现代大学英语(第二版) 精读2 第1单元知识点

Unit1

TextAAnotherSchoolYearWhatFor?

Part1Background

I.Abouttheauth(j6hnCiardi(191986)

A.Hislife:

achildofItalianimmigrants,Boston

BeganhiscareerteachingEnglishattheUniversityofKansasCityJoinedtheUSAir

Forcein1942,servedasagunnerinfighterplaneswentontoteachatHarvard

Universityin1946

in1953acceptedapositionatRutgersUniversity

in1961,gaveupteachinganddevotedhimselftohisownliteraryendeavors

B.Hisinfluence:

Poet,translator,etymologistMajor

works:

FirstbookofpoeHisrpewardtoAmerica1940

OtherSkie3focusingonh^ianieexperience,1947

HowDoesaPoemMean,astandardtextbookforhighschoolandcollegepoetrycoTranslationof

Dant©证neComedy(TheInfenpl954ThePurgatorp1961^TheParadiso,1970)

Influence:

Averypopularpoet

PoetryeditorSafurdayReviefcrom1956to1972

FellowoftheNationalAcademyofArtsandSciencesandamemberandformerpresident

oftheNationalInstituteofArtsandLetters

II.Genre

Orientationspeech

periodoftimeatthebeginningoftheacademianj©arsityaduringwhichavarietyofeventsareheldto

orientandwelcomenewstudents.Thoaientatidinelpsnewstudentstoorganizetheiiclasses^cclimateto

studenflife^ndintroducdhemselvestoothernewstudents.Speechesareoftengivenatorientationby

presidentsoracclaimedprofesuniversity.

Audience:Collegefreshmen

Style:colloquial,familiar;firsthumorous,mildlysarcastic;laterseriousandea

•b

Part2WordStudy

1.accomplishmentn.

①achievement成就；成绩

Booksareman'speculiaraccomplishment.特有的成就。

②theactoffinishingsth.completelyand

③askillorspecial通超技艺；专长

★Cognate:accomplishv完成accomplished时•才华高的；技艺高超的；熟练的

2.acquirev.togain;togetforoneselfbyone's得，得至U适时端而、能力、行为表现)获

Throughbooksyoucanacquireatleastfragmentsofthemindandexperienceof...(para.

通过书本，你能获得一些……的思想。

★Collocatio:nacquireatastefor开^某陟n

acquiredtas窥泊勺爱好

★CF:acquire,obtain,gain

acquire强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语

用词。

obtain较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。

gain侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益、好处。

3.arrogantlyadv.behavinginaproudandinqMrtant；自大地

ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,...(para.12)

……，或者对自己的局限不以为耻反以为荣......

★Cognatearrogantadj傲，慢的，自大的arrogancen傲“曼，自大

arrogatev妄称；擅取

★CF:arrogantly,haughty,proud,vain,cocky

arrogan用于贬义，指过高估计自己，以至骄傲自大或傲慢无礼，目中无人。haughty较

正式用词，多用于贬义。指对身份或地位比自己低的人采取冷淡、轻视或鄙视的态度。

proud含义广，普通用词。褒义指自豪和荣耀以及强烈的自尊；贬义则指傲慢，自以为

是或自鸣得意。

vain指一个对自己的外表或对自己留给别的印象太过分地关注，以致自命不凡，自鸣得

JlAjXO

cocky指过分自信的；自以为是的。

4.assumev.

①totakeasafact;tos悔励段设;认为

Assumeyouhavegonethroughpharmacyschool.障设|疆)完了制药的课程...

.2.

②totakeorbegintohavepowerorrespo^®^）;取得（权力）

★CollocationItis/wasassumedth扒....

Ifsgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbyt蠲扇的vo盛.张是T作过重所致。

★Cognate:assumptionn假设;承担

★CF:assume,presume,support,guess,postulate

assume指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。presume

侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。

suppose常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实，根据一些现象进行的推测，也可指为论

证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有时仅表示自己的意见。

guess常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。

postulat蜀3证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。

5.availableadj.

