海南省2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末学业水平诊断英语试题（含答案解析）

海南省2023—2024学年高三学业水平诊断（二）英语考生注意：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthemousecostnow?A.$40． B.$32． C.$20.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Pardonme,whatisthepriceofthismouse?Isitonsale?M:Itisusuallyfortydollars,butitistwentypercentoffuntilthe10thofthismonth.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersprobablydofirst?A.Enjoythetea. B.Cleanthebackyard. C.Sitinthebackyard.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:It’ssuchabeautifulday.Whynotsitoutinthebackyardforawhileandenjoyacupoftea?W:I’dloveto.Butlookatthebackyard!Itisinamess.Let’stidyitupfirst.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelosthermoney.B.Shecouldn’tfindheraccounthistory.C.Hercardwaseatenbythemachine.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:MayIhelpyou,ma’am?Youlookupset.W:TheATMswallowedmycard!NowIcan’tgetthemoneyformytrip.M:Don’tworry.Wecanreadthroughthehistoryandgetyourcardandmoneyback.Justfillinthisform,please.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanspeakerthinkofBob?A.Heiskind. B.Heisbrave. C.Heiseasygoing.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:DidyouhearwhatBobdidlastnight?Hewascookingdinnerforthemembersofthedramaclub.M:Doesn’tsurprisemeonebit.Hedidthesamethinglastterm.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatistheworstthingofJoe’sstory?A.Thegrammar. B.Thehandwriting. C.Thespelling.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Yourstoryisfantastic,Joe,butthehandwritingisbad.Worstofall,yourgrammarisnothingifnotawful.Pleaserewriteit.Thistime,concentrateonyoursentences,please.M:Sorry,MissGreen.Iwillimprovemywork.DidImakeanyspellingmistakes?W:Onlyafew.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatwillthewoman’sspeechmainlybeabout?A.Greenhousegases. B.Coalresources. C.Windpower.7.Whenwillthespeechbegin?A.At2:30p.m. B.At3:00p.m. C.At5:00p.m.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:I’veheardthatyouwillgiveaspeechtomorrow.Whatisitabout?W:Actually,itisaseriesofspeechesonenvironmentprotection.Iwillbethefirstonetotalkaboutwindpower.Andthenmycolleagueswillcontinuetointroducegreenhousegasesandcoalresources.M:Wow,soundslikeabigproject.Whattimewillitstart?W:Itwillbeginat3:00p.m.andendat5:00p.m.attheWolfHall.M:Great.Mylastclasswillfinishat2:30p.m.Icantakethebustothehalldirectlyafterthat.W:Itwillbeperfecttoseeyouthere.Nowlet’sgetstarted!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanwanthishousetohave?A.Twobedrooms. B.Asmallkitchen. C.Abiggarden.9.Whatdoestheman’swifelikedoing?A.Gardening. B.Surfing. C.Swimming.10.Howwillthewomancontacttheman?A.Byphone. B.Byemail. C.Byletter.