陕西省宝鸡教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期开学摸底考试试卷(一)英语试题【含答案】

2024届高三摸底考试试卷(一)英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。5.本卷主要考查内容：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchwillthemanlendthewoman?A.3dollarsB.5dollars.C.8dollars.2.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.3.WhatdidthewomandoduringtheSpringFestival?A.Shemetoldfriends.BShejuststayedathome.C.Shehadatripwithherfamily.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthedormitory.C.Inthecanteen.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Antarcticwaters.B.Antarcticanimals.C.Antarcticenvironment.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’s-daughter?A.Hard-working.B.Creative.C.Determined.7.Whatdoesthewoman’sdaughterstudyatuniversity?A.Biology.B.Chemistry.C.Music.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomanlikecooking?A.Shedoesn’tlikediningout.B.Shecangetasenseofsatisfactionfromcooking.C.Shelikesinvitingherfriendstoherhousetohavedinner.9.Whatisthewomanlearningtocookthesedays?A.Italianfood.B.Indianfood.C.Chinesefood.10.Wherewasthewomanjustnow?A.Atasupermarket.B.Athome.C.Athermother’shouse.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoesthewomantaketheclass?A.Inher-school.B.Inalibrary.C.Inacollege.12.WhydoesJameswanttolearnSpanish?A.Toworkatauniversity.B.Togetabetteraccent.C.TovisitArgentina.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Guideandtourist.C.Teacherandstudent.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemaintransportationintheman’svillage?ATheplane.B.Theboat.C.Thecar15.Whattypeofworkdomanypeopleintheman’svillagedonow?A.Theyfishinaboat.B.Theydobusinessonline.C.Theymaketoolsbyhand.16.Howdoesthemanliketheoldlifestyle?A.It’seasy.B.It’sexciting.C.It’sboring17.Whatisthemanmostinterestedin?AComputergames.B.Modernclothes.C.Huntingtales.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WheredidChaseseeahomelesspersonforthefirsttime?A.Inalocalpark.B.Atashoppingmall.C.Outsidearestaurant.19.WhatdidChaseandhisfatherdotohelpthehomelessatfirst?A.Theygavethemdrinks.B.Theytookthemouttolunch.C.Theyplayedgameswiththem.20.WhatisthepurposeofProjectEmpathy?A.Togettoknowthehomelessbetter.B.Toofferthehomelessaplacetostay.C.Toencourageotherstohelpthehomeless.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheScienceofYourWellbeingThiscoursecoverstherealscienceofbetterhealthandhappiness.Withevidence-basedadvicefromtheverylatestscientificresearch,you’llfindthetruthaboutnutritionanddiets,exerciseandmentalwellbeing.Whatwillyoulearn?＊Whythebrainmakeshabitshardtobreak.＊Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.＊Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.＊Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy.＊Techniquesinformedbypsychologicalresearchthatyoucanusetoimproveyourlevelofhappiness.Whoisthiscoursesuitablefor?＊Thiscourseissuitableforstudentsatalllevels.＊Youmaybeconsideringacareerinnutritionorfitnessandabasicunderstandingofdiets,nutritionandexercise.＊Manyofourlearnerstakethiscoursetoimprovetheiruniversityapplication.Whoareyourinstructors?