thesamekindofperson,”hesaid.“Lotsofheavymetalfanswilltellyouthattheyalso_____40_____Wagner,becauseit’sbigandloud.There’salsoasenseoftheatreinbothheavyrockandclassicalmusic,andI_____41_____thatthisiswhatthey’rereallylookingtoexperiencewhentheylisten.”JohnGregson,23,aclassically-trainedmusicianwithapassionforheavymetal,_____42_____.“Asaninstrumentalist,outofallofthemainstylesofmusic,heavymetalandclassicalaretheoneswhichrequirethemost_____43_____toplay---they’retechnicallyverydifficultandinvolveplayingatinhumanlyfastspeeds,”hesaid.“Youfeellikeyou’reinonasecret---you_____44_____itpersonally.Italsofeelslikeyouknowsomethingthatotherpeopledon’tbecauseyou_____45_____astyleofmusicwhichisoftenunderestimated.”31．A．Regardlessof B．Ratherthan C．Asfor D．Apartfrom32．A．affect B．reflect C．limit D．conceal33．A．evolution B．contrast C．improvement D．relationship34．A．misery B．prejudice C．motivation D．ignorance35．A．inresponse B．inaddition C．ontheotherhand D．tosumup36．A．equally B．individually C．scarcely D．occasionally37．A．protective B．worried C．curious D．angry38．A．annoyed B．blinded C．united D．overtaken39．A．questionably B．basically C．respectively D．originally40．A．hate B．meet C．miss D．like41．A．remember B．predict C．forget D．suspect42．A．agrees B．doubts C．persists D．regrets43．A．creativity B．sympathy C．discipline D．assistance44．A．identifywith B．choosefrom C．waitfor D．gazeat45．A．create B．appreciate C．discover D．collectAccordingtoasurveyconductedbyfortheChinaYouthDaily,71.0percentofthe1,538peoplepolledsaidtheywatchedshortvideosona____46____basis.61.8percentbelievedthatlong-termviewingofshortvideoscouldinterferewiththeirnormalsocialinteractions;and65.2percentsuggestedthatvideoplatformsstepupinissuingregular____47____sothatuserscouldtakeabreak.Thisappealforexternalaidstohelp____48____theaddictivehabithintsatthecrushingholdshortvideoshaveontheshiftlessmajority—manyofthemarenotutterly____49____self-controlinothercircumstances.Anotherrecentsurveyofjuvenilesfound65.6percentofthemhavewatchedshortvideos,and20percentofthemjustcouldn’tstopwatching.Forasyouclickonthoseseemingly____50____videos,yourlifewillbethrownintoamindlessspiral(螺旋)asweeagerlymovefromonepiecetothenext,eachlasting20to30seconds,andareshocked,amused,andoutragedinrapid____51____.Youneverhaveachancetoget____52____,foryouarealwayscuriousaboutwhatthenextpiecewouldbelike,____53____more.Allthatisneededisaslighttwitching(抽动)ofoneofyourfingers.

Respondentsdobelievesomevideoscouldbeusefulbyteachingyouhowtocook，howtoapplymake-up,practicewellness,orbuythings.Therewasevenanalleged(声称但未经证实的)telecomfraudsterpublicizinghis____54____anddaringthepolicetocatchhiminDubai,accordingtohim.Itisshockingtorealizethatapublishedvideoitselfwouldhave____55____acquiredadegreeofauthenticityandenoughtopreventallintentionsandtheneedforchecking,even____56____suchbasicfactsasauthorship.Soitisnaturalthat36.7percentoftherespondentsinthesurveycitedtheissueoffalseandmisleadingcontentinshortvideosasanissue,andrelevantauthoritiesshouldhavesteppedinlongagoto____57____it.Yes,juvenile-onlymodeshavebeen____58____forsometime,butitissoeasyforchildrentoavoidthis.