（Dabletobebought,usedoreasily卷S的;可获得的；可找到的

Weareheretomakeavailabletoyou,asbestwecan,thatexpertise.（para.14）我们教师的任务就

是尽最大努力使你们能够获得那些知识和技能。

②（ofaperson）freetoseeortalk^^^bple

★Cognate:availability.有效性;可用性

6.average

①v.tocalculatetheaverage^）算出i.....的平均数

YourdaysaregoingtoaverageouttoioufcLli\^dirtL^s（para.4）你这一辈子，每

天大概平均有二十四个小时。

②adj.calculatedbyaddingseveralamountstogether,findingatotal,anddividing

thenumberofamount羽匀的

（3）n.theresultofaddingseveralamountstogether,findingatotal,anddividingthnumberofamounts平均

数

★Collocatio:naverageou平均数为

anaverageof..........的平均数

anaveragerate/cost/p^^嬴率成本价格

7.bulln.anadultanimalofthecattle愈锦ily

thatthebulldoesn'tjumpthefence,....（p胸像牛不会跳进篱笆里，....

★CF:bull,ox,steer,cow

bull公牛（未阉割）；ox公牛（阉牛）；steer食用牛；cow母牛、奶牛

★Collocatio:nabullneck（公牛般的）短俎脖子

abullinachinas环顾环境）笨拙莽撞的人，冒失鬼take

thebullbytheSI故就对困境（或险境）

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★Others:theYearofthe^Qx年

thespiritofth三蛹青（神）:servingthepeopl孺^4=0；drivinginnovative

developmentox拓（荒牛）;workingtirelessl^^x牛Q

8.certifyv.tostatethatsth.istrueorcorrect,esp.afterwouldcertify窥test

thathespecializedinpharmacy,...（para.2）

这份证书证明他接受过制药的专门训练，……

★Cognate:certificatiai证明，鉴定certificatB证明（书）；文凭；结业证书

★CF:certify,testify,verify,justify

certif偏重评判合格性，除此之外，它还有给别人发证书之意。

testif偏向于测定性能、指标，还有在法庭上作证的意思；verify

重于核实，检查、校验状况；

justif裁判、判定公平性、正确性等，还有使（文本）对齐的意思。

9.civilizedadj.

①havinganadvanced;开化的

Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneknowinordertobea

civilizedhuman,（para.10）

人的一生时间十分短暂，不足以让他自己创造成为一个文明人需要知道的一切知识。

©educatedandrefin育敢养的

★Cognate:civilizev.使文明；使有教养civilization.文明

★Antonym:uncivilizeda4j.未开化的；无教养的

10.containv.

①tohavesth.insideorasp包含gf含有;容纳

Acivilizedmindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchwor（para.12）

一个文明人的头脑，从本质上说，必须包括很多这样的生活和很多这样的世界。

②tokeepyourfeelingsunderc拗制）1克制，抑制（感情）

★CollocatiaicontainoneseQ^I];克制某人自己

11.continuityn.thestateofbeingcontin遹6更性；持续性

Ifyouhavenotime...forthecontinuityofthefinearts,...（para.9）如果你没时间了解艺

术发展的过程……

★Collocatiaiensure/provide/maintaincontinuit确儒是供保持...的连续性

★Cognate:continuev持续；继续存在continued码继续不变的；连续不断的

continuous河不断的；延伸的

★Antonym:discontinuity!!.不连贯；不连续

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12.democraticadj.

①basedontheideathateveryoneshouldhaveequalrightsandshouldbeinvolvediimportantdecision

主的

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdeintellect?(par^§)一

家之主，你能让你的家人对我们伟大的民主思想有所了解吗？

②(ofacountry^tate^ystem,etc.^ontrolletiyrepresentative)areelectecbythe

peopleofacountry;connectedwiththi^韭般m民主政体的；民主制度的

③basedontheprinciplethatallmembersofsocietyareequalratherthandivided

orsocialc嘀民主精神的；平等的

★Collocatio:nademocraticcountry/sys^fe国家民主制度

democraticparticipation/dec^^^^决策

ademocraticsocie健全社会democratic改革

★Cognate:democracyn民主；民主政体；民主制度democratn民主主义者

13.employv.

①(heretospendtimedoing梅底间布攵...

