虚拟语气(1)课件高三英语二轮复习

英语动词语气总结陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟语气

定义:说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气总结：1·与事实相反的假设2·表达愿望，请求，建议，命令，等虚拟语气表“不可能”假设与现在相反与将来相反（可能性小）与过去相反对现在的相反表示与现在事实相反的情况,条件从句的谓语动词用过去式,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。·IfIweretenyearsyounger,Iwouldstartalloveragain.如果我再年轻十岁,我会从头开始的。表示与过去事实相反的情况，条件从句中谓语动词用haddone（过去完成时）,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/mighthavedone对过去的相反·Ifwehadhadenoughrainlastyear,wecouldhavegainedagoodharvest.如果去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成的。·Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldhaveeasilypassedthefinalexamination如果你当时努力学习的话，就会轻松通过期末考试的。表示与将来事实相反的情况,条件从句中谓语动词可用过去式、should+动词形”或“wereto+动词原形”，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。对将来的相反·IfIsaw/shouldsee/weretoseehimtomorrow,Iwouldinvitehimhome.如果明天见到他,我会邀请他到我家。·Ifitwere/shouldbefinetomorrow,Iwouldgoonatrip.如果明天天气好的话,我就去旅游。if引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气的其他用法(1)省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。•Werelyou(lfIwereyou),Iwouldnotdoit.我要是你，就不做这事。1.Ifl____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.A.knew,wouldB.hadknown,wouldhavesentC.know,wouldsendD.knew,wouldhavesent2.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.it_____,l_____then.Iknown,wouldringhimup

B.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimup

lknew;wouldringhimupD.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup3.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she_____absentfromschool.A.werenotill;wouldn'tbeB.hadbeenill;wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeenD.hadn'tbeenill;couldbe4.WereItodoit,I_________itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo主语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.由asif/though引导的方式状语从句有时也用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时

●Theyoungmanwithlonghairwalksasifhewereagirl.

留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘。引导这类目的状语从句的短语有inorderthat、sothat、forfearthat、incase等，从句中谓语动词的形式多为“should/may/might/can/could/would+动词原形”。

●IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.

我租了一条船,这样我就可以去钓鱼了。状语从句中的虚拟语气1.Heactedasifhe____everythingintheworld.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.won'tknow2.ReaditaloudsothatI____youclearly.A.mayhearB.willhearC.hearD.haveheard3.Theygotupearlyinorderthatthey___theyfirsttrain.A.CaughtB.willcatchC.mightcatchD.shallcatch4.Idid