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Iwanttobuyasecond-handhouse.W:Nicetomeetyou.Whattypeofhousedoyouwant?M:Iwantahousewiththreebedroomsandonelivingroom.W:OK,andcanthishousebeaflat?M:No,itcan’tbeaflat.Wehavegotadog,sowealsoneedabiggarden.Mykidswanttoplaywiththedog,andmywifewantstodosomegardening.Shelovesflowers,yousee.W:Doyouwantanythingelse?M:Mydreamhouseisnexttothebeach.Iloveswimmingandsurfing!W:OK.Therehappenstobeonethatmeetsyourdemand.NowIneedyourphonenumber.M:It’s987-684-4557.W:Gotit!I’llcallyouwhenIgetintouchwiththeownerofthehouse!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomanasksomelocalartiststodo?A.Advertisehergoods. B.Selltheirownworks. C.Givehersomeinspiration.12.Whatwillthewomandoforsmallordersaboutdelivering?A.Chargeasmallfee. B.Deliverthemforfree. C.Giveadiscount.13.Whatisspecialaboutthepackaging?AIt’sexpensive. B.It’srichincolor. C.It’seco-friendly.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Eric,Iwanttostartanonlinestoreforhomemadeitems.Iwanttosellhandmadecandles,soap,andotherhouseholdthings.M:Greatidea!Itsoundslikeitcanbeunique.So,what’syournextstep?W:Iwanttostartbyreachingouttolocalartistsandseeifthey’reinterestedinpartneringwithmeandI’dofferaplatformforthemtoselltheirproducts.M:Goodidea!It’dbeawin-winforbothofyou.Whataboutdeliveries?W:I’vebeenthinkingaboutthat.Iwanttoofferfreedeliveryforordersoveracertainamount,andforsmallerorders,I’llchargeasmallfee.M:Andhowaboutpackaging?W:Iwanttomakesuretheproductsarepackagedwell.I’minvestinginpackagingmaterialsthatarerecyclable.M:Thatsoundsgreat.I’msureitwillbesuccessful.Letmeknowifthere’sanythingIcandotohelp.W:Thanks,Eric.Ireallyappreciateit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthebestwaytostopwastingfoodaccordingtothewoman?A.Storeallthefoodinthefridge.B.Chooseasuitablesupermarket.C.Workoutaplanbeforebuying.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandowhendiningout?A.Pickacheapcafé.B.Bringleftoverfoodhome.C.Eatwithreusablecontainers.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefoodwhichhasjustpassed“best-by”date?A.Itshouldbethrownaway.B.Itissafeandcanbeconsumed.C.Ithasnotpasseditspeakquality.17.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Howtoreducefoodwaste.B.Howtospendlessonliving.C.Howtotreatout-of-datefood.【答案】14.C15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】M:MuchofthefoodIboughtendedupinthetrash,butthere’snothingIcandoaboutit.W:Ofcourseyoucandoalotaboutit.Foronething,youshouldplanahead.Beforeheadingtothesupermarket,checkwhatyoualreadyhaveathomeandplanyourmenufortheweek.It’sthekeysolutiontothefoodwasteproblem.M:Iagree.Idineoutalot.Maybethat’sthereasonwhyIspendsomuchonfood.W:Whendiningout,whetherinarestaurantoracafé,youcouldasktotakeyourleftovershome.Youneedareusablefoodcontainer,ofcourse.M:Isee.AndIfindmanyfoodshaveshortshelflife.Itgivesmeaheadache.W:Youshouldrememberthat“best-by”datesdon’taddressfoodsafety.They’reonlytheretoindicatepeakquality.M:Really?SoIcanstilleatthefood?W:Ithinkso.Butifa“use-by”datehaspassed,youshouldbecarefulandhadbetterthrowitaway.M:It’scomplicated.W:Andhowdoyoutreatthefruitsandvegetablesthatdon’tlookfresh?M:Ithrowthemaway.W:Actuallyyoucanprocessthemwithsaltorfreezetheminthefridge.Bothwayswillgivethemanotherperiodoflife.M:I’vewastedalot.W:Nowonderyouhavespentsomuchonfood.