Thenforabouteighthoursofeachworkingdayyouwill,Ihope,beusuallyemplo每个工作B,你大

约需要工作八小时，我希望你会用来做些有用的事。

②togivesb.ajobtodofor^^ient

③tousesth.suchasaskill,methodetc.forapa施闲l;a运阅

★Collocatio:nbeemployedindoing于；忙况伯

★Cognate:employeen雇员employern雇主

employable哂具备受雇条件的；适宜雇用的

employment口职业；工作；受雇；就业

14.enrollv.toofficiallyarrangetojoinaschoolor噬^注册;登记

Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinechatt僻kteol,…侬讯2)我可以向他指出，他

进的不是一所制药学校……

★Cognate:enrolleen入学者；被录用者enrollmentn入学，注册，登记队数)

15.essencen.themostimportantqualityorfeature.(S^h实质;精髓

Acivilizemdindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchworlds,(para.12)

一个文明人的头脑，从本质上说，必须包括很多这样的生活和很多这样的世界。

★Collocatiaiinessenc本质上；实质上oftheesse成钎可少；非常重要

★Cognate:essentialadj.必不可少的；本质的n.必需品；实质

essentiallyadv.本质上；根本上；基本上

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16.expertisen.skillinaparticular蔺马翅识;专门技能;专长

Weareheretomakeavailabletoyou,asbestwecan,thatexpertise.（para.14）我们教师的任务就

是尽最大努力使你们能够获得那些知识和技能。

★Collocatio:nexpertiseinsth./doin在sth.方面的专长，专门技能

★Cognate:expertn专家；行家前熟练的；专家的；内行的

17.facultyn.

①（AmE）alltheteachersofauniversity某扈^全体教师

NewasIwastothefaculty,...我也墀）然是个初出茅庐的新教师，...

②adepartmentorgroupofrelateddepartmentsina籁4碇（

③aparticularabilityfordo|霞上闻能

★Collocatio:ntheFacultyofArts/Science^制邮完理学院法学院

★Identifiablegenusstaffn全

体职工（或雇员）

castn.（一出戏剧或一部电影的）全体演员crew

n.（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员

18.fragment

①n.asmallpieceo廨由;片段

Throughbooksyoucanacquireatleastfragmentsofthemindandexperienceof...（pa通过书本，你能获

得一些……的思想。

②v.tobreakormakesth.breakintosmallpie磁时卒,份裂

★Cognate:firagmentaryacy.残缺不全的；不完整的firagmentationn.破碎；分裂

fragmented叫分裂的；破碎的

19.generatev.toproduc产生;引起

...thathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshisto

……他曾接触过一些人类发展史上产生的思想。

★Collocatio:ngenerateelectricity/heat/^^er产生热励力generate

income/prof?生收益利润

★Cognate:generationn.舱旨电、热等的产生generatorn发电机

★CF:generate,create,produce,form,developgenerate指

创造或产生电、财富、主意。

create指创造、创作、创建原本不存在的东西。

produce指生产、制造商品；运用技巧制作、造出。

form指用某种物品制作、组成、制成另一种物品。

develop指开发、研制产品，由用于商务语境。

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20.graduate

①adjoforconcerningapersonwhohasauniversO^型解e

...andIwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniveKansasCity,(para.l)

……我当时研究生刚毕业，开始在堪萨斯市大学教书。

②n.apersonwhohasauniversity发度转业生；学士学位获得者

③v.tocompleteacourseinedu^lbn

★Collocatio:ngraduateschooflj^生院

agraduatein学士agraduatestude^^生

graduatefrom..从...毕业

21.grind

(Dv.(ground,ground)tocrushintosmallpiecesorpowderbypressingbetweenhard磨碎;碾碎;

把……磨成粉

Itwouldnotread:QualifiSdiBiilhgTechnician,是，合格的药剂师

②n.anactivitythatistiringorboringandt徽田乍；苦差事

★Collocatio:ngrinddown折磨，磨损grindsb.dow帐时间)虐待、欺压某人

grindon令人厌烦地继续grindsth.0鬓生产(长指粗制滥造)

bringsth.toagrindin镇礴亭下来

grindtoahalt/cometoagrindf量慢

dailygrinffl常琐事

22.humanityn.

①thequalitiesofbeing岫谴n仁慈

toacceptasagifttoyourhumanitysomepiecesofthemindsofAristotle,...

