河北省邢台市2023-2024学年部分高中高三二模英语试题(解析版)

高中名校英语试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省邢台市2023-2024学年部分高中高三二模英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowdoesJessicausuallytalktoTara?A.ThroughtheInternet. B.Throughphonecalls. C.Throughtextmessages.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Jessica,Taramessagedmeearlier.Iamgoingtogiveheracalllatertonight.Doyouwantmetosayhelloforyou?W:Sure,butweactuallytalkallthetime.Wehaveanonlinechatroomwithsomeothergirls.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Onaplane. C.Inacafe.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:Excuseme.CanIhaveaglassofjuice?W:Hereyouare.Andpleasefastenyourseatbelt.3.Whoishavingaholidayabroad?A.Jack. B.Mike. C.John.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Jackwon’tattendtheparty.Heisn’tfeelingverywellnow.W:So,we’llhavethreepeopleabsent.JohnistravelingabroadandMikehastostaylateattheoffice.4.Howmanypeoplewillattendthemeetingaccordingtothewoman?A.About25. B.Atmost50. C.Atleast75.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Only50peoplehavesignedupforFriday’smeetinguptonow.W:TherewillbeatleasthalfthatmaysignuponFriday,somakesurewehaveroomfor75.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heusedtohaveacar. B.Helikesdrivingverymuch. C.Helivesfarfromthesubway.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:Iheardyou’vesoldyourcar.M:Yes.I’veneverlikeddrivinganyway.Nowwe’vemovedtoaplaceneartheundergroundrailwaystation.Andtransportnowisnotaproblemforme.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abudgetproblem. B.Astudyproblem. C.Alifestyleproblem.7.Whatwillthewomando?A.Workmore. B.Askthemanforhelp. C.Spendlessmoney.〖答案〗6.A7.B〖解析〗M:Hi,Carina.Longtimenosee.Iheardyouhadagoodpart-timejobatthemall.W:Ido.Iworkabouttwentyhoursaweek,andthepay’snotbad.Andmyparentssendmefivehundreddollarsamonth,too.But...Ionlymanagetosaveabouttendollarsamonth.It’sadrag!M:Itsoundslikeyouhaveabudgetproblem.Simple,eitherworkmoreorspendless.W:I’mdefinitelynotgoingtoworkmore.Ah,youworkinabanknow,andIthinkyouarethebestpersontohelpmemakeabudget!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Howdothespeakersfeelnow?A.Homesick. B.Annoyed. C.Hungry.9.Whichfestivaliscelebratedinthewoman’smotherlandatthistimeofayear?A.Halloween. B.TheDayoftheDead. C.TheNewYamFestival.10.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Autumn.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.C〖解析〗M:YonMididn’tcometolunch.Shemightbehomesick.W:Ifeelkindofhomesick,too.M:Ihavethesamefeeling.ImisstheNewYamFestivalatthistime.It’sabigpartywithdancingandsinging.W:Backhomeatthistimeofyear,wecelebrateTheDayoftheDead.InMexico,wehonorourdeadancestorsonthisday.M:Howinteresting!Youshouldgiveapresentationtotheclassaboutthat.W:Ihaveabetteridea.YonMimightlikeit,too.WecouldhaveanInternationalFallFestival.M:Great,wecansharesomethingaboutsomefestivalsinfallallovertheworld.W:Yes,andIthinkourteacherswillsupportus.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buyamonitor. B.Sellhiscomputer. C.Askforabetterguarantee.12.WhyisAmazonmentionedbytheman?A.Tomakeabargain. B.Totellhisfavoritesite. C.Togiveabadexample.13.Howmuchdoesthemanpay?A.$1,846. B.$1,656. C.$1,496.