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17四月2024国际贸易法Chapter23ITLContractLawsContents3.1BriefIntroduction
3.2Seller’sObligation
3.3Buyer’sObligation
4/17/20242Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.1BriefIntroduction1.PrincipleofExecutinganInternationalContractofGoods
2.TypesoftheParties’obligations4/17/20243Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract1.PrinciplesofExecutingStrictconformingtothecontractprinciple[1]
Theprincipleofgoodfaith[2].theseprinciplesmaynotbestipulatedexpressedly,butthejudgeinchargewillapplysuchprincipleswhentherearenodirectrules.
[1]
严格履行原则[2]
诚实信用原则4/17/20244Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract2.TypesoftheParties’obligationscontractedobligation[1]
legalobligation[2]
[1]
合同义务[2]
法定义务4/17/20245Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
1.DeliverGoods2.TheTurningOverofDocuments
3.QualityGuarantee
4.Inspection
5.GuaranteefortheGoodsisFree
4/17/20246Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
1.DeliverGoods(1)Placefordelivery
(2)Timefordelivery
specificgoods[1],orunidentifiedgoods[2]
[1]特定物Specificthing:Special,cannotbereplacedbyothergoods.Specify特定化:Makingacertaingoodsisunderacontract.Forexample,markingbuyer’snameongoods.
[2]种类物Unidentifiedthing:Goodsthathascommoncharactersandisdecidedbyitsvariety品种,规格specification,quality质量orcapacity度量.4/17/20247Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
2.TurnOverofDocuments
PLStellustheDOCsyouknow.Whatshouldthesellerwhenturningoverthedocuments?4/17/20248Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
2.TurnOverofDocuments
Case:AChineseCo.importedsomewoolfromAustrilia.AftertheestablishmentofL/C,thebuyeraskedthesellertomakedeliveryontime.Buttheselleraskedthebuyertoturnoveracertificateoforiginfirstsothattheycouldexecutethewholecontract,orthesellerwillhavetocancelthecontractandclaimforcompensation.Q:Whatisyourreplyifyouarealegaladviseroftheseller?
4/17/20249Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
(1)Civillawsystem’srules
(2)Anglo-AmericanLawsystem
(3)CISG
(4)ChineseContractLaw
4/17/202410Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
Whatisqualityguarantee?4/17/202411Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
(1)Civillawsystem’srules
(2)Anglo-AmericanLawsystem
(3)CISG
(4)ChineseContractLaw
4/17/202412Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
(1)Civillawsystem’srules
TheGermanCivilCoderulesthatthesellermustguaranteethatthegoodshesellsisofnodefectsthatwilldecreasethevalueofinfluencetheusageofthegoods.
4/17/202413Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
(2)Anglo-AmericanLawsystem
SalesofGoodsAct1973
UCC
impliedWarrantyvs.ExpressWarranties
4/17/202414Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
(3)CISG
(A):requiredbythecontract.(B):particularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedlymadeknowntotheselleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethecircumstancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonableforhimtorely,ontheseller'sskillandjudgment;(C)sampleormodel;(D)ordinaryuse;(E)usualpacking4/17/202415Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
3.QualityGuarantee
(4)ChineseContractLawarticle62Ifqualityrequirementwasnotclearlyprescribed,performanceshallbeinaccordancewiththestatestandardorindustrystandard;absentanystateorindustrystandard,performanceshallbeinaccordancewiththecustomarystandardoranyparticularstandardconsistentwiththepurposeofthecontract
Isitofnoproblem?
4/17/202416Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCaseAChinesecompanyexportedaparcelofconnelstoGermany.Theimportertoldtheexporterthattheconnelsimportedwastobeusedtomakeicecream.WhenthegoodsarrivedinHamburg,theimporterclaimforcompensationastheconnelwasnotfitforicecream.Q:Whatshouldtheexporterdo?
