泰安市2024届高三三模英语试卷（含答案）

泰安市2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题 英语 2024.05注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码、考场号、座位号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheAmazonTheAmazonRiver,thebasinofwhichcovers2.3millionsquaremiles,isincrediblybiodiversewithover30,000speciesofplantsand1,800speciesofbirds.ItplaysanimportantroleinadjustingtheclimateinNorthandSouthAmerica.TheRiveranditsforestsarethreatenedbyhumanactivity,primarypollutionandrapidresourcedepletion(损耗).TheOfficeoftheAmericanStatesDepartmentofSustainableDevelopmentisworkingtomanagethethreats.TheMississippiTheMississippirisesinwesternMinnesotaandflowssouthfor2,530milesintotheGulfofMexico.Millionsofpeopleinover50citiesusewaterfromtheMississippi,andtheriverisalsousedforshippingandagriculture.Hundredsofanimalspecies,including60%ofNorthAmerica'sbirds,calltheareaaroundtheMississippiRiverhome,butriverpollutionandshorelinehabitatdestructionthreatentodisplacethem.Fortunately,manyprojectsandorganizationsaredevotedtoitsconservation.TheDanubeTheDanubeRiverbeginsinwesternGermany,flowingover1,775milesintotheBlackSea.Itspans19countries.TheDamubefeaturesarichlydiverseecosystem,hosting55differentspeciesoffish.CitiesacrossEuropeusetheDanubeforpowergenerationandagriculture,andtherearemorethan700damsintotal.Unfortunately,thisriverisoverfishedandheavilypolluted.TheInternationalCommissionfortheProtectionoftheDanubeRiverwasestablishedin1998tomanageitsconservation.TheMekongTheMekongRiverisanecessarypartofSoutheastAsia'slandscape,culture,andeconomy.AlsocalledtheLancangRiver,itstartsinChina,stretchingover2,850milesthroughBurma,Laos,Thailand,Cambodia,andVietnam.Itsbasinprovidesmorethan65millionpeoplewithfood,drinkingwater,power,andtransportation.DamsandpowerplantsareharmingMekong'secosystems.OrganizationssuchasConservationInternationalareworkingtoprotecttheriverbyadvocatingforitssustainabledevelopment.1.Birdsareaffectedmostaround.A.TheAmazonB.TheMississippiC.TheDanubeD.TheMekong2.HowmanyfishspeciesdoestheDanubehost?A.70.B.65.C.55.D.50.3.Whatdothatfourrivershaveincommon?A.Theycontributetopowerproduction.B.TheyHowthroughmultiplecountries.C.Theyaretroubledbydamconstructions.D.Theyareunderprotectionoforganizations.BAreyourkeysnotinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can'trecallthetitleofabook?I'vehadthosemoments.Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.Anewstudyfinds.Taistudycanhelpslowcognitive(认知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(痴呆).Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid-70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10-mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis26-30.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(损害),whichmeanstheydon'thavedementiabutthey'renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities,Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,people.experiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformofTaiChitwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points,meaningthatthey'regoingtogetthreeextrayearsbeforetheyhitthatdeclineintodementia.ResearchersalsotestedamorestrictertypeofTaiChi,calledCognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi,wheretheyprovidedextrachallenges.Forexample,participantswereaskedtospellaword,backwardandforward,astheymovedthroughaseriesofTaiChimoves.ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitcombinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikecomposingdancingmoves.4.Whyaretwoquestionsraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor'sdoubts.B.Toexpectanswersfromreaders.C.Toanalyzethecausesofforgetfulness.D.Tointroducethemaintopicofthetext.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Cognitiveassessmentmethods.B.Theprocessofrunningthetest.C.Cognitivemeasurementcriteria.D.Thetestresultsoftheparticipants.6.Whatdoesthepre-bestaveragescoreoftheparticipantsimply?A.Mostofthemsufferfrom,dementia.B.Theyremainasquick-mindedasbefore.C.Manyofthemhaveslightcognitivedecline.D.Theycanprotectthemselvesagainstdementia.7.WhydoesTaiChihaveapositiveimpact?A.Ithelpsresolvechallenges.B.Itinvolvesmind-bodymovements.C.Itputsoffcognitivedeclinebythreeyears.D.Itimprovestheparticipantsacademiclevel.CTheoceanishometomorethan200,000knownspeciesandasmanyas2millionthatwehaveyetto