〖答案〗11.A12.A13.B〖解析〗M:Doyouhavethismonitor:49WL95C?W:Yes,wedo.MayIknowyourrequirement,sir?M:Iwanttobuildacomputerwithanadjustableviewinganglemonitor.Myoldoneisoutofdate.Whatwouldbethepriceforthismonitor?W:Sir,itis$1,846.Butwehaveaspecialdiscountandwearesellingthisfor$1,656.M:Okay,butthepriceonAmazonmaybealittlelower.Itwas$1,496thelasttimeIchecked.W:Sir,thepriceonAmazonchangeseverynowandthen.Also,weprovideabetterguarantee.Youcanbringthemonitorbackhereifyouhaveanyproblemwithit.M:Thatsoundsnice.Pleasepacktheproduct.W:Haveagreattrip!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatwasthewoman’sfeelingattheverybeginning?A.Shefeltdelighted. B.Shefeltsurprised. C.Shefeltguilty.15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Roommates. C.Hostandguest.16.Wherewasthecathiding?A.Inthebedroom. B.Inthelivingroom. C.Inthelaundryroom.17.Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthecat?A.Shenevertriestogooutside.B.Sheisafraidoftheoutsideworld.C.Shealwayscomesbackbyherself.〖答案〗14.C15.B16.A17.B〖解析〗W:Lenny,I’mnotsurehowtosaythis.IthinkIlostyourcatthismorning.M:What?W:I’msorry.WhenIopenedthefrontdoortogetthemorningpaper,Isawherrunpastmereallyquickly.Itriedtoclosethedoorintime,butshemusthavegottenout.M:Diane,she’sahousecat.She’snotsupposedtogooutside,ever!Shecouldgetlostandneverfindherwayback.Orworse,shecouldbehitbyacar!W:Ifeellikeaterribleroommate,Lenny.IwishthereweresomethingIcoulddotofixthis.M:Wait...Didyoucheckunderthebedwhereshewas?W:Hmm,Ididn’tthinktolookthere.Ijustassumedthatshehad...M:LookwhoIfound!W:Oh,Ican’tbelieveit!M:Sometimesshestartstoheadoutthere,butshechangeshermindatthelastsecond.Thenshejustgoesbacktohersafeplace!Theoutsideworldcanbeascaryplaceforher!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whoarethevolunteersprobably?A.Teachersfrommiddleschools.B.Peoplefromalloverthecountry.C.Studentsfromseverallocalhighschools.19.Whenisthevolunteers’nexttriptothebeach?A.ThisSaturday. B.NextSaturday. C.NextSunday.20.Whatdothevolunteersneedfromothercitizens?A.Somecameras. B.Glovesandbags. C.Theirsupport.〖答案〗18.C19.A20.C〖解析〗Foryears,StanleyBeachhasbeenknownasthedirtiestbeachinthecountry.Butthat’sabouttobechanged.Volunteersfromanumberoflocalhighschoolshavesetouttocleanitup.Asamatteroffact,theywentontheirfirstcleaningtriplastSunday,spendingfourhourspickinguptrashalongthecoast.Intheend,theywentawaywithfivehundredkilogramsofplasticwaste!Now,theirnexttriphasbeenscheduledforthecomingSaturday.Meanwhile,theyhavealsoputoutacalltoinvitemorecitizenstojointheirefforts.Ifyouwishtohelp,pleasebeattheSeaCafeat8amonSaturday.Overthere,glovesandgarbagebagswillbeprovided.Whatallthevolunteersneedfromcitizensisthekindsupport!Severalnewsstationswillalsobetheretofilmtheevent.SopleasebepreparedtoseeyourselvesonTVsoon!第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANeverclimbedbefore?Itdoesn’tmatter!BouldersIndoorClimbingCentreisafantasticoutingforthewholefamilythat’sguaranteedtopackyourdaywithfunandadventure!Noexperienceisnecessary.Undertheguidanceofqualifiedinstructors,youwillstepoutsideofyourcomfortzoneinasafeandcontrolledenvironment.Allequipmentisprovided—justbringyourspiritofadventureandyourwillingnesstochallengeyourself!Bouldersspecializesinintroducingpeopleofallabilitiesintothisvertical(垂直