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.HowoftenistheNoeticLearningMathContestheld?A.Twiceayear. B.Onceayear. C.Onceeverytwoyears.19.Whatarestudentsrequiredtododuringthecontest?A.Solve15problemsin45minutes.B.Solve20problemsinhalfanhour.C.Solve30problemsin45minutes.20.Whatwillthetop10%ofteamsreceive?A.A“TeamWinner”medal.B.A“TeamAchievementPlaque”medal.C.A“NationalHonorRoll”medal.【答案】18.A19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:Doyoulovemath?Ifyoudo,whynotgototakepartintheNoeticLearningMathContest?Thecontestisaproblem-solvingcontestforstudentsingrades2to8.Ittakesplaceonceeveryhalfayear.Thegoalofthecompetitionistoencouragestudents’interestinmath,todeveloptheirproblem-solvingskills,andtoinspirethemtodowellinmath.Duringthecontest,studentsaregiven45minutestosolve30problems.Manyproblemsaredesignedtochallengestudentsandtoenrichtheirproblem-solvingexperience.Teachersinanypublicschoolorprivateschoolareencouragedtoasktheirstudentstotakepartinthecontest.Thetop10%ofallstudentsinthecontestineachgradewillreceive“NationalHonorRoll”medals.Thehighestscorerofeachteamwillreceivea“TeamWinner”medal.Thetop10%ofteamswillreceiveanothermedal,“TeamAchievementPlaque”.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAustraliaPostiscelebratingthe10thanniversaryofBirdLifeAustralia’sAussieBirdCountwiththreeofourmostcommonlyseenbirdssettobeflyingacrosstheglobeonacommemorativestampissuelaunchtoday.RainbowLorikeet:Knownforitskaleidoscopiccolors,theRainbowLorikeethasbeenthenumberonemostseenbirdeveryyearoftheAussieBirdCount.Thesesocialandenergeticbirdsareoftenspottedinurbanareas,parks,andgardens,feedingonfloweringnativeplantsandspreadingjoywiththeirplayfulcalls,thoughincitiestowhichtheyhavebeenintroducedsuchasPerthandHobarttheirpresenceisnotsowelcomeastheyout-competelocalparrotspecies.NoisyMiner:Asthenamesuggests,theNoisyMinersarehighlyvocalbirdswithacomplexrangeofcalls.Theyareskilledcommunicators,usingavarietyofsoundstodefendtheirhomeandcommunicatewiththeirgroup.Thesefascinatinghoneyeatersareessentialpollinators,butthenumberoftheseboldbirdshasincreasedsomuchthattheyhavestartedtodriveawaymanyofoursmallerbushbirds.AustralianMagpie:TheiconicAustralianMagpiewithitsdistinctiveblackandwhitefeathers,holdsaspecialplaceintheheartsofmanyAustralians.Knownfortheirbeautiful,melodioussong,magpiesarehighlyintelligentandformstrongsocialbonds.Theyarealsofamousfortheirswooping(俯冲)behaviourduringthenestingseason,astheirprotectiveinstinctskickintosafeguardtheirweakchicksinthenest.Thestampissueincludesvariousproducts,suchastheAussieBirdCountFirstDayCover(GummedStamps),theAussieBirdCountFirstDayCover(Minisheet),andasetofthreeMaxicards,whichcanbeusedaspostcardsandpostedworldwide.Startingtoday,thestampsareavailableforpurchasethroughAustraliaPost’sofficialwebsite:.au//stamps.21.