……，因而没有接受包里士多德……等人的某些思想作为你为人知道的礼物……

②peopleingene图称0人；人类

③thestateofbeingapersonratherthanagod,ananimal/^ftamachine

★Cognate:humannAadj犬勺；有人情味的humaneaj.人道的；仁慈的

humanismn人文中义

23.implicitlyadv.

①inanimpliedwd畲蓄地

Thefaculty,byitsveryexercise,saysimplicitly...(para.14)高校教师存在的

本身就暗示了这一点……

②inacompleteway;undoubted9地；毫无疑问

★Cognate:implicita4j.含蓄的；完全的

★Synonym:absolutelyadv.绝对地;完全地

★Antonym:explicitlyadv.明白地；明确地

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24.incompetencen.lackoftheskillorabilitytodoyourjoborataskasitshouldbe无能

orthatyourclientdoesn'tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompet

……(就要确保)你的委托人不会因为你的无能而上了电椅。

★Cognate:incompetent8.无能力的；不胜任的；不称职的

competencen能力，资格

25.inevitableadjcertaintohappenandimposs帝国避免的

Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,...(para.9)我们的大学不可

避免地会有一些这样的人毕业……

★Collocatio:ninevitable趋势inevitable果

★Cognate:inevitablyadv.必可避免地；必然地inevitabilitny.必然性

26.intellectn.

©powerofthough思隹能力

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocintellect?(para.6)

身为一家之主，你能让你的家人对我们伟大的民主思想有所了解吗？

②averyintelligent高的人；才智超群的人

★Cognate:intellectuakij智力的；有才智的n.知识分子；脑力劳动者

intelligencen.智力；才智；智慧

intelligenhdj有才智的;聪明的

27.inventv.toproduceordesignsth.thathasnotexist^B3)p®l^

ThereisnottimeenoughinasingleMetanenforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobea

civilizedhuman,(para.10)

人的一生时间十分短暂，不足以让他自己创造成为一个文明人需要知道的一切知识。

★Cognate:inventionn.发明;创造

28.literaladj.

①inthebasicmeaningof义的

andittakesyouintoaworldyouhavenotthetimetotravelinliteraltime.

……，它能把你带进一个你在现实生活中不可能去旅游的世界。

②thatfollowstheoriginalwords急拿嘛文茁］

★Collocatio:naliteraltransl直培n

★Cognateliterature文学；文学作品literarjadj文学的；文学上的

literateaq.有读写能力的；有文化的

29.limitationn.

①alimitonwhatsb./sth.candoorhowgoodthey局限tcanbe

ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,...(para.12)

……,或者对自己的局限不以为耻反以为荣，……

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②theactorprocessoflimitingorcontrol®g.

★Cognate:limit珅艮度v限制；限定limited时有限的

limitlessa4j.无限制的；无止境的

★Synonym:restriction,control,constraintPffl^tfR^t30.maintainv.

①tocontinuetohaveas保持

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdeintellect?(para.6)

身为一家之主，你能让你的家人对我们伟大的民主思想有所了解吗？

②tokeepsth.ingoodconditionbycheckingorrepairin维修娓鼐rly

③tosupportsb./sth.overalongperiodoftimebygivingmoney,借帚薪船food,

★Collocatio:nmaintainlawandorder/standards/a罐热发;保持水平平衡

★Cognate:maintenancen.保养，维护

★Synonym:preservev.维护;保养

31.mechanizev.tochangetheprocesssothattheworkisdonebymachinesratherthapeople机械化;

使机械化

Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,...(para.9)你)将变成那种新

型的机械化的野蛮人，……

★Cognate:mechanization!!机械化

★Synonym:automatev使自动化

32.neverthelessadv.inspiteoftha於管如此;不过;然而

Nevertheless,IwasyoungandIhadahighsenseofdutyandItriedtoputitint尽管如此，我当时很年

轻，有很强的的责任心，所以就试着这么跟他解释……

★Synonym:nonethelessadv.尽管如此

33.peculiaradj.

①belongingonlytoaparticularperson;卿殊的

Booksareman'speculiaraccomplishment.(甫特有的成就。

②strangeorunusual,especiallyinawaythatisunpleasal|；^^g男常的不

★Collocatio:nforsomepeculiarrea圉于某种奇怪的原因

★Cognate:peculiarlyadv.特有地；特别地peculiarityn.