＊GilesYeo:He’saprogrammeleaderattheMedicalResearchCouncilMetabolicDiseasesUnitattheUniversityofCambridge,HisfirstbookGeneEatingwaspublishedinDecember2018,andhissecond,WhyCaloriesDon’tCount,cameoutinJune2021.＊JasonGill:He’saprofessorofexerciseandhealthattheUniversityofGlasgow.Hestudiestheeffectsofexerciseanddietsonthepreventionandmanagementofdiseases.＊JackyForsyth:She’sanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofHealth.ScienceandWellbeing,StaffordshireUniversity.Shefocusesondevelopingresearchandstudyonwomeninsportandexercise＊BruceHood:He’saprofessorofDevelopmentalPsychologyinSocietyattheUniversityofBristol,Hisresearchinterestsincludethescienceofhappiness,andinhibitory(抑制性的)controlofthoughtsandactions1.Whichofthefollowingwillyoufailtolearninthiscourse?A.Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.B.Techniquesusedtoimproveyourfinances.C.Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.D.Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy2.Whoconcentratesonresearchonfemalesinsport?A.GilesYeo. B.JasonGill. C.JackyForsyth. D.BruceHood.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anovel.C.Anewsreport. D.Adiaryentry.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了关于健康的科学这门课程的相关内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Whatwillyoulearn?部分列出的几个条目“＊Whythebrainmakeshabitshardtobreak.＊Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.＊Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.＊Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy.＊Techniquesinformedbypsychologicalresearchthatyoucanusetoimproveyourlevelofhappiness.(*为什么大脑让习惯难以改变。*可以帮助你改掉坏习惯的技巧。*改善饮食的可行步骤。*帮助你保持健康的活动。*心理学研究提供的技巧，可以用来提高你的幸福水平)”可知，“Techniquesusedtoimproveyourfinances(用来提升你的经济状况的技术)”并不在你能学习到的内容里面。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的Whoareyourinstructors?这个部分“JackyForsyth:She’sanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofHealth,ScienceandWellbeing,StaffordshireUniversity.Shefocusesondevelopingresearchandstudyonwomeninsportandexercise.(JackyForsyth：她是健康学院的副教授。科学与幸福，斯塔福德郡大学。她专注于开展关于女性运动和锻炼的研究)”可知，JackyForsyth专注于发展女性在运动和健身方面的研究。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章介绍了关于健康的科学这门课程的相关内容。由此推知，文章应该节选自一篇广告。故选A。BLastweekend,myhusbandandIdroveadogtohernewhome.Typically,whenwehaveanewdoginthebackseat,it’sayoungdog.Butthispassengerwasamuchdifferentstory.Magdalenisa13-yearolddog.Herownergaveheruptemporarilywhenhewassick,butwhenhefullyrecoveredseveralmonthslater,hesaidhedidn’twantherback.Hehadhersinceshewasyoungbutnowhadnoplaceforher.Thefamilywhohadgivenheratemporaryhomehadchildrenandotherdogsandwasunabletogiveheraforeverhome.WhenSpeakSt,Louis,therescueteamIworkwith,wascontactedaboutthedog,theyofferedtotakeherin.Shewenttoavet(兽医)forabasichealthcheck.Butthevetdidn’thavegreatnews.Hermouthwasswollen(肿胀的)withallsortsofproblems.Twoteethfelloutduringcleaningandelevenmorehadtobepulledout.Luckily,agoodfriendofmine,adogtrainerwithasoftheartforseniors,hadagreedtoadoptMagdalen.Onthetriptothetrainer’shome,thesweetseniorlookedsorelaxedinourbackseat.Ifeltagreatsenseofreliefandpleasure.Herownerneededsometemporaryhelpwhenhewassick.ButIcan’timaginewhyhewouldn’thavewantedherback.Ithinkofmyowndoganddogswelosttooldageinthepast.We’refamilyandwestaythatwayforever.She’dbeabletoliveagoodlife.Ihoped,inhernewhome!4.