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DiscoveringusefulstructuresSubjectClause主语从句定义主语从句连接词主语从句注意事项巩固练习Contents1234主语从句定义Part1主语从句定义1.找出下列句子的主语。1.Jimisgoodatplayingthepiano.2.Toseeistobelieve.3.Smokingisbadforhealth.4.Whathehassaidistrue.在主从复合句中_________________就是主语从句,它是名词性从句的一种。充当主语的从句2.课文原句回顾。1.However,
concernedhimmostwas
farmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.2.
thiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.3.However,
itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.4.Today,
isestimated
about60percentofdomesticrice...5.
impressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingishisongoingabilitytofulfilhisdreams.whatthatHowwhetheritthatWhat主语从句连接词Part2主语的连接词1.从属连词:that,whether/ifThathewillcomeiscertain.Whetherhewillcomeisuncertain.that在主语从句中_______成分,没有______,但不可省略。不做意思whether在主语从句中_______成分,译为______。不做是否2.连接代词Whatweneedismoretime.Who
willgomakesnodifference.Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.Whatheusedtobeisunclear.Whoever=Anyone(who
breaksthelaw)
willbepunished.Whatever=Anything(that
Ihave)
isyours.Whichever
prizeyouchooseinthestorewillbelongtoyou.
what,who,whom,whatever,whoever,whichever
在主语从句中起_____________,
充当______________________。主语、宾语
或表语连接作用注意:此处whatever/whoever不能转化为nomatterwhat/who格式2.连接代词Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.Whosehousethatisdoesn’tconcernme.Whichever
teamgainsthemostpointswins.Whichever
ofthemgainsthemostpointswins.which,whose,whichever在主语从句中起_____________,
充当____________。whichever有时还可以修饰名词或后接表示范围的of短语。定语连接作用3.连接副词When
wewillleavehasn'tbeendecided.Howshekeepshealthyisasecret.Whyhecriesisnotclear.Wherethemeetingwillbeheldisnotknown.Whereveryougodoesnotconcernusatall.Wheneveryouwanttocomeisokwithme.when,where,
why,how,whenever,wherever在主语从句中充当_______,
分别表示时间,地点,方式,原因。状语主语从句学法指导依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指从句与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语,指人用who,指物用what。如缺宾语,指人用whom,指物用what。如缺时间状语用when;地点状语用where。
原因状语用why;方式状语用how。如缺定语用whose或which。如什么都不缺用that,whether表“是否”。主语从句注意事项Part31.主语从句一般放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。1.Thattheearthmovesaroundthesuniswellknown.
Itiswellknownthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.2.Thatshehasmadesuchamistakeisapity.
Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.3.Whetherhe'llcomehereisn'tclear.
Itisn'tclearwhether/ifhe'llcomehere.注意:主语从句位于句首时,不能用if
引导,主语从句后置时,才可以用if引导。It作形式主语的常见句型:It+be+形容词(obvious,likely,certain一定的)+
that从句(2)It+be+过去分词(reported,expected,announced,suggested等)+that从句(3)It+be+名词词组(apity,ashame,anhonor,nowonder难怪等)+that从句(4)It+动词/动词短语(seem,appear似乎,happen恰巧,matter要紧,turnout结果是,occurtosb某人突然想到等)+that从句1.Itisafactthathecheatedintheexam.2.Itseemsthatheisnothimselftoday.3.Itisnecessarythatwe(should)
havebreakfast.4.Itwassuggested
thatwe
(should)putoffthemeeting.◆Itisnecessary/important/essential/vital/crucial/strange/natural等+that(should)do◆Itissuggested/requested/desired/ordered/demanded等+that从句(should)do翻译下列句子:接虚拟语气的主语从句:2.主语从句语序Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.√×主语从句一律用陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。例如:Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken
______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest________unknown.4.Whathewantsmost_________stayingwithhisfamily.
Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).主句的谓语动词,大多数使用_______(单数?复数?)由两个连接词引导同一个主从,谓动使用_______
(单数?复数?)主语为and连接的两个主从时,谓动使用______
(单数?复数?)谓动由______决定单复数(主语?表语?)单数单数复数表语isisareis
are/is3.主语从句的主谓一致问题4.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别1._______yousaidyesterdayisright.2._______sheisstillaliveisexciting.3._______helostthebikeworriedhimalot.4._______helostyesterdayishisbike.WhatThatWhatThatwhat既引导从句,又在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,而that只引导从句,不在从句中充当成分。巩固练习Part41.Matchthesentenceparts.(P53)1.
remainsanunansweredquestion.2.
isanimportanttopicforustoresearch.3.
isthatthesechemicalsmayevencausecancer.4.
thesevegetablescanevenbeplantedwithoutanysoilthroughthisnewtechnology.5.
