外研版英语八年级下册知识点总结-文档

最新外研版英语八年级下册知识点总结Module1FeelingsandimpressionsUnit11.Whatadelicioussmell?Smell:一股气味（可数名词）_____goodadvice!It’ssohelpfultous.(what/How)_____interestingthestoryis!(What/How)2.nice:adj.美味的，友好的，令人愉快的niceweather:好天气benicetosb.:对某人友好anicetrip:一次令人愉快的旅行Thecookietastesnice.这块饼干尝起来美味。3.wouldlike比want语气更委婉。Wouldyouliketostayherewithus?Yes,I’dlike/loveto.4.lovely:令人愉快的，可爱的修饰人或物alovelyafternoon/girllively:活泼的，生动的alivelylesson:一堂生动的课5.I’mafraidthat+从句:恐怕（表示歉意或让对方失望的情况）I’mafraidthatIcan’tcometoyourpartytomorrow.6.1)abit=alittle:有点儿，有点后接/形容词/副词\形容词/副词的比较级Ifeelabitthirstynow.Aftertherain,peoplefeelabit/alittlecooler.2)alittle+不可数名词：Thereisalittletimeleft.abitof+不可数名词：Thereisabitofwaterinthebottle.7.haveatry:试一试havea/an+名词haveaswim:游泳haveabreak:休息haveashower:洗沐浴8.Ihaveasweettooth.我喜欢吃甜食。9.bedone:做好了，完成了done:adj.做好了的，完成了10.besure+从句：Areyousurewhatyousaid?Besureof/aboutsth.:对……确信I’msureof/aboutthetelephonenumber.besure(not)todo.Sth.:确保/务必（不）做某事Besurenottomisstheearlybus.11.luckyday:幸运日You’realuckyboy.你是一个幸运儿。Goodlucktoyou.祝你好运。Unit21.thanksfor=thankyoufor:因……而感谢你Thankyouforyourhelp.Thankyouforsendingmephotos.2.message:口信、信息（可数名词）takeamessage:捎个口信leaveamessage:留信Information:信息（不可数名词）apieceofinformation,someinformation3.hearfromsb.=get/receivealetterfromsb.:收到某人的来信Iheardfrommyunclelastweek.=Igot/receivedaletterfrommyunclelastweek.4.can’twaittodosth.:等不及/迫不及待做某事Ican’twaittoopenthepresent.5.quite:1)quitea/an+形容词+名词quiteaniceboy:一个相当好的男孩。2)quite修饰动词时放在动词前Hequitelikesmaths.他很喜欢数学。very:1)avery+形容词+名词averyniceboy2)very与much合在一起修饰动词时，位于句末。HelikesEnglishverymuch.6.soundlike:听起来（像）Themusicsoundsverybeautiful.7.1)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.:某人花费时间/钱做某事Don’tspendtoomuchtime(in)playingcomputergames.2)sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.:某人花时间/钱在某事/某物上Ispenttenyuanonthisbook.Manypeoplespnedtheirfreetimeontheirhobbies.8.beproudofsb./sth.:以某人/某事为自豪Parentsareproudoftheirchildren.We’reproudofourcountry.9.begoodatsth./doingsth.=dowellinsth./doingsth.擅长某事/做某事I’mgoodatEnglish/swimming.=IdowellinEnglish/swimming.10.Howdoyoufeelabout…？=Whatdoyouthinkof…?=Howdoyoulike…？Howdoyoufeelaboutthefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?11.in:在多久之后，常用于将来时，对其提问用howsoonHowsoonwillyouleaveBeijing?I’llcomebackinthreedays.12.howtodothings:疑问词+不定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语1)Idon’tknowwhattodo.=Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.（作宾语）疑问词加不定式作宾语时可以转换成宾语从句。2)Whentoholdthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.（作主语）3)Hisdreamishowtobeagoodscientist.（作表语）4)Idon’tknowwhattodo.=Idon’tknowhowtodoit.13.1)beafraidofsb./sth.:害怕某人/某物I’mafraidofdoctors/dogs.2)beafraidofdoingsth.:害怕做某事I’mafraidofflying/goingoutatnight.3)beafraidtodosth.:害怕做某事I’mafraidtoswimacrosstheriver.4)I’mafraidthat:恐怕I’mafraidthatyoumuststudyhard.语法：表示感觉和知觉的系动词也称感官系动词1.五个表示感觉和知觉的系动词与眼、耳、口、鼻、手相关系。look,sound,taste,smell,feel+形容词Hefeelstiredafterwork.2.