2024届广东省汕头市高三下学期一模英语试题（含答案解析）

2024年汕头市普通高考第一次模拟考试英语本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。试题序号从“21”开始。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestSellersInArchitectureWearedisplayingproductsshippedtoyourlocation.Shopourbestsellingbookstoday!SteepleChasing:ChurchesareallaroundLondon.Theycontainartandarchitecturalwonders.Award-winningwriterPeterRosssetsouttotelltheirstories,andthroughthemastoryofBritain.JoinhimashevisitsLondon’sgreatcathedralswiththeirhistoriesoffireandlove.Itisaboutpeopleasmuchasplace.E-bookEdition:£12.99Hardcover:£13.67Paperback:£8.99TheArtOfHome:InTheArtOfHome,theauthorSheaMcGeetakesusthrougheveryroomofthehouse,startingwithanexplanationofprocessandthenguidingourentryways,livingrooms,kitchens,officesandkids’rooms.Withstep-by-stepguidance,Sheahelpsustransformthemostimportantpartsofourlivesandhowwelive.E-bookEdition:£16.99Hardcover:£19.27SortYourLifeOut:Thefirstofficialbookfromthelife-changingBBCshow,SortYourLifeOutwillgiveyouthetoolstotransformyourhomeinthreesimplesteps:1.CLEAN—howtoletgoandclearoutthechaos.2.SORT—timetosell,donate,recycleandupcycle.3.SYSTEMISE—learnhowtoorganise,foldandstoreinawaythatismanageable.E-bookEdition:£7.99Hardcover:£16.99NeverTooSmall:Smallfootprintdesignprovesthatlivingbetterdoesn’thavetomeanlivinglarger.FollowingthesuccessoftheirfirstbookthesecondvolumeofNeverTooSmallthatexploressmallspacelivingshowcases30newandoutstandinghomesfromaroundtheworld.Thebookfeaturesbeautifulphotographyandoffersaninspiringmodelforthefutureofhousing.Hardcover£27.61.WhatisSteepleChasingabout?A.ExploringhistorybehindLondon’schurches.B.Spreadingknowledgeofchurchconstruction.C.Showingbeautifulphotographyofgreatcathedrals.D.Sharingexperienceofbeinganaward-winningwriter.2.WhatdoTheArtOfHomeandSortYourLifeOuthaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesameprices. B.Theyarebothadaptedfromashow.C.Theysharethesimilarfocus. D.Theybothguidereadersinthreesteps.3.WhichofthefollowingmeetstheconceptofNeverTooSmall?A.Lessismore. B.Livesmallerbutbetter.C.Thesmaller,thebetter. D.Enlargeyourspace,enlargeyourlife.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几本建筑类的畅销书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SteepleChasing:部分的“ChurchesareallaroundLondon.Theycontainartandarchitecturalwonders.Award-winningwriterPeterRosssetsouttotelltheirstories,andthroughthemastoryofBritain.JoinhimashevisitsLondon’sgreatcathedralswiththeirhistoriesoffireandlove.(伦敦到处都是教堂。它们包含艺术和建筑奇迹。获奖作家彼得·罗斯开始讲述它们的故事，并通过它们讲述英国的故事。和他一起参观伦敦伟大的大教堂和它们的火与爱的历史)”可知，这本书主要是探索伦敦教堂背后的历史。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据TheArtOfHome:部分的“Withstep-by-stepguidance,Sheahelpsustransformthemostimportantpartsofourlivesandhowwelive.(在一步步的指导下，谢伊帮助我们改变生活中最重要的部分，以及我们的生活方式)”和SortYourLifeOut:部分的“Thefirstofficialbookfromthelife-changingBBCshow,SortYourLifeOutwillgiveyouthetoolstotransformyourhomeinthreesimplesteps(《整理你的生活》是改变生活的BBC节目的第一本官方书籍，它将用三个简单的步骤告诉你改变你的家的工具)”可推知，这两本书的共同之处在于他们有着相似的关注点——即改变生活。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NeverTooSmall:部分的“Smallfootprintdesignprovesthatlivingbetterdoesn’thavetomeanlivinglarger.(小足迹设计证明，生活得更好并不意味着生活得更大)”可知，“生活得更小，但更美好”符合这本书的概念。故选B。