2021年高考英语调研大一轮复习课时作业32Unit2RobotsB卷

课时作业32RobotsⅠ.阅读理解(四川成都外国语学校检测)Kandareallydoesn'tliketowalkalone.Thescientistfromaresearchinstituteofintelligentrobotsfindstheexperiencesoboringthathe'dratherdrive—eventhoughhelivesclosetohislabandknowsthatwalkingishealthy.“Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone,likewithmywife,withmydaughter，”Kandasaid.“Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.”SoKanda,whospecializesinhuman­likerobots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings,which,hehopes,mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.Therobotrestsonaperson'sshoulderlikeaboxyparrot.Itweighsaboutapoundandahalfandsitsroughly8.5incheshigh,3.5incheswide,and10incheslong.Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate.It'sevenequippedwithasmile.Kandaandhisteamcollectedvideofromfivedifferentlocations,includingagardenandashoppingmall,andcreatedadatasetofsmalltalktopicsrelatedtoeachlocation.Thentheyprogrammedtherobottoassociatevisualcueswithspecifictopics.Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.Nearagroupofparkedcars,forexample,itmightsay,“InabigparkinglotsometimesIforgetwhereIparked.”Theytestedtheroboton15volunteers,10malesand5females,whowerepaidandaveragedabout26yearsold.“Haveyoueverblownapuffofdandelion(蒲公英)seedsintotheair？”Therobotaskedaparticipantwhosmiledandresponded,“Yes,IoftendidthatwhenIwasachild.”Althoughseveralparticipantsnotedtherobot'sweight,Kandawassurprisedthatnooneconsideredtheexperiencestrangeorfunny.“Iguesspeopleenjoynewtechnologies，”hesaid.Justlikeahumanpartner,Kanda'srobotisn'tperfect.It'snotabletogoforwalksinheavyrainand,whiletherobotcanmakeexpressions,itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKandaismostworried.Despiteitslimits,Kandawascomfortedbytherobot'spresence.“Ifeltakindofsenseofbeingwithsomeone，”hesaid,“particularlywhenitspoke.”本文主要讲述了科学家Kanda因不喜欢自己一个人走路，需要有人陪伴而产生灵感，发明了可以陪人走路的机器人。这个机器人还可以根据场合的不同说出简单的句子，让人有种被陪伴的感觉。1．WhydoesKandahavetheideaofdevelopingaroboticwalkingpartner?A．Becausehewantssomeonetoaccompanyhimwhilewalking.B．Becausehehasneverdevelopedarobotlikeaparrot.C．Becausehisfamilyareunwillingtowalkwithhim.D．Becauseheiscrazyaboutdevelopingrobots.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Kanda的自述说自己喜欢家人的陪伴，不喜欢自己一个人走路，到第二段中“SoKanda,whospecializesinhuman­likerobots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings,which,hehopes,mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.”可知，Kanda是希望有人陪伴自己走路，才有了发明这种机器人的想法。故选A。2．Whatcharacteristicdoestherobothave?A．Itcan“speak”and“see”．B．Itcanwalklikeahumanbeing.C．Itcancommunicatewithpeoplefreely.D．Itismuchmorehumorousthanarealperson.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate.”以及第三段“Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.Nearagroupofparkedcars,forexample,itmightsay,‘InabigparkinglotsometimesIforgetwhereIparked.’”可知，这个机器人可以“说话”也可以“看”。故选A。3．Whatisnecessaryfortherobottofunction?A．Asmallsize.B．Aboxyshape.C．Ahumanpartner.D．Aspeechsoftware.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Ifeltakindofsenseofbeingwithsomeone，’hesaid,‘particularlywhenitspoke.’”可知，当机器人说话的时候最能让人有陪伴感，所以他的声音系统是必不可少的。故选D。4．WhatisKandamostlikelytodoabouthisrobotnext?A．Tomakeitmoreconvenienttocarry.B．Toimproveitsconversationalskills.C．Toenableittowalkinheavyrain.D．Tobetteritssoundsystem.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“whiletherobotcanmakeexpressions,itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKandaismostworried”可知，不能进行对话是Kanda最担心的事情，所以他接下来会改进这一方面。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读填句(吉林长春十一中检测)Whilebeinglostinthewoodscanbeafrighteningexperience,survivingaloneinthewildisgenerallyamatterofcommonsense,patience,andwiselyusingthegiftsthatnatureprovides.__1__Doyourresearchfirst.Don'tjusttrekoffintothewilderness;getasolidunderstandingofyoursurroundingsfirst.Studyingamapoftheareawhereyou'regoing—andmakingsuretobringitwithyou—willincreaseyourchancesofnotgettinglosttremendously.Educateyourselfaboutthefloraandfaunaoftheareayouareexploring.