感官系动词后可接介词like,like后常接名词。Hisideasoundslikefun.3.感官系动词的句型结构与be不同，其否定形式和疑问形式要借助动词do。Thefoodtastesdelicious.变成否定句→Thefooddoesn’ttastedelicious.变成一般疑问句→Doesthefoodtastedelicious?4.持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stayTheweatherwillkeepwarmfor7days.5.变化系动词有become,grow,turn,get,go等。书面表达在英语学习中，与北京阳光中学的同学朝夕相处，其中Daniel的善良和助人为乐等优秀品质给我们留下了深刻的印象。请根据下面提示，用英语写一篇短文。提示：1.Personality:helpful—helpoldwomancrosstheroadkind—workattheHelpingHandsClubcreative—creativeaTVprogramme点拨：人物介绍（年龄、外貌、身份、性格）→典型事例（性格、品质）→人物评价（喜爱、夸赞）MyfriendDanielMyfriendDanielcomesfromBeijingSunshineModule2ExperiencesUnit11.1)enter=takepartin=joinin参加enteracompetition:参加比赛2)enter=come/gointo进入Pleaseentertheclassroom.2.ever:曾经、从来，用于现在完成时的一疑问句、否定句。1)Have/Hassb.ever+donesth.?某人曾经做过某事吗？Haveyoueverenteredaclub?2)ever用于否定句，notever=never从来Shehasn’teverenteredanycompetitions.3.beforeadv.以前,与现在完成时连用;也可与一般过去时/一般现在时连用,位于句末。ShehasneverbeentoBeijingbefore.Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.Hecamebackbefore10o’clocklastnight.4.1)afford:买得起、付得起，常与can,could,beableto连用。Thehouseistooexpensive.Ican’taffordit.2)afford后跟动词不定式作宾语，canaffordto/dosth.:有能力支付做某事\buysth.:买得起某物IcanaffordtovisitShanghaithisyear.Heisverypoorandcan’taffordtobuyahouseinthecity.5.That’sapity.Whatapity!真遗憾！It’sapitythat:太可惜了It’sapitythatyoucan’tcometotheparty.6.here,there,out,in等表示方位的副词开头的句子中，主语是名词，句子要全部倒装；如果主语是代词，句子则要部分倒装。Hereisagiftforyou.Herecomesthebus.(主语是名词)Hereitis.Hereyouare.(主语是代词)7.不定式短语在句中作目的状语，位于句首或句中。Tocatchtheearlybus,Igetupearly.(位于句首，其后有逗号)Hestudiedhardtopasstheexam.(位于主句后即句末)8.Sheworriedaboutherfuture.=She____________aboutherfuture.9.makeup:编造，组成Canyoumakeupastory?bemadeupof:由……组成Thebasketballteamismadeupof20players.10.1)Ihopethat(宾语从句)表示祝愿:Ihopethatmydreamwillcometrue.2)hope/wishtodosth.:Iwishtobecomeadoctorinthefuture.3)wishsb.todosth.:Iwishyoutocometomybirthdayparty.11.1)invitesb.todosth.:邀请某人做某事Lilyinvitedmetoseeafilmyesterday.2)invitesb.tosomeplace:邀请某人去某地I’llinviteLillytomyparty.Unit21.数词-名词-形容词：合成/复合形容词，其中的名词必须用单数形式，只能放在名词前做定语，不能作表语。Tomisaneight-year-oldboy.Tomiseightyearsold.2.oneof+the形容词最高级+名词复数形式：最……之一TheYangze3.movetosp.:搬到某地TheyaremovingtoBeijinginamonth.他们一个月后要搬到北京。4.1)sendsb.todosth.:派遣某人做某事TheysentsomescientiststoworkinBeijing.2)sendsb.toaplace:派某人去某地TheschoolsentTomtoGuilin.3)sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.:送/寄给某人某物IsentLilyabook.=IsentabooktoLily.5.the+姓氏s……一家人，……夫妇,其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。TheSmithsarehavingdinnernow.6.1)has/havebeento:去过某地(表示经历)，人现在已回来，常与ever,never，次数等连用。IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.我已去过北京两次了。2)has/havegoneto:去某地了（表示此人不在这儿），不能用于第三人称。MayIspeaktoLiTao?我可以和地涛通话吗？Sorry.HehasgonetoBeijing.很抱歉。他去北京了。3)has/havebeenin:住在/在，是延续性动词短语，可以与时间段连用。HehasbeeninShanghai/fortenyears.\sinceheworked.7.bedifferentfrom:与……不同Hisbikeisdifferentfrommine.8.inmanyways:在许多方面Inmanyways,theydobetterthanus.9.think/find/feelit+adj.