Unit4AviewofMountains省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖课件

Text1AViewofMountainsUnit4AViewofMountains1/50AtomicBombDetonationatHiroshima

Asmanyknow,theatomicbombhasbeenusedonlytwiceinwarfare.ThefirstwasatHiroshima.Auraniumbombnicknamed"LittleBoy"(despiteweighinginatoverfourandahalftons)wasdroppedonHiroshimaAugust6,1945.Inaninstant,66,000peoplewerekilledand69,000injuredbya10-kilotonatomicexplosion.Theareaoftotalvaporizationfromtheatomicbombblastmeasuredonehalfmileindiameter;totaldestructiononemileindiameter;severeblastdamageasmuchastwomilesindiameter.Withinadiameteroftwoandahalfmiles,everythingflammableburned.Theremainingareaoftheblastzonewasriddledwithseriousblazesthatstretchedouttothefinaledgeatalittleoverthreemilesindiameter.2/50Thehypocenter--EntrancetoShimaHospital3/50ShimomuraJewelersLocation:Harimaya-cho(now,Hondori)

Distancefromhypocenter（震源）:approx.620mEstablishedin1873,ShimomuraJewelersbuiltthisnewstorein1928.Itsclocktowerwithclocksonallfoursideswaseye-catching.However,sincethestructurelackedinternalsupportpillars,thesidewallsgavewayundertheatomicblast.Thesecondfloorandclocktowerremainederectonthepulverizedfirstfloor,asifsittingonanincline.

4/50HiroshimaGasCompany5/50HiroshimaPrefecturalIndustrialPromotionHall6/50HistoricalsitesdestroyedAstillstandingtorii(牌坊),brokentorii,apairofstonelanternsleaningindifferentdirections,theshrine（神殿）hallburnedtotheground,thecastlekeeptoppled.

"WhenIcameclosetothecastlekeep,lessthanonekilometerfromthehypocenter,Iwasastonishedbyasightthatdidn'tmakesense.Apileoflumberhadsomehowremainedunburned.Iwonderifthethickplasterwallshadprotecteditfromtheheatrays."AnsweredShigeoHayashi(林重男,arenownedJapanesephotographer)7/50AtomicBombDetonationat

Nagasaki

OnAugust9,1945,Nagasakifelltothesametreatment.ThistimeaPlutonium(环弹)bombnicknamed"FatMan"wasdroppedonthecity.Though"FatMan"misseditstargetbyoveramileandahalf,itstilllevelednearlyhalfthecity.Inasplitsecond,Nagasaki'spopulationdroppedfrom422,000to383,000.Over25,000peoplewereinjured.JapanofferedtosurrenderonAugust10,1945.NOTE:Physicistswhohavestudiedthesetwoatomicexplosionsestimatethatthebombsutilizedonly1/10thof1percentoftheirrespectiveexplosivecapabilities.ThemushroomcloudseenfromanAmericanaircraft8/50

Nagasakithreedaysaftertheatomicbombing

Nagasakitwodaysbeforetheatomicbombing9/50

Nagasaki-typeAtomicBomb“Fatman”

TheNagasakiatomicbombwasnicknamed“Fatman”becauseofitsshape.10/50YosukeYamahataphotographer11/5012/5013/5014/5015/5016/50TextAnanlysisMainIdeaofthetextInthisargumentativeessay,theauthorshowsussomeofYamahata’spicturesoftheNagasakidestroyedhalfacenturyago,andtelluswhatweshoulddoaboutthenuclearperilexistingtoday.17/50StructuralAnalysisPartI(Para1)thewriterputsforwardhisthesis:aviewofmountainsinthebackgroundsuggeststherealextenttowhichthecitywasdestroyedbytheatomicbombing.PartII(Para2-3)theauthorarguesthatthebombingofNagasakiismorerepresentativeofthenuclearperilthreateningtheworldthanthatofHiroshimaandthatweneedtotakeactionstodispelnuclearthreatfromtheEarth.PartIII(Para4)thewritercallsonustotaketheresponsibilityofcreatingasaferworldfornewgenerations.18/50PartIQuestionsWhydoestheauthorthinkthatYamahata’spicturescomposethefullestrecordofnucleardestructioninexistence?Whydoestheauthorparticularlymention“aviewofmountains”inoneofthepictures?19/50Photos·…picturesshowcorpsescharredinthepeculiarwayinwhichanuclearfireballcharsitsvictims……theirbodiesareoftenbrandedwiththepatternsoftheirclothes,whoseclothesabsorblightindifferentdegrees.20/50Anothershowsaheapofsomethingthatoncehadbeenhumanbeinghangingoveraledgeintoaditch.Onephotographshowsahorsetwistedunderthecartithadbeenpulling.21/50LanguageAnalysisDispatch:

Vt.(1)sendofftoadestination

e.g.Amessengerwasdispatchedtotakethenewstothesoldiersatthefront.一名通讯员被派去给前线士兵送消息。Thegovernmentwaspreparingtodispatchsoldierstosearchtheisland.(2)infmltofinish(esp.food)quicklye.g.wesoondispatchedthechocolatecake.我们很快就吃完了巧克力蛋糕。n.amessagecarriedbyagovernmentofficial,orsenttoanewspaperbyoneofitswriters.Tosend/carryadispatchfromRometoLondon从罗马向伦敦发电讯稿；把急件从罗马送到伦敦22/50Constitute:

compose,forme.g.FiftystatesconstitutetheUSA.Compare:Comprise,compose,consist,constituteCompose:组成部分+整体England,Scotland,andWalescomposetheislandofGreatBritain.

Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.Constitute:组成部分+整体（有时组成一个同等关系）England,Scotland,Wales,andNorthernconstitutetheUnitesKingdom.Thisconstitutesarealproblem.(=Thisisarealproblem.)Comprise:整体+组成部分或组成部分+整体Thecommitteecomprisestenpersons.Eighteendepartmentscomprisethefamousuniversity.Consist(vi.):整体+组成部分Waterconsistsofhydrogenandoxygen.23/50

APithyFormula湖边数目rim树后坐着him压低帽brim假装把书skim天色渐渐dim心仪美眉slim见她眼神grim佯装把头发trim可怜头发成victim24/50Theyhavebeenburnedbylight–technicallyspeaking,bythe“thermalpulse”-andtheirbodiesarebrandedwithpatternsoftheirclothes,whoseclothsabsorblightindifferentdegrees.Technicallyspeaking,theyhavebeenburnedbythermalpulse–akindoflight.Therefore,ontheirbodies,youcanoftenseethepatternsoftheirclothes,becausedifferentcolorsofthepatternsabsorbdifferentamountoflight.25/50technicallyspeaking(danglingparticiple)分词短语在句子中做状语时，其逻辑主语（或隐含主语）通常应是整个句子主语；假如不是，而且其本身也不带自己主语（如在独立主格结构中），就被认为是一个语言失误。这个分词就叫做“悬垂分词”。但少数悬垂分词已被接收，如：generally/specifically/simplyspeaking26/50Brandvt.(1)labelormarkwithorasifwithabrande.g.Thecattlearebrandedwiththefarmer’sinitials.这个农民给他牛烙上了自己姓名首字母。(2)Tomarkwithdisgraceorinfamy;stigmatize.It’sunfairtobrandallfootballsupportersastroublemakers.给全部球迷都加上闹事者污名是不公平(3)ToimpressfirmlyImageryofthewarhasbrandeditselfintothenationalconsciousness.战争印象深深地铭刻在人民脑海里Hisunhappychildhoodhasbrandedhimforhischaracter.他不愉快童年给他性格留下了终生烙印。27/50Heap

n.(1)adisorderlypileormassofthingsoneonoftheothere.g.Thebookslayinaheaponthefloor.书堆放在地板上。(2)(oftenfollowedby`of')alargenumberoramountorextent

Aheapofdirtyclotheswaitingtobewashed一堆要洗衣服Wehaveheapsoftime.我们有很多时间。Bestruck/knockedallofaheaptobeverysurprisedorconfused.被惊呆，慌作一团28/50aheap/pile/massof(books)aheapofbooksaheapofbooksapileofbooksamassofbooks29/50Athirdshowsagirlwhohassomehowsurvivedunwounded

standingintheopenmouthofabombshelterandsmilinganunearthlysmile,shockinguswiththesightofordinarylife,whichotherwiseseemstohavebeenleftbehindforgoodinthesceneswearewitnessing.structureanalysis:unwounded做survived补语；standing…shelter/smiling…smile做agirl定语;shocking…分词短语作结果状语；which引导非限定性定语从句修饰前面一整句话。30/50forgood=forevereg.Hesaysthatheisleavingthecountryforgood.Completeform:forgoodandall31/50经典考题Mrs.Lackeywasawokenbytheringingofthebedsidephone12hoursafterherhusband’sboathadbeen____.A)wreckedB)collapsedC)decayedD)firedA.Mrs.Lackey床边电话响了，把她从睡梦中惊醒，那时在她丈夫失事12小时后。collapse“坍毁，瓦解”decay“腐烂，衰退”

32/50wreckagen.theremainingpartsofsomethingthathasbeenwrecked

Eg.theysearchedthewreckageforsignsofsurvivors“wreckn.(1)somethingorsomeonethathassufferedruin(2)anaccident(usuallyinvolvingoneormorevehicles)v.(1)smashorbreakforcefully(2)sufferfromanaccident33/50HistoricPresent(alsocalleddramaticpresentornarrativepresent)referstotheemploymentofthepresenttensewhennarratingpastevents.