discover.And,itisalsohometo24.4trillionpiecesofmicroplastics.In2022,researchersspotlightedhowbadmarinemicroplasticpollution,isgetting:Thetotalamountofmicroplasticsonthebottomofoceanshasgreatlyincreased.inthepasttwodecades.Microplasticparticlesdon'tjustendupatthebottomoftheocean.Animalsareeatingthem—atleast1,500specieshavebeenreportedtoingestplastic.Andalotofit.Forexample,whalesinNewZealand'sHaurakiGulfconsumeroughlythreemillionmicroplasticsdaily,accordingtoresearchpublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,whichanalyzedwhalewastetoseehowmuchmicroplasticswerepresent.“Otherresearchhasshownthatifplasticsaresmallenough,theycancrossthegut(肠道)wallandgetintointernalorgansthoughthelong-termeffectsarestillunclear.Plasticscanalsoreleasechemicalsthatareharmfultodigestivesystem,”saysKahane-Rapport.“Thisisconcerning,andwhilewedonotyetunderstandthelong-termhealth-effects,itislikelynotagoodsignforwhalesandtheirprey(猎物)toeataman-mademateriallikeplastic.”Thisisobviouslybadforwhales,butitalsohaseffectsonhumansandtheoceanatlarge.Wearealsopartofthesefoodchainsandareconsumingmicroplasticsregularly.Theyareinourbottledwater,inourtablesalt—theyareeveninourhousedustandintheairwebreathe.Andwestilldon'tknowwhatthehealtheffectsare.Meanwhile,theimpactonwhales—andwhatitindicates—istroublingonmanyfronts“Whalesareecosystemengineers,”saysKahane-Rapport.“Theycanspreadthenutrientsthattheyconsumedandserveasecosystemguards—whenwhalesarenothealthy,otherpartsofthesystemwillsufferKahane-Rapportsaysmoreresearchisneeded.“Thenextresearchstepwillbetodeterminehowmuchplasticthewhalesexcrete(排出)andhowmuchisleftintheirbodies.Followingthat,wewouldbeabletodeterminethedirecthealtheffectsontheirtissues.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingest”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Dealwith.B.Bringup.C.Takein.D.Spreadout.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Researchesshowcontradictoryresults.B.Digestivesystemisthemostaffectedpart.C.Smallplasticsaremoreharmfulthanbigones.D.Muchaboutmicroplastics'harmremainsunclear.'10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thevarioussourcesofpollution.B.Tabchainreactionofmicroplastics.C.Possiblesolutionstoplasticpollution.D.Growingawarenessofoceanprotection11.Whatwillthefollowingresearchfocuson?A.MicroplasticpollutiontotheoceanbottomB.Thesufferingsofotheroceancreatures.C.Whales'contributionstotheecosystem.D.Theamountofplasticinbrakesbodies.DOffAustralia'snortherncoast,theremainsofancientcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)formthebedrockofwoodedislands,whicharehometodiverseanimalsandplants,includingmangrove(红树林)foreststhatblankettheircoastsandserveasvitalhabitatsandcarbonstorers.Arecentsurveyshowsthatexpandingseasmighthaveledtoamassivemangroveincrease,researchersreportNovember1inProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB.Mangrovesabsorbcarbondioxideandstoreitas“bluecarbon”,atermforcarbonthatishiddenawayinoceanenvironments.“There'salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange,”saysKerryleeRogers,anenvironmentalscientistattheUniversityofWollongonginAustralia.Butthereremainalotofquestions

aroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.Theywalkedthroughtheseawatertoassesstheplantdiversityandmeasureindividualtrees.Usingthemeasuredwidthsandheightsofseveralmangroves,theteamcalculatedtreewidthsfortherestoftheforestfromthedatatoestimatethetotalmangrovequantity.Theislandshostnearly54,000metrictonsofmangroves,theteamestimates,whichisroughly10,000moremetrictonsthantherewasin1973.TheHowickIslandsareuniquelysuitedtosupportingmangrovesastheoceanrises.AttheendoftheLastGlacialMaximum,around12,000yearsago,waterlevelsrosearoundnorthernAustralia,andcoralreefsgrewupwardtofillthespacethathadopenedforthem.Whensealevelsfellthousandsofyearslater,theexposedreefsbecamesediment(沉积物).Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalt-tolerantmangroves.RogersandHamyltonarenowworkingonabiggerefforttostudymangovesaroundAustralia."Ifwe'regoingtoinvestinmangrovestoprovideusbluecarbonandtoprotectshorelines,weneedtounderstandhowdynamictheyare,"Rogerssays.12、Whatcanbeknownaboutbluecarbon?A.Itisproducedbyoceanwater.B.Itismassivelypresentintheair.C.Itisfriendlyenvironment.D.Itisnutritiousformangroves.13.WhatisthepurposeofHamylton'sresearch?A.Tomeasurethesizeofmangroves.B.Tofigureoutwheretoplantmangroves.C.Toconfirmwhetherlocalnaturalenvironmentispolluted.D.Toseehowthemangrovesrespondtosealevelrise.14.WhatmakestheHowickIslandsthesuitablehabitatsformangroves?A.Thediversityofoceanlife.B.Theincreaseofcoralreefs.C.Thecombinationofsaltwaterandsediment.D.Theformationofthebedrockofwoodedislands.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleofthetext?A.ClimateChangeCausesSeaLevelRiseB.SeaLevelRiseHelpsMangrovesBoostC.EnvironmentonAustraliaIslandsIsImprovingD.ClimateWarmingPosesDangersToMangroves第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforPlanningaNatureWalkWithYourChildWhenitcomestoplanninganaturewalk,thekeytiptokeepinmindistohavefunwithit!16Ifchildrenaregiventheopportunitytoexperiencenature,eveninsimpleways,interactionandengagementfollowquitenaturally.Letyourchildrengetdirty.Ifyourlittleoneisanxioustocrawl(爬)inthedirttogetabetterlookatworms,thengoforit!17Researchsuggeststhatkidswhoplaythedirtareexposedtobacteria,germsandvirusesthatcanhelpbuildtheirimmune(免疫)systemandreducetherisksofcertainallergiesandillnesseslaterinlife.18Encouragethemtostoptoturnoverrocks,touchmoss,andwhentheycan,climbonandoverrocksandfallentrees.Whatevertheenvironment,whichyouassessforanyunreasonabledanger,thechildrencansetthepace——stimulatingconfidence,flexibility,problem-solving,creativity,andasenseofwonder.Getcreative.19Davissuggestspretendingplay,suchasusingastickasaswordormagicwand,ormakingupstoriesabouttheitemsfoundduringyourwalk.Yourfindingsalsoworkgreatforanartproject.“Collectingrockswhileonyournaturewalkcanlaterhepaintedandre-purposedasbeautifulworksofart,”saysDavis.Letolderchildrenbemoreadventurous.Fortheolderkids,it'sallshoutmakingadeeperconnectionwiththeworldaroundthem.Witholderkids,youcanencouragethemtoconnectwithnatureonadeeperlevelbyexploringtheirsenses.20.A.Assessenvironment.B.Haveyourchildrenleadtheway.C.Natureisperfectforachild'screativity.D.Naturewalksdon'thavetobecomplicated.E.Dirtmightgetabadreputation,butitshouldn't.F.Tryhavingthemwalkbarefootondifferentsurfaces.G.Givethemthefreedomtoplayintheirownways.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所结构A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.Shewashaving21infindingwork.“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication22.Iwasfeelingpretty23anddecidedtogototheWholeFoodsacrossthestreet,”Eshelmanrecalled.Asshecrossedthestreet,Eshelman24aandnaskingtormoneyonthecorner.Buthewas25bypassersby.AsEshelman26,bepurmedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney.Shewas27andsald;Leavemealone.Idon'thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”Eshelman28intethegrocerystore.Butsuddenlysherealizedhow29shebadbeentotheman.Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.Sheapologizedand30somecoinsfromthebottomofher31.Asshe32himthechange,themansaid,“It'sOK.Everything33willdisappear.”Andallofasudden,shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher34,andshestartedtocry.