(形容词)todosth.:觉得/认为/感觉做某事……IthinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.Ifinditboringtoplaycomputergames.10.sofar=uptonow:到目前为止，常与现在完成时连用,位于句首或句末。Wehaveplanted2,000treessofar.SofarIhavelearned10,000words.11.mix……with……：把……和……混和在一起Wecansometimesmixbusinesswithpleasure.我们有时可以把工作和娱乐结合起来。12.1)asksb.(not)todosth.:要求/让某人（不）做某事Tomaskedhismothertowakehimupatseveno’clock.2)asksb.aboutsth.:向某人询问有关某事askab.forsth.:向某人要某物Tomaskedmeaboutthehomework.IaskedTomforabook.话题写作：请你介绍一下游览北京的经历，内容如下：1.北京在中国的北方，每年有很多人到北京旅游；2.来过北京多次，跑遍了北京城；3.爬过长城，到过颐和园(theSummerPalace)和故宫(thePalaceMuseum);4.拍下了很多照片，与外国人用英语交谈过。BeijingisinthenorthofChina.Therearemanyplacesofinterestthere.AlotofpeoplecometovisitBeijingeveryyear.IhavebeentoBeijingmanytimes.IhavetraveledaroundBeijing.IhaveclimbedtheGreatWall.IhavevisitedtheSummerPalaceandthePalaceModule3JourneytospaceUnit11.Whatareyouupto?=Whatareyoudoing?upto:忙于2.1)just:刚刚，用于现在完成时，位于助动词后，实义动词前。Thetrainhasjustleft.2)justnow=amomentago刚才，常与一般过去时连用，位于句末。Isawanoldfriendjustnow.3.yet:1)用于现在完成时的疑问句中，位于句末，意为“已经”。Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?2)用于现在完成时的否定句中，位于句末，意为“还没有”，not…yetIhavenotseenthefilmyet.我还没看过这部电影。already:已经，用于现在完成时的肯定句中，位于助动词has/have后,有时位于句末。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Ihaveseenthefilmalready.4.thelatestnews:最新的消息5.That’swhy……:那就是……的原因why在此引导的是表语从句。Mybikewasbroken.That’swhyIwaslateforschool.6.discover:发现本已存在的客观事物、科学上的新发现。ColumbusdiscoveredAmerica.哥伦布发现了美洲。7.1)noone=nobody没有人,作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，只指人，不能指物。Noonelikesthiskindofbook.2)None:可以接of短语，既可以指人也可以指物。Noneofthecoatsisred.8.inordertodosth.:为了做某事,表目的，位于句首或句中,可与soastodosth.相互转换。Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.=Inordertocatchthefirstbus,hegotupearly.9.1)oneday:某一天（过去/将来），用过去/将来时I’llrealizemydreamoneday2)someday:某一天（将来），用一般将来时I’lltravelaroundtheworldsomeday.3)Theotherday:几天前（过去），用一般过去时Imetanoldfriendinthestreettheotherday.Unit21.therebe就近原则：be动词与和它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。therebe的一般将来时结构为：therewillbe或Thereis/aregoingtobeThereisabankandsomepensonthedesk.Therewillbe/isgoingtobeafootballmatchtomorrow.2.ontheearth:在地球上onearth:究竟、世界上Whoonearthwonthematch?3.goaround:围绕……运行Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4.agroupof:一群/组……，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Shehasagroupoffriends.5.possible:可能的—impossible:不可能的polite:礼貌的—impolite:不礼貌的6.adj./adv.+enoughtodosth.:Yourbrotherisoldenoughtogotoschool.Thisbookisn’teasyenoughformetoread.7.介词短语作状语。Withasmileonherface,shecamein.8.alone:adj.独自的、单独的adv.单独地、独自地lonely:adj.孤独的、寂寞的Helivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.9.communicatewithsb.:与某人交流n.communication交流Weneedtocommunicatewithourparentsathome.语法：1.现在完成时常与already,yet,just,before,recently等词连用。ShehasjustarrivedinChina.Ihaven’tseenhimrecently.Wehaveseenthefilmbefore.2.现在完成时常与ever,never,twice等连用。HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?IhavebeentoGuilintwice.话题写作：随着时代的进步、科技的发展，人们的生活发生了日新月异的变化。未来的生活将会是什么样子的呢？谁都无法预料。请发挥想象，谈一谈未来的日子里，将有哪些不可思议的变化。如：很多事情由机器人或计算机完成、在家购物、足不出户旅行……请以“Thelifewecan’timagine”为题写一篇短文。Thelifewecan’timagineWhatdoyouthinkofthelifeinthefuturewillbelike?Inthefuturetherewillbemorecomputersinourhouses.Computerswillhelpustoknowalotabouttheworld.Wewillbeabletotalkbye-mail.Scientistswillmakemanyrobots.Robotscanhelpusdothecleaning,cookingandwashing.Wecandosomeshoppingorseeadoctorwithoutgoingoutofourhouses.Thelifeinthefuturewillbeverygood.Forthis,wewillstudyhardandturnourideasintoreality.Ibelievewewillbeabletodothis.Module4SeeingthedoctorUnit11.HowcanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?有什么事？2.ill:只作表语Tomwasillyesterday.Hehasbeenillfor4days.sick:可作表语或定语Themotherislookingafterhersickson.3.Myheadhurts.=Ihavegotaheadache.=Ihaveapaininmyhead.我头痛。4.have/catchacold:感冒haveabadcold:患重感冒haveahigh/lowfever:发高/低烧haveacough:咳嗽haveatoothache:牙痛5.takeone’stemperature:给某人量体温Haveyoutakenyourtemperature?6.exercise:1)锻炼、运动，为不可数名词。Weshoulddo/talesomeexerciseeveryday.2)练习、作业、体操，为可数名词。Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.Ihavetwoexercisestodotoday.7.since:1)作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时。现在完成时+since+句子（一般过去时）Hehaslivedheresincehewas10.2)作介词，后跟时间点Shehasworkedheresince2010.for:计、达，后跟一段时间（时间段）Ihaveworkedherefor14years.8.1)beharmfulto=bebadfor对……有害Smokingisharmfultoyou.=Smokingisbadforyou.2)doharmtosb./sth.:伤害某人/某物Stayinguplatedoesharmtoourbody.3)It’sharmfultodosth.:做某事是有害的It’sharmfultoreadinthesun.9.onceaweek:一周一次twiceayear:一年两次这些表示频率的短语，对其提问用howoften.Howoftendoyougoswimming?Threetimesaweek.10.提问一段时间用howlong.HowlonghaveyoubeeninGuilin?Forthreeyears.Unit21.Ifeelwell.我感觉身体好。well=fine2.active:adj.积极的、活跃的Tonywasveryactiveatthepartylastnight.takeanactivepartin:积极参加TonyalwaystakesanactivepartintheEnglishclub.3.by:介词，通过bydoingsth.:通过某各方式MysisterlearnsEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.4.Mr.Greenboughtthecarlastyear.(改为现在完成时的句子)Mr.Greenhashadthecarforayear.5.feel/keephealthy=feel/keepfit感到/保持健康6.takepartin=joinin参加活动joininthediscussion/thesportsmeetingjoin:加入党派、团体、组织，成为其中一员jointhearmy/thePartyjoinsb.insth./doingsth.:Willyoujoinusinplayingbasketball?7.beinexcellentcondition:健康状况很好beintrouble:处于困境Heisintroubleandneedsourhelp.8.for/inthelastfewweeks/months/years:在过去的几周/月/年里，常与现在完成时连用。IhavelearntlotsofEnglishwordsinthelastfewweeks.9.sleepyadj.欲睡的、想睡的Ioftenfeelsleepyinclass.asleepadj.睡着的、睡熟的fallasleep:入睡、睡着Ifeltsleepyandfellasleepsoon.10.daily=everydayadj.日常的、天天的indailylife:在日常生活中11.weak:虚弱的、弱的Tomisalittleweak.beweakin:在……方面差IamweakinmathsbutgoodatChinese.12.feelawful:感到不舒服Theweatherisawful/terribletoday.极坏的、坏透了13.allover:浑身、到处I’mblackandwhiteallover.我浑身青一块紫一块。allover指“遍布”与around同义：allovertheworld=allaroundtheworld14.too+adj.todosth.:太……而不能做某事，可以与not…enoughtodosth及So…that的否定结构互换。Hisbrotheristooyoungtojointhearmy.