的)worldinafun,safeandinclusiveway!Withclimbingwallsthatreachbetween4to12metresinheight,Boulders,whosetaskistoteachyoualltheskillsrequiredtoclimbsafely,isdesignedtotrainthebravestexplorer.Youwilllearnhowtomovearoundtheclimbingwallinasafemanner,andhowtodifferentiate(区分)betweengradesandvarietiesoftechniques.There’sevenacafeonsitewithfreeWi-Fi,sosendthechildrentoclimbandcheckinwiththeofficewhileyou’reenjoyingaskinnylatte!Bouldersoffersawiderangeofclimbingactivities,including:Climbingclassesforchildren,families,studentsandadultsBirthdaypartiesforallagesChildren’sholidayactivitiesSoftplayforchildren7yearsoldandunderClimbing-IntroductioncoursesOpeninghours:Mon.—Fri.10:00—22:00Sat.—Sun.10:00—18:00Price:Adults£15Child£10Familypass:£38Upto4persons.Thepriceincludesentrytothewallafterthesession,registrationfeeandshoehire.Rentalshoes&chalkincluded.21.Whoarethepotentialcustomersoftheclimbingcenter?A.Qualifiedinstructors. B.Childreninterestedinclimbingindoors.C.Experiencedclimbers. D.Peopleaddictedtoclimbingoutdoors.22.WhatistheaimforBouldersaccordingtothetext?A.Toinstructtheloverstogainskillsofclimbingsafely.B.Tohelpinstructorstoenjoythespiritofadventure.C.Toguaranteetheclimbersoutoftheircomfortzones.D.Toequiplearnerswithabilitiestodesignclimbingwalls.23.Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildpayforentryandrentalshoesatleast?A.£40. B.£25. C.£35. D.£38.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了巨石室内攀岩中心的相关信息。〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D【21题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“BouldersIndoorClimbingCentreisafantasticoutingforthewholefamilythat’sguaranteedtopackyourdaywithfunandadventure!(巨石室内攀岩中心是全家的绝佳之旅，保证你的一天充满乐趣和冒险！)”可知，这是一所室内攀岩中心，适合家庭活动，由此可推测出，该中心的潜在顾客包括对室内攀岩有兴趣的孩子。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Withclimbingwallsthatreachbetween4to12metresinheight,Boulders,whosetaskistoteachyoualltheskillsrequiredtoclimbsafely,isdesignedtotrainthebravestexplorer.(巨石的攀岩墙高达4至12米，其任务是教你安全攀登所需的所有技能，旨在训练最勇敢的探险家。)”可知，巨石室内攀岩中心的任务是教攀岩爱好者安全攀登所需的所有技能。故选A。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据文章的“Price:Adults£15Child£10(价格：成人£15儿童£10)”“Familypass:£38Upto4persons.(家庭通行证：38英镑最多4人。)”和“Thepriceincludesentrytothewallafterthesession,registrationfeeandshoehire.(价格包括课后攀墙入场费、注册费和鞋子租赁费。)”可知，一对夫妇加一个孩子不超过4人，购买入场费和鞋子租赁费时，如果单独付款，则为15×2+10=40英镑，如果购买家庭通行证，则总共需花费38英镑。由此可知，他们至少花费为38英镑。故选D。BKe’NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter(面糊)toensuretheywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningontop.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old’s“Moana”-themedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehadordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke’Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.In2020,shestartedbakingoutofboredomandadesireforcake.Sheaskedhermomforasolution.Mompointedhertoaboxofcakemixinthecupboard.Ke’Nyzjah’sfirstattemptfailed.Butshetriedmakingmorecakesthenextday.Shegotbetter.ShewatchedhoursofYouTubevideostocomeupwitharecipeandtoteachherselfbakingtechniques.