译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT1教学知识细解码学案

1．distinctadj．截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的→distinctionn．差别；区分2．carvevt．侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻→carvern．雕刻家3．suburbn．郊区，城外→suburbanadj．郊区的，城外的samplevt．尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验n．样本，样品；取样①IsampledthedelightsofGreekcookingforthefirsttime． vt．品尝②12%ofthechildrensampledsaidtheyprefercatstodogs． vt．抽样检验③Thebloodsamplesaresenttothelaboratoryforanalysis． n．样本eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)apartfrom除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是[例]ApartfromtheirhouseinLondon，theyalsohaveavillainSpain．他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。[知识拓展](1)apartfrom既可以表示包含意义，也可以表示排除意义；相当于besides，inadditionto，也相当于exceptfor。(2)apart相关短语：takesth．apart 将……拆开tell．．．apart 把……区别/分辨开[即学即练]——完成句子①Hecantakeabicycleapart(把自行车拆开)andputitbackagain．②Thetwinslooksomuchalikethatyoucanhardlytellthemapart(你几乎不能区别他们)．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)bymeansof依靠……方法；借助……手段[例]Thelakecommunicateswiththeseabymeansofacanal.这个湖通过运河和大海相连。[知识拓展]byallmeans 尽一切办法；一定；务必； (用于交际英语表示答应、同意) 当然可以，没问题bynomeans/notbyanymeans决不(置于句首时，主句用部分倒装)bythismeans 用这种方法[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Youmustgettherebyallmeansbeforedark．②Theproblemisbynomeansassimpleaswefirstthought(绝不像我们开始想的那么简单)．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)bringabout引起；导致(事故，变化)[例]Interest­ratecutshavefailedtobringabouteconomicrecovery.利率下调并没有带来经济复苏。[知识拓展]bringup 养育，培养；提出；呕吐bringback 把……送回；使想起bringdown 使降低；打倒bringin 引入；赚得bringout 出版；使显现[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Theytrytobringoutanewdictionaryeveryotheryear．②Ihavethreepart­timejobs，whichbringinabout￡14，000ayear．③Manywomenstilltakecareerbrekstobringupchildren．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)comeasnosurprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪[例]Mr．Pan'scomplaintwillcomeasnosurprisetohiscompetitors．潘先生的投诉将在竞争对手的意料之中。[知识拓展]insurprise 惊奇地toone'ssurprise 令某人吃惊的是bysurprise 出其不意地[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Paullookedattheboyinsurprise，andthenhesaid，“Wouldyouliketotakearideinmycar？”②Thearmedforcesseemtohavebeentakenbysurprisebytheferocityoftheattack．③Tohissurprise，hesawpotatoesandbreadinfrontofhim．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)depthn．最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚[例]Manydolphinscandivetodepthsof200metres．许多海豚可潜到200米深。[知识拓展](1)the/adepthof...……的深度indepth 深入地；详细地；全面地atadepthof 在……深处(2)deepintothenight 直至深夜deepinthought 陷入沉思(3)deepenvt. (使)变深；增长(知识)[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Hedidnotgetachancetodeepen(deep)hisknowledgeofPoland．②Hehadbeenrestinghisheadinhishands，deepinthought(陷入沉思)．③Extinctionisminimal，andso，evenatadepthoftenfeet(甚至十英尺深的地方)，thelakebottomiswelllit．eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)全部倒装句(教材P2)TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains，whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater．太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川水流侵蚀而成的深谷。句式分析：本句是一个全部倒装句，介词短语TotheeastofthePacificcoast置于句首，句子用全部倒装，谓语动词rise提前。[例1]Onthegroundlaysomeairconditioners．地上放着一些空调。[例2]Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake．山脚下有一个美丽的湖泊。