=Hisbrotherisnotoldenoughtojointhearmy.=Hisbrotherissoyoungthathecan’tjointhearmy.语法：短暂性动词转换成延续性动词。buy→have/own borrow→keep begin/start→beongo→beaway die→bedeadjoin→bein/beamemberofleave→beaway marry→bemarried return→bebackopen→beopen gothere→bethere comehere→beheregettoknow→know catchacold→haveacoldputon→wear/beonIhavekeptthatbookfortwomonths.Howlonghaveyouhadthecamera?话题写作：假如你是Tom,你在美国的朋友Tony生病了，请你写一封电子邮件，并告诉他做如下事情：seeadoctor;eathealthyfood;havemorefruitandvegetables;getenoughsleep;stayhappy.DearTony,I’msorrytohearyouareill.Youhaveafeverandhadaheadache.Youshouldseeadoctorfirst.Thenyoudrinkmorewater,eathealthyfood,andhavemorefruitandvegetables.Youshouldgetenoughsleepandstayhappy.Youshouldn’tstudywhenyouaretootired.It’snotgoodforyourhealth.Ihopeyou’llbebettersoon.Bestwishes!Yours,TomModule5CartoonstoriesUnit11.1)It’stimetodosth.=It’stimeforsth.该做某事的时候了It’stimetohavelunch.=It’stimeforlunch.It’stimetogotoschool.=It’stimeforschool.2)It’stimeforsb.todosth.:该到某人做某事的时候了。It’stimeforustohavearest.3)Thereisnotimetodosth.没时间做某事。Thereisnotimetohavebreakfast.2.穿过：Youmustbecarefulwhenyouwalkacrosstheroad.Theriverrunsthroughthecity.Themoonlightgoesthroughthewindowandmakestheroombright.3.fight:1)fightsb.:打某人Don’tfighttheotherstudents.2)fightwith/againstsb.:与……打架、同……并肩作战TomisfightingwithTonyintheclassroom.3)fightfor:为……而战（和平、自由、国家）Theyfightforpeace/freedom/theircountry.4)haveafightwithsb.=fightwithsb.与某人打架4.climbup:往上爬、爬上Theyneedtoclimbupthetreeswithladders.5.someone:某人、有人，多用于肯定句中，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。否定或疑问句中用anyone.Inthedarksomeonewasfollowingher.Ican’tfindanyonetohelpme.6.1)keepdoingsth.:一直做某事Thelittlebabykeepscryingallnight.2)keepsb./sth.+adj.:使……处于某种状态Keepyourhandsclean.Keepyoureyesclosed.3)keepsb.doingsth.:使某人一直做某事I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingfor2hours.4)keep+adj.:保持keephealthy/clean7.否定转移：从句中的否定习惯上转移到主句上，类似的词有believe,guess,think等。Idon’tthinkhewillcome.Idon’tbelieveheisright.8.can’thelpdoingsth.=can’tstopdoingsth:情不自禁做某事Hecouldn’thelpcryingwhenheheardthenews.9.protectsb./sth.from/againststh.:保护某人/某物免受……的伤害。Wearingdarkglassescanprotectyoureyesfromthesun.Parentstrytoprotecttheirchildrenfromdanger.10.lesson:课、教训teachsb.alesson:给某人一个教训It’salessontousall.这对我们大家来说是个教训。Unit21.wintheheartofsb.:赢得某人的喜欢BeijingOperawinstheheartsoftheoldpeople.Shewontheheartofeveryoneinthetheatre.2.everywhere=hereandthere到处、处处Herbooksareeverywhere.anywhere:任何地方Youcangoanywhereinterestingifyoulike.3.1)leadsb.todosth.:带领某人做某事Heleadshisteamtofightagainsttheenemy.2)leadto:通向、导致AllroadsleadtoRome.条条道路通罗马。Idon’tthinkitwillleadtoagoodresult.4.beinamess:混乱makeamess:弄乱、搞糟Whatamess!多么混乱啊！5.except:1)expecttodosth.:期望做某事Iexpecttopasstheexam.2)expectsb.todosth.:期望某人做某事Everyoneexpectedustowinthematchbutwelost.3)expectsth.:Heisexpectingherletter.6.experience:经历（可数名词）PleasetellusyourexperiencesinAmerica.经验（不可数名词）Heisamanofrich/muchexperience.Hehasrichexperienceinthiskindifwork.7.copy:1)n.