isthereasonwhysomepeopleprefertoliveinthecountryratherthaninthecity.A.WhatworriesmanypeopleB.ThatthelifestyleisslowerandhealthierC.HowwecanfindasuitablesolutiontoproducesufficientfoodD.WhenthesewheatfarmerswilljointhispilotexperimentE.ItamazedallofusthatDCAEB这些小麦农户什么时候会加入预试验仍然不得而知。如何能够找到一个合适的解决办法,在保证环境安全的同时,生产足够的粮食,是一个需要我们研究的重要课题。令很多人担心的是,这些化学制品甚至可能导致癌症。令我们所有人惊讶的是,通过这种新技术,可以无土栽培这些蔬菜。有些人更喜欢住在乡下而非城市的原因是前者生活节奏更慢、生活方式更健康。Grandmahasbeencomplainingaboutthevegetablessoldinthesupermarketwhichhavebeengrowingusingchemicalfertilizers.
Toher,thattheylookbeautifulontheoutsideisobvious.
However,whatsheisunhappyaboutisthelowernutritionalvalueandreducedflavor.
Nowthatbothofmygrandparentshaveretiredfromtheirjobsinthecity,howtheyaregoingtospendtheirretirementisanimportantdecisionforthem.Whether
theycanliveahealthylifeisthefirstthingtheyareconsidering.
Sotheyhavemadeuptheirmindstomovetothecountrysidewheretheycanliveagreenlife.2.
ReadthepassageandunderlineallthesubjectclausesthanempiresdiscusswhetherthesentenceswiththesubjectclausescanbePARAPHRASED.Suggestedanswers:1.Thattheylookbeautifulontheoutsideisobvious.Itisobviousthattheylookbeautifulontheoutside.Readthepassageandunderlineallthesubjectclauses.Theninpairs,discusswhetherthesentenceswithsubjectclausescanbeparaphrased.2.Whatsheisunhappyaboutisthelowernutritionalvalueandreducedflavour.3.Howtheyaregoingtospendtheirretirementisanimportantdecisionforthem.Itisanimportantdecisionforthemhowtheyaregoingtospendtheirretirement.4.Whethertheycanliveahealthylifeisthefirstthingtheyareconsidering.1.________fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferences.2.___________comeswillbewelcometotheopen-airconcert.3.________wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.4.________hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.5.___________wewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.6._______willtaketheplaceofouroriginalheadmasterhasn’tbeendecidedyet.7._______hegaveupthechanceofstudyingabroadisunknown.8.________wewillhavethepicnicnextweekisbeingdiscussed.9.____________________________hehidthemoneyistobefoundout.10.________willbechosenournewmonitorisstillunknown.11.Itisbynomeansclear_____thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.12.Itremainstobeseen__________thenewlyformedcommittee'spolicycanbeputintopractice.13._______youneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.3.Filltheblankswiththerightwords.ThatWhoeverWhatWhere/When/How/WhyWhowhetherwhatWhatWhatWhetherWhoWhyWhere练一练I.请从that、whether中选词填空:________shegotanAinthemathtestwasapleasantsurprisetous.________Janehasgoneabroadisnonewsatall.___________shewillarriveontimeisnotknown.___________wewillgocampingdependsontheweather.___________theyagreetotheplandoesnotmatteratall.__________thecarwasoutofcontrolatthattimewasobvious.__________herhairwasturninggrayworriedheralot.__________shefailedinthedrivingtestwasashametoher.__________Peterdidnottellthetruthshockedusall.ThatThatThatThatThatThatWhetherWhetherWhether3.Filltheblankswiththerightwords.
练一练
II.请从what、which中选词填空:_______hesaidatthemeetinginspiredeverybodypresent._______shewantstobuyisatoybear._______teamwillwinthegameisunknown._______busweshouldtakeisstillaquestion.
_______reallymattersisthatshetookthewrongtrain._______theyneededwasmoretime._______hasmadetherainforestdisappearyearbyyearisnotwellaccepted.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother._______itwasdoesnotmatter.WhatWhatWhichWhichWhichWhatWhatWhat3.Filltheblankswiththerightwords.练一练III.请从when、where、how、why中选词填空:1.________theplanewilltakeoffisnotknownyet.2.________themeetingwillbeheldhasnotbeendecidedyet.3.________theoldmanburiedthegoldisnotcleartous.4.________theyinsistedontravellingbybikeontheslipperyroadshockedus.5.________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.6.________themanhadnotreportedtheaccidentsoonerwasneverclear.7.________theoldladycamefromwasstillapuzzle.WhenWhenWhereWhereWhyHowWhy3.Filltheblankswiththerightwords.练一练请从whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever、whenever、wherever中选词填空1._________comesfirstwillgettheprize.2.
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