“Thatmomentonthestreetwasoneofthefew39inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife,”Eshelmanlatersaid.21. A.fun B.trouble C.experience D.luck22. A.rejected B.submitted C.displayed D.followed23. A.relaxed B.awkward C.nervous D.depressed24. A.remembered B.guided C.spotted D.comforted25. A.ignored B.touched C.rewarded D.cheated26. A.hesitated B.waited C.escaped D.approached27. A.active B.impatient C.anxious D.desperate28. A.slid B.struggled C.got D.looked29. A.helpful B.rude C.strict D.particular30. A.setaside B.putaway C.dugout D.usedup31. A.heart B.pocket C.store D.drawer32. A.handed B.lent C.returned D.awarded33. A.dangerous B.normal C.unpractical D.unpleasant34 A.pain B.choice C.effort D.privilege35 A.instants B.chances C.differences D.flashes

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Youcanbehappyevenwhenyou'resufferingfromillness,butthatdoesn'tmeanyoushouldignoretheaspectsofyourhealth36areinyourcontrol.Exerciseandsleepareparticularlyimportantwhenitcomes37happiness.Makingexercisearegularhabitisn'tjustgoodforthebody.Italsohasa38(power)effectonmentalwell-being.Peoplewhoexerciseregularlyarehappieracrosstheboard.Plus,they'realsolessstressed,anxious,and39(depress).Itdoesn'treallymatter40kindofexerciseyoudo,solongasyoudoitregularly.Forthebestresults,aimforanhourofexerciseatleastfivedaysaweek.Ifyoufindsomethingyouenjoy,you'llbemorelikely41(stick)toit.Sodon'tthinkyou'relimitedto42(go)tothegym.Findsomethingthatsuitsyourlifestyleandpreferences.Ifyou'rehavingtroublethinkingofactivitiesyouenjoy,thinkbacktowhenyou43(be)akid.Whatsportsorgamesdidyouliketoplay?Also,gettingqualitysleepeverynightdirectly44(affect)yourhappiness,andemotionalstabilityduringtheday.Whenyourelackingsleep,you'remucheasiertostress.It'shardertobeproductive,thinkcreatively,andmakewise45(decide).Theaveragepersonneedsatleast7.5-9hourseachnight.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校英文报本周六将举办为贫困山区孩子捐赠图书的活动，请你用英文写一封倡议书，内容包括：1.活动目的和方式；2.呼吁大家参加。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dearfellowstudents,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IntheclassroomofClass7,Grade8,studentswereexcitedaboutanupcomingevent.Theschoolhadorganizedaspeechcompetitiontitled“WaystoBecomeSuccessful,”andmanystudentswereeagertoshowcasetheirpublicspeakingskills.Amongthemwas13-year-oldZexra,who,hadalreadywontwospeechcontestsandwasfullofconfidencethatshecouldwinagain.Zoravolunteeredtorepresentherclassinthecompetition,andafteraroundofvoting,shewaschosenastheclassrepresentative.Althoughtherewereonlysevendaysleftuntilthebigday,Zorafeltasenseofeaseaboutthecompetition.Afterall,shehadbeenherebeforeandknewwhatittooktowin.Athome,Zora'sfathercongratulatedheronherachievement,whilehermotherremindedhertotakethecompetitionseriously.Despiteherparents’advice,Zorawasconvincedthatherpastsuccessesmeantthiswould-beawalkinthepark.Herteacheralsourgedhertopreparediligently,butZoraonly,soughthelponcetoreviseherinitialdraft.Asthedayswentby,Zoradidnotputinthenecessaryefforttorefineherspeech.Whenthedayofthecompetitionarrived,shewashitwithasuddenwaveofpanic.Shecouldn'trememberthecontentofherspeech,andasshesteppedontothestage,heranxietyonlygrew.Afterdeliveringtheopeninglines,shefroze,unabletocontinue.Thesupportiveapplausefromtheaudienceonlyaddedtoherconfusions,leavingnoroomforhertorecallherpreparedwords.Zorastruggledthroughtherestofherspeech,finishingitinastateofembarrassmentandshame.Asshewalkedoffthestage,shesawthedisappointmentinherteacher'seyesandfelttheletdownfromherclassmates.Itwasaheavyburdentobear.注意：1.续写词数应为:150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Backathome,Zoracouldnolongerholdbackhertears.Thenextday,Zorawenttoschoolandapologizedtoherclass.