4/17/202417Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
4.Inspection
Whatisinspection?Whyweneedinspectioninforeigntrade?4/17/202418Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
4.Inspection
(1)TimeRequirments:(A)practicableshortperiod.(B)Ifinvolvescarriageofthegoods,afterthegoodshavearrivedattheirdestination.(C)Ifredirectedintransitorredispatchedbythebuyerwithoutareasonableopportunityforexaminationbyhimandatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthesellerkneworoughttohaveknownofthepossibilityofsuchredirectionorredispatch,afterthegoodshavearrivedatthenewdestination.
4/17/202419Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
4.Inspection
(2)Claim:Inanyevent,thebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoesnotgivethesellernoticethereofatthelatestwithinaperiodoftwoyearsfromthedateonwhichthegoodswereactuallyhandedovertothebuyer,unlessthistime-limitisinconsistentwithacontractualperiodofguarantee.
4/17/202420Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
4.Inspection
(3)ExceptionThesellerisnotentitledtorelyontheprovisionsofarticles38and39ofCISGifthelackofconformityrelatestofactsofwhichhekneworcouldnothavebeenunawareandwhichhedidnotdisclosetothebuyer.[1]
[1]买方知道或应当知道货物存在缺陷而不提出,不适用38、39条。4/17/202421Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase1Theapplicantandtherespondent[1]signedapurchasecontract.Afterreceivingthefirstlotofthegoodsunderthecontract,theapplicantfoundthatthegoodsagglomerated[2].SoheaskedforcompensationthenextdayandarrangedinspectionbySGS.Therespondentrefusedtocompensateandclaimedthatagglomerationisnormal.TheinspectionreportfromSGSshowedthatthecontainerwasinperfectconditionandmostofthegoodswereagglomerated.Andthesamethinghappenedtothesecondlot.Theapplicantaskedtherespondenttopayfortheregrainningcostandrepackingcost.Q:Shouldtherespondentberesponsible?[1]被申请人[2]结块4/17/202422Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase2AninlandfactoryauthorizedatradingcompanyinTianjintobuyanewmachine.TheTjianjinCompanyconcludedandtransactionandthestipulatedperiodforclaimwas45daysafterarrivingthedestinationport.AfterthegoodsarrivedatTianjinport,theTianjincompanysentittotheinlandfactory.Asthefactorywasbusyinbuidingthenewproductionplant.Soafter6months,thefactoryopenthepackingofthemachineandfoundthatitwasnotnew.Q:canthecompanyaskforcompensation?4/17/202423Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase31990.9.3,theapplicantsignedacontractwiththerespondent.Andthecontractread:(1)therespondantsells280metrictonsofearthnutatUSD730permetricton,FOBSTHuangbu,Guangzhou.ThetotalvalueisUSD208050.(2)shipment:Before1990.9(3)L/C(4)Inspection:ChinaInspectionBureaubeforeshipment,andthebuyerhavetherighttore-inspectbyentrustingSGS.Claimwithin45daysafterarrivingthedestinationport.Theshipmentwasmadeaccordingtothecontract.4/17/202424Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractTheS.S.arrivedattheU.SonNov.4,1990.ThegoodswereputtingintothewarehouseinBirminghamduringNov.19to26,1990.AndtheapplicantarrangedinspectionbySGS.Theinspectionreportshowedthatthegoodsdeliveredwerenotinconformitywiththecontract.theapplicantclaimforcompensationagainsttherespondentbutwithnoresult.SotheapplicantsummittedthecasetoarbitrationonApril19,1991.Q:Cantheapplicanthavethecompensation?4/17/202425Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
5.GuaranteefortheGoodsisFree
Whatistheguaranteeforthegoodsisfree?4/17/202426Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
5.GuaranteefortheGoodsisFree
Whatistheguaranteeforthegoodsisfree?4/17/202427Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.2Seller’sObligation
5.GuaranteefortheGoodsisFree
CISG:thesellermustdelivergoods,whicharefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdparty,unlessthebuyeragreedtotakethegoodssubjecttothatrightorclaim.4/17/202428Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase1OneChinesecompanysold300metrictonsofquininetoArgentina.OncethegoodsarrivedattheportofArgentina,thecustomconfiscatedthegoodsforitcontainedsalicylicacid.BoththesellerandthebuyerdidnotknowthattheSalicylicacidwasbanedtobesoldinArgentina.Q:Whoshouldtaketheresponsibility?4/17/202429Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase2In1990,oneChinesecompaysoldsomemachinestoaFrenchcompanyandtheFrenchcompanyresoldthemtosomeotherEuropeancountries.WhenthegoodsweresoldinGerman,aGermancompanysuedtheFrenchcompanyforviolatinghisintellectualproperty.