一本、一册（可数名词）Heisreadingacopyofthedailynewspaper.2)v.复制、抄袭Don’tcopyTom’shomework.Wouldyoucopythisletterforme,please?8.表示某人多大岁生日时，用序数词；表示年龄时用基数词。TodayisLingling’stenth/10thbirthday.Linglingistenyearsold.9.own:1)adj.自己的one’sown:某人自己的Thisismyownbike.2)v.拥有Heownsthreehouses.10.privateadj.私人的，个人的privatecar:私家车privatehouse/letterPersonaladj.个人的（个人的感情、情绪、情感）personalfeeling：个人感觉11.1)satisfy:v.使满意、满足Wealwayssatisfyourcustomerswithgoodservice.顾客2)besatisfiedwithsth.:对……感到满意Sheissatisfiedwithherson’sanswer.12.1)AaswellasB:不仅……而且，既……又，还，强调的是前者，翻译时先译后者，再译前者；谓语动词与aswellas前的主语保持一致（就远原则）。Tom’sparentsaswellasTomlikeswimming.HespeaksEnglishaswellasChinese.他不仅会说汉语还会说英语。2)notonly…butalso…:不仅……而且……，强调的是后者（就近原则）Notonlyyoubutalsoyourbrotherisverykindtome.Shenotonlyplayswell,butalsowritesmusic.她不仅演奏得好，还会作曲。话题写作：守株待兔aPassiveAttitudeOnceuponatimetherewasafarmerwhoworkedhard.Onedaywhenhewashoeing,hesuddenlyheardalowsound“peng”.Heturnedandhurriedtothetree.Hefoundarabbitdying.Hepickeduptherabbitandwasexcited.Thenhesaidtohimself,“Whycan’tIwaitformorerabbitshere?It’scoolunderthetree.”Sohedroppedoffhishoeandwaitedthere.Butdayafterday,therewerenomorerabbitscoming.Whatwasworse,allhiscropsweredead.Module6HobbiesUnit11.alittle+不可数名词：有点儿、少量的Thereisonlyalittlemeatinthefridge.abitof+不可数名词：有点儿、少量的Ineedabitofwater.2.havealook:看一看，后跟宾语时，要加介词at.havealookat=lookatHavealookatthepicture.=Lookatthepicture.3.mostof+代词宾格或mostof+限定词+名词作主语时，谓语动词的数由most后面的代词或名词决定。Mostofmystorybooksareveryinteresting.MostofuslikeEnglish.Mostofhermoneywasstolen.她的大部分钱被偷了。4.must:表示肯定的推测，“一定、肯定”。表示否定的推测时用can’t,“不可能”。Therestaurantmustbeverygood.It’salwaysfullofpeople.Thatgirlcan’tbeLily.Lilyismuchtaller.5.as+形容词/副词的原级+as:和……一样HisEnglishisasgoodasmine.Hedrivesaswellashisfather.6.用：1)with:用具体有形的东西（工具）Iwritealetterwithapen.2)in:用语言、声音、原材料Canyouspeakinaloudvoice?3)by:用/通过……用段或方式Thegirlmademoneybysellingflowers.7.形容词修饰不定代词时后置：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Unit21.1)some……others……：一些……另一些……SomestudentslikewatchingTVandotherslikegoingonline.2)one……theother……：一个……，另一个……（范围是两者）Thereareonlytwostudentsintheclassroom.Oneisreadingandtheotherisdrawing.Ihavetwopens.Oneisredandtheotherisblack.2.makesb.dosth.:使某人做某事一感、二听、三让、四看Wemadethelittlegirllaughatlast.3.develop:v.培养、提高、发展、形成、长大Thislessonwillhelpyoudevelopyourwritingskills.这节课有助于提高你的写作能力。Weshoulddevelopgoodlivinghabits.我们应该养成好的生活习惯。4.during=in:在……期间、在……时间内Iwokeupthreetimesduring/inthenight.5.aswellas:除了……外（还有），可用besides代替。IhaveafewEnglishbooksaswellas/besidesthis.IstudyJapaneseaswellasEnglish.除了英语外，我还学日语。6.encouragesb.todosth.:鼓励某人做某事Myparentsalwaysencouragemetostudyhard.7.comeout:出版、发行、（花儿）开放、出来Whenwillhisnewbookcomeout?Springcomesandtheflowersstarttocomeout.Theresultwillcomeoutthreedayslater.8.asaresult=so结果、因此、Shedidn’tstudyhardandasaresult,shedidn’tpasstheexam.Tomstudiedhard.Asaresult,hepassedtheexam.9.1)Pleasure:愉悦、愉快It’smypleasure.=Mypleasure.