呼吸系统(0001)课件

呼

吸

系

统

RESPIRATORYSYSTEM呼吸系统

呼吸道Respiratorytract上呼吸道upperrespiratorytract

鼻、咽和喉下呼吸道lowerrespiratorytract

气管、支气管

肺内的各级分支肺

Lung气体交换的器官，由肺内的各级支气管、肺泡、血管及淋巴管等组成Little区

鼻

nos

包括：外鼻、鼻腔和鼻旁窦三部分1．外鼻：鼻根、鼻背、鼻尖、鼻翼2．鼻腔

鼻中隔鼻孔和鼻后孔鼻前庭和固有鼻腔两部分外侧壁:上、中、下鼻甲（道）蝶筛隐窝

鼻泪管固有鼻腔的粘膜：嗅部

位于上鼻甲以及与其相对的鼻中隔部分呼吸部鼻旁窦paranasalsinuses额窦frontalsinus筛窦

ethmoidalsinus蝶窦

sphenoidalsinus上颌窦maxillarysinus喉Larynx会厌软骨上缘环状软骨下缘C3~C6甲状软骨thyroidcartilage环状软骨cricoidcartilage会厌软骨epiglotticcartilage勺状软骨arytenoidcartilage喉软骨Laryngeal

cartilage

甲状软骨Thyroidcartilage前角anteriorhorn喉结laryngealprominence(Adam’sapple)

上角superiornotch环状软骨Cricoidcartilage环状软骨弓cricoidarch环状软骨板cricoidlamina环甲关节面thyroidarticularsurface环甲关节cricothyroidjoint会厌软骨Epiglotticcartilage会厌epiglottis勺状软骨

Arytenoidcartilage环勺关节

cricoarytenoidjoint声带突

vocalprocess肌突

muscularprocess甲状舌骨膜

thyrohyoidmembrane甲状舌骨正中韧带

medianthyrohyoidligament

环甲关节

cricothyroidjoint环勺关节cricoarytenoidjoint方形膜

quadrangularmembrane弹性圆锥conuselasticus声韧带vocalligament环甲正中韧带mediancricothyroidligament喉肌Laryngealmuscle环甲肌cricothyroidm.环勺后肌Posteriorcricoarytenoidm.环勺侧肌Lateralcricoarytenoidm.甲勺肌Thyroarytenoidm.杓肌

Arytenoid勺横肌transversearytenoids勺斜肌obliquearytenoids杓会厌肌

aryepiglotticm.

****杓肌

Arytenoid*****喉腔Laryngealcavity喉口

adituslaryngis杓会厌襞

plicaaryepiglottica梨状隐窝

recessuspiriformis喉腔Laryngealcavity喉口

喉前庭喉中间腔

声门下腔喉腔Laryngealcavity声襞vacalfold前庭裂rimavestibuli喉室ventricleoflarynx声带vocalcord声门裂fissureofglottis膜间部intermembranouspart软骨间部intercartilaginouspart气管Trachea气管杈

bifurcationoftrachea

气管隆嵴

carinaoftrachea气管软骨

trachealcartilages膜壁

membranouswall气管肌

trachealmuscle支气管Bronchi右主支气管

rightprincipalbronchus左主支气管

leftprincipalbronchus肺Lung肺叶pulmonarylobule肺尖Apexoflung肺底baseoflung纵隔面

mediastinalsurface肺门hilumoflung肋面costalsurface肺根rootoflung膈面diaphragmaticsurface心切迹cardiacnotch左肺小舌lingulaofleftlung下缘inferiorborder斜裂obliquefissure右肺水平裂

horizontalfissureofrightlung吸烟与不吸烟者肺的比较叶支气管lobarbronchi段支气管segmentalbronchi支气管树bronchialtree支气管肺段bronchopulmonarysegmentspulmonarysegments肺动脉pulmonaryartery支气管动脉bronchialartery胸膜Pleura壁胸膜parietalpleura脏胸膜visceralpleura胸膜腔pleuralcavity壁胸膜Parietalpleura肋胸膜costalpleura膈胸膜diaphragmaticpleura纵隔胸膜mediastinalpleura胸膜顶cupulapleura胸膜隐窝Pleuralrecesses肋纵隔隐窝costomediastinalrecess肋膈隐窝costodiaphragmaticrecessphrenicomediastinalreces