特异的性质(习惯)；怪癖

★Synonym:particulara4j.特别的；独特的unique通独特的

odd哂奇怪的;怪异的

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34.penetratingadj.

①showingtheabilitytounderstandthingsclearly潦刻白句职]^^勺

Willthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathome?（para.6）在家里你的孩子能

受到一些理智而又深邃的想法的熏陶吗？

©（ofsb/esyesorthewaytheylookatyou）makingyoufeeluncomfortablebecausethepersonseems

toknowwhatyouarethiif牖或眼神）锐利的；犀利的；尖利的

③（ofasoundorvoice）loudand旗a嗓音）响亮的;尖厉的

©spreadingdeeplyorwid瑞漫的;渗透的

★Collocatio:napenetratingcomment/criticism/qu^金曲评论；入木三分的批评；尖锐的

问题

apenetratinggaze/look/^^^Q的）疑视目光力主视

thepenetratingcold/d釉霞勺寒气;彳艮重的湿气

★Cognate:penetratev穿过;洞察;渗透penetrationn.穿透;渗透penetrativea中深

入的；彻底的penetrable喃可被穿透的；能穿透的

35.presidev.tolead;tobein（会议、仪式等）；担任（会议）主席

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilymdmtainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellect?（par彝

为）一家之主，你能让你的家人对我们伟大的民主思想有所了解吗？

★Collocation:thepresidingju营席法官presideat/overafe......

★Synonym:chairv.担任（会议、讨论等的）主席；主持（会议、讨论等）36.professional

①adjrelatingotheworkthatapersondoesforanoccupationpsp.workthatrequiresspecialtrainffi^]/

的；专业的

...duringthoseeighthoursyouwillbeusingyourprofessionalskills,（para.5）在这八小时里，你会

使用你的专业技术。

②n.apersonwhodoesajobthatneedsspecialtrainingandahigh庵间乐feducation员;专业人士;专

家

★Cognate:profession!!职业

37.pursuitn.

（Dsomethingthatyougiveyourtimeandenergyto,thatyo^血;ho®&

Theyareallusefulpursuits.速3^^）非常有用的职业。

②theactoftryingtoachievesth.ina最

③theactoffollowingorchas追赶胡宗；追捕

★Collocatio:ninhotpursu霜不舍

outdoor/leisure/artisticp应即献npursuit；休闲活动；业余爰好

of翻谋物

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38.qualifiedadj.havingsuitableknowledgeorexperiencerequiredforapart匾larjob备...的学历

(或资质)

Itwouldnotread:QualifiSdiBiilhgTechnician,(pa^^)是'玲格的药剂师

★Collocatio:nbequalifiedfor有.....的资格，适合担任....

behighly/suitably/fullyqu勰子矣全符合资格

*Cognate:qualifyv取得资格或学历)；合格qualificatk资格；资历；学历

39.raisev.

①(AmE)tocareforachildoryounganimaluntilitisabl抚舞;t墙膏qa^^fitself

Whatsortoffamilyareyouraising?他密箭育你的孩子？

②toliftormovesth.toah遢和k雌^;提起

(3)toincreasetheamountorlevel增力8t|)^(数量、水平等)

④tobringorcollectmoneyorpeopletogether;tomanageto5th•召集;组建

★Collocatio:nraisesalaries/prices才薪水价格税金

raiseone飞hopc/vjl^^g人的希望提高某人的嗓门raise

money/anarm^戋组建军队

40.rear

①v.tocareforapersonorananimaluntiltheya就养］球意养Alongwith

everythingelse,andrearsyourchildren,(para.5)除此之夕卜，.,抚养你的

子女。

(2)n.thebackparto昭鄙

③adjatorneartheback;后部的

★Collocationrearsb./sth.on用h....QD畏养；(以...娱乐，培养

thefrontandthe前后Bbringupthe逋§在队尾；殿后

sth.rearsits(ugly)讨城的事6葡出现，发生

★Cognate:rearingn抚养；养育；培养

★Synonym:raisev.抚养；培育；养育

41.resourcesn.p^possessionsintheformofwealth,property,skillsetc.Matyouh

源；财力

…，soitistrueofmankind'sspiritualresou喝舶勺精就^^2也是如此。

★Collocatio:nhuman/naturalresourc表力自然资源pool

theresourc集中资源

42.sensitiveadj.