“OnceIgotonInstagramandstartedseeingotherpeople’sdecoratedcakes,that’swhenIgotinspiredtobeacakeartistinsteadofjustabaker,”shesaid.Shetookbusinessclassessuchasdigitalmarketingatherschool.Shealsoregisteredforacoursetobecomeacertifiedcustomerservicespecialist.Ittaughtherhowtotalktocustomersandgetthroughasale.She’sconstantlytryingtofindmorewaystopromoteherbusinessandfindnewclients.“It’salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealotsometimes,butImanage.”NakesiaFercbec,Ke’Nyzjah’smother,feltherdaughter’sfatherhasbeeninfluential.Ke’Nyzjahgiveshermotheralargeofthecredit.“She’slikemybiggestsupporter.She’smademewhoIam.I’vecometorealizethatIamanincredibleperson.”24.WhatwasKe’Nyzjahdoingaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Designingathemedparty. B.Makingcakesforbusiness.C.Preparingforherbirthdayparty. D.Placinganorderforcakesonline.25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutKaykeBakery?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Ithostspartiesforcustomers.C.Itisajointbusiness. D.Itmainlyprovidesserviceforkids26.WhatmightbeachallengeforKe’Nyzjah?A.Attendingbusinessclasses. B.Teachingherselfbakingtechniques.C.Gettingalongwithherclients. D.Balancingherbusinesswithschooling.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ahome-basedteenbaker. B.Aboredom-killingbakery.C.Howtobecomeacakeartist. D.Howtostartabusiness.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Ke’NyzjahFerebee，一个十几岁的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，开展网上定制业务，生意火爆。〖答案〗24.B25.A26.D27.A【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Ke’NyzjahFerebeewasstandingbythekitchenworktop,addingcupcakelinerstoapan.Sheusedanicecreamspoontofilleachwithcakebatter(面糊)toensuretheywouldlookidentical.Afinishedgroupsatonthecounterwithwhitebuttercreamturningontop.Thecupcakeswerefora2-year-old’s“Moana”-themedbirthdayparty.Thenextday,shehadordersforatwo-tieredcakeandtwobirthdaycakes.(Ke’NyzjahFerebee正站在厨房的工作台面旁，往平底锅里加纸杯蛋糕衬垫。她用冰淇淋勺把蛋糕面糊填满，以确保它们看起来一模一样。一群吃完的人坐在柜台上，上面是白色的奶油。这些纸杯蛋糕是为一个两岁孩子的《海洋奇缘》主题生日派对准备的。第二天，她收到了两层蛋糕和两个生日蛋糕的订单。)”可知，Ke’Nyzjah在为生意做蛋糕。故选B。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.(她要求订单至少提前两到四周通知，而她每周会收到六到七份订单。)”可知，KaykeBakery很受欢迎。故选A。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“It’salittledifficulthavingtokeepupwithbothmyInstagramandmyFacebookpagesandmanagingschool,personallifeandabusiness.Itcanbealotsometimes,butImanage.(要同时关注我的Instagram和Facebook页面，还要管理学校、个人生活和生意，这有点困难。有时会有很多，但我能应付。)”可知，Ke’Nyzjah面临的挑战是平衡她的事业和学业。故选D。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Whilemostteenagersarespendingthesummerhangingoutwithfriendsandworking,Ke’Nyzjahisfillingorders,updatingherwebsiteandgettingnewbrandingphotos.SheownsandoperatesKayKeBakery,ahome-basedbusiness,specializingincustomcakesandcupcakes.Sheoffers14flavors.Sherequiresatleasttwotofourweeks’noticeonorders,andshegetssixtosevenaweek.(当大多数青少年都在和朋友出去玩、工作的时候，Ke’Nyzjah却在接订单、更新她的网站、拍摄新的品牌照片。她拥有并经营KayKeBakery，这是一家以家庭为基础的企业，专门从事定制蛋糕和纸杯蛋糕。她提供14种口味。她要求订单至少提前两到四周通知，而她每周会收到六到七份订单。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Ke’NyzjahFerebee，一个十几岁的青少年，在父母的支持下，在家自己制作蛋糕，开展网上定制业务，生意火爆，故选A。CGeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth’shistory—alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000-kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting(漂移),leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?TheseabedstructuresuggeststhatthecontinentdriftednorthwestwardandendedupSoutheastAsia.Butsurprisingly,thereisnolargecontinenthiddenbeneaththoseislands,onlysmallcontinentalfragments(碎片)surroundedbyancientoceanicbasins.Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn’treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa“veryextendedandfragmentedcollection”undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragmentsthatweredispersed,whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent’sgeologicalfeatures.However,withadvancedtechnologyandthediscovery,scientistscannowpiecethemtogether.Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland’swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostcompletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos—animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.ThestoryofArgolandisnotoneofcompletedisappearancebutoftransformation.Astheworldcontinuestoevolve,thislostcontinentservesasapowerfulsymbolofthefragilityoflifeonthisplanet,andareminderoftheimportanceofrespectingandprotectingtheworldthatwelivein.28.WhatdoweknowaboutArgoland?A.Itsplitintotwopiecesmanyyearsago.B.ItbrokeawayfromthecontinentofAfrica.C.ItsanktothebottomoftheArgoAbyssalPlain.D.ItexistsasfragmentsundertheeasternislandsofIndonesia.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispersed”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Crashed. B.Connected. C.Distributed. D.Disappeared.30.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“Wallaceline”inparagraph4?A.TointroducetheearlyhistoryofArgoland.B.TostressthesignificanceoftracingArgoland.C.ToprovethebiodiversityofSoutheastAsianislands.D.ToexplaintheevolutionaryprocessofAustralianspecies.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDiscoveryofaLostContinent B.TheBoundariesofWildlifeHabitatsC.TheGeologicalFeaturesofArgoland D.TheFormationoftheArgoAbyssalPlain【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开。文章解释了阿尔戈大陆早年从澳大利亚大陆分离，往西北方向漂移，最终在印度尼西亚岛屿的东部以广泛分散的碎片形式被发现。这一发现对于科学家们研究生物多样性以及东南亚岛屿上神秘的华莱士线都有着重要的意义。〖答案〗28.D29.C30.B31.A【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn’treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa“veryextendedandfragmentedcollection”undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.(利用这一理论，乌特勒支大学的地质学家发现，阿尔戈大陆并没有真正消失，而是作为一个“非常广泛并分散的集合体”存在于印度尼西亚东部的岛屿下方)”可知，阿尔戈大陆是以碎片的形式存在于印度尼西亚东部岛屿之下。故选D项。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragments”可知，阿尔戈大陆不像非洲和南美洲那样是整齐地分裂成两部分，阿尔戈兰大陆分裂成许多较小的碎片，再结合画线词下文“whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent’sgeologicalfeatures”可知，这使得科学家很难确定它的位置并研究它的地质特征。然而，利用先进的技术和这项新发现，科学家们现在能够将它们拼凑起来。故画线词所在句应表示阿尔戈大陆分裂成许多“分散的”小碎片。“Distributed”意为“分散的”，符合语境，故选C项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland’swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostcompletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos—animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.(追溯大陆的变迁对于我们理解生物多样性的发展过程至关重要。这有助于解释神秘的华莱士线，它是一条虚构的边界，将东南亚岛屿上的哺乳动物、鸟类甚至早期人类物种分隔开来。这条边界之所以令科学家困惑，是因为它清晰地划分了岛屿上的野生动物。在这条线的西侧是类似猿和大象的胎盘哺乳动物，但这些动物在该线的东侧几乎完全不存在，取而代之的是有袋类动物和凤头鹦鹉等通常与澳大利亚相关联的动物。研究人员推测，这可能是因为阿尔戈大陆带着自己的野生动物从澳大利亚漂移至东南亚，这有助于解释为什么不同的物种分布在不同的国家)”可推知，第四段提及“华莱士线”旨在强调追溯阿尔戈大陆的意义。