____59____,thereisanequalneedforamechanismtopreventadultsfrombecomingaddicted,notablybylimitingthelimetheyareallowedtoviewthevideos.Thus,when37.0percentoftherespondentssaidthat,asfarasviewinghabitsareconcerned,parentsshouldbearolemodeltopreventtheimitationofjuveniles.Maybeallparentsshould____60____theirmobilephonesforamomentofself-reflection.46．A．regular B．personal C．social D．satisfied47．A．signals B．innovation C．alerts D．clues48．A．kick B．develop C．foster D．deprive49．A．with B．under C．through D．without50．A．attractive B．unharmful C．meaningful D．popular51．A．speed B．succession C．transition D．movement52．A．thrilled B．horrified C．bored D．delighted53．A．expecting B．growing C．addicting D．foreseeing54．A．competence B．identification C．enthusiasm D．willingness55．A．automatically B．consciously C．insanely D．likely56．A．ignoring B．predicting C．meditating D．regarding57．A．represent B．address C．interfere D．stress58．A．onschedule B．outoforder C．inplace D．inneed59．A．Infact B．Forexample C．Therefore D．Instead60．A．focuson B．livewithout C．givewayto D．putasideAttheNooriConvenienceStoreLaShandaCalloway,a27-year-oldman,waslyingunconsciousonthefloor,badlywoundedandindesperateneedofhelp,andyetthefivepeoplepresentinthestorewalkedpasthimandcarriedonwiththeirshopping.Thetruthofthematterwasthatthistypeofoccurrencewasn’t____61____,andtheshoppers’motivationsweren’tthatdifficulttounderstand.Weallliketothinkthatwecan____62____whenthesituationrequiresit,ourmoralcodespromptingustoreactinaproperandacceptableway.However,whatreallyhappenswhenwe’re____63____issomethingquitedifferent.Thevastmajorityofpeopledonothing:somethingisholdingthemback.TheLaShandaCallowaycaseisaclassicexampleofthis:it’swhatsocialpsychologistscall‘thebystandereffect’.Studieshaveshownthatthebystandereffectiscausedbyseveraldifferent____64____madebypeopleatthesceneofanemergencyorotherdistressingevent.Firstly,havingotherpeoplearoundisoneofthemaincausesof____65____.Thereasonforthisispeopletendtoassumethatsomeoneelseiseitheralreadyhelpingor____66____toofferaid.Wealso____67____situationsthrough‘socialproof’ortheinformationwegatherfromothers.Ifotherpeoplearenot____68____,perhapsthereisnoemergencyorwrongdoing.Wedon’twanttomakeanembarrassingmistake,sowe____69____anddonothing.Thisresultsin‘pluralisticignorance’(人众无知)whereeveryoneassumesthatothershavemoreknowledge,andpeopleyieldtowhattheyperceiveasthemajorityopinion.____70____ofpersonalriskalsoplaysapart.Ifsomeoneisattackedorindeeptroubleandyouintervene,thereisariskofyoubecominganewtargetfortheaggressoror____71____thefriction.Sohowdopeoplemanagetoreversethetrendandintervene?Whatstimulatesthemintoaction?Andwhatcausesotherpeopletoburytheirheadsinthesand?Studieshaveshownthatactivebystandershavegenerallyhadamoretolerantandempatheticupbringing,whichstimulatesgreater____72____forthewelfareofothers.Forthesepeople,turningablindeyeisn’tanoption;theyfeelcompelledtostepinandgetinvolved.Thatsaid,thebystandereffecttendsto____73____everyaspectofourlives,fromeverydayscenarioslikeseeingbullyingtoourattitudetobiggerchallengessuchasglobalwarming.Perhapsthefirststepis____74____thatweareallbystanders.Beingawareofthecausescouldhelpusovercomethem.Ultimately,it’sinourpowertomakeadifference,fromchangingpeople’sattitudestosavingsomeone’sdignity-ormaybe,asinthecaseofLaShandaCalloway,evensavingsomeone’s____75____.61．