英语参考答案及解析英语第一部分阅读第一节A【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四条因面临环境问题而受到保护的河流。1.B【解析】理解具体信息。根据文章第二部分中“…butriverpollutionandshorelinehabitatdestructionthreatentodisplacethem.”可知答案。故选B项。2.C【解析】理解具体信息。根据文章第三部分中“TheDanubefeaturesarichlydiverseecosystem,hosting55differentspeciesoffish.”可知答案。故选C项。3.D【解析】理解具体信息。各自的最后部分分别介绍了四条河受保护的情况。故选D项。B【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。4.D【解析】作出判断推理。根据第一段的“Suchinstancesof‘brainfreeze’remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.(这种‘大脑冻结’的例子提醒我们，我们应该尽一切努力保持大脑敏锐。)”和第二段的“AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(认知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(痴呆).(一项新研究发现太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。)”可知，文章开头的两个问题是为了引出“练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆”这个主题。故选D项。5.C【解析】理解主旨要义。本段主要介绍蒙特利尔认知评估,26~30分为正常,18~25分为轻度认知损伤，18分以下为重度认知损伤。由此可知，本段主要内容是认知测量标准。故选C项。6.C【解析】理解具体信息。根据第四段的“Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.”可知,参与测试者前测的平均分是25分。根据第三段的“Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(损害),whichmeanstheydon'thavedementiabutthey'renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintain

everydayactivities.(得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏锐了，可能需要更加努力地维持日常活动。)”可知，他们中的许多人有轻微的认知能力下降。故选C项。7.B【解析】理解具体信息。根据最后一段的“ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitcombinesthememorizationofthemovements(太极之所以有效的理论是它结合了对动作的记忆)”可知，太极之所以起到积极作用是因为它涉及身心运动。故选B项。C【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了海洋中微塑料污染的严重程度以及对鲸鱼和人类健康的影响。8.C【解析】词义猜测。根据上下文,“ingest”在此处的意思是“摄入”，即鲸鱼正在吃掉这些塑料微粒。选项C“Takein”符合这个意思。故选C项。9.D【解析】作出判断推理。根据第三段中“‘Plasticscanalsoreleasechemicalsthatareharmfultodigestivesystem,’saysKahane-Rapport.‘Thisisconcerning,andwhilewedonotyetunderstandthelong-termhealtheffects,itislikelynotagoodsignforwhalesandtheirprey(猎物)toeataman-mademateriallikeplastic.’”可知,我们对微塑料的危害仍知之甚少。故选D项。10.B【解析】理解主旨要义。根据第四段中“Wearealsopartofthesefoodchainsandareconsumingmicroplasticsregularly.Theyareinourbottledwater,inourtablesalt—theyareeveninourhousedustandintheairwebreathe.Andwestilldon'tknowwhatthehealtheffectsare.”可知,本段主要展示微塑料的连锁反应。故选B项。11.D【解析】理解具体信息。根据最后一段中“Thenextresearchstepwillbetodeterminehowmuchplasticthewhalesexcrete(排出)andhowmuchisleftintheirbodies.Followingthat,wewouldbeabletodeterminethedirecthealtheffects·1·英语参考答案及解析

