定语从句关系副词

AttributiveClause(II)2021/5/91ThestrucureofanattributiveclauseRevision:基础知识1先行词主句中被修饰或限定的名词或代词关系词关系代词和关系副词，引导定语从句并代替先行词在从句中做相同成分从句1、缺少主语/宾语/状语/定语；2、但必须有谓语；3、所缺成分具有唯一性；4、缺什么补什么；++2021/5/922021/5/932021/5/94Thisisthefilm(which/that)

Isawlastnight.

ThisisthefilmwhosenameisTitanic.Theboyandthegirl(whom/that/who)youseeinthepictureareJackandRose.AttributiveClauseHerearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.∧∧∧∧2021/5/95whichsubject（主语）object（宾语）object（宾语）attribute（定语）I.Review:relativepronounthatwhowhomwhosesomethingsomethingsomebodysomebodysomebodysb./sth.2021/5/96II.Relativeadverbisatenderuniverse.I’mturningaroundin.

Yourhand,____

I’mturningaround

in

,isatenderuniverse.Yourhand,around,isatenderuniverse.

Yourhand,

____

I’mturningaround,isatenderuniverse.whichinwhichI’mturningwhere

关系副词：在从句中做（地点）状语Yourhandyourhand手不是手,是温柔的宇宙,我这个小星球就在你手中转动。SuperStar2021/5/97

①August8th,2008is.

②The29thOlympicGameswereheld

inBeijingon.thedaytheday关系副词：在从句中做（时间）状语August8th,2008istheday

onwhich

the29thOlympicGameswereheld

inBeijing.August8th,2008istheday

whenthe29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing.2021/5/98

Doyouknow

?Shegotsoangryforyesterday.thereasonthereason关系副词：在从句中做（原因）状语Doyouknowthereason

forwhichshegotsoangryyesterday?Doyouknow

thereason

why

shegotso

angryyesterday?2021/5/99relativeadverbwhen

where

why

(=at/in/on/during…which)(=in/at…which)II.Summary时间状语地点状语原因状语(=forwhich)2021/5/910

Iwillturnmytearsintoalake.Youcancampbythelakewhen

tired.

Iwillturnmytearsintoalake

where

youcancampwhentired.Iwillturnmytearsintoalakebywhichyoucancamp.II.Exercise(where)(when)(why)《丝路》1.我将眼泪流成天山上面的湖,让你疲倦时能够扎营停驻。2021/5/911

2.那是个宁静的夏天,你来到宁夏的那一天。

Thatwasaquietsummerday.Youcameontheday.

《宁夏》Thatwasaquietsummerdaywhenyoucame.Thatwasaquietsummerdayonwhichyoucame.2021/5/9123.都是你离开的原因。It'sallthereasons.Youleaveforthereasons.It'sallthereasons

whyyouleave.It’sallthereasonsforwhichyouleave.《旅行的意义》2021/5/913III.介词+关系代词1.根据_______确定介词They'llneverforgetJuly1_________HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.1992istheyear________Iwasborn.on

whichin

whichTheschool_________Iwassentwasverylarge.Baishanisthecity___________hecomes.to

whichfrom

which2.根据从句中__________确定介词先行词谓语动词2021/5/914

III.介词+关系代词3.根据从句中_________确定介词Herson______sheisproudwontheprize.Thestudentsgottheresults_______theteacherwaspleased.withwhichofwhom形容词4.根据_______确定关系词Water,inwhichfish

can

swim,isimportant.Water,_______whichfishcan't

swim,isimportant.without句意2021/5/9155.名词/数词/代词/形容词比较级、最高级等+of+which/whom;介词+whose+名词,表示所属关系，部分与整体等。Hehasthreesons,twoof_____areteachers.Theriver______banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.Jackhasdirectedtwofilms,neitherof______havebeenputon.Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestof______isTaiwan.Thebossin______companyMr.KingworkediscrazyaboutChineseculture.whomwhosethebanksofwhich/ofwhichthebankswhichwhosewhich2021/5/9161.I’llneverforgetthedays______________

weworkedtogether.

I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespent

together.

3.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

Thisisthereason_____________________he

gave.

when/inwhich(which/that)why/forwhich(which/that)2.Iwenttotheplace_______________Iworkedtenyearsago.

Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisited

tenyearsago.where/inwhich(which/that)2021/5/917

III.Preposition+RelativePronoun1.我将眼泪流成天山上面的湖,让你疲倦时能够扎营停驻。

Iwillturnmytearsintoalake.Youcancampbythelakewhen

tired.

2.你喜欢那本你付了十美元的书吗？

Doyoulikethebook?

Youpaid$10forthebook.

Iwillturnmytearsintoalake

where/_________youcancampwhentired.whichDoyoulikethebook__________youpaid$10?

whichbyfor2021/5/918

III.介词+关系代词5.表示所属关系、部分与整体关系时，介词应用__。ofTheylivedinahouse,thewindows______weresmall.Theylivedinahouse,_______thewindowsweresmall.①Theylivedinahousewhosewindowsweresmall.of

whichofwhichHehastencousins,theyoungest_________isclever.Iboughtabagofapples,some________werebad.of

whichof

whom②我买了一袋苹果，其中一些是坏的。他有十个表兄弟，其中最年轻的的很聪明。2021/5/919Preposition谓语动词先行词III.Summary形容词句意所属、部分与整体2021/5/920

介词的选用1,Isthisthecar_____

whichyoupaidahighprice?2,Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____whomshecouldturnforhelp.payapriceforthecarturntosb.forhelpforto2021/5/921

介词的选用1,Isthisroom,wesawabigtable____whichthereweresomeapples.2,Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____whomshecouldturnforhelp.turntosb.forhelptoon

3,Air,__________whichwecan'tlive,isreallyveryimportant。without2021/5/9223,Hebroughttheresult____whichthebosswassatisfied.他带来了老板满意的结果。besatisfiedwiththeresult

with2021/5/9234，Bobfoundthedictionary______whichIhadbeenlooking.