不客气（回答感谢）。2)withpleasure.十分愿意（回答请求）Willyoupleaseopenthewindow?Withpleasure.10.successn.成就、成功Failureisthemothersuccess.失败乃成功之母。successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地succeedv.成功Hefinishedtheworksuccessfully.Heisasuccessfulwriter.Don’tgiveup.Youknowhardworkleadstosuccess.Hesucceededinfinishingtheworkatlast.他终于成功完成了那项工作。ZhangLin话题写作：MyHobbiesIhavemanyhobbies,suchassports,singing,playingtheviolinandkeepingadiary.Atschool,IoftenhearthePEteachersaysportsaregoodforourhealthandwillmakeuslivelonger.SoIlikesportsverymuch.Igorunningatfiveo’clockintheafternoon.Iplaytabletenniswithmyfriends.Thesesportshavekeptmehealthy.Athome,Ilikesingingandplayingtheviolin.IhopeIwillbeasingerandviolinistwhenIgrowup.Inordertoreachthesegoals,Igototheteacher’shomeforalessoneverySaturdayandpracticesinging.Ofallmyhobbies,Ilikereadingbooksbest.Inmybedroomtherearelotsofbooks.WhenIgrowup,IwillservethepeoplewiththeknowledgeIhavelearnt.Module7SummerinLosAngelesUnit11.1)prepareforsth.=be/getreadyforsth.为某事做准备Theyarepreparingforatest.=Theyaregettingreadyforatest.2)preparetodosth.=be/getreadytodosth.准备做某事Mymotherispreparingtocooklunch.2.makealist:列清单Let’smakeashoppinglist.3.1)crazyadj.发疯的、荒唐的Youarecrazytobuythewatchatsuchahighprice.2)becrazyabout:对……着迷TheboysarecrazyaboutJayChou.3)drivesb.crazy:使某人发疯、疯狂迷恋Thingsalmostdrivemecrazy.这些东西差点把我弄疯。4.whattotake=whatIshouldtake疑问词+不定式作宾语=宾语从句Thesedressedareverybeautiful.Ican’tdecidewhichonetobuy.5.attheendof:在……末端/尽头/后期/结束（时间/地点）Thereisaparkattheendofthestreet.MybirthdayisattheendofJune.6.英语中成双成对的名词：shorts,trousers,glasses,/socks,shoes.其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由pair修饰作主语时，谓语动词单复数由pair决定。Mysunglassesareinthebag.Twopairsofshoesareenough.Howmuchisthispairofsunglasses?7.light:轻的heavy:重的light:浅色的dark:深色的Lightmusiccanmakepeoplerelaxed.轻音乐能使人放松。Thissweaterislightblue.这件毛衣是浅蓝色的。8.表示时间、金钱、价格、长度、学科的名词以s结尾等词作主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Twentyyearsisalongtime.二十年是很长一段时间。Mathsismyfavouritesubject.Tenkilometersisveryfar.9.else:作后置定语疑问词/不定代词+elseother:作前置定语other+名词复数Whatelsecanyousee?Theotherstudentsareplayingbasketballnow.10.1)weigh:v.重、称……的重量Heweighs50kilos.Pleaseweighthebananas.2)n.weight重量putonweight:长胖loseweight:减肥11.totaladj.总的、全部的，只用作定语。近义词为wholeThetotalscoreisonehundred.Intotal:总共、总计12.1)bytheway:顺便说/问一下，为插入语，用以引出题外的话语。2)onone’swayto:在某人去……的路上I’monmywaytoschool.3)intheway:挡道Don’tstandintheway.不要挡路。13.haveagreat/nice/goodtime=enjoyoneself=havegreatfun玩得开心IhaveagoodtimeinChina.=IenjoymyselfinChina.14.writetosb.=writealettertosb.给某人写信Iwillwritetoyousoon.=Iwillwritealettertoyousoon.15.BuymesomeflowersforyourmotheronMother’sDay.Yes,Iwill.祈使句表示的动作是尚末发生的动作，应答上句的祈使句，答语用助动词will表示将来。Unit21.1)offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.向某人提供某物Heofferedmeacupoftea.=Heofferedacupofteatome.2)offertodosth.：主动提出做某事TomofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.atthesametime:同时Thelittlegirlsingsanddancesatthesametime.3.last:v.