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAussieBirdCount?A.IttakeschargeofBirdLifeAustralia. B.Ithasexistedforabouttenyears.C.Ithasbranchesacrosstheworld. D.Itmainlyfocusesonthreespecies.22WhichcanbespottedeasilyinAustralia?A.RainbowLorikeet. B.NoisyMiner.C.BushMagpie. D.AustralianMagpie.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectlocalbirds.B.Topersuadepeopletocountthenumberoflocalbirds.C.Toencouragepeopletobuystampsaboutlocalbirds.D.Toinformpeopleofthesituationoftheendangeredbirds.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。澳大利亚邮政为庆祝澳大利亚鸟类联盟组织的“澳大利亚鸟类统计”成立10周年而发行一套纪念邮票。文章介绍了邮票上所印的澳大利亚三种最常见鸟类：彩虹吸蜜鹦鹉、喧闹矿工和澳大利亚喜鹊。并号召人们购买该邮品。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AustraliaPostiscelebratingthe10thanniversaryofBirdLifeAustralia’sAussieBirdCount(澳大利亚邮政正在庆祝澳大利亚鸟类联盟组织的“澳大利亚鸟类统计”成立10周年)”可知，澳大利亚鸟类联盟已经存在了约十年。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据RainbowLorikeet部分中“Knownforitskaleidoscopiccolors,theRainbowLorikeethasbeenthenumberonemostseenbirdeveryyearoftheAussieBirdCount.(彩虹吸蜜鹦鹉以其千变万化的色彩而闻名，是澳大利亚鸟类统计中每年最常见的鸟类)”可知，RainbowLorikeet在澳大利亚很容易被看见。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“Thestampissueincludesvariousproducts,suchastheAussieBirdCountFirstDayCover(GummedStamps),theAussieBirdCountFirstDayCover(Minisheet),andasetofthreeMaxicards,whichcanbeusedaspostcardsandpostedworldwide.Startingtoday,thestampsareavailableforpurchasethroughAustraliaPost’sofficialwebsite:

.au//stamps.(发行的邮品包括“澳洲鸟类统计首日封”(背胶邮票)、“澳洲鸟类统计首日封”(小全张)，以及一套三张的美卡，可作明信片使用，并在世界各地投寄。从今天开始，这些邮票可以通过澳大利亚邮政的官方网站：.au//stamps购买)”可推知，文章介绍了为庆祝“澳大利亚鸟类统计”成立10周年而发行一套纪念邮票上的三种常见的鸟类，其目的是鼓励市民购买有关本地鸟类的邮票。故选C项。BVishwanathMallabadiDavangerehasauniquetalentforturningabandoneditemsintoamazingworksofart.Frommetalandplastictoolddevicesandcircuitboards,Vishwanathselectsonlythefinest“goodstuff”withpotentialfortransformation.Vishwanath’sfatherwasawell-knownsculptorandpainter,buthehadhopesofhissonbecomingadoctor.ButVishwanathhadotherideas.Hewasfascinatedwithupcyclingsecond-handobjectsfromayoungage,anddecidedtopursueaBachelorofFineArtsinAppliedArt.Evenasahigh-leveladministratoratWipro,workinginTalentTransformation,Vishwanathwouldn’tshakehispassionforeco-art.Inhisfreetimeandontheweekends,hedevotedhimselftoexperimentingwithe-wasteandcreatingone-of-a-kindmasterpiecesbeforeretiringtwoyearsago.WithIndiafacingagrowinge-wastecrisis,producing10.1lakhtonnesin2019-20withonly22.7%recycled,Vishwanath’spassionforrecyclingismoreimportantthanever.Ashelearnedmoreabouttheharme-wastewascausingtotheenvironment,hetookhisarttothenextlevelcreatingpaintingsandsculpturesthatspreadawarenessaboutthisurgentissue.Fromcomputerkeyboardkeystodatacardsandevenwristwatchparts,Vishwanathhastransformedover500piecesofe-wasteintoamazingpiecesofart!Hehascreatedasix-foot-tallsculpture,eco-jewelleryandevenwearableartforafashionshow.Oneofhismasterpieces—anawesomelandscape—wasinspiredbyVincentvanGogh’sTheStarryNight.Injustafewshortminutes,hecanturnpiecesofe-wasteintogreatpiecesofjewellery.Whenitcomestosculptures,theprocessmighttakeweeksorevenmonths.Butit’sallworthitbecausesustainableinitiativesandupcycledartarefashionablethesedays.Companieseverywherearelookingtoadoptamoresustainableculture,andVishwanath’sartistheperfectadditiontoanyeco-friendlyofficeorhome.24.WhatwasVishwanath’soccupationbeforeretirement?A.Adoctor. B.Afamoussculptor.C.Aconservationscientist. D.Aseniormanagerofafirm.25.