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theformerownersofthedog.B.Wherethedogwastreated.C.Whatthedogneededmost.D.Theproblemsthedogmet.5.Whatistheauthor’sjob?A.Trainingolddogs.B.Treatingsickdogs.C.Lookingforhomesfordogs.D.Lookingforlostdogs’owners.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelonherwaytoherfriend’shome?A.Relievedandhappy. B.Nervousandgrateful.C.Surprisedandcurious. D.Hopefulandproud.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMagdalen’sownergivingherup?A.Shedidn’tunderstandhisbehaviour.B.Shebelieveditwaspainfulforhim.C.Shewascertainhewouldregret.D.Shethoughthemadeawisedecision.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者安置一只老龄狗的故事。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thefamilywhohadgivenheratemporaryhomehadchildrenandotherdogsandwasunabletogiveheraforeverhome.WhenSpeakSt,Louis,therescueteamIworkwith,wascontactedaboutthedog,theyofferedtotakeherin.Shewenttoavet(兽医)forabasichealthcheck.Butthevetdidn’thavegreatnews.Hermouthwasswollen(肿胀的)withallsortsofproblems,Twoteethfelloutduringcleaningandelevenmorehadtobepulledout.(给她临时住所的家庭有孩子和其他狗，无法给她一个永远的家。当与我一起工作的救援队SpeakSt,Louis联系到这只狗的情况时，他们表示愿意收留它。她去兽医那里做了基本的健康检查。但是兽医并没有什么好消息。她的嘴因各种问题而肿起来，清洁时掉了两颗牙，又拔了十一颗)”可知，当Magdalen需要一个临时的家的时候，这家人给了它一个家，但是他们有孩子和其它狗狗，他们不能给它一个永远的家，Magdalen也老了，病了。由此可知，本段主要介绍了Magdalen遇到的问题。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lastweekend,myhusbandandIdroveadogtohernewhome.Typically,whenwehaveanewdoginthebackseat,it’sayoungdog.(上周末，我和丈夫开车送一只狗去她的新家。通常情况下，当后座上有一只新狗时，它是一只年轻的狗)”和下文作者找兽医为Magdalen治病，并最终为Magdalen找到收养者可知，作者的工作是为狗狗找新家。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Luckily,agoodfriendofmine,adogtrainerwithasoftheartforseniors,hadagreedtoadoptMagdalen.Onthetriptothetrainer’shome,thesweetseniorlookedsorelaxedinourbackseat.Ifeltagreatsenseofreliefandpleasure.(幸运的是，我的一个好朋友，一个对老狗狗心肠很软的驯狗师，同意收养Magdalen。在去驯狗师家的路上，这位可爱的老狗狗坐在我们的后座上，看起来很放松。我感到一种巨大的宽慰和愉悦)”可知，年迈的Magdalen虽然被原来的主人拋弃了，但作者的一个关心老狗狗的好朋友答应收养它，她在开车送Magdalen去朋友家的路上是感到欣慰和开心的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Herownerneededsometemporaryhelpwhenhewassick.ButIcan’timaginewhyhewouldn’thavewantedherback.Ithinkofmyowndoganddogswelosttooldageinthepast.We’refamilyandwestaythatwayforever.She’dbeabletoliveagoodlife.Ihoped,inhernewhome!(她的主人生病时需要一些临时的帮助。但我想不出他为什么不想让她回来。我想起了我自己的狗和我们过去失去的狗。我们是一家人，永远是一家人。她会过上好日子的。我希望，在她的新家！)”可知，Magdalen原来的主人生病时，他需要一些临时帮助，但是当他康复后却不想要它回去了。作者想起了自己的狗和在过去因年老而失去的狗。作者认为他们是一家人，永远都是这样。由此推知，作者无法理解Magdalen的主人的行为。故选A。CWrittenandillustratedbyShelSilverstein,TheGivingTreeisachildren’sbookthattellsthestoryaboutayoungboyandatreeintheforest.Thestorystartswiththeboyandthetreebeingthebestoffriendsandhavingfun.Astheboygrowsolder,heasksmorefromthetree,whichwillinglyagreesuntilallthatisleftisastump(树桩).Intheend,theboy,nowanoldman,comesbacktothetreeandtellsitthatallhewantsisaplacetositon,somethingthatthetreeeagerlyprovides.Inthebook,eachpartofthestorygoesstraighttothepointwithoutconfusingreaders.Thebookdoesn’tincludetheeventsthathappentotheboyinbetween.Weseehowtheboy’sneedsincreasetoapointthatthetreefinallygivesitstrunkashegrows.Itmakesthebookeasytoreadandunderstand.Thewritingstylemayseemplainandboringatfirstbutweneedtokeepinmindthatitisachildren’sbook.Ifitweren’tthatway,thenitwouldbeunattractivetoitsyoungreaders.Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.Thephrase,“andthetreewashappy”,isquitemovedandshowsthetree’slovefortheboy.Theuseoftheword“need”alsoshowsreaderstheattitudeoftheboy.Thechangefrom“need”to“want”intheendalsotellsreadersthechangesthattheboygoesthrough.Thoughthebookhasbeencriticizedasitcanbeunderstoodindifferentways,itisbecauseofthisthatthebooksucceeds.Againthebookiswrittenforchildren.Differentchildrenhavetheirownwaystounderstandthebookandwillconsideritinteresting.8.Whatisthebookmainlyabout?A.Aboy’sgreatloveforatree.B.Aboy’srelationshipwithatreeC.Aboy’sdependenceonaforest.D.Aboy’sinterestinglifeinaforest.9.Whyisthebooksuitableforyoungreadersintheauthor’sopinion?A.Itsstoryistouching.B.ItsexpressionsaresimpleC.Itswritingstyleishumorous.D.Itstopicsarevaried.10.WhatmakesTheGivingTreepopular?A.Thecommentskidsgave.B.Thewritingstyle.C.Thepicturesinit.D.Differentwaystounderstandit.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocommentonabook.B.Tointroduceawriter.C.Torecommendastory.D.Togivereadersalesson.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要对一本儿童书籍的内容、写作风格和语言特点等方面作了评价。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thestorystartswiththeboyandthetreebeingthebestoffriendsandhavingfun.Astheboygrowsolder,heasksmorefromthetree,whichwillinglyagreesuntilallthatisleftisastump(树桩).Intheend,theboy,nowanoldman,comesbacktothetreeandtellsitthatallhewantsisaplacetositon,somethingthatthetreeeagerlyprovides.(故事开始于男孩和树是最好的朋友，玩得很开心。随着男孩长大，他向树上要求更多的东西，树都会心甘情愿地答应，直到最后只剩下树桩。最后，男孩，现在已经是一个老人了，回到树前，告诉它，他想要的只是一个坐在上面的地方，这是树渴望提供的东西。)”可知，这本书主要介绍一个小男孩和一棵树之间的关系。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Ifitweren’tthatway,thenitwouldbeunattractivetoitsyoungreaders(如果不是这样的话，那么它对年轻读者就没有吸引力了)”和第三段“Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.(所用的词很容易理解。)”可知，这本书使用非常简单的短语和词汇，所以非常容易理解，即它简单易懂的语言使之适合小孩子阅读。因此作者认为这本书适合年轻读者是因为它的表达很简单。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thoughthebookhasbeencriticizedasitcanbeunderstoodindifferentways,itisbecauseofthisthatthebooksucceeds.(尽管这本书受到了批评，因为它可以用不同的方式理解，但正因为如此，这本书才获得了成功。)”可知，不同的人对这本书有不同的理解，可知使这本书很受欢迎是因为不同的人对这本书反映的道理有不同的理解。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了一本儿童书籍的内容、写作风格和语言特点等，结合第二段“Inthebook,eachpartofthestorygoesstraighttothepointwithoutconfusingreaders.(在这本书中，故事的每一部分都直奔主题，不会让读者感到困惑。)”以及第三段“Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.(所用的词很容易理解。)”可知，作者的写作目的是为了对一本书作出评价。故选A。