持续last(for)+一段时间，for可省略Thefilmlasted(for)threehours.4.dependon:依靠、依赖、取决于Oursuccessdependsonhardwork.我们的成功取决于艰苦的工作。Youcan’talwaysdependonyourparents.WhetherI’llgotoShanghaidependsontheresultoftheexam.5.providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.提供给某人某物/为某人提供某物Theschoolhasprovidedstudentswithfreebooks.=Theschoolhasprovidedfreebooksforstudents.6.progress:进步（不可数名词），其前可用much,great,some,good等词修饰。makemuch/greatprogressinsth.:在某方面取得很大的进步IhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.7.experiencev.经历、体验experiencelifein:在……体验生活Iwanttoexperiencelifeinthecountryside.8.form/makeafriendship/friendshipswithsb.:与某人建立友谊Theteachermakesclosefriendshipswithhisstudents.9.stayintouchwithsb.=keepintouchwithsb.：与某人保持联系We’llstayintouchwitheachotheraftergraduation.毕业10.if:if引导的条件状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时、祈使句、含有情态动词时，从句要用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。Iwillvisitmyfriendifitdoesn’traintomorrow.Don’tgetoffthebusifitdoesn’tstop.Youcanhaveanotherappleifyouareveryhungry.11.prefer=like…better1)preferAtoB:比起B来更喜欢AIpreferEnglishtoChinese.2)prefertodosth.:宁愿做某事Iprefertostayathometoday.3)preferdoingsth.todoingsth.:喜欢做某事胜过某事Ipreferswimmingtoplayingbasketball.我喜欢游泳胜过打篮球。12.atleast:至少atmost:至多Thehallcanholdatleast2,000people.这个大厅至少能容纳两千人。Youshouldatleastbepolite.你至少应该有礼貌。13.1)fillin/outaform:填表2)fill…with…:用……把……装满（表动作）Hefilledthebagswithbooks.3)befilledwith=befullof:充满、装满（表状态）Theglassisfilledwithwater.=Theglassisfullofwater.话题写作：假设你是张林，你的美国笔友Bob来信询问你的暑假计划，现在请你写一封回信，告诉他你将在爷爷奶奶家度过这个假期。注意：1.至少写出你将要做的三件事；2.回信不少于80词，信的开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearBob,Thesummervacationiscomingsoon.Afteratiringschoolyear,I’mgoingtorelaxmyself.Iwillspendmyvacationwithmygrandparents.Iwillstaywiththemforaboutthreeweeks.Ofcourse,Iamgoingtohelpthemdosomehousework.Perhapswewilltakesomeshorttrips.Besides,Iamgoingtovisitsomeofmyfriendsandrelatives.Ithinkwewillhaveahappytimetogether.What’smore,Iwillbeaseniorstudentinanewterm,soIamgoingtomakesomepreparations.Howwillyouspendyourholiday?Bestwishestoyou.Yours,Module8TimeoffUnit11.1)v.欢迎welcometosp.:WelcometoBeijing.Welcomehere.2)n.欢迎giveawarmwelcome:热烈欢迎某人Theygaveusawarmwelcome.3)adj.受欢迎的、不必感谢的Heisawelcometeacher.Thankyou.You’rewelcome.不用谢。2.1)so…that…：如此……以致……，引导结果状语从句。可与too…to…和形/副词+enoughto相互转化。Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.Heransoquicklythatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.赶上2)sothat:以便、为了、目的是，引导目的状语从句。可与inorderthat/into+v.相互转化。Heworkshardsothathecanmakealotofmoney.他努力工作为了挣许多钱。=Heworkshardinordertomakealotofmoney.3.hearsb.dosth.听到某了做了某事Ioftenhearherplaythepiano.hearsb.doingsth.:听到某人正在做某事Iheardthemsingingintheroomjustnow.4.1)hardly=almostnot几乎不，位于be动词/助动词/情态动词后，行为动词前。Icanhardlyfinishthework.Shehardlyateanythinglastnight.2)hardadv.努力地Heworkshardeveryday.hardadj.艰艰苦的、硬的Helivesahardlife.5.befamousfor:因……而闻名Yantai