高考英语总复习-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-5-Meeting-your-ancestors-市赛

Unit5Meetingyourancestors1/54关键单词identifyidentification1．_________vt.确认；识别；判别→_______________n．确认；识别；判别alternativestarvationstarve2．__________n．可能选择adj.供选择；其它3．_________n．挨饿；饿死→________vi.挨饿；饿死4．___________n．准确；准确→__________adj.准确；准确accuracyaccurate2/545．________vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中止或中止→____________n．中止；干扰interruptinterruption6．________adj.有观察力；敏锐；严重；深刻7．________vt.假定；构想→___________n．假定；构想8．_____________adv.不论；不顾acuteassume9．_______vi.&vt.(使)尖锐；尖锐；清楚→_________n．磨具；削具assumptionregardlesssharpen10．________adj.足够；充分；富裕sharpener11.________adj.凌乱；脏→________n．凌乱；脏amplemessymess3/54primitiveanalysisanalyseanalystanalytical

12．________adj.原始；远古；简陋 13．_________n．(planalyses)分析→_________vt.分析→________n．分析者；化验员→________adj.分析；解析 14．____________n．意义；意思；主要性；主要意义→__________adj.意义重大；有意义significance15．__________adv.以……方式；不知怎么地16．_________n．分割；划分；分配；分界限→________v．划分significantsomehowdivisiondivide4/5417．_________vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→___________n．鼓掌；欢呼；掌声；喝彩applaudapplause18．__________vi.&vt.加速；促进→_____________n．加速度accelerateaccelerationarrest19．________vt.逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留20．________adj.头晕目眩；眩晕；使人发晕或迷惑dizzyskilful21．________adj.有技巧；熟练(〈美〉skillful)5/54常考短语regardlesskeepmost1．________of不论；不顾2．________out关在门外；不准入内3．at________至多；最多4．________up切碎cutfed5．be________________with受够了；饱受；厌烦6．________one's________为某人抉择喝彩7．________ahead向前看；为未来打算applaudchoicelookup6/54arrestreliefdate8．________for...因……而逮捕某人9．with________欣慰地10．________back(to...)追溯到；始于11．be________of以……为骄傲12．________tosb.for________向某人求援13．be________of知道14．________...away把……吓跑proudturnhelpawarescare7/54经典佳句Itisagreatpleasure

1．___________________________________________tomeetyoustudentsfromEngland...非常高兴见到你们这些来自英国学生……mighthavekept

2．Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetersthick,whichsuggeststhatthey________________________thefireburningallwinter.我们一直在挖掘一层层积灰，几乎有六米厚。这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。8/54Ifonly3．________________itcouldbejustlikelastyear!要是能跟去年那样有多好呀！onlytobescooped

4．Abruptlyshesatdown,________________________________________byherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.她突然坐了下去，结果被她正又笑又嚷妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。

up9/54课文回顾

AgroupofstudentscametoZhoukoudian1.________avisit.Anarchaeologist2._________(show)themaround.Hetoldthemitwasherethattheyfoundevidenceofthe3.________(early)peoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld,soitwas4.___________(reason)toassumetheyhadlivedinthesecaves,regardless5.________thecold.Theyhaddiscoveredfireplacesinthecenterofthe6.________(cave)．Itseemedthattheymighthaveused7.___________(sharpen)stonetoolstocutupanimalsandremovetheirskintosewthe8.__________(piece)together.Maybethere9.________(be)tradebetweenearlypeoples.Theydidn'tgrowtheirowncrops,10.________pickedfruitandkilledanimals.forshowedearliestreasonableofcavessharpenedpieceswasbut10/54

单句语法填空 1．Iamnotaccustomedto_______________(interrupt)whenstudyingorworking,sopleaserememberthisanddon'tdoitagain. 2．Itwasshockingthatthemayor______________(arrest)afterhetookofficeforlessthanhalfayear. 3．Ifonlyyou____________(be)morecareful!Thetrafficaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.beinginterruptedwasarrestedhadbeen11/54

4．(年江苏卷·阅读了解B)Firsttheycollectedsounddatafrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslandbeforeandafterhatching.Thenthey____________(identify)beggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.identifiedbut

5．Thereweresomanycarsheldupbytheheavyrainontheroadthatwehadnoalternative________towait. 6．_________________(assume)thatyouarechosentobeavolunteerattheOlympicGames,whatwillyoudo?

