高三英语二轮复习阅读理解专题+细节理解+课件

阅读理解专题

细节理解题型/年份2021新高考I卷2022新高考I卷2023新高考I卷细节理解766推理判断477词义猜测111主旨大意211观点态度1002021~2023真题题型命题趋势分析：从近几年高考英语阅读理解题型来看，事实细节题目增多，其难度也稍有加大。其表现有：题目设置顺序与全文行文不尽一致；题目信息与原文信息表达方式不完全相同；答案获取需跨段落搜集等。从考查侧重点分析看，考题重点由原来的考查语言知识点，如介词搭配、冠词选择及固定句型运用等转向考查学生的语言实际运用能力和语篇运用能力。细节理解题相对简单，占阅读题量的60%左右，考生只需要认真阅读题目，细心比对原文就能正确解答，对于这种题目，要认真解题，确保一分不丢。高频考点：1.直接细节题；2.综合细节题；低频考点：1.数字计算题；2.细节排序题；3.正误判断题。解题方法：1.直接细节题，采用

“原文定位”及“原词复现”方式解答；2.题干或选项中未出现原文直接信息时，利用“同义转换、英英互译”的方式寻找正确答案；3.在查找同义信息时，不能只找相似的对应词汇而忽略整体语篇环境。命题方式直接细节题常见设问方式：1．Whatwillyou/thestudentsdo...?2．When/Wherecanyou...?3．Whowill...?综合细节题常见设问方式：1．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes...?2．Howdoesthewriterrecommend...toreaders?3．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Howmany...?解题步骤抓住文中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键。一般采用寻读法，解题分为三步：1．先读题干，抓住关键词；2．带着问题快速阅读原文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子；3．仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。感悟真题【例1】(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)GroupSizeWerequireonechaperone(监护人)pertenchildren.Failuretoprovideenoughchaperoneswillresultinanextrachargeof$50perabsentadult.GroupPlayisforgroupsof10ormorewithalimitof35people.Forgroupsof35ormore,pleasecalltodiscussoptions.22．Howmanychaperonesareneededforagroupof30childrentovisittheMuseum?A．One.

B．Two.C．Three. D．Four.解析：数字计算题。根据题干可定位到原文“Werequireonechaperonepertenchildren.”可知，每10个孩子需要1个监护人，那么30个孩子则需要3个监护人。所以选C【例2】(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.23．Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A．Youwillreceiveazero. B．Youwilllosealettergrade.C．Youwillbegivenatest. D．Youwillhavetorewriteit.解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词submit和theduedate可定位到原文关键句“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.”，比对选项和信息句可知，如果你在截止日期过后一周才上交，你的成绩将会是零分，所以答案是A。【例3】(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.24．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A．Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B．Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C．Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D．Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“thearugulastory”可定位到信息句“Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad...IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.”；由信息句可知，更糟糕的是，作者不假思索地买了太多东西，而又没有完全用掉，所以无意中浪费了食物。unintentionally与文中的unthinkingly为同义转述。所以选B【例4】(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)

AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.

WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled，therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.21．Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?A．Call131617.

B．Visit.au.C．Askatthelocalstation.

D．Checkthetrainschedule.解析：第一步找关键词：ticketinformation·第二步定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticketinformation，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.”。·第三步比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。【例5】（2023全国甲卷）

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith£5inpocketmoney.Shesays:“I’msureIwasn’tmuchofahelptostartwithpaintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.”25.WhydidTerri’sgrandfathergiveher£5aday?A.Forabirthdaygift.B.Asatreatforherwork.C.TosupportherDIYprojects.D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.解析：根据关键词“grandfather”和“£5”，回归到原文“Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith£5inpocketmoney.”A.Forabirthdaygift.无中生有；C.TosupportherDIYprojects.部分提及DIYprojects，但是和题目所问风马牛不相及；D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.半真半假，鼓励为真，培养爱好未提及；B.Asatreatforherwork.中work在找到句子同词复现，treat是rewarded的同义复现。答案选B。模拟训练（2023秋·辽宁沈阳·高三校联考期末）Theworldhasseenmanyinventions.Whilemostpeopleareproudofthoseassociatewiththeirnames,therearethingsmakinginventorsfeeltheotherway.Thepop-up(弹出)advert,byEthanZuckermanPop-upadsareconvenientforthosewhoareinterested,butmostpeoplegetannoyedwhentheyareoncomputers.Theymaycontaincomputerviruses.Justaswewouldblametheinventor,themanhumblyacceptedhisinventionisn’toneofthebest.Inhisessay,Zuckermanwroteaboutthemosthatefulthing,“Iwrotethecodetolaunchthewindowandrunanadinit.”Theemoticon,byScottE.FahlmanEmoticonsbegantooccupyscreenscrazilyin2011andgainedgreatpopularity,especiallywithyoungmen.IthadbeenfouryearssinceFahlmanfirstuseda“smileyface”inacomputermessage.Hecreatedtheemoticonasajokemarker.Butthingsaredifferent.“IthasgonetoplacesIdon’tapproveof,”hecomplainedtoTheWallStreetJournalin2013.“Itshouldn’thavebeencreated.”Theofficecubicle(隔间),byBobPropstIn1968,BobPropstcameupwiththeideaofficecubicles,somethingthat“wouldbuildafuturisticandtidyofficestylewithnorealwallsordoorsandprovideamorecomfortableenvironment”.Butthemanhascometohatewhathehasinvented,asPropstrecalledtoFortuneatage80,“They’vechangedandjustbecomecubicles”.TheK-Cup,byJohnSylvanItseemseveryonehasaKeurigcoffeemakerforK-Cups.JohnSylvaninventedtheK-Cup,aimedatfacilitatingofficelifeofwhite-collarworkers.Nowit’scommoninhousesandcompanies.However,thesingle-serveplasticcoffeecupsaren’teco-friendly.“IfeelbadsometimesthatIeverdidit”,Sylvanadmits.But!GoodnewsforMr.Sylvan:KeuringnowoffersvarietiesofrecyclableK-Cups.1.Whenwastheemoticoninvented?A.In2007.B.In2009.C.In2011.D.In2013.2.Whichonewascreatedforofficeworkers’convenience?A.Thepop-upadvert.B.Theemoticon.C.Theofficecubicle.D.TheK-Cup.3.Whatdotheaboveinventionshaveincommon?A.Theybenefithumanlifegreatly.B.Theircreatorsareblamedbythepublic.C.Theirinventorsfeelregretful.D.Theyareverypopularwithyoungpeople.参考答案：1.A2.D3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了几种让人反感的发明。1.细节理解题。由文章第三段“Emoticonsbegantooccupyscreenscrazilyin2011andgainedgreatpopularity,especiallywithyoungmen.Ithadbeenfouryearssi