故选B项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“GeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth’shistory—alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000-kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting(漂移),leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?(长期以来，地质学家一直对地球历史上缺失的一段历史着迷——一块名为阿尔戈兰的失落大陆。大约1.55亿年前，这块5000公里长的大陆从西澳大利亚分离出来，开始漂流，在海洋深处留下了一个盆地，被称为阿尔戈深海平原。但阿尔戈兰到底去了哪里？)”结合本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开。文章解释了阿尔戈大陆早年从澳大利亚大陆分离，往西北方向漂移，最终在印度尼西亚岛屿的东部以广泛分散的碎片形式被发现。这一发现对于科学家们研究生物多样性以及东南亚岛屿上神秘的华莱士线都有着重要的意义。结合选项，A项“失落大陆的发现”能够概括文章主旨，故选A项。DThere’sausefulconceptfrompsychologythathelpsexplainwhygoodpeopledothingsthatharmtheenvironment:thefalseconsensuseffect.That’swhereweovervaluehowacceptableandprevalent(普遍的)ourownbehaviorisinsociety.Putsimply,ifyou’redoingsomething(evenifyousecretlyknowyouprobablyshouldn’t),you’remorelikelytothinkplentyofotherpeopledoittoo.What’smore,youlikelyoverestimatehowmuchotherpeoplethinkthatbehaviorisbroadlyOK.Thisbias(偏见)allowspeopletojustifysociallyunacceptableorillegalbehaviors.Researchershaveobservedthefalseconsensuseffectindruguseandillegalhunting.Morerecently,conservationistsarebeginningtorevealhowthiseffectcontributestoenvironmentaldamage.InAustralia,peoplewhoadmittedtopoachingthoughtitwasmuchmoreprevalentinsocietythanitreallywas,andhadhigherestimatesthanfisherswhoobeyedthelaw.Theyalsobelievedothersviewedpoachingassociallyacceptable;however,inreality,morethan90%offishersheldtheoppositeview.Thefalseconsensuseffecthasalsoshownupinstudiesexaminingsupportfornuclearenergyandoffshorewindfarms.Justasconceptsfrompsychologycanhelpexplainsomeformsofenvironmentaldamage,sotoocantheyhelpaddressit.Forexample,researchshowspeoplearemorelikelytolitterinareaswherethere’salreadyalotoftrashscatteredaround;somakingsurethegroundaroundabinisnotcoveredinrubbishmayhelp.Factualinformationonhowotherpeoplethinkandbehavecanbeverypowerful.Energycompanieshavesubstantiallyreducedenergyconsumptionsimplybyshowingpeoplehowtheirelectricityusecomparestotheirneighbors.Encouragingly,stimulatingpeople’snaturaldesireforstatushasalsobeensuccessfulingettingpeopleto“gogreentobeseen”,ortopubliclybuyeco-friendlyproducts.Astheresearchevidenceshows,socialnormscanbeapowerfulforceinencouragingandpopularizingenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors.Perhapsyoucandoyourbitbysharingthisarticle!32.Whichexamplebestillustratesthefalseconsensuseffect?A.AstudentspendslonghourssurfingtheInternet.B.Abloggerassumesmanypeopledislikehisposts.C.Adriverfrequentlyparksillegallyinpublicplaces.D.Asmokerbelievespeoplegenerallyapproveofsmoking.33.HowdidmostAustralianfishersviewtheissueofpoaching?A.Itisunacceptable. B.Itiswidespread.C.Itiscontroversial. D.Itiscomplex.34.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gogreentobeseen”inparagraph5mean?A.Embracegreenhabitsforbetterhealth.B.Makegreenchoicesthatotherscanperceive.C.Joingreenmovementsforpersonalfulfillment.D.Choosegreenitemsthatareeasytospotinstores.35.Whatisarecommendedapproachtoaddressingenvironmentalproblems?A.Downplaysocialnorms. B.Highlightpersonalresponsibilities.C.Publicizesustainablepractices. D.Encouragetechnologicalinnovations.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了错误共识效应这种心理现象，同时探讨了如何利用该效应解决环境问题。