Assuming/Assume12/54messofsignificanceaccurately

7．(年天津卷·单项填空)Myroomisa________(messy)，butIneedn'tcleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemorning. 8．Heinsistedondoingitthatway,regardless________oursuggestions. 9．Foralongtime，peoplealwayshavebeentryingtofindoutthe_____________(significant)oflife. 10．Youmustmeasurethelength______________(accurate)inordertogettheaccuratenumber.13/541．alternativen．可能选择；选择对象adj.供选择；其它

havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事 thereisnoalternative...……别无选择 analternativeto...……替换品 alternativelyadv.可供选择地；要不，或者14/54【联想发散】表示“别无选择只好做某事”其它表示形式：(1)havenochoicebuttodosth.(2)can'tdosth.butdo...(3)candonothingbutdosth.利用单句语法填空tofacean

(1)Inordertosucceed,wehavenoalternativebut________(face)failurebravelyandlearnfromit. (2)Themanagersaidthattheyhad________alternativeplaniftheplantheyhadsubmittedwasnotaccepted.15/542．interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中止或中止interruptsb./sth.(withsth.)(因某事)打断某人/某事interruptionn．打搅；插嘴；打岔；阻断物withoutinterruption连续地；不停地【写作佳句】IhopeI'mnotinterruptingyou.我希望我没有打搅你。16/54利用单句语法填空haveinterrupted

(1)Youshouldn't_______________(interrupt)themeetingtotellmethat;youcouldhavecometotellmeafterwards. (2)They__________________(interrupt)byasuddenandurgentknockatthedoor.wereinterrupted

(3)HeavysmogandfogcontinuedtohitmanypartsofeastandnorthChinaonThursday,causingtraffic________________(interrupt)．

interruptions17/543．assumevt.假定；构想assumesb./sth.tobe假定/假设某人/某事为……

Itisassumedthat...假设……；有些人认为…… assumptionn．假定；构想 makeanassumption认为；假定 ontheassumptionthat...假定……

【名师指津】

assume/assuming(that)...置于句首时相当于一个if引导条件状语从句。18/54利用单句语法填空assumeassumedtobe

(1)Wemay_________(assumption)thattheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold. (2)Itisgenerally_________(assume)thatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork. (3)Let'sassumeit__________(be)true. (4)____________________(assume)ourplanisturneddown,whatshallwedo?Assume/Assumingassumption

(5)Alotofpeoplemakethe_______________(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsintheThirdWorld.19/54

4．somehowadv.以……方式；不知怎么地

somehoworother不知是什么原因；因为某种原因；以某种方式

【写作佳句】

Wemuststophimfromseeinghersomehow.不论怎么着，我们都不能让他见到她。辨析anyhow,somehow和somewhat

(1)anyhow不论怎样，相当于anyway；atanyrate。 (2)somehow以某种方式(insomewayorother)；因为某种原因。20/54

(3)somewhat从某种意义上讲；有几分，相当于inaway;rather。利用用上面辨析词填空

(1)Wemustgettheworkfinished___________orotherbytomorrowmorning. (2)Itmayrain,but____________Ishallgoout,Idon'tmindtherain.somehowanyhowsomewhat(3)Thepricewas_____________higherthanI'dexpected.21/545．arrestvt.逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留be/getarrestedforsth.因某事而被捕arrestone'sattention吸引某人注意underarrest被捕；被拘留【一词多义】(1)Theyfailedtoarrestthecompany'sdecline.阻止(2)Anunusualnoisearrestedhisattention.吸引(注意力)(3)Hearrestedonthewaytothehospital.心跳停顿(4)Shewasarrestedfordrug-relatedoffence.逮捕22/54利用用arrest适当形式填空(1)Igot__________(arrest)forcarelessdriving.(2)Herlaughter__________(arrest)ourattentionandweallstaredather.arrestedarrestedwerearrested

(3)Fiveyouths___________________(arrest)inconnectionwiththeattack.23/54

1．regardlessof不论；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)

【写作佳句】

Theclubwelcomesallnewmembersregardlessofage.俱乐部对全部新组员不分年纪一律欢迎。辨析regardlessof和despite/inspiteof

(1)regardlessof强调“不认为……主要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether，what引导从句。 (2)despite/inspiteof意为“尽管……不过……”，其后普通不接从句，但须接名词或动名词。24/54利用单句改错about→ofInspite→Despite