DThesurfaceofMarsisetched(蚀刻)withancientrivervalleysandlakebasins.SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.Today,Marsistoocoldformuch,ifany,liquidwatertoexist.And3.8billionyearsago,whentheflowingwaterformed,thesunwasfainterthanitistoday,makingitevenhardertoimagineawarmMartianclimate.That’swhymanyresearchersthinkMarsmayhavegoneinandoutofdeepfreezes.SomeresearchershavesuggestedthatearlyMarsonlythawedout(解冻)whenlargeasteroid(小行星)impactsorvolcaniceruptionstemporarilywarmedtheplanet.ButKasting,ageologistatPennStateUniversity,thinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastcanyons(峡谷)thatexistonMars.Now,Kastingandhiscolleagueshavecomeupwithanalternativeexplanation.TheythinkMarsmayhaveexperiencedaseriesofclimatecyclescausedbychangesinthestrengthofthegreenhouseeffect.Theideagoeslikethis:WhenMarswascoldandfrozen,volcanoescontinuedtobelchoutthegreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxideandhydrogenintotheatmosphere.There,thegasblankettrappedheatandwarmedtheplanetupuntilliquidwaterbegantoflow,formingMars’riversandlakes.However,warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide,mitigatingthegreenhouseeffectandcoolingtheplanetbackdownagain.Thenthecyclewouldrepeat.KastingsharedhistheorywithotherastronomersattheDecembermeetingoftheAmericanGeophysicalUnioninSanFrancisco,andinthejournalEarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters.Sofar,Kasting’steamhasonlyshownthatsuchanexplanationispossible,accordingtoclimatemodels.Buttheresearcherssayfieldtripscouldhelptesttheideabylookingforevidenceofmultiplewarmevents,andtheirdurations.12.WhatmaderesearchersbelievethatliquidwateronceexistedonMars?A.ThegeologicalfeaturesofMars.B.ThenaturalclimateofMars.C.Thetemperaturesofthesun.D.Thecolouroftheplanet.13.WhatisKasting’stheorybasedon?A.LargeasteroidshadnoimpactonMars.B.VolcaniceruptionswereveryfrequentonMarsC.Deepvalleyscouldn’tbeformedinashortperiodoftime.D.Carbondioxideandhydrogenwereabundantintheatmosphere.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inparagraph3mean?A.Achieving. B.Reducing. C.Experiencing. D.Enhancing.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.LargeAsteroidImpactsontheRedPlanetB.LiquidWaterExistingonMarsC.ClimateCyclesCouldHaveCarvedCanyonsonMarsD.AncientRiverValleysHaveBeenFoundonMars【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。火星上曾经有液态水，这是怎么形成的呢？科学家们提出了新的理论。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“ThesurfaceofMarsisetchedwithancientrivervalleysandlakebasins.SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.(火星表面蚀刻着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地。一些研究人员认为液态水曾经在这颗红色星球上流动)”可知，火星表面有着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地，这些地质特征使得研究人员认为液态水曾经在火星上存在。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“ButKasting,ageologistatPennStateUniversity,thinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastcanyonsthatexistonMars.(但是宾夕法尼亚州立大学的地质学家Kasting认为，这种突然事件打开的温暖窗口期太短暂了，无法蚀刻出火星上存在的巨大峡谷)”可知，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的地质学家卡萨丁认这种突然事件打开的温暖窗口期太短暂了，无法形成火星上存在的巨大峡谷。由此推知，卡萨丁的理论是建立在深谷不可能在短时间内形成的理论上的。故选C项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段的“warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide.(温暖的温度和充足的水也会加速某些消耗二氧化碳的化学反应)”可知，温暖的气候和充足的水也会加速某些化学反应，这样就消耗了二氧化碳。二氧化碳减少了就会减少温室效应，从而使地球温度下降，故划线词与“减少；减弱”含义接近。