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.ThefeaturesofVishwanath’sworks. B.Theseriousnessofe-wasteinIndia.C.ThemotivationforVishwanath’screations. D.TheachievementsofVishwanath.26.WhichisamasterpieceofVishwanathaccordingtothetext?A.TheStarryNight. B.Theeco-jewellery.C.Animpressivelandscape. D.Asix-foot-tallsculpture.27.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofeco-art?A.It’spromising. B.It’sunpredictable.C.Itwillloseitsappeal. D.Itwon’tbeacceptedbycompanies.【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。VishwanathMallabadiDavangere有一种独特的才能，可以把废弃的物品变成令人惊叹的艺术品。文章主要介绍了Vishwanath从事生态艺术这项事业的起因以及他的一些杰作。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Evenasahigh-leveladministratoratWipro,workinginTalentTransformation,Vishwanathwouldn’tshakehispassionforeco-art.(即使作为Wipro的高级管理人员，在TalentTransformation工作，Vishwanath也不会动摇他对生态艺术的热情。)”可知，维什瓦纳特退休前的职业是公司的高级经理。故选D。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“WithIndiafacingagrowinge-wastecrisis,producing10.1lakhtonnesin2019-20withonly22.7%recycled,Vishwanath’spassionforrecyclingismoreimportantthanever.Ashelearnedmoreabouttheharme-wastewascausingtotheenvironment,hetookhisarttothenextlevelcreatingpaintingsandsculpturesthatspreadawarenessaboutthisurgentissue.(随着印度面临日益严重的电子垃圾危机，2019-2020年印度的电子垃圾产量为101万吨，其中只有22.7%被回收，维什瓦纳特对回收的热情比以往任何时候都更加重要。当他更多地了解电子垃圾对环境造成的危害时，他将自己的艺术提升到一个新的水平，创作绘画和雕塑，传播对这个紧迫问题的认识。)”可知，第三段讲了维什瓦纳特创作的动机。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Oneofhismasterpieces—anawesomelandscape—wasinspiredbyVincentvanGogh’sTheStarryNight.(他的杰作之一是一幅令人敬畏的风景画，灵感来自文森特·梵高的《星夜》。)”可知，一幅令人印象深刻的风景画是维什瓦纳特的杰作。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butit’sallworthitbecausesustainableinitiativesandupcycledartarefashionablethesedays.Companieseverywherearelookingtoadoptamoresustainableculture,andVishwanath’sartistheperfectadditiontoanyeco-friendlyofficeorhome.(但这一切都是值得的，因为可持续发展的倡议和升级回收的艺术现在很流行。世界各地的公司都在寻求采用一种更可持续的文化，而维什瓦纳特的艺术是任何环保办公室或家庭的完美补充。)”可知，作者认为生态艺术很有前途。故选A。CUKsafetyadvisershavedismissedconcernsthathighlyprocessedfood,alsoknownasultra-processedfood(UPF),isautomaticallyunhealthybecauseofthewayitismadeoritsartificialingredients.ThecurrentwaythattheUKandmostothercountriesassessthenutritionalvalueoffoods—whichisgenerallybyhowmuchfat,salt,sugarandcaloriestheycontain—remainsthebestapproachtoachievingahealthydiet,saidateamofscientists.Theyalsowarnedthatpeoplewhocutoutallultra-processedfoodscouldmaketheirdietsmoreunhealthy,forinstance,iftheyavoidfoodssuchasyogurts,low-fatspreads,wholemealbreadandfoodmadeofgrains.Concernsaboutprocessedfoodshavebeengrowing