A．remarkable B．chaotic C．consistent D．respective62．A．queueup B．stepin C．streamby D．takenotice63．A．broughtintoeffect B．heldaccountable C．shownpityon D．puttothetest64．A．causes B．interventions C．assumptions D．motives65．A．integrity B．inaction C．persistence D．resignation66．A．lesseager B．moresuspicious C．morequalified D．lessrigid67．A．breathlifeinto B．keeppacewith C．attachimportanceto D．makesenseof68．A．insisting B．responding C．evolving D．submitting69．A．clingtotraditions B．bearfruit C．gowiththeflow D．reversethetrend70．A．Component B．Restriction C．Clarification D．Fear71．A．escalating B．eliminating C．facilitating D．tackling72．A．appeal B．fascination C．concern D．perspective73．A．integrate B．influence C．orient D．compensate74．A．imposing B．dismissing C．ignoring D．recognizing75．A．trouble B．face C．life D．moneyTrickyPicturesWithbold,swirlingbrushstrokesandvividcolors,VincentvanGogh’sstirringStarryNightbringstolifeauniquesky.It’soneofthemostfamouspaintingsintheworld.And____76____thesceniccanvas(画布)canmakemuseumvisitorsfeel…starstruck.Butseeingthemasterpieceframedonagallerywallisn’ttheonlywaythatartfanscanexperienceitsemotionalimpact.Infact,someexhibitsgivepeopleachancetobe____77____byvanGogh’scelebratedscene.Theyfindthemselvessurroundedbycolorsthatdancebeforetheireyesandrippleattheirfeet.Theseexhibitions,inwhichmovingimagesare____78____projectedontowalls,columns,floors,andsometimesontoviewersthemselves,areexamplesofimmersiveart.Immersiveartdoesn’t____79____apedestal(基座)orhangonawallnexttoaplaque(匾)printedwithfacts.Anddon’texpectittofitinaframeor____80____familiarexpectations.Whileimmersiveartcanbehardtocharacterize,itisgenerallyamultisensory,____81____experiencethatengagesviewersandmakesthemfeellikepartoftheartwork.Onethingiscertain—immersiveartis____82____popular,sellingoutticketsincitiesaroundtheworld.VanGoghsoldjustonepaintingduringhislifetimeandonlygained____83____afterhisdeath,butnowheisimmersiveart’sbiggestsuperstar.The19th-centurypainter’sworkhasbeendisplayedinalotofexhibitions____84____immenseimagesfurnishedwithanimationandaccompaniedbymusic,voices,andbackgroundsound.AnotherinteractivehotspotwithaDIYvibeisTheHouseofEternalReturninSantaFe,NewMexico.Thevenue(场所)is____85____toover70roomsofsurrealart.It’srunbytheartisticcooperativeMeowWolf,whichdescribestheprojectasa“multidimensionalmysteryhousewithsecretpassagesand____86____tomagicalworlds.”