重庆市南开中学2023-2024学年高三年级上册开学英语试题

重庆市南开中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学英语试题

学校:姓名：班级:考号：

一、阅读理解

UniqueBirthdaylYaditions

Theeditorsofourinternationaleditionssharetraditionsreservedforcountingyourself

oneyearolder.

Lithuania

“Inmynativecountry,itiscustomaryforthebirthdaypersontositinadecoratedchair

andtobeliftedupbythepartyguests,“sayseditorEvaMackevic."Howmanytimesthe

chairisraisedwillcorrespondwithhisorherage.”

Japan

InJapan,whenachildturnsone,aceremonycallederabitoriisheld,wherethebirthday

childchoosesfromaselectionofitemsspreadoutaroundthatrepresentthepotentialfuture.

Whenapersonturns20,acoming-of-agecelebrationwillbeheldonthesecondMonday

anuary.

TheNetherlands

Whensomeoneturns50,alargedollwillbeplacedinthebirthdayperson'sgardenorby

heirfrontdoor;menhavean“Abraham”doll,womena"Sarah”,basedonaBiblepassage.

Australia

Achild'sfirstbirthdayisoftencelebratedwithballoonsandspeciallymadeufairy

bread^^.SomefamiliesinAustraliaalsomarktheageof21withasouvenir“keytothedoor”,

representingtheyoungadulfsprivilegetocomeandgofromthefamilyhomeastheyplease.

Germany

“InGermany,whenunmarriedmenturnthirty,theyaresupposedtosweepthestairsof

thelocalchurchortownhall,“editorMichaelKallingersays,“whilewomenhavetodeal

withthedoorhandle.^^Thispublicactismeanttoembarrassthepersonandmotivatethemto

maiTy.

1.Whichispartofaone-year-oldboy'sbirthdaycelebrationinJapan?

A.Predictingtheboy'sfuture.B.Decidingtheboy'scareer.

C.Seekingitemsatthebirthdayparty.D.Holdingacoming-of-ageceremony.

2.Whatdoesthe“keytothedoof,symbolize-inAustralia?

A.Lovefromparents.B.Timetomoveout.

C.Endofthe21stbirthday.D.Recognitionofindependence.

3.Inwhichcountrycouldabirthdaytraditioninvolvecleaninginpublicplaces?

A.Germany.B.Australia.

C.Lithuania.D.TheNetherlands.

Formostoftheyear,EmbletonBayisalmostdeserted,amagicalcurveofsandonedge

oftheworld.ThisiswherethepupilsofEmbletonPrimarySchool,abeachschool,avery

Fridaytolearn.

NicolaThrelfall,headteacheroftheschool,saysthatteachersemployarangeteaching

methodstorealizeteachingobjectives,frommoretraditionalwrittenworktoteachpathsin

thesandwithsticks,coveringdiversetopics.

Sometimestheenvironmentitselfworkswonder.Nicolaexplainstherearehugebenefits

togivingchildrentheopportunitytojust"be”.Watchingthewaves,lyingonthesandfeeling

thewindandsunontheirfaces,orrollingdownsanddunesareallanessentialpartofthe

beach-schoolexperience,enablingchildren,toexplore,testtheirownlimitsandunderstand

theirplaceintheirenvironment.

Onlineresourcesareprovided,too,intermsofengagingchildrenandfosteringan

interestinbeaches.Duringlockdown,thestudentsenjoyedavirtualonlinelecturewiththe

RockPoolProject,asocialgroupthatencouragespeopleofallagestodiscovermarinelife.

Duringthewintermonths,sandblowsinripplesacrossthebeachunderthebitingnorth

winds.Howdothechildrencopewiththedifficultweather?Nicolasaystheyliketogetthe

kidsoutonthebeachinallweather.Ifit'sraining,theyheadtothebirdhide;whenit'scold,

thekidswarmupbydoingmorephysicalactivities.Onwarmerdays,theysitonpicnictables

outsidetoenjoytheirlunch.

Thebeachiswithinwalkingdistanceoftheschoolgatesbuttheonekilometredownthe

hill-andanotheronebackupstillproveschallengingforlittlelegs.Nicolaconfirmsthat

noticeableimprovementinthechildren'senduranceandfitnesslevelisoneofthemain

advantages.

EmbletonPrimarySchoolisdemonstratinghowsuccessfuloutdoorlearningcanbe.Can

moreschoolmodifyThecurriculumtoincluderegulartimeoutsidefortheirstudents?