〖答案〗32.D33.A34.B35.C【32题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There’sausefulconceptfrompsychologythathelpsexplainwhygoodpeopledothingsthatharmtheenvironment:thefalseconsensuseffect.(心理学中有一个有用的概念，可以帮助解释为什么好人会做危害环境的事情：错误共识效应。)”和“Putsimply,ifyou’redoingsomething(evenifyousecretlyknowyouprobablyshouldn’t),you’remorelikelytothinkplentyofotherpeopledoittoo.(简单地说，如果你正在做某件事（即使你私下里知道你可能不应该做），你更有可能认为很多其他人也在做这件事。)”可知，错误共识效应使人们可以为社会不可接受或非法的行为找到合理化的理由。只有D选项“Asmokerbelievespeoplegenerallyapproveofsmoking.(吸烟者认为人们普遍赞成吸烟。)”最能说明错误共识效应。故选D。【33题详析】细节理解题。从第三段“Theyalsobelievedothersviewedpoachingassociallyacceptable;however,inreality,morethan90%offishersheldtheoppositeview.(他们还认为，其他人认为偷猎是社会可以接受的；然而，在现实中，超过90%的渔民持相反的观点。)”可知，大多数澳大利亚渔民觉得偷猎是不可接受的。故选A。【34题详析】词句猜测题。从倒数第二段中“ortopubliclybuyeco-friendlyproducts(或者公开购买环保产品)”可知，or表示“或者”，说明划线短语和buyeco-friendlyproducts意思相近，也就是买东西时做出环保的选择，并且让他人看见或知道，和B选项“Makegreenchoicesthatotherscanperceive.(做出别人能理解的绿色选择。)”意思相近。故选B。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Justasconceptsfrompsychologycanhelpexplainsomeformsofenvironmentaldamage,sotoocantheyhelpaddressit.(正如心理学概念可以帮助解释某些形式的环境破坏一样，它们也可以帮助解决环境破坏问题。)”，倒数第二段的“Factualinformationonhowotherpeoplethinkandbehavecanbeverypowerful.Energycompanieshavesubstantiallyreducedenergyconsumptionsimplybyshowingpeoplehowtheirelectricityusecomparestotheirneighbors.(关于别人如何思考和行为的事实信息是非常强大的。能源公司仅仅通过向人们展示他们的用电量与邻居的比较就大大减少了能源消耗。)”和最后一段的“Astheresearchevidenceshows,socialnormscanbeapowerfulforceinencouragingandpopularizingenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors.(正如研究证据所表明的那样，社会规范可以成为鼓励和普及环境友好行为的强大力量。)”可知，改变人们的观念可以解决环境问题，也就是要宣传可持续发展的做法。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manysignificantinternationalprojectshaveconsideredhowschoolingmightchangetobettermatchthechangesthathavetakenplaceinthe21stcentury.____36____Oneisashiftinthemeaningofknowledge,andtheotheristheneedtobuildeducationsystemsbasedaroundwhatwenowknowaboutlearning.Theterm“knowledgeage”or“knowledgeeconomy”referstoareorganizationawayfromanIndustrialAgeeconomy,whereexploitation(开采)ofnaturalresources,primaryproductionandmassproductionwerethestandardmodelsforeconomicdevelopment.____37____Thisisachievedthroughtherapidcreationofnewknowledgeandhasbecomethebasisforeconomicdevelopment.Itisarguedthateducationfortheknowledgeagemustfocusonthedevelopmentoflearners’competencestodealwithnewsituationsandenvironments.____38____Nordoesitdenytheneedforobviousgoalsforstudents’knowledgedevelopment.Rather,thefuture-focusededucationliteraturesuggestsweneedtoadoptamuchmorecomplexviewofknowledge,onethatincorporatesknowing,doingandbeing.Alongsidethisweneedtorethinkourideasabouthowourlearningsystemsareorganized,resourcedandsupported.Researchclearlyshowsthatpeopledonotlearnwellaspassiverecipients(接受者)ofpre-packaged,bite-sizedpiecesofknowledge.____39____Althoughsomeoftheseprinciplesareunderstoodbymanyteachers,oureducationsystemsandpracticesareoftensetupinwaysthatdonotsupporttheseprinciplestooperateinpractice.Teachersandschoolleadersareattemptingparadigm(范式)shifts.____40____A.Thereneedstobewiderpublicsupportforthem.B.Therearetwoimportantideasthatsupportthiswork.C.Thisdoesnotmeanthatknowledgenolongermatters.D.Goodlearningrequiresactive