AndthecourtheldthattheFrenchcompanyshouldtaketheresponsibility.Afterlosingthecase,theFrenchcompanyaskedtheChinesecompanytopayfortheloss.Q:ShouldtheChinesecompanyberesponsible?4/17/202430Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.3Buyer’sObligation1.PaymentofthePrice
2.TakingDelivery
4/17/202431Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.3Buyer’sObligation1.PaymentofthePrice
ifthebuyerisnotboundtopaythepriceatanyotherparticularplace,hemustpayittotheseller:(a)attheseller’splaceofbusiness;or(b)ifthepaymentistobemadeagainstthehanding-overofthegoodsorofdocuments,attheplacewherethehanding-overtakesplace.Thesellermustbearanyincreaseintheexpensesincidentaltopaymentwhichiscausedbyachangeinhisplaceofbusinesssubsequenttotheconclusionofthecontract.
4/17/202432Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContract3.3Buyer’sObligation2.TakingDelivery
(a)Indoingalltheactswhichcouldreasonablybeexpectedofhiminordertoenablethesellertomakedelivery;and(b)Intakingoverthegoods.
4/17/202433Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase1UnderaFOBcontract,thebuyerwasresponsibleforarrangingshipment.Thesellerhadthegoodsreadyforshipmentasperthecontractbutshiparrangedbythebuyerfailedtoarriveattheloadingportintimeandfailedtotakedelivery.Thegoodsweredamagedrightonthenextdayoftheshipmentdate.Q:Whoshouldbearthelossofthegoods?4/17/202434Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase2 Thebuyer,oneChinesecompanysignedapurchasecontractwithanU.K.companyonMay14,1992.Thesellersold8000metrictonsofchemicalsforshipementinJulytoDec.fromHamburg.ThebuyerinstructedtheissuingbanktoissueanL/Casperthecontractandurgedthedeliveryofthegoodsfromtheseller.Thesellerapologizedforthelateshipmentandaskedtoincreasethepriceofthegoods.Bingrefusedbythebuyer;thesellerexecutedonepartofthecontractandaskedforincreasmentofthepricebutfailedagain.
OnNov.16th,1994,thebuyerurgedtheselleragainbutofnoresult.Q:Canthebuyeraskedforcompensation?
4/17/202435Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractCase3OnJanuary30th,1991,theapplicant(theseller)signedacontractwiththerespondent(thebuyer)forselling100tonsofzincatUSD630pertonClFHongKong,shipmentbeforeFeb,5th,1991,termsofpaymentisbyD/P.Later,bothpartiesagreedtoincreasethequantityto160tons,withothertermsandcondictionsuntouched.OnFeb.2nd,1991,therespondentappliedforremittanceoftotalvalueofthecontract,USD161,975.OnFeb.4th,1991,theapplicanteffect58.25tonsofgoodsandthegoodsarrivedattheportofdestinationonFeb.11th,1991.Thebuyeracceptedthegoodsandthencanceledtheremittanceapplication.4/17/202436Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit3ExecutingaContractSo,theapplicantdidnothavehismoneybackandthenstophandingoverthegoods.Therespondentaskedtheapplicantfordamagesforfailingtohandoverthebalancegoodsandclaimedthatiftheapplicantagreetopayforthedamagesandtherespondentwillpayforthe58.25tonsofgoods.Q:Whoshouldtaketheresponsibility?4/17/202437Chapter
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