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段“TheythinkMarsmayhaveexperiencedaseriesofclimatecyclescausedbychangesinthestrengthofthegreenhouseeffect.(他们认为火星可能经历了一系列由温室效应强度变化引起的气候周期。)”和第三段“Theideagoeslikethis:WhenMarswascoldandfrozen,volcanoescontinuedtobelchoutthegreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxideandhydrogenintotheatmosphere.There,thegasblankettrappedheatandwarmedtheplanetupuntilliquidwaterbegantoflow,formingMars’riversandlakes.(这个想法是这样的：当火星寒冷冻结时，火山继续向大气中喷射二氧化碳和氢气等温室气体。在那里，气层捕获热量并使行星升温，直到液态水开始流动，形成了火星的河流和湖泊)”可知，文章介绍了科学家提出的关于火星上的河谷和湖泊盆地形成原因的最新理论，研究指出可能是气候的变化周期造就了如今火星上可观测到的峡谷和河床等地理特征，所以“ClimateCyclesCouldHaveCarvedCanyonsonMars(气候周期可能在火星上雕刻了峡谷)”是最佳标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apileofhomeworkcanseemfrightening,butitcanbedoneifyoumakeaplan.Herearesometipstohelpyou.Createachecklistofthetasksyouhave.Beforedivingin,makealistofallthethingsyouneedtodoforyourhomework.____16____Thesatisfactionofcheckingthingsoffwillkeepyouhappytocontinue.Solvethehardesthomeworkfirst.Yourfirstthoughtmightbetoputoffthemostdifficulthomework.Ifyougetthehardstuffoutofthewaywhenyou’remostalert,however,itwillbeeasiertogetthroughtherestofthepile.____17____Askforhelpifyougetstuck.Ifyoucometoapartofyourhomeworkthatyoudon’tknowhowtodo,askafamilymembertohelpyou.____18____Withalittlehelp,youcanquicklymoveontothenextthing.Makeahomeworkschedule.____19____Ifyousetaschedule,thenyou’llbepreparedandknowexactlywhattodo.Thiswillalsokeepyoufromfeelingguiltyaboutputtinghomeworkoff.____20____Ifeveryoneinyourgroupisseriousaboutgettinghomeworkdone,thiscanbegreat.Youcanhelpeachotheroutwithassignments,andquizeachothertoprepareforexams.A.Establishastudygroup.B.Takeabreaknowandthen.C.Thatway,youwon’tgetdiscouraged.D.Asyoucompleteeachtask,crossitoffyourlist.E.Trytodoyourhomeworkatthesametimeeachday.F.Writedownallthereasonswhyyoureallyneedtodoyourhomework.G.Makeaplantofinishyourworkbitbybit,savingtheeasiesttasksforlast.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.E20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何处理大量的家庭作业向我们提供了几条建议。【16题详解】上文“Beforedivingin,makealistofallthethingsyouneedtodoforyourhomework.(在投入作业之前，把你需要做的所有事情列一个清单)”提到把要做的事列一个清单，结合空后“Thesatisfactionofcheckingthingsoffwillkeepyouhappytocontinue.(完成任务的满足感会让你乐于继续)”可知，空处应该讲述完成一项任务之后就在清单中删除一个，保持做事的动力。D项“完成每项任务时，请将其从列表中划掉”符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据本段的中心句“Solvethehardesthomeworkfirst.(先解决最难的作业)”可知，本段建议先做最难的作业，G项“制定一个计划，一点一点地完成你的工作，把最简单的任务留到最后”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据空格前一句“Ifyoucometoapartofyourhomeworkthatyoudon’tknowhowtodo,askafamilymembertohelpyou.(如果你的家庭作业中有一部分你不知道怎么做，让你的家人来帮助你)”可知，空格处应该讲述家人帮助你之后所带来的结果，C项“那样的话，你不会受挫”符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据本段中心句“Makeahomeworkschedule(制定家庭作业时间表)”可知，本段阐述制定家庭作业时间表，E项“尽量在每天同一时间做作业”进一步阐述如何制定时间表，故选E。【20题详解】根据空格后“Ifeveryoneinyourgroupisseriousaboutgettinghomeworkdone,thiscanbegreat.(如果你小组里的每个人都认真完成作业，这是很好的)”可知，本段所讲述的方法是加入学习小组，A项“成立一个学习小组”适合作为本段中心句。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MygrandmotherandIwalkedintoaclothesshop.