ontheirtissues.”可知,接下来的研究将关注鲸鱼体内塑料的数量。故选D项。D【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。在澳大利亚的一些岛屿上，海平面上升促使红树林的繁荣。12.C【解析】作出判断推理。根据第二段中“There'salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange(人们对利用红树林蓝碳来减少气候变化很感兴趣)”可推知，蓝碳对环境友好。故选C项。13.D【解析】理解具体信息。根据第二段“Butthereremainalotofquestionsaroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.(但它们适应海平面上升的能力仍然存在很多问题。)”和第三段“In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.(2021年,Wollongong环境科学家SarahHamylton领导的一个团队访问了Howick群岛进行了相关研究。)”可知，研究的目的是为了查明红树林对海平面上升的反应。故选D项。14.C【解析】理解具体信息。根据第四段“Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalt-tolerantmangroves.(随着海平面再次上升,盐水和沉积物的混合物成为耐盐红树林的完美家园。)”可知,盐水和沉积物的组合使Howick群岛成为红树林的合适栖息地。故选C项。15.B【解析】理解主旨要义。通读全文可知，文章讲述的是在澳大利亚的一些岛屿上，海平面上升促使红树林的繁荣。所以，B项“SeaLevelRiseHelpsMangrovesBoost”适合做标题。故选B项。第二节【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了计划与孩子一起在大自然散步的几点建议。16.D【解析】第一段概括谈论大自然散步。后文谈到的如果给予孩子探索自然的机会，即便是简单的方式，孩子也会自然地互动和参与进来。据此可以推断出此处应谈到大自然散步是一件并不复杂的事情。故选D项。

17.E【解析】根据本段主题和前后文可以推断出，此处与dirt相关。结合后文谈到的好处可以推断出与dirt的优缺点相关。故选E项。18.B【解析】整段内容谈到鼓励孩子们多去跟大自然接触，去体验不同的环境，家长在确保环境安全的前提下，让孩子确定与大自然接触的节奏。“Haveyourchildrenleadtheway(让孩子们带路)”符合本段文章主题。故选B项。19.C【解析】本段内容与创造力有关。C项“大自然对激发孩子的创造力再合适不过了”符合本段主题。故选C项。20.F【解析】本段主题是“让大孩子们更加有冒险精神”。F项“尝试让他们赤脚在不同的表面上行走”与本段主题内容相关，且与前文“exploringtheirsenses(探索他们的感官)”照应。故选F项。第二部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。LauraEshelman的生活遇到了不如意，感到很沮丧，当一个人向她乞讨一些钱的时候，她很不耐烦地拒绝了。当她意识到自己的不妥行为后，返回去向那个人道歉，那个人简单话语安慰了她的心。21.B【解析】根据上文的“mentalunsettlement”可知,她遇到了麻烦(trouble)。故选B项。22.A【解析】句意：我正要离开市中心的一家公司，在那里我申请的又一份工作被拒绝了(rejected)。故选A项。23.D【解析】根据上文她遇到很多不愉快可知，她情绪低落。故选D项。24.C【解析】句意:当她穿过街道时,Eshelman发现(spotted)一名男子在拐角处要钱。故选C项。25.A【解析】根据but可知,路人没理睬他。故选A项。26.D【解析】句意:当Eshelman走近(approached)时,他转向她,问她是否可以要一点钱。故选D项。27.B【解析】根据说话的内容可知，她不耐烦。故选B项。28.C【解析】句意:Eshelman走进了杂货店。故选C项。29.B【解析】根据上文她对那个人说话的语气可知，她很粗鲁。故选B项。·2·英语参考答案及解析

30.C【解析】句意:然后她掏出了(dugout)一些硬币，当然，这些硬币一直都在她的口袋(pocket)底部。故选C项。31.B【解析】参见上题解析。32.A【解析】句意:当她把零钱递给(handed)他时,那个男人说:“没关系。一切不愉快(unpleasant)都会消失的。”故选A项。33.D【解析】参见上题解析。34.A【解析】句意：很长一段时间以来，她第一次觉得有人看到了她的痛苦(pain)，于是她哭了起来。故选A项。35.D【解析】句意：在我生命中极其黑暗的时期，街上的那一刻是为数不多的闪光(flashes)之一。故选D项。第二节36.that/which37.to38.powerful39.depressed40.what41.tostick42.going43.were44.aff