(1)Regardlessaboutbeingbadlyhurt，theoldladylookedupatTenysonwithloveinhereyesandgavehimalittlesmile. __________________________________________________ (2)Inspitethehighmountainsandthickforests,thedoctorsandnursesrushedtothesceneoftheaccidentfortherescue. __________________________________________________ (3)Inspiteallthesedifferences，evidenceshowsthatrecentlifestylechangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits. __________________________________________________spite后加of25/542．cutup切碎

cutoff切断；阻断 cutaway切除；剪去 cutin打断；超车抢道 cutdown砍倒；删减

【名师指津】

cutsb.up意为“(严重地)伤害某人；使某人伤痛欲绝；令某人心碎”。26/54downupaway利用用适当介词或副词填空(1)Youwon'tbecutting________theofficestaff,then?(2)Theapplehasbeencut________.(3)Hecut________theoldbranchesfromthetree.27/543．(be)fedupwith受够了；饱受；厌烦feedsb./sth.onsth.给(人或动物)某物作为食物feedon(动物)以……为主食feedsth.tosb./sth.给(人或动物)食物；喂；喂养【联想发散】表示“对……感到厌烦或厌倦”词组有：beboredwith，betiredof，getsickof等。28/54利用用适当介词填空(1)I'mfedup________thesamebreakfasteverymorning.(2)Severalchildrenwerefeedingbread________theducks.(3)Whatdoyoufeedyourdog________？(4)Blackbearsfeed________leaves,herbs,insects,fish,andevenlargeranimals.withtoonon29/544．lookahead向前看；为未来打算lookforwardto期待；期望lookdownon轻视lookinto调查lookthrough浏览；快速查看【写作佳句】Lookahead,you'llbesuccessfulsoonerorlater.向前看，你迟早会成功。30/54tointoaheadthrough利用用适当介词或副词填空

(1)Iamlookingforward_________receivingyourletter. (2)Wewilllook_________thismatter. (3)Look_________inthedistance,andyoucanseethelightofthevillage. (4)Shelooked_________hertextbookbeforestandingup.31/545．dateback(to...)追溯到；始于datebackto＝datefrom追溯到……outofdate过时，陈旧uptodate最近；新式；当代【名师指津】datebackto和datefrom普通不用于进行时态。做后置定语时，惯用现在分词。32/54利用单句语法填空datingfrom

(1)Accordingtotheexpert，thetemplehasahistory________(date)backtotheearlyTangDynasty. (2)Myinterestinstampcollectingdates________myschooldays.33/54原句1Worriedaboutthepreparationsforherfeast,Lalaquicklyturnedforhomewithhercollectionofnuts,melonsandotherfruit.拉拉担心她这次盛宴准备工作，所以赶快把坚果、甜瓜和其它水果搜集起来就快步回家了。 结构：分词(做状语)，主句＋with短语(做伴随状语)34/54利用完成句子，每空一词Interestedin(1)怀特先生对中国历史感兴趣，所以在北京时候他在当地导游引领下参观了全部博物馆。Chinesehistory

_____________________________________，Mr.Whitepaidavisittoallthemuseums________alocalguideduringhisstayinBeijing.withStandingfor

(2)舞狮，象征着兴旺与吉祥，富有浓厚民族色彩和独特传统艺术性，是中华民族文化中一颗璀璨明珠。 ________________________________________，liondanceisabrightstarinthegalaxyofChinesetraditionalculture________richnationalfeatureanduniquetraditionalart.successandluckwith35/54

(3)他当初正聚精会神地看一本书，所以没有注意到我进来，他眼睛盯着书。 _____________________abook,hedidn'tnoticemeentertheroom________hiseyesfixedonhisbook.Absorbedinwith36/54原句2Ifonlyitcouldbejustlikelastyear!要是能跟去年那样有多好呀！ 此句用了虚拟语气。ifonly...意为“要是……就好了”。 (1)ifonly...could/would/mightdo...表示对未来事情愿望(不用should) (2)ifonly...did...表示与现在事实相反愿望 (3)ifonly...haddone...表示与过去事实相反愿望辨析ifonly和onlyif

(1)ifonly中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(与现在事实相反用一般过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时)。 (2)onlyif由副词only和隶属连词if组合而成，only仅起强调作用，意为“只要；只有”。37/54利用单句改错(1)OnlyifyouareawaretheimportanceofEnglishcanyoulearnitwell.aware后加ofhave→had