“It’sastoreforoldpeople,Iknow,”shesaidloudly,muchtothe___21___ofthesalesmanstandingnearby.Today,shewas___22___asmallanimal-printdress.Shebeganto___23___theclothesstoreforsomethingbrightandnoticeable.Asa15-year-old,Ijustwantedto___24___normally,butmygrandmother—withherdyed(被染色)hairand___25___colouredclothes—existedina(n)___26___worldofstyle.I___27___herconfidence.Shehadself-love.Sheexpressedherself___28___asshewanted.Oncemygrandfatherdied,sheshowedher___29___forherselfthroughhowshelooked.Inherearly80s,sheshoppedwiththe____30____likemy10th-gradesisterbutwithalotmoreconfidence.She____31____metolookmybestandalwayscheckedinonme,eventhoughmostofourrelationshipwaslong-distance.This____32____IhadlotsofmissedcallsandtextsaskinghowIwasdoing.Shelovedto____33____withothersandwouldcallmeseveraltimes.Onceshetoldmehowshehadspentthewholeafternoontalkingtofriendsandfamilyallovertheworld.Her____34____hadbecomeweakbutshestill____35____toaskme:“Areyoumakingtimeto____36____?”Eachcallwasa____37____topencilinfuntomyschedule.IwishthatI’dthankedherforallofthe____38____she’dbeenpassingontomethroughoutallofmyadolescentandyoungadultlife.Ifithadn’tbeenforherlessonsin____39____—herguidanceincaringformyselfandenjoyinglifeinallits____40____—wouldIbethepersonIamtoday?21.A.disappointment B.relief C.amusement D.satisfaction22.A.wearing B.making C.selling D.advertising23.A.detect B.inspect C.check D.search24.A.dress B.live C.eat D.speak25.A.rarely B.strangely C.usually D.wrongly26.A.unique B.ancient C.real D.virtual27.A.increased B.envied C.hated D.shared28.A.anxiously B.privately C.exactly D.carefully29.A.preference B.pity C.respect D.love30.A.excitement B.innocence C.sincerity D..seriousness31.A.encouraged B.forced C.ordered D.allowed32.A.declared B.promised C.meant D.showed33.A.debate B.connect C.argue D.bargain34.A.heart B.leg C.body D.voice35.A.afforded B.offered C.hesitated D.managed36.A.workout B.signup C.havefun D.takenotes37.A.praise B.reminder C.plan D.requirement38.A.kindness B.glory C.wealth D.wisdom39.A.self-love B.self-help C.self-discipline D.self-confidence40.A.directions B.aspects C.stages D.forms【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.D36.C37.B38.D39.A40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的奶奶是一个自爱和自信的人，年龄并不能阻止她享受生活。奶奶这种积极乐观的态度影响了作者，成就了作者如今自爱、自信的样子。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我知道，这是一家老年商店，”她大声说道，这让站在附近的售货员感觉好笑。A.disappointment失望；B.relief宽慰；C.amusement可笑；D.satisfaction满足。根据上文““It’sastoreforoldpeople,Iknow,”shesaidloudly,”以及语境可知，奶奶大声说话的样子使得售货员感觉好笑。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，她穿着一件小动物印花连衣裙。A.wearing穿；B.making使；C.selling出售；D.advertising做广告。根据下文“asmallanimal-printdress”可知，此处表示奶奶穿着一件印花连衣裙。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始在服装店里搜寻明亮而引人注目的东西。A.detect发现；B.inspect视察；C.check检查；D.search寻找。根据下文“theclothesstoreforsomethingbrightandnoticeable.”可知，奶奶在服装店里找明亮而引人注目的东西。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个15岁的孩子，我只想穿得正常，但我的奶奶——染着头发，穿着奇怪颜色的衣服——存在在一个独特的时尚世界里。A.dress穿衣服；B.live生活；C.eat吃；D.speak说。根据上文“Today,shewas___2___asmallanimal-printdress.Shebeganto___3___theclothesstoreforsomethingbrightandnoticeable.”可知，作者的奶奶是个老年人，但她穿着小动物印花连衣裙，而作者只想穿得正常。