____87____,whatlookslikeaperfectlynormalrefrigeratordooristhegatewaytoahiddentunnel…andanunusualartisticadventure.Thegrowingawarenessofimmersiveartispartly____88____bysocialmedia.AsvisitorspostselfiesfilledwithvanGogh’sintensepaletteorvideosoffriendssteppingintoafantasticalfridge,theseexperiencesdrawbiggerandbiggercrowds.Meanwhile,traditionalartistsarebeginningtofollowthetrend,____89____immersivetechniquesandtechnologiesintheirworks.That’sbecausemanycuratorsandcreatorssharea____90____goal—tohelpmorepeoplegetintoart!76．A．listeningto B．gazingat C．scanningthrough D．hearingabout77．A．enveloped B．marveled C．absorbed D．pursued78．A．electrically B．digitally C．practically D．completely79．A．reston B．frameon C．dependon D．fixon80．A．standout B．figureout C．stickto D．distinguishwith81．A．energetic B．prosperous C．harmonious D．interactive82．A．unexpectedly B．suspiciously C．partially D．undoubtedly83．A．recognition B．wonder C．wealth D．definition84．A．causing B．featuring C．characterizing D．advocating85．A．home B．branch C．location D．trend86．A．limits B．solutions C．links D．talents87．A．Infact B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．Forinstance88．A．powered B．published C．permitted D．pointed89．A．employing B．recognizing C．occupying D．contributing90．A．common B．commercial C．courageous D．Confidential参考答案：1．A2．C3．D4．B5．A6．B7．A8．C9．B10．D11．C12．B13．B14．D15．A【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者的女儿不小心打碎作者心爱的杯子，但是作者并没有因此惩罚她。作者也从中领悟到做某件事的意图很重要，对于任何事情你只要怀着欣赏、赞美的心态，事情就没有那么槽糕。1．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢那个杯子，也很失望，但当然我没有您罚她。A.ofcourse当然；B.afterall毕竟；C.aboveall首先；尤其是；D.forexample例如。根据上文“Ilovedthatcupandwasreallydisappointed(我很喜欢那个杯子，也很失望)”but表示转折，可知作者当然并没有责怪女儿。故选A。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不是故意让杯子掉落的。A.choose选择；B.happen发生；C.mean打算，意欲；D.expect期待。根据上文“Shewasmovingitaside,anditslippedfromherhandandbrokeonthefloor(她把它移到一边，它从她手中滑落，摔在了地板上)”可知，女儿并不是故意的。meantodo故意做某事。故选C。3．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不禁感到，我们的现代世界并不关心人们的意图。A.learnfrom向……学习；B.objectto反对；C.comeacross偶遇；D.carefor关心，照顾。根据后文“Weareallsoreadytofindfaultwithanotherpersonandsoconcernedwithourownresponses(我们都太容易找别人的错，太在意自己的反应)”可知，人们太在意自己，所以并不关心其他人的意图。故选D。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都太容易找别人的错，太在意自己的反应，而不考虑别人的意图。A.business商业；B.intentions意向，意图；C.emotions情绪；D.relationships关系。根据上文“Ican’thelpbutfeelthatourmodernworlddoesnot3intentions(我不禁感到，我们的现代世界并不关心人们的意图)”可知，我们都太容易找别人的错而不考虑别人的意图。故选B。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，在名人新闻圈、政治圈和我们自己的人际交往中，有无数的机会让人心烦意乱。A.endless无止境的，无穷尽的；B.unique独一无二的；C.golden金制的；金色的；D.ideal理想的。根据后句“Everysingleday,someoneistornapartonsocialmediaforsomethingtheyhavesaidordone(每一天，都有人在社交媒体上因为他们说过的话或做过的事而被撕成碎片)”可知，如今，有无数的机会让人心烦意乱。故选A。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的意思是我们在用词时要小心，因为我们的话很容易被和我们说话的人误解。A.hopeful有希望的；B.careful小心的；C.cheerful欢快的，高兴的；D.helpful有帮助的。根据后文“Weallattimesexpressourselvespoorly,makeerrorsofjudgment(我们都有表达不善、判断错误的时候)”和“Allofushaveoffendedsomeoneatsomepointinourlives.(我们所有人都曾在生活中的某个时刻冒犯过某人)”可知，我们在选择用词时要小心。故选B。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的意思是我们在用词时要小心，因为我们的话很容易被和我们说话的人误解。