[知识拓展](1)there，here，now，then置于句首，句子用全部倒装；(2)为了描述的生动性，有些表示方向或处所的副词(如：down，up，out，in，off，on，away等)可以移到句首。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Therecomes(come)ourbus．②Outrushed(rush)amissilefromunderthebomber．eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)given作介词(教材P3)Giventheseculturaldifferences，itcomesasnosurprisethatCanadahasbeencelebratingMulticulturalismDaysince2002．考虑到这些文化差异，加拿大自2002年起就一直在庆祝多元文化日也就不足为奇了。句式分析：本句中的given作介词，意为“鉴于”。[例1]Givenhisage(＝Consideringhowoldheis)，he'sremarkablyactive．考虑到他的年龄，他已是相当有活力的了。[例2]Givenherinterestinchildren，teachingseemstherightjobforher．考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。[知识拓展]比较特殊的用法还有：providedthat... 倘若supposing/supposethat 假使considering... 考虑到……judgingfrom/by... 由……判断[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Judging(judge)fromeverythingyou'vesaid，itwasjustaswellshewasn'tthere．②Considering(consider)therestrictionsunderwhichshefilmed，Ithinkshedidacommendablejob．③Providedthatyouhaveenoughmoneyinyouraccount(倘若你账户里有足够的钱)，youcanwithdrawupto￡100aday．④Supposingthatthereisnopurewater(假使没有纯净的水)，whatshallwedrink?教材高考1．Apartfromitsgeographicaldiversity,Canada'smanyruralareasandurbancentersreflectthediversityofitsresidents．(2021·浙江卷1月)But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowedsharply．2．Fromthetoweringmountainpeakstothedepthsoftheforeststotheurbancenters,Canada'sgeographicalwonders,ethnicgroupsandtheirculturesmakeitauniqueplacetoliveandvisit．(2021·天津卷)Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut,onceyouexploretheirdepths,youdiscoverthattheyare．3．There'sathickblanketofsnowinsomemountainareasovermuchofthewinter．(2021·全国乙卷)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies．Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．Sinceitsestablishment(establish)in1945,theUnitedNationshasplayedadominantroleinthedevelopmentofinternationallaw．2．Idistinctly(distinct)heardsomeonecallingmewhenIwaswalkinginthestreet．3．He'soneofthemostdynamically(dynamic)imaginativejazzpianistsofourtime．4．Ihaveheardhimtellpeoplethatwegetalongsplendidly(splendid)．5．Theyweretomeetatagiven(give)timeandplace．6．Aminority(minor)isagroupofpeopleofthesamerace,culture,orreligionwholiveinaplacewheremostofthepeoplearoundthemareofadifferentrace,culture,orreligion．7．Itisreportedthatthesmallerlakerangesfromfivetofourteenfeetindepth(deep)．8．Joeremainedimmobile,asifhehadbeencarved(carve)outofstone．9．Apartfrommyhost,Ididn'tknowasinglepersonthere．10．Hequicklyunfolded(unfold)theblanketsandspreadthemonthebedlastnight．Ⅱ．短语填空behometo；offthebeatentrack；beexposedto；comeasnosurprise;apartfrom;bymeansof1．ThewetlandsoftheYellowSeaarehometoalargevarietyofwildlife．2．Insomecases,drinkingafterbeinginoculated(接种)againstthisdiseasecancausepeopletobeexposedtorisk．3．Youhavetoacceptresponsibilityforthemistake—itshouldcomeasnosurprisetoyou．I'msureyou'vehadenoughwarning．4．Hisfarmisoffthebeatentrack,foritisatleasttwomilesfromthemainroad．5．I'vefinishedthecrosswordapartfrom3acrossand10down．6．Bymeansofmoderntechnologyweareabletocommunicatewitheachotherinstantly．Ⅲ．课文语法填空Canadaisabroadandbeautifulcountry1．stretching(stretch)fromtheAtlantictothePacificOceananditisalsooneofthemostethnicallydiversenationsintheworld．It2．consists(consist)oftenprovincesandthreeterritories．ThegrandRockyMountainsrisetotheeastofthePacificcoast，3．whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleys．Themight