介词不能提前:lookafter照顾lookfor寻找takecareof照顾

这里不能使用

“介词+which”forBobfoundthedictionary

whichIhadbeenlookingfor

.2021/5/924老虎，老鼠，傻傻分不清楚….2021/5/925Thisistheboy___________hetalkedwith.Thisistheboywith_______hetalked.Thisisthering______________shespent1000dollarson.Thisistheringon______shespent

1000

dollars.who/whom/thatwhomwhich/thatwhich指人：介词+whom指物：介词+which2，介词提前2021/5/926(2012.重庆)Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof_____arefamilymembers.A.themB.whoC.whomD.that2.(2010.浙江)Mr.Smithhastwodaughters,andbothof______areinarmy.A.WhomB.themC.that2021/5/927Iwillneverforgetthedays_________Iworkedtogetherwithyou.我永远不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。Iwillneverforgetthedays_________Ispentwithyou.我永远不会忘记和你度过的日子。

when(which/that)指代时间，作时间状语指代时间，作宾语三、区分关系副词和关系代词：2021/5/928Hisfatherworkedinafactory_________makesradioparts.Thisisthefactory_______wemakesradioparts.which/that指代地点，作主语指代地点，作地点状语where2021/5/929Thisisthereason_________heexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?Thereason_____hewaslatewasthatHemissedthetrain.why指代原因，作原因状语指代原因，作宾语(which/that)PS:在做定语从句题时，要判断先行词在从句中所做的语法成分（主语，宾语，定语，状语），再选择相应的关系词。2021/5/930用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts______whichyouropinionisbased.2.Thesong______whichhewasinterestedwillneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason______whichheoftencomestoschoollate.4.Iwillneverforgettheway______whichmyteachertaughtme.5.Thisisthehero______whomweareproud.on

in

forinof2021/5/931Iamlookingforwardtoajob______Icanimprovemyself.WhereB.whenC.thatD.which2021/5/9322.Studentspreferlibrary______theycanstudyastheyexpected.WhichB.wherec.WhenD.why3.Wereachedapoint_______wehavenochoice.WhichB.whenc.WhyD.where2021/5/9334.Wewereputintoaposition_______weacceptthatwewerelessimportant.WhichB.whereC.whyPS:

抽象地点名词(job,point,situation,position，case,state,condition等)作先行词，定语从句多用where引导,通常

翻译为“处境；境地；场合”.2021/5/934PS:先行词是way，意为“方式，方法”在定语从句中做状语时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略；作主语或宾语时用which,或that.

Ididn'tliketheway_______________shetalkedto

me.Wefirstbrokethelawinaway______waspeaceful.

（that/inwhich）5.先行词为theway，关系词的使用which/that2021/5/935巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空

1)October1,1949was

theday______(________)Chinawasfounded.2)Beijingistheplace______(__________)Icame.

3)Isthis

thereason____(________)he

didn’twanttoseeme?

whenonwhichwherefromwhichwhyforwhich巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空2021/5/936

4)Isthistheroom

______(________)wewerelivinglastwinter?5)Thedays

aregone_____(______

______)weused“foreignoil”..6)Yesterday,wehadameeting

______(________)wediscussedmanyproblems..

whereinwhichwhenduringwhichatwhichwhere2021/5/937如何选用定语从句的关系词1.找出定语从句2.找出先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。2021/5/938六.非限制性定语从句Mywatch，

whichisveryold，stoppedagain.Mandelaisgenerouswithhistime，for

whichIamgrateful.Hesaidnothing,whichmadeherangry.Asisknowntousall,shecametohimimmediately.PS:(1)非限制性定语从句先行词可以是一个词，也可以是部分或整个主句，有逗号隔开，不能用that作关系词，且关系词不能省略。2021/5/9392.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(1)限制性定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，若省去，主句的意思就不明确。主从句之间不用逗号隔开。而非限制性定语从句则不然。试比较：ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveread.Thisisagoodbook,whichiseasytounderstand.2021/5/940(2)限制性定语从句的先行词总是一个名词或一个代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是部分或整个主句的意思。此时，一般用关系代词as或which引导。(4)在非限制性定语从句中，不能省略关系代词，而在限制性定语从句中则可以。(3)限制性定语从句可以用关系代词that引导，而非限制性定语从句则不能。2021/5/941Theearthisround,___weallknow.___isknowntoall,theearthisround___isknowntoallthattheearthisround.as

AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的。4as的使用2021/5/942as多用于下列习惯用语中asanybodycansee正如人人都能看到的那样asiswellknown=asisknowntoall众所周知aswehadexpected正如我们所预料的那样asoftenhappens正如经常发生的那样ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述asismentionedabove正如上面提到的2021/5/943Thisi