Besidesitsuseinwritingabouthistory,especiallyinhistoricalchronicles(listingaseriesofevents),itisusedinfiction,for'hotnews'(asinheadlines),andineverydayconversation.Literarycriticsandgrammarianshavesaidthatthehistoricalpresenthastheeffectofmakingpasteventsmorevivid.34/50HistoricPresentExample:InanexcerptfromDickens'DavidCopperfield,wecanseetheshiftfromthepasttensetothehistoricalpresentgivesthesenseofimmediacy,asofarecurringvision,alsomakesthenarrativesmorevivid:“Ifthefuneralhadbeenyesterday,Icouldnotrecollectitbetter.Theveryairofthebestparlour,whenIwentinatthedoor,thebrightconditionofthefire,theshiningofthewineinthedecanters,thepatternsoftheglassesandplates,thefaintsweetsmellofcake,theodourofMissMurdstone’sdress,andourblackclothes.Mr.Chillipisintheroom,andcomestospeaktome.'AndhowisMasterDavid?'hesays,kindly.Icannottellhimverywell.Igivehimmyhand,whichheholdsinhis.(ChapterIX)”35/50PartIIQuestions:WhydoestheauthorsaysthebombingofNagasakiisthefittersymbolofthenuclearperil?Whyorwhynot?whatshouldwedoinadditiontoapprehendingthenuclearperil?36/50Comeintoone’sown

toshowone’strueworthorabilities.E-C:Onslipperyroads,thistoughlittlecarreallycomesintoitsown.这辆坚固小车在易打滑路面上真是显示出它优点。Hisstudyhasnotyetcomeintoitsown.他研究依然没有得到应有认可。

Hewrotesuccessfulnovelsbefore,buthereallycomeintohisownwiththelatestone.他从前写过一些成功小说，但在最近一部中他才真正充分发挥了自己专长。 37/50Similarphrasesas“inaflash”

inasplitsecond

inasecondinablinkinaflash

inawink

inamoment

inaninstant

inaminute

38/50NagasakihasalwaysbeenintheshadowofHiroshima,asifthehuamnimaginationhadstumbledtoexhaustioninthewreckageofthefirstruinedcitywithoutreachingeventheoutskirtsofthesecond.NagasakeislessfamousthanHiroshima,asifthehumanimaginationhadbeenexhaustedandstoppedatthewreckageofthefirstruinedcityandfailedtoreacheventheoutskirtsofNagasaki.39/50stumble:v.walkunsteadily/missastepandfallornearlyfall

eg.~overatoneThegirlfinishedthewhiskyandthenstumbledupstairsandintobed.[搭配]stumbleon/over绊在某物上stumbleat/overaword说话结结巴巴stumbleacross偶然碰到，恰巧找到40/50Ifyoukeepyoureyessofixedonheaventhatyouneverlookattheearth,youwillstumbleintohell.Ifyoualwayslookbeyondtherangeofthereality,youwilltrapyourselfinaplight(asituationfromwhichisdifficultespeciallyanunpleasantortryingone

).假如你眼睛总盯着天堂而不看地面，你会跌入地狱。41/50Pleasedistinguish:stagger/stumble/totter42/50Hangover

(esp.ofanunpleasantevent)tobeabouttohappenorseemlikelytohappensoonE-C:Theprospectofdefeatisnowhangingoverthem./ThethreatofwarhungoverEuropefor21years./Aneconomiccrisiswashangingoverthecapitalistworld.

43/50Eachpicturethereforeseemednotsomuchanimageofsomethingthathappenedahalf-centuryagoas

awindow…

notsomuchAasB=notsomuchAbut(rather)BEachpictureseemednotanimageofsomethingthathappenedacenturyagobutawindowthatwasfixedintothewallofthephotographycentershowingwhatcouldeasilyhappentoNYsoon.44/50Theknightisnotsomuchbraveasre