4.Howdoestheschoolcarryoutoutdoorlearning?

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A.Bygivinglecturesregularly.

B.Byintegratingdiverseapproaches.

C.Byinspiringstudentstowritemore.

D.Bycenteringonenvironmentalissues.

5.Whatdoteachersdointoughwinterdays?

A.Shortenbeachhours.B.Adjuststudentactivities.

C.Postponeoutdoorevents.D.Changeteachingobjectives.

6.Howdoestheauthorfindthebeachlessons?

A.Fully-researched.B.Widely-provided.

C.Confidence-boosting.D.Character-building.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.StartfromBeachB.LivewithSealife

C.EnjoyBeachActivitiesD.ReformFutureEducation

ArecentNewYorkTimesopinionpiecebyDanielWillinghamaddressedthequestionof

whetherlisteningtoabookisthesameasreadingit.Willinghambeginsthepiecewitha

frequentlyaskedquestion—IsitcheatingifIlistentoanaudiobookformybookclub?

Willinghamarguesthatthey'rebothworthwhilebutiscarefultonotethatdoesn'tmean

theyhavethesamevalue.Inlinewithhispointsinthearticle,IlistentoaudiobookswhenI

wouldn'totherwisebeengagedinabook—say,atthegymorwhilewalking.That'scertainly

anadvantageoflisteningoverreading.ButIwassurprisedtofindthatWillinghamdidn't

mentionwhatIconsidertobethebiggestdifferencebetweenthetwo:Engagement.

Thecriticaldifference,forme,betweenreadingandlisteningisthatreadingis

somethingyoudo,whilelisteningissomethingthathappenstoyou.Readingisanactof

engagement.Thewordsonthepagearen'tgoingtoreadthemselves,whichissomethingthey

literallydoinanaudiobook.Ifyou'renotactivelytakinginwritteninformation,thenyou're

notgoingtomakeprogressonthebook.Audiobooks,ontheotherhand,makeprogresswith

orwithoutyourparticipation.

Willinghamreferstothispointbysayingthatharderbooks—"difficulttexts“ashecalls

them——requiremoreengagement,whichisthusbettersuitedtoreading.Yetit'snot

necessarilytrue.Forexample,I'verecentlybeenlisteningtoDavidGraeber5sexcellentDebt:

TheFirst5000Years,atoughreadwithlotsofinformationandarguments.WhileIhaven't

graspedeverypieceofinformationthathe'spresented,Ihavespentalotmoretimethinking

aboutanimportanttopicthanIotherwisewould.Thisfill-in-lhe-cracksnatureofaudiobooks

isacriticaladvantage.

Ultimately,it'sfairtoconsideraudiobooksandwrittentextsasfundamentallydifferent

media.Theyaredifferentfonnsbasedonthesamework.Youroptiondependsonwhatyou

arewillingtogivetoit(time,aboveall)andwhatyouhopetogetoutofit.

8.WhatisanadvantageofaudiobooksaccordingtoWillingham?

A.Cuttingdownone'sreadingtime.B.Increasingabsorptionofknowledge.

C.Providingmoreflexibleaccesstoinformation.D.Encouragingfurtherthinkingon

serioustopics.

9.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofreading?

A.Ithelpsthegeneralideatostandout.B.Itsuitspeopleworkingondifficulttexts.

C.Itspeedsupreaders5progressonthebook.D.Itrequiresmoreparticipationfrom

readers.

10.WhydoesthewritermentionDebt:TheFirst5000Years?

A.Todemonstratewhatmakesatoughread.B.Toshowwhyaudiobooksattract

listeners.

C.Toproveaudiobooksalsosuithardtexts.D.Tostressreadingcanalsotakehuge

effort.

11.Whatcanwelearnabouttextsandaudiobooksfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theyinvolvesimilarefforts.B.Theyproveequallydemanding.

C.Theyhavedistinctusergroups.D.Theyservedifferentpurposes.

Insomespecies,whentheconditionsgettough,thebodyhitsthebrakes,loweringbody

temperature,slowingthespeedofconsumingenergytoasnaiPspaceandenteringastate

knownastorpor.Humansdonotentertorpor,buttheconditionmightofferbenefitsacross

situationsasseeminglyunrelatedasintensivecareunit(ICU)staysandlong-distancespace

travel.

Usingultrasound(超声)wavestargetedatadeepregionofthebrain,researchersat

WashingtonUniversitycreatedatorpor-likestateinmice.Micecannaturallyenterthisstate,

sothescientistsalsotestedthetechniqueinrats,animalswhichdon'tentertorporbynature.