,butitisunclearifthereissomethinguniquelybadaboutthemoriftheyjusttendtobehigherinthingslikefatandsugar.TheissuehascomeintofocusthisyearsinceChrisvanTulleken,adoctorandTVpresenter,publishedabookcalledUltra-ProcessedPeople:Whydowealleatstuffthatisn’tfood...andwhycan’twestop?ChrisvanTullekenhascalledformorecountriestoadoptdietaryguidelinespioneeredinBrazil,wherepeopleareadvisedtoprioritiseeatingwholefoodsandhomemademeals,andavoideatingfactory-madefoods.On27September,researchersfromnutritionorganisationsrejectedtheproposedsystem.“Weabsolutelyneedfoodstobeprocessedsothatwecanfeedtheworld,”saidMayattheUniversityofLeeds,UK,whoisamemberoftheBritishNutritionFoundation.MayalsosaidUPFincludesproductsthatarebothhealthyandunhealthy.“It’simportantwedon’tthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwaterhere.Therearemanycomponentsthathaveaveryimportantroletoplayinnutritionandinsafety,”hesaid.Benefitsoffoodprocessingincludetheuseofpreservativesthatmakefoodlastlongestandartificialsweetenersthathelppeoplereducetheirsugarintake,saidMay.Otherexamplesofprocessedfoodsthatcanbebeneficialincludebabyfood,infantformulamilkandbreadswithaddedvitaminsandminerals,saidthepanel.28.Whatcanbeknownfromparagraph1?A.Low-fatspreadsareultra-processedfood.B.Wholemealbreadisunhealthytous.C.Ultra-processedfooddoesn’tcontainsugar.D.Thenutritionalvalueoffoodneedstobepreciselyrecorded.29.WhatdoesChrisvanTullekensuggestpeopledo?A.Theyshouldavoidultra-processedfood. B.Theyshouldnothavehomemadefood.C.TheyshouldconsumemoreBrazilianfood. D.Theyshouldreadmorebooksonhealthyfood.30.WhatdoesMayimplybysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3?A.Kidsshouldraisetheirawarenessoffoodsafety.B.Childrenarethebiggestvictimsofultra-processedfood.C.Ultra-processedfooddoescausemoredamagetochildren.D.Ultra-processedfoodhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowUltra-processedFoodBenefitsPeopleB.Ultra-processedFoodIsn’tAlwaysUnhealthyC.APopularBookBringsFocusonUltra-processedFoodD.WhatHealthRisksUltra-processedFoodBringstoPeople【答案】28.A29.A30.D31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家指出超加工食品并不总是不健康的，研究人员指出超加工食品既有优点也有缺点，人们应该理性看待。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theyalsowarnedthatpeoplewhocutoutallultra-processedfoodscouldmaketheirdietsmoreunhealthy,forinstance,iftheyavoidfoodssuchasyogurts,low-fatspreads,wholemealbreadandfoodmadeofgrains.(他们还警告说，不吃所有超加工食品的人可能会使他们的饮食更不健康，例如，如果他们不吃酸奶、低脂酱、全麦面包和谷物制成的食物。)”可知，低脂酱是超加工食品。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ChrisvanTullekenhascalledformorecountriestoadoptdietaryguidelinespioneeredinBrazil,wherepeopleareadvisedtoprioritiseeatingwholefoodsandhomemademeals,andavoideatingfactory-madefoods.(克里斯·范·图勒肯呼吁更多国家采用巴西首创的饮食指南，建议人们优先食用天然食物和自制食物，避免食用工厂生产的食品。)”可知，克里斯·范·图勒肯建议人们应该避免超加工食品。故选A。【30题详解】句意猜测题。根据划线句上文““Weabsolutelyneedfoodstobeprocessedsothatwecanfeedtheworld,”saidMayattheUniversityofLeeds,UK,whoisamemberoftheBritishNutritionFoundation.MayalsosaidUPFincludesproductsthatarebothhealthyandunhealthy.