BHereweare,wrappingup2023inaredbowlikeoneoftheholidaypresentsinaTVcommercial.Itwasayearfullofpoeticdiscoveriesforoureditorialteamandespeciallyforme.Iencounteredsomanynew-to-mepoets.DianaSolísfromtheDecember2022issueandJoyceMansourfromtheJune2023issueareexamplesofthis:poetswithwhomIwasunfamiliarandwhohavenowbecomepartofmydailyconversation.LivinginChicago,ImighthaveencounteredDianaSolíssomeotherway.Sheisaniconofrevolutionarypoetryandphotography.Whatagifttolearn,tobeenthusiasticaboutnewpoeticslikeI’mstillinthefrontrowoftheclassroom,tryingtodomybest.TwotruthsI’velearnedaboutChicagosincemovinghere:Chicagoisacitythatholdsthingscloseanddoesn’tneedtoshowoffaboutitsriches.Andtherearericheseverywhere—greatmusicallovertheplace,thebestpizza,anembarrassmentofarchitectures,and,ofcourse,poetryoneverycorner.NelsonAlgrensaideverygreatwritermustspendtimeinChicago.Thefinalversionof2023isfromadistinguishedChicagoan,thepoetandjournalistFrankMarshallDavis.WhenIreadhisworkforthefirsttime,Iwasstruckbythetruthofthepoems,hisclear-eyedcritique(批评).Hewasatruthtellerwhennoonewantedtolisten.ThisissuealsoincludespoemsofanotherChicagogreat,Li-YoungLee.Hispoemstaughtmehowtothinkaboutromanceasanengineforapoem.Multiplegenerationsofpoetshavebeenusingtheman’sgesturesintheirlovepoems,oftenwithoutrealizingit,becauseeventheirteacherswereborrowingfromLi-YoungLeetoo.Somaybethatiswhythisissuehasmeinmyholidayfeels.Poemscanbeforthepoetandthecommunityconcurrently,anofferingoftheselfthatindicatesthecareofthegiver.4.Whatistheoccupationoftheauthor?A.Amagazineeditor. B.Anewsreporter.C.Ablogwriter. D.AChicagoanpoet.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheyear2023?A.Everythingwasnewinthisyear. B.Itwasayearofpoetryrevolutionary.C.Newpoetsledthewayinthisyear. D.Itwasayearofdiscoveryandlearning.6.WhatimpressestheauthormostaboutChicago?A.Thegreatarteverywhere. B.Itsmulticulturalatmosphere.C.Theeconomicdevelopment. D.Itshiddenmusicandpoems.7.WhydoestheauthormentionpoetsFrankMarshallDavisandLi-YoungLee?A.Tosetexamplesforyoungpoets.B.Toshowthegreatimpactofpoems.C.Topromotetheiruniquewritingtechnique.D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofpoetryreading.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者对自己在芝加哥的2023年的工作和生活进行了总结，并感悟到诗歌的伟大。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Itwasayearfullofpoeticdiscoveriesforoureditorialteamandespeciallyforme.(对我们的编辑团队来说，这是充满诗意的发现的一年，对我来说更是如此。)”可知，作者的职业是一位杂志编辑。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Itwasayearfullofpoeticdiscoveriesforoureditorialteamandespeciallyforme.(对我们的编辑团队来说，这是充满诗意的发现的一年，对我来说更是如此。)”和文章第二段“TwotruthsI’velearnedaboutChicagosincemovinghere:Chicagoisacitythatholdsthingscloseanddoesn’tneedtoshowoffaboutitsriches.(搬到这里后，我了解到关于芝加哥的两个事实：芝加哥是一个亲近事物的城市，不需要炫耀自己的财富。)”可知，作者认为2023年是发现和学习的一年。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Andtherearericheseverywhere—greatmusicallovertheplace,thebestpizza,anembarrassmentofarchitectures,and,ofcourse,poetryoneverycorner.(到处都是财富——到处都是美妙的音乐，最好吃的披萨，令人尴尬的建筑，当然，每个角落都有诗歌。)”可知，芝加哥令作者印象最深刻的是无处不在的伟大艺术。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thefinalversionof2023isfromadistinguishedChicagoan,thepoetandjournalistFrankMarshallDavis.WhenIreadhisworkforthefirsttime,Iwasstruckbythetruthofthepoems,hisclear-eyedcritique(批评).Hewasatruthtellerwhennoonewantedtolisten.ThisissuealsoincludespoemsofanotherChicagogreat,Li-YoungLee.Hispoemstaughtmehowtothinkaboutromanceasanengineforapoem.Multiplegenerationsofpoetshavebeenusingtheman’sgesturesintheirlovepoems,oftenwithoutrealizingit,becauseeventheirteacherswereborrowingfromLi-YoungLeetoo.(2023年的最终版本出自芝加哥著名诗人兼记者弗兰克·马歇尔·戴维斯(FrankMarshallDavis)之手。当我第一次读他的作品时，我被诗歌的真实性和他敏锐的批判所震撼。没人想听的时候，他会说真话。这期还包括另一位芝加哥伟人Li-YoungLee的诗歌。他的诗教会了我如何把浪漫当作一首诗的引擎。好几代诗人都在他们的爱情诗中使用这个男人的手势，往往没有意识到这一点，因为甚至他们的老师也在借用Li-YoungLee。)”可知，作者提到这两位诗人是为了展示诗歌的影响。故选B。CAwildAfricanbirdthatwillleadpeopletotreeswithhoneycomb(蜂巢)seemstosomehowlearnthedistinctwhistlesandcallsofthehumanforagers(觅食者)wholivenearthem.Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