Thefindings,publishedonMay25thinNatureMetabolism,couldpotentiallyinformresearch

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ontargetingdifferentbrainareaswithultrasoundtoregulateotherbodilyactivities.

Withouthavingtophysicallyinvadethetargets'heads,theapproachisanimportantstep

inadvancingtorportowardhumanuse,saysMichaelAmbler,aresearcherand,lecturer

studyingtorporattheUniversityofBristolinEngland.Someearliereffortsreliedoninjecting

ageneintothetargeted-brain-region-to-assist-in-producingatorpor-likestatewithlightor

drugs.Suchinvasiveapproachesareunlikelytogainapprovalforhumanuse,Amblersays,

makingthenewstudy“anextremelyinterestingpieceofwork.,,

Ifthisnoninvasiveapproachweretobecomepossibleinhumans,onepotentialuse

wouldbetobuyheartattackpatientstimeintransporttothehospital.IntheICU,torpor

couldalsobeappliedbeforedrugsandmonitoringareinvolvedinpatientcare.Thisstudy

evenpresentsaveryfirststeptowardthepotentialtosupporthuman'slonglonelyjourneysin

space.

Yetbeforethatpossibilitytakesflightinthefuture,researchonafamiliarspeciesmust

comefirst.Amblersaysthenextstepshouldbetestinginlarger,nonhumananimals,probably

pigs."Theyaremostlikehumans—hairlessandsimilartohumansintermsofbody

temperature,hesays."It'sastep-by-stepprocess,frommicetoratstopigstomonkeysand

then,hopefully,eventuallytohumans”—andthen,perhaps,beyondtheboundsofplanet

Earth.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torpor“inparagraph1mean?

A.Havingmuchenergy.B.Beingnotactive.

C.Requiringlittlesleep.D.Decreasinginsize.

13.Howistheultrasoundapproachdifferentfromearlierones?

A.Itavoidscuttingintothebody.

B.Ittargetsdirectlyatthebrain.

C.Itproveseffectiveforhumanuse.

D.Itgoestogetherwithlightordrugs.

14.Whatisapossibleapplicationoftheresearch?

A.MonitoringICUpatients.

B.Curingheartattackvictims.

C.Stabilizingbodytemperature.

D.Supportinglongspacetravels.

15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Promotionofthetechnique.

B.Significanceofthefindings.

C.Focusofthefollow-upresearch.

D.Reviewoftheexperimentprocess.

二、七选五

Mosquitoesaredrawntoallpeople,butsomepeopleseemtobetheunluckyoneswho

aremoretemptingtomosquitoes.Expertshaveidentifiedtwomaincategoriesoffactorsthat

makeonemoreattractivetomosquitoes:biologicalaspectsandbehaviors.

Chiefamongthefirstgroupoffactorsishowyousmell.Dozensofdiversemolecules

（分子）throughoutourbodycometogethertocreateouruniquesmell.Ifsacombinationofa

dozensmells.16It'salsopossiblethatsomepeopleproducemoreofthesmellthat

mosquitoeslike.

Bloodtypemayalsomatter.MosquitoesseemtobeinterestedinpeoplewithType0

blood,forreasonsresearchershaven'tconfirmed.17Mosquitoesseekoutcarbon

dioxide.Themorewebreathe,themorecarbondioxidewesendintotheair,invitingbugsour

way.

Thentherearethefactorsthataremoredependentonhowyouactthroughouttheday.I

youaretodoahardworkoutoutside,youmightbreathemoreheavilyandproducemore

carbondioxide,whichmightattractmosquitoes.18Ifitmixeswithbacteriaonyour

skinorcontainsalcoholfromyourbeach-sidebeers,youhaveamuchhigherchancetobe

bitten.

19Thereareafewevidence-basedstrategiestokeepthematbay.Certain

clothingcolorslikeblackanddarkbluecanactlikeamosquitomagnet.Mosquitoesarealso

drawntobrightorangesandreds.Therefore,trytosticktolightercolorsandwearlong

sleevesandpants.Or,youcantryasimpletrickgrabafanandpointitunderatable,

sincemosquitoeslovetostaynearthegroundandbiteourfeet.20

A.Afterall,they'renotgoodfliers.

B.Howcanwedriveoffthemosquitoes?

C.Therefore,trytoreduceexerciseonahotday.

D.Docolorsmatterinthishide-and-seekgame?

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E.Thepatternofhowyoubreathealsoplaysarole.