A.misinterpreted曲解，误解；B.reported报道；C.explained解释；D.commented评论。根据上文“Hemeansthatweneedtobe6whenchoosingourwords(他的意思是我们在选择用词时要小心)”可知，我们在选择用词时要小心的原因是因为我们的话很容易被和我们说话的人误解。故选A。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都有表达不善、判断错误或一时大意说错话的时候。A.weakness虚弱，软弱；B.madness疯狂；C.carelessness粗心大意；D.hopelessness绝望，无望。根据本句“wherewesaythewrongthing(说错话的时候)”可知，是我们一时大意说错话。故选C。9．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但也有许多正派的人偶尔会犯错误，或者根本不了解情况。A.So因此；B.But但是；C.Or或者；D.And并且。根据上句“Theinternetisfullofpeopleseekingtomakethingsworse.(互联网上到处都是想让事情变得更糟的人)”以及后文“therearealsomanydecentpeoplewho10getthingswrongorsimplydonotknowbetter(也有许多正派的人……会犯错误，或者只是不知道更好的事情)”可知，互联网上到处都是想让事情变得更糟的人。但是，也有许多正派的人会犯错误。上下句之间是转折关系。故选B。10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但也有许多正派的人偶尔会犯错误，或者根本不了解情况。A.purposefully有目的地；B.generally笼统地，大概；C.hardly几乎不，几乎没有；D.occasionally偶然，偶尔。根据本句“manydecentpeople(许多正派的人)”以及“getthingswrong(会犯错误)”可知，有许多正派的人偶尔会犯错误。故选D。11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他人的行为和言语会造成伤害；因此，其他人的行为和言语很重要。A.however然而；B.besides除……之外；C.therefore因此；D.although尽管。根据上句“Theactionsandwordsofotherpeoplecancauseharm(他人的行为和言语会造成伤害)”以及后句“theactionsandwordsofotherpeoplematter(别人的行为和言语很重要)”可知，因为他人的行为和言语会造成伤害，所以其他人的行为和言语很重要。上下句之间是因果关系。故选C。12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：理解人们的意图可以帮助我们更好地对待我们的人类同胞。A.Expressing表达；B.Understanding理解；C.Indicating表明，要求；D.Returning归还。根据后文“Whenweappreciateintent,itcanhelptolessentheimpactoftheirmessage.(当我们理解意图时，这有助于减轻他们所传达信息的影响)”可知，此处指理解人们的意图的好处，呼应下文“understandingintentioncanhelpus”。故选B。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在更实际的层面上，理解意图可以帮助我们以善意而不是愤怒回应他人。A.sadness悲伤；B.kindness善意；C.happiness快乐；D.illness疾病。根据上文“12intentionscanhelpustofeelbetteraboutourfellowhumans(理解人们的意图可以帮助我们更好地对待我们的人类同胞)”可知，理解意图可以帮助我们以善意而不是愤怒回应他人。故选B。14．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们愤怒地对别人大喊大叫时，我们就切断了交流，让他们更不愿意改变。A.makeuseof利用；B.lookforwardto期盼；C.talkabout谈论；D.shutdown停工，关闭。根据上文“Whenwescreamatpeopleinanger(当我们愤怒地对别人大喊大叫时)”可知，当我们愤怒地对别人大喊大叫时，我们就会让交流停止。故选D。15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：记住，人类很少像社交媒体显示的那样分裂。A.rarely罕见；B.specially专门地，特意；C.suddenly突然地；D.simply仅仅，只。根据上文“Peoplewhowishtodotherightthingareoftenwillingtolisten(希望做正确事情的人往往愿意倾听)”可知，人们还是愿意交流的，可得出人类很少像社交媒体显示的那样分裂。故选A。16．C17．B18．D19．C20．B21．C22．C23．B24．A25．D26．C27．D28．D29．B30．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德比市批准了有望成为英国迄今为止最大的城市野生动物回归项目。16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们包括从通过在新公寓建筑上安装雨燕和麻雀箱(现在比1980年减少了2.47亿只麻雀)来减缓物种的灭绝速度，到划定与阿利斯特利公园大小的区域。A.differ不同于；B.originate起源；C.range（在一定的范围内）变化；D.develop发展。根据下文“fromaimingtoslowdown”可知，此处涉及固定句型rangefrom......to，表示“在一定幅度或范围内变动”，符合句意。故选C项。17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们包括从通过在新公寓建筑上安装雨燕和麻雀箱(现在比1980年减少了2.47亿只麻雀)来减缓物种的灭绝速度，到划定与阿利斯特利公园大小的区域。A.transporting运输；B.attaching装上，贴上，附着；C.leading领导；D.transforming使发生变化。根据下文“swift(雨燕)andsparrowboxestonewapartmentconstructions”可知，空处涉及固定搭配attach......to，表示“将……放在……上”，符合句意。故选B项。