__2____3__AcellphonewithasparebatteryoraportableCBradiocanbeyourbest,quickestmeansofrescueifyouaretrulylostorinjured.Acellsignalmayonlybeobtainableonlyfromahillortree,butisbetterthannothing.SerioushikersmayevenconsiderinvestinginapersonallocatorbeaconsuchastheSPOTMessengerforextended,precarious,orveryremotetreks.Don'tpanicifyou'relost.Panicismoredangerousthanalmostanythingelse,becauseitinterfereswiththeoperationofyoursinglebest,mostusefulandversatilesurvivaltool:yourmind.Themomentyourealizethatyouarelost,beforeyoudoanythingelse,stop.__4__Beforeyouact,followtheideaofSTOP:S＝sitdown,T＝think,O＝observeyoursurroundings,P＝prepareforsurvivalbygatheringmaterials.Signalyourlocation.Makenoisebywhistling,shouting,singing,orbangingrockstogether.__5__Ifyou'reinamountainmeadow,makethreepilesofdarkleavesorbranchesinatriangle.Insandyareas,makealargetriangleinthesand.Threeofanythinginthewildernessisastandarddistresssignal.A．Bringameansofcommunication.B．Starvationwon'tbeabigproblem.C．Takeadeepbreathandstaycalm.D．Havingstrengthinnumberswillhelpyousurvive.E．Ifyoucan,markyourlocationinsuchawaythatit'svisiblefromtheair.F．Knowledgeofthelocalplantsandanimalscansaveyourlife.G．Ifyouwanttoknowhowtosurviveinthewoods,justfollowthesesteps.文章讲述了在野外迷路时应该采取的有效措施。1．解析：上文写在森林迷路是令人恐惧的事，野外生存需要常识、耐心和明智地利用自然资源。下文是具体措施，G项“如果你想知道怎样在森林里生存，遵循下列步骤”承上启下，故选G。2．解析：本段讲要先进行调查，上句讲要熟悉你所探索区域的动植物，F项“对当地动植物的了解能挽救生命”承接上文。localplantsandanimals与上句的thefloraandfaunaofthearea意思一致，故选F。3．解析：根据下文的“AcellphonewithasparebatteryoraportableCBradio...”可知，本段讲携带通信设备的作用，故A项符合语境。4．解析：本段讲迷路后不要惊慌，此处讲做事前要深呼吸以保特镇静。故选C。5．解析：本段讲要示意你的位置，通过发出声音或制作标记来求救。E项中markyourlocation与本段内容一致，故选E。Ⅲ.语法填空(山西安康检测)Hospitalshaven'talwaysbeencleanandquietplaces.Longagotheyweredirtyandcrowded.Nurseswerenevertaught__1__tolookaftertheirpatientsandmanypeopledied.ItwasFlorenceNightingalewhochangedallthis.Florencewasbornin1820.Asachild,sheoftenwentwithhermother__2__(visit)thepoorpeople.Theytookfoodandmedicinetothesick.Itwasthesevisitsthatfirstgavehertheideaofbecoming__3__nurse.Herchancecamein1854whenBritainwenttowarwithRussia.Florence__4__(ask)bythegovernmenttotakeagroupofnursestolookafterthesickandthe__5__(wound).Thehospitalsweredirty,andtherewasn'tenoughmedicine.Florenceandherteamworkedveryhard,__6__(clean)thehospitalroomsandmadethebedeveryday.Atnight,shewouldgofromroomtoroom,__7__(check)onthepatients.Sheoftenstayedtotalktothepatientsandprovidedcomfort__8__them.Afterthewar,Florenceopenedaschooltoteachnursestolookaftertheirpatients__9__(proper).However,sheneverreallymadeafull__10__(recover)fromtheillnessthatshehadgotinthewar,andshediedin1910.本文是对护理事业的创始人、现代护理教育的奠基人弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的介绍。1．解析：考查疑问词。根据语境，此处指以前的护士从未被教过要如何照顾病人，故用how。2．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为不定式短语在句中作目的状语。3．解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表泛指，指“成为一名护士”，故应用不定冠词a。4．解析：考查时态和语态。此处说的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；又根据空后的“bythegovernment”可知，Florence与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。5．解析：考查词性转换。“the＋adj.”是固定用法，表示一类人，故填wounded。6．解析：考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处cleaned与worked和made并列作句子的谓语，故也应用一般过去时。7．解析：考查非谓语动词。check与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。8．解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指的应是“她给他们提供慰藉”，providesth.forsb.＝providesb.withsth.。9．解析：考查副词。空处修饰lookafter，应用副词形式。10．解析：考查名词。根据语境及空前的“afull”可知此处应用名词。Ⅳ.短文改错(山东莱芜第一次检测)IhavenoticedthatmuchofthefictionandnonfictionworkspublishinginTeenMagazinehaveahappyending.Whilethesearepleasantlytoread,onehastoaskhowitispossiblethatthereissomuchoptimism.I'mallforpositivethinking,andreadersshouldalsobeexposedbythedarkersideoflife.Whypublishastoryaboutsomeonewhoseexperiencesatragedyandgetsnothinginreturn?Afterall,that'slife.Noteverystoryhaveahappyending.IthinkthiswouldbenefitfromTeenMagazine'sreaderstoseebothkinds:happyandreal.答案与解析1．much→many考查代词。works指“作品”时为可数名词，应该用many而不是much修饰。2．publishing→published考查非谓语动词。publishedinTeenMagazine作works的定语，跟所修饰的名词为被动关系，故用过去分词。3．pleasantly→pleasant考查形容词与副词。作表语应该用形容词而不是副词。4．and→but考查连词。and表并列关系，而此处前后两句为转折关系，故用but。5．by→to考查动词短语。beexposedto为固定搭配，意为“遭受，暴露于……”。6．Why后加not考查行文逻辑。Whynot...？是表示提建议的固定句型，所以在Why后加上not。7．whose→who/that考查定语从句引导词。此句为定语从句，先行词为someone，从句中缺少主语，故需要关系代词who/that充当从句的主语。8．have→has考查主谓一致。every