①abletounderstandorappreciateart,music,感曲随曲r艺术感觉好的；有悟性的

Willtherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshudderin

会有一幅能让一个具有一定鉴赏力的人看了不至于不寒而栗的画吗？

•1b

②awareofandabletounderstandotherpeopleandth懒占的ql体蝴的;善解人意的

③easilyoffendedoru阂能气的；易被惹恼的；神经过敏的

④reactingquicklyormorethanusua@J^^|h.过敏的

★Collocatio:nasensitiveport栩殿□生的画像

besensitiveto对！….敏感;对....过敏

besensitiveabout^h.…过敏

★Cognate:sensitivity体贴;敏感的觉悟

★Antonym:insensitivea4j沫意识到的；漠不关心的

43.shudderv.

①toshakeuncontrollablyforam®i寒玲(、害怕或激动而)发抖，打颤，战栗

Willtherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshuddering?会有——幅能让——个

具有一定鉴赏力的人看了不至于不寒而栗的画吗？

②(ofavehicle,machine,etc.)toshake^5nMd枫强烈的震动、剧烈白以斗动

★Collocatio:nshudderwith/at画^....而发抖

shuddertothink想..至U.就发抖

44.skilln.

①particularabilityortypeo歧粒瞬日

...duringthoseeighthoursyouwillbeusingyourprofessionalskills,(para.5)在这，'小时里，你会

使用你的专业技术。

②theabilitytodo技艺

★Collocatiaiskillin/atsth./doi做.巧

★Cognate:skillfida4j.技术好的；制作精良的；处理巧妙的skilled

期有技能的；熟练的

45.specializev.tospendmostofyourtimestudyingoneparticular超或从事);专政

Itwouldcertifythathespecializedinpharmacy,...(para.2)

这份证书证明他接受过制药的专门训练，……

★Cognate:specialaj特别的；特殊的；专用的

specializedacy.专用的；专业的；专门的

specialization.特殊化；专门化

46.specimenn.

(D(hear)apersonwhoisunusualinsomewayandhasaqualityofaparticulakrind具有...特性的

人；……的典型

NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings,(pa

我当时虽然是个初出茅庐的新教师，可我也能告诉这位一些理由。

-12-

②asmallamountofsth.thatshowswhattherest^®；^

③asignalexampleofsth.,especiallyananimal龙指前重1物的）（单一实例

★Synonym:sample羊本；小羊品

47.spiritualadjrelatedtoyourspiritratherthantoyourbody癫也'灵的

soitistrueofmankind'sspiritualresourcejA值省的精本申）资源也是如此。

★Collocatio:nspiritualwelf4i0健康yourspiritualhoi窿神家园

★Cognate:spiritn.精神spiritualitny精神性

48.store

①v.tokee贮存；贮藏；保存

Mostoftheseresources,bothtechnicalandspiritual,arestoredinbooks,（para这些资源，无论是技

术上的，还是精神上的，大部分都储存在书本里。

②n.alargeshopthatsellsmanydifferentty该型巨前肉店（

★Collocatio:nstoresth.away/储存;储藏；保存

set/put（great）store时嗡看重（，重视（某事物）

49.stuckadj.

①notknowingwhattodoinaparticular^©§曲（为某事）犯愁

...becauseyou^goingtobebadlystuckforsomethingtodowhenyou'motsigningchecks,（para.8）