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一个15岁的孩子，我只想穿得正常，但我的奶奶——染着头发，穿着奇怪颜色的衣服——存在在一个独特的时尚世界里。A.rarely很少；B.strangely奇怪地；C.usually通常；D.wrongly错误地。根据上文“Asa15-year-old,Ijustwantedto___4___normally,”以及下文“colouredclothes—existedina(n)___6___worldofstyle.”可知，作者只想穿得正常，但是作者的奶奶染着头发，穿着奇怪颜色的衣服。故选B。【26题详解】考查词形容词义辨析。句意：作为一个15岁的孩子，我只想穿得正常，但我的奶奶——染着头发，穿着奇怪颜色的衣服——存在在一个独特的时尚世界里。A.unique独特的；B.ancient古代的；C.real真实的；D.virtual虚拟的。根据上文“butmygrandmother—withherdyed(被染色的)hairand___5___colouredclothes”可知，作者的奶奶时尚风格独特。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我羡慕她自信。A.increased增加；B.envied羡慕；C.hated讨厌；D.shared分享。根据下文“Shehadself-love.Sheexpressedherself___8___asshewanted.”以及语境可知，作者羡慕自己奶奶的自信。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她准确地按照自己的意愿表达自己。A.anxiously焦急地；B.privately私下地；C.exactly准确地；D.carefully仔细地。根据上文“butmygrandmother—withherdyed(被染色的)hairand___5___colouredclothes—existedina(n)___6___worldofstyle.”可知，此处表示奶奶准确地按照自己的意愿表达自己。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我祖父去世后，她通过自己看起来的样子表达了对自己的爱。A.preference偏好；B.pity怜悯；C.respect尊重；D.love爱。根据上文“Shehadself-love.”可知，此处表示奶奶表达对自己的爱。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她80岁出头的时候，她像我十年级的妹妹一样兴奋地购物，但更有信心。A.excitement兴奋；B.innocence清白；C.sincerity诚意；D.seriousness严重。根据下文“likemy10th-gradesister”以及常识可知，十年级的孩子去购物时会感觉兴奋。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她鼓励我显现最佳状态，并总是来看望我，尽管我们的大部分关系都是远距离的。A.encouraged鼓励；B.forced强制；C.ordered命令；D.allowed允许。根据上文“sheshoppedwiththe___10___likemy10th-gradesisterbutwithalotmoreconfidence.”以及下文“metolookmybest”可知，作者的奶奶很有信心，此处表示奶奶鼓励作者要显现最佳状态。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我有很多未接来电和短信问我过得怎么样。A.declared宣布；B.promised承诺；C.meant意味着；D.showed显示。根据上文“eventhoughmostofourrelationshipwaslong-distance.”可知，作者和奶奶距离很远，这意味着作者和奶奶会通过电话和短信交流，作者会有很多来自奶奶的未接来电和短信。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢和别人联系，会给我打好几次电话。A.debate辩论；B.connect联系；C.argue争论；D.bargain讨价还价。根据下文“andwouldcallmeseveraltimes.”可知，奶奶会给作者打好几次电话，此处表示奶奶喜欢和别人联系。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的声音变弱了，但她仍然设法问我：“你是不是抽出时间来玩得开心？”A.heart心；B.leg腿；C.body身体；D.voice嗓音。根据下文“hadbecomeweakbutshestill___15___toaskme:“Areyoumakingtimeto___16___?””以及句中的连词but可知，奶奶的声音变弱了，但她仍然和作者交流。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的声音变弱了，但她仍然设法问我：“你是不是抽出时间来玩得开心？”A.afforded负担得起；B.offered提供；C.hesitated犹豫；D.managed设法做到。根据上文“Her___14___hadbecomeweakbutshestill”以及语境可知，奶奶的声音变弱，但她仍然会设法询问作者是否抽出时间来玩得开心。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的声音变弱了，但她仍然设法问我：“你是不是抽出时间来玩得开心？”A.workout锻炼；B.signup注册；C.havefun玩得开心；D.takenotes记笔记。根据下文“Eachcallwasa___17___topencilinfuntomyschedule.”可知，奶奶给作者打电话时为了给作者增添乐趣，此处表示奶奶询问作者是否抽时间来玩得开心。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个电话都提醒我在日程安排中加入乐趣。A.praise表扬；B.reminder提醒；C.plan计划；D.requirement要求。根据上文“Areyoumakingtimeto___16___?”可知，作者的奶奶打来的每一个电话都会提醒作者添加乐趣。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能感谢她在我青少年和年轻人的生活中给我的智慧。A.kindness善良；B.glory荣耀；C.wealth财富；D.wisdom智慧。根据下文“Ifithadn’tbeenforherlessonsin___19___—herguidanceincaringformyselfandenjoyinglifeinallits___20___—wouldIbethepersonIamtoday?”可知，此处表示作