(英国营养基金会成员、英国利兹大学的梅说：“我们绝对需要加工食品，这样我们才能养活世界。”梅还说，UPF包括健康和不健康的产品。)”以及后文“Therearemanycomponentsthathaveaveryimportantroletoplayinnutritionandinsafety(有许多成分在营养和安全方面发挥着非常重要的作用)”可知，超加工食品包括健康和不健康的产品，并且加工食品养活世界，有许多成分在营养和安全方面发挥着非常重要的作用，从而可知她想表达的是：超加工食品既有优点也有缺点。故划线句意思是“超加工食品既有优点也有缺点”。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“UKsafetyadvisershavedismissedconcernsthathighlyprocessedfood,alsoknownasultra-processedfood(UPF),isautomaticallyunhealthybecauseofthewayitismadeoritsartificialingredients.ThecurrentwaythattheUKandmostothercountriesassessthenutritionalvalueoffoods—whichisgenerallybyhowmuchfat,salt,sugarandcaloriestheycontain—remainsthebestapproachtoachievingahealthydiet,saidateamofscientists.Theyalsowarnedthatpeoplewhocutoutallultra-processedfoodscouldmaketheirdietsmoreunhealthy,forinstance,iftheyavoidfoodssuchasyogurts,low-fatspreads,wholemealbreadandfoodmadeofgrains.(英国安全顾问驳斥了人们的担忧，即高度加工食品，也被称为超加工食品（UPF），由于其制作方式或人工成分而自动不健康。一组科学家说，目前英国和大多数其他国家评估食物营养价值的方法——通常是根据它们含有多少脂肪、盐、糖和卡路里——仍然是实现健康饮食的最佳方法。他们还警告说，不吃所有超加工食品的人可能会使他们的饮食更不健康，例如，如果他们不吃酸奶、低脂酱、全麦面包和谷物制成的食物。)”结合文章主要说明了专家指出超加工食品并不总是不健康的，研究人员指出超加工食品既有优点也有缺点，人们应该理性看待。可知，B选项“超加工食品并不总是不健康的”最符合文章标题。故选B。DCalledoceanthermalenergyconversion(OTEC),theideaistousesurfacewaterwarmedbythesuntoheatafluidsuchasammoniaorwater,whichthenrunsaheatenginetoproduceenergy,justlikeapowerplantdrivenbysteam.Coldwaterfromdeeperlayersoftheoceanwouldthenbepipeduptocoolthefluidandrepeatthecycle.Theoretically,oceanscouldprovidevastamountsofelectricitylikethis.Researchershaveestimatedthatthereisenoughoceanheattosupply7,000gigawattsayearwithoutaffectingoceancirculation,enoughtosupplytheworld’selectricitydemand—ifwecanaccessit.Theideawasfirstputforwardin1881,butwentlargelyunexploreduntilthe1970soil.crisisdroveasearchfornewsourcesofenergy.Intheyearssince,demonstrationprojectshavebeenbuilt,butprogresshasbeen“disappointing”,saysAIBingeratSIDSDOCK,anorganisationthatpromotescleanenergydevelopmentinsmallislandcountries.Inrecentyears,afreshurgencytotransitionawayfromfossilfuelshasbroughtasuggestionofanOTECreturn.“It’sthemostpromisingit’sbeeninmanydecades,”saysAndreaCoppingatthePacificNorthwestNationalLaboratoryinWashingtonstate.Tropical(热带的)islandsaregoodcandidatesforOTECbecauseoftheirhighenergycosts—diesel(柴油)generatorsarecommonthere—andthepresenceofdeepcoldwaternotfarfromshore,saysJamesVanZwietenatFloridaAtlanticUniversity.Islandsalsohavelessspaceforothertypesofrenewables.Abarrierforpastprojectswasthecostoffixingkilometresoflargepipestoreachdeepwater.GlobalOTECaimstoavoidthatbyextendingashorterpipefromaplatformfloatingindeepwater10kilometresoffshore,thentransmittingelectricitybackviaacable(电缆),andmakinguseofadvancesmadeinoffshorewindtechnology.“OTECwillbepartofprovidingareasonableenergytransitionsotheseplacesaren’tdependingondieselimportsfromtherichestpetrolstatesintheworld,”saysDanGrech,GlobalOTEC’sCEO.32.WhatcanwelearnaboutOTECtechnologyfromparagraph1?A.Itmainlyusesoffshorewindtogenerateelectricity.B.Ithasbeenwidelyappliedtotheoceansallovertheworld.C.Itcancleanthewaterinthedeeperlayersoftheocean.D.Itdependsstronglyonthetemperaturedifferenceintheocean.33.