因为除了签购物支票，你就不会知道怎么打发时间。

②unabletomoveortobemo或不了；无法移动；卡住；陷住

★Collocatio:ngetstuckin/getstuckin|i盼彼g劲地干起某事；（尤指）大吃起来

50.sufficev.tobeenouggfil^;足以

Theywillbeyourincome,andmayitalwayssuffice,（para.5）它彳门各成为彳尔

的收入来源，但愿你的收入永远够用。

★Collocatio:nsufficetodo圆蓊攵某事

suffice（it）tosay（国窿…说；只需说...就够了

★Cognate:sufficiencyn.足量，充足sufficienta4j.足够的

51.unaidedadj.withouthelpfromanyoneoranyth3fc^fl勺;无夕卜援的

Noonegetstobeahumanbeingunaided.（para.10）没有一个

人能够不经帮助就成为一个真正的人。

★Cognateaidn九帮助；援助

Part3TextAnalysis

I-Theme:Whatisthepurposeofuniversityeducation?University

educationhasatwo-fdldpurpose

Toprovidestudentswithtechnical&professionaltrainingToeducate

studentstobecomecivilizedhumanbeings

13-

II.Structure

PartI:Story(Pa8>.1

Thewriter'sencounterwithastudentandhisfailuretoconvincehimthatapharmaneedstoreadgreat

writers.

PartII:Argument陶图)9

thetwefoldpurposeofuniversityeducation

III.DetailedAnalysis

PartI:

A.MainIdea

Retelltheteacher9sencounterwiththestudent.

Occasion,student9sappearance&question,whattheteacherhasinmindandwhatsays,student9s

response

Whatisthestudent9sattitudetowardsreadingShakespeareandtowardstheteacher?textualevidence.

Whatistheteacher'sattitudetowardsthestudent?Findtextualevidence.

HowdoestheteachertrytoexplaintothestudenttheimportanceofreadingliteratHowdoyou

understandtheteacherafcfferentiatirfithethreeeighthoursandhis

emphasisonthelastthirdbesidesworkandsleep?

B.SentenceParaphrase

L...IwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKaCity,(para.l)

...IhadjustcompletedmygraduatestudiesandbeganteachingattheUniversityofKans

2.Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinam南崛stoeschool,butinacollegeand

thatattheendofhiscoursehemeanttoreachforascrollthatreadBachelorofScience,(para.2)

IcouldhavetoldhimthathewasnownotgettingtrainingforajobinatechnicalschdoingaB.S.ata

university.

3.Itwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathadbeenexposed

tosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory,(para.2TheB.S.certificatewouldbe

officialproofthattheholderhadspecialknowledgeofbutitwouldalsoprovethathe/shehad

learned/absorbedsomeprofoundideasofthepas

4.Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasn'tgoingtobearoundenoughforitto

matter,(para.3)

Ididn'tactuallysayallthistohim,becauseIdidn'tthinkhewouldstayatcollegsoitwouldn'tbeimportant

whetherornotheknewwhatuniversityeducationwasfor.

-14-

5.Youwillseetoitthatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin,thatthebulldoesn'tfence,orthatyour

clientdoesn'tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincYouhavetotakeresponsibilityforthework

youdo.Ifyouareapharmacist,youshsurethataspirinisnotmixedwithpoisonouschemicals.Asan

engineer,youshouldthatthefenceyoudesignforinstancewillsuccessfullykeepoutbulls.Ifyoubeeyou

shouldmakesureaninnocentpersonisnotsentencedtodeathbecauseyoulacklegalknowledgeandskill

todefendyourclient.

PartII:

A.MainIdea

Howdoesthewriterpresenthisargumentiindtjiarg?

Educationisanessentialpartofthepurposeofuniversity&theconsequenceotobeeducated

Inordertobeeducated,oneneedstolearnfromthepast(example:MIT)

Booksareanimportantcarrierofthepast,andprovidepeoplewithavarietyoThemissionof

universityistoeducatethestudents.

B.SentenceParaphrase

1.IfyouhavenotimeforShakespeare,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuthefinearts,for

thatlessonofman5sdevelopmentwecallhistory-thenyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege,(para.9)

Ifyoudon'twanttoimproveyourmindandbroadenyourhorizonbystudyingalittlphilosophy,thefine

artsandhistory,youshouldn'tbestudyinghereatcollege.

2.Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-button

Neanderthal,(para.9)

Youwillsoonbecomeanuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyworkmachinesandmechanical

equipment,notknowinganythingaboutliterature,philosophy,history,or

3.Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidtheywentto

college;ratherthecollegewentthroughthem—withoutmakingcontact.AnumberofsuchpuEhutfcn

savagesgetcollegedegrees.Wecannothelpthat.Buteventheirdegrees,wecan'tsaythatthesepeople

havereceivedapropercollegeeducataccuratetosaythattheypassthroughcol