__________________________________________________ (2)Constantquarrelsbetweenmyparentsaredrivingmecrazy.IfonlyIhaveawarmandharmoniousfamily. __________________________________________________ (3)It'stoobadthatIfailedinthemathexam.IfonlyIworkedhardatit!worked前加had__________________________________________________38/54原句3Abruptlyshesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.她突然坐了下去，结果被她正又笑又嚷妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。 onlytodo...意为“不料……，反而……，结果却……”，是动词不定式做结果状语，表示意料不到情况，且多为不愉快结果，有时前面也可不加only；而现在分词短语做结果状语则表示“自然而然结果”。39/54利用单句语法填空(1)Hehurriedtotheairportonly_____________(tell)thatthefilmstarhadleft.tobetold(2)Itorethebox,only___________(discover)thatsomeofthepartsweremissing.todiscoverleaving

(3)HehasgotmarriedandsettledinAustralia,thus________(leave)hisfamilyinHongKong.40/54Canadianledspecialistchallengingfor

利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来 DavidsonBlackwasa1.___________(Canada)doctorwhohelpedtodevelopthetechniquesthat2．________(lead)tothediscoveryofthebonesintheZhoukoudiancaves,nearBeijing.Hewasa3._________(special)inthestudyofbonesandfoundit4.____________(challenge)tosearch5.________andidentify41/54significancetodowhosharpenedofbonesofearlypeoples.Astheuniversityinwhichheworkedwasawareofthe6._____________(significant)ofhiswork,theygavehimamplefreetime7._________(do)theresearch.Andatlast,itwashisassistantPeiWenzhong,8._________madethediscoveryoftheseprimitivebonesand9.____________(sharpen)stonetools.Dr.Blackthoughthighly10.________PeiWenzhongbecauseofhistalentandhardwork.42/54书面表示(二)书面表示应试策略和技巧

高考英语书面表示题解题应遵照五步骤标准进行。年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试纲领——英语中对写作这么要求：“要求考生依据提醒进行书面表示，考生应能(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表示意思；(2)有效利用所学语言知识。”写好一篇作文分五个步骤：43/541．仔细审题，确定关键点

在开始写作前一定要认真阅读题目中全部信息(汉字提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表示全部信息关键点列成提要。列关键点时，假如提醒是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表示信息关键点，如事件发生背景，人物衣着、表情、动作、位置、年纪、外貌、图中英汉文字等，假如有参考词汇，一定要用上。44/542．依据关键点，遣词造句

近年来高考书面表示要求不停提升，高分文章要有较多词汇，较高级词汇使用方法。比如表示“丰富”能够用“rich”，但假如用“abundant”这个词就属于较高级词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶主要性”这个句子能够这么表示：Heemphasizedtheimportanceofcarefuldriving.其中“强调”这个词假如用“attachmuchimportanceto”效果更佳。45/543．确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑

高考书面表示评分标准明确要求，如人称错误要扣分，不同文体普通都有基本时态。日志通常记叙发生过事情，多用普通过去时。议论文多用普通现在时。通知等文体通惯用一般未来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语：besides(而且)，what'smore(而且)，moreover(而且)，firstly,secondly,finally(最终)，fromnowon(从现在开始)，afterwards,afterthat(以后)，tomakethingsworse/what'sworse(使事情更为糟糕是)，theworstthingofall(最糟糕是)等。(2)表示转折关系用语：but,however,otherwise,46/54though,despite,inspiteof...(尽管)，ontheotherhand(另首先)，as(尽管)，allthesame(尽管如此)等。(3)表示因果关系用语：because/becauseof/for(因为)，owingto(因为)，thanksto(因为)，dueto(因为)，sothat(结果)等。(4)归纳总结用语：tosummarize(总而言之)，inshort/inaword(简而言之)，onthewhole(从总体看)，generallyspeaking(普通说来)，inmyview(在我看来)，inconclusion(总之)等。47/544．句式丰富，防止重词

英语书面表示评分标准第五档(21－25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构”，这要求学生不仅会利用基本句型，也要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章亮点。能够适当利用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)，适当利用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是不错复杂结构。比如：(1)WhenhearrivedinBeijing,hegavemeane-mail.(时间状语从句。普通)→OnarrivinginBeijing,hegavemeane-mail./HavingarrivedinBeijing,hegavemeane-mail.(使用了介词＋动名词和现在分词短语，分别做状语。高级)/HardlyhadhearrivedinBeijingwhenhegavemeane-mail.(改变时态，句子结构为倒装。高级)(2)Iwon'tbelievewhathesays.(普通)→Nomatter