F.Sweatsendsapowerfulsignaltomosquitoestoo.

G.Thismixofchemicalsislikelytodrawmosquitoes.

三、完形填空

Ouroversized,maleGoldenRetriever（金毛寻回犬），Rustyweighedmuchmorethan

mostGoldens.Thoughbig,hewas21.WhenKaren,my18-month-olddaughter,held

acookieouttohim,he'dtakeitgently.Wherevershewent,Rustywould22her.If

wegrown-upsheldoutfoodforhim,23,heateitlikeahungrywolf.

Oneday,Iwasoccupiedwithchoresallthemorninginthekitchen.WhenIlookedout

thewindow,myheart24!Ourbackyardhadtwolevels,withstonestepsleading

fromthelowerleveltothelargeropenareaabove.Atthehighestpointofthestepswasa

25of1.5meterstothelowerlevel.Thenandthere,IsawKarenontheupperlevel

walkingalongtheedge!

Though26,Ididn'tshoutforfearoffrighteningherintolosing27and

fallingtothegroundbelow.ThenInoticedRustybesideher,movingto28theway.

Nottobestopped,Karenwalkedtoanopenspot.Justasquickly,Rustymovedhimselfin

frontagain,29her.

Thatrepeatedacoupleoftimes.Finally,shegot30andmovedbacktothe

center.Sighingwith31,Iranupimmediately."Comeon,Karen,“Isaid,"Let'sgo

insideandgeta32

Sheclappedherhandsandgrabbedmine,makingherwaydownslowly.Rustystayedby

herside,movingatherpace.Whenwegottothedoor,she33myhandand

crawledthroughthedoggydoor.Rustyfollowed.Thiswashowtheygotoutsidewiththedoor

34.BythetimeIgottothekitchen,Karenandherfour-leggednannywerewaitingfor

the35cookie.

IneverwoniedaboutKarenplayingoutsideafterthat.

21.A.weakB.lovingC-restlessD.tolerant

22.A.countonB.takeafterC.watchoverD.turnto

23.A.moreoverB.indeedC.thusD.however

24.A.diedB.achedC.meltedD.sank

25.A.dropB.climbC.widthD.length

26.A.oveijoyedB.embarrassedC.ashamedD.panicked

27.A.temperB.balanceC.heartD.interest

28.A.blockB.guideC.findD.push

29.A.pleasingB.rescuingC.guardingD.encouraging

30.A.anxiousB.excitedC-frustratedD.confident

31.A.sorrowB.reliefC.satisfactionD.desperation

32.A.restB.walkC.cookieD.prize

33.A.loosenedB.squeezedC.tookD.rubbed

34.A.unlockedB.brokenC.openD.shut

35.A.promisedB.selectedC.hand-madeD.newly-bought

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Woodblockprintingisanancientprintingtechniquethatboostedhumancivilization.As

BuddhismgainedpopularityinChinaduringtheTangDynasty,astrongneed36

(arise)toproducenumerousBuddhistscriptures(经书)，andcopyingbyhandcouldnotmeet

37risingdemand.AncientChinesecraftsmenthusinventedwoodblockprintingformass

production,38(mark)amajorturningpointinprintinghistory.

Therearefourstepsinvolvedin39(tradition)woodblockprinting,witheach

stepsub-dividedintoseveralprocedures.40liesatthecenterofthetechniqueis

carving.Charactersandimages41(carve)toproduceraisedareasorlinesthatwill

eventuallyapplyinktopaper.

Afive-meterscrolloftheBuddhistscriptureDiamondSutra,42(make)in868,

isthe“earliestdatedprintedbook“inthewordsoftheBritishLibrary43itisstored.

Itisjustoneexampleofancientworksofartthatnotonlytellthewisdomofourancestors,

butalsodemonstratethe44(pursue)ofbeautybyChinesecraftsmenthroughout

centuries.

Theinventionofwritinggavelife45greatthoughts,butitistheinventionof

printingthatmadeknowledgeashareablefruitforallhumankind.

试卷第8页，共10页

五、建议信

46.假定你是李华，你的外国留学生朋友James想在中国进行社会实践，现有如下两种

选择：博物馆讲解员或乡村中学志愿者。James来信向你寻求建议，请你给他回信，内

容包括：

1.建议其中一项活动；

2.说明至少两点理由。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearJames,

Howiseverythinggoing?

Bestregards,

LiHua

六、读后续写

47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Ihadalovely,oddauntnamedAmelia.Shealwayswarecolorfulclothingandhad