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.TheadvantagesofOTEC. B.ThedevelopmentofOTEC.C.SuccessfulprojectsofOTEC. D.DifferentopinionsonOTEC.34.WhatdifficultydidthepastprojectshavewithOTEConislands?A.Lackingtechnologyforgeneratingelectricity.B.Beingfarawayfromtheshore.C.Enormousinvestmentinthepipeequipment.D.Greatdemandforthespace.35.WhatisDanGrech’sattitudetowardsOTEC?A.Opposed. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋热能转换的想法的原理、发展过程、意义、前景等。【32题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Calledoceanthermalenergyconversion(OTEC),theideaistousesurfacewaterwarmedbythesuntoheatafluidsuchasammoniaorwater,whichthenrunsaheatenginetoproduceenergy,justlikeapowerplantdrivenbysteam.Coldwaterfromdeeperlayersoftheoceanwouldthenbepipeduptocoolthefluidandrepeatthecycle.Theoretically,oceanscouldprovidevastamountsofelectricitylikethis.(这个被称为海洋热能转换（OTEC）的想法是利用被太阳加热的地表水加热氨或水等流体，然后运行热机产生能量，就像由蒸汽驱动的发电厂一样。然后，来自海洋较深层的冷水将被输送上来冷却液体，并重复这个循环。理论上，海洋可以像这样提供大量的电力。)”可知，OTEC技术很大程度上取决于海洋中的温差。故选D。【33题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“Theideawasfirstputforwardin1881,butwentlargelyunexploreduntilthe1970soil.crisisdroveasearchfornewsourcesofenergy.Intheyearssince,demonstrationprojectshavebeenbuilt,butprogresshasbeen“disappointing”,saysAIBingeratSIDSDOCK,anorganisationthatpromotescleanenergydevelopmentinsmallislandcountries.Inrecentyears,afreshurgencytotransitionawayfromfossilfuelshasbroughtasuggestionofanOTECreturn.“It’sthemostpromisingit’sbeeninmanydecades,”saysAndreaCoppingatthePacificNorthwestNationalLaboratoryinWashingtonstate.(这个想法最早是在1881年提出的，但直到20世纪70年代石油才得到了广泛的探索。危机促使人们寻找新能源。SIDSDOCK是一个促进小岛屿国家清洁能源发展的组织，它的AIBinger说，在那之后的几年里，示范项目已经建成，但是进展“令人失望”。近年来，从化石燃料转型的新紧迫性带来了OTEC回归的建议。“这是几十年来最有希望的，”华盛顿州太平洋西北国家实验室的安德里亚·科平说。)”可知，第2段主要讲OTEC的发展。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Abarrierforpastprojectswasthecostoffixingkilometresoflargepipestoreachdeepwater.(过去项目的一个障碍是，为深水铺设长达数公里的大型管道的成本。)”可知，过去项目的一个困难是对管道设备的巨大投资。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中““OTECwillbepartofprovidingareasonableenergytransitionsotheseplacesaren’tdependingondieselimportsfromtherichestpetrolstatesintheworld,”saysDanGrech,GlobalOTEC’sCEO.(“OTEC将提供合理的能源转型，使这些地方不再依赖于从世界上最富有的石油国家进口柴油，”全球OTEC首席执行官DanGrech表示。)”可知，DanGrech对于OTEC是支持的。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourUsefulWaystoStopComparingYourselftoOthers•Don’tcompareyourlifetoeveryoneelse’shighlightreel(高光时刻).Areyoureadyformymostshockingobservationyet?____36____.It’susuallynotthecompletepictureofsomeone’slife—it’sjustthehighlightreel.We’respendingallthismoneyandemotionalenergyjusttokeepupwithalifewethinkeveryoneelseislivingandwe’remissingoutonwhat’shappeningrightinfrontofus.Andthatisruiningnotonlyourmentalhealth,butourfinancial