18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但事实上，一些最成功的项目都是偶然的。A.mature成熟的；B.established确立已久的；C.reputational声誉的；D.accidental偶然的。根据下文“CanveyWick,adisusedareaoftheThamesestuary,returnedtoa“self-wildedrainforest”thatisnowhometonearly2,000invertebrate(无脊椎的)species”可知，曾被废弃的地区现在变成野生动物聚集地，这一切并不是人为计划的，也就是偶然的（accidental）。故选D项。19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：泰晤士河口的废弃地区坎维维克(CanveyWick)重新变成了“自我野生雨林”，这里现在是近2000种无脊椎动物的家园，包括至少三种以前被认为已经灭绝的物种。A.specifically特意；B.fundamentally根本地，基础地；C.previously先前地；D.primarily主要地。根据下文“thoughttobeextinct”可知，此处指的是以前（previously）被认为已经灭绝的物种，现在在这里生活着。故选C项。20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：河流是野生动物的天然走廊，流经城市，然后连接乡村。A.bringabout引起；B.serveas担任，充当；C.contributeto有利于；D.relyon依靠，依赖。根据下文“naturalwildlifecorridors”可知，野生动物的天然走廊是河流所扮演（serveas）的角色。故选B项。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在这里有很多野生动物，当地政府考虑引进海狸。A.Breeding繁殖；B.launching发射；C.introducing引进；D.favoring赞同。根据上文“Nowitteemswith(充满着)wildlife”可知，这里已经有很多野生动物了，政府还打算引进（introducing）海狸。故选C项。22．考查介词短语辨析。句意：城市野化本身不会对全球变暖产生重大影响，因为英国只有6%左右的土地是在此基础上建成的。A.bycontrast相比之下；B.forinstance例如；C.initself本质上；D.inthemeanwhile同时。根据下文“won’tmakeamassivedifferencetoglobalheating,withonly6%orsoofBritainisactuallybuiltonit.”可知，因为英国只有6%左右的土地是在此基础上建成的，所以城市野化本身（initself）不会对全球变暖产生重大影响。故选C项。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：加拿大最近的一项研究发现，在一个城市街区增加10棵树就会对人们对自己健康的看法产生很大影响；研究开始发现，不断增加的生物多样性可以增强这种影响。A.appreciations欣赏；B.perceptions认知；C.insights洞察力；D.recovery恢复。根据本句的“hadabigeffectonpeople’s8oftheirhealth”可知，此处指的对人们看对健康认知（perceptions）的影响。故选B项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在更普遍的范围内，那些遇到野生动物的人更有可能为之而战。A.encounter偶遇；B.sustain维持；C.create创造；D.promote推动，促进。根据上文“andaccesstonaturehasalsobeenshowntoimprovepsychologicalwell-being.”可知，接触自然可能会对人的心理产生影响，所以这里指的就是偶遇（encounter）野生动物可能会让人甚至愿意为之而战。故选A项。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：发展的压力意味着与商业利益的关系总是紧张的：肯特郡的斯旺斯-库姆半岛是另一个野生地区，是1992种无脊椎动物的家园，包括250种需要保护的动物，现在被保留给伦敦度假村，包括一个主题公园，预计将破坏76公顷的重要栖息地，这是生态网络的重要组成部分。A.recreational娱乐的，消遣的；B.political政治的；C.industrial工业的；D.commercial商业的。根据下文“fortheLondonResort,includingathemeparkexpectedtodestroy76hectaresofpriorityhabitat”可知，发展野生动物保护区和商业（commercial）利益总是会冲突的。故选D项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：发展的压力意味着与商业利益的关系总是紧张的：肯特郡的斯旺斯-库姆半岛是另一个野生地区，是1992种无脊椎动物的家园，包括250种需要保护的动物，现在被保留给伦敦度假村，包括一个主题公园，预计将破坏76公顷的重要栖息地，这是生态网络的重要组成部分。A.qualified使具有资格；B.maintained维持；C.reserved保留；D.cultivated栽培，培育。根据下文“fortheLondonResort,includingathemeparkexpectedtodestroy76hectaresofpriorityhabitat”可知，此处指的是这块野生地区将会保留（reserved）给伦敦度假村，也会造成一定的破坏。故选C项。27．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这相当于失去了140个足球场大小的国家重要栖息地。A.linkedto与……有联系；B.inseparablefrom不可与……分开；C.dismissedas被……无视，被驳回；D.equivalentto相等（当）于……。根据下文“losing140footballpitches”结合上文“expectedtodestroy76hectaresofpriorityhabitat”可知，空处是将两者对比，面积相当（equivalentto）。故选D项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这相当于失去了140个足球场大小的国家重要栖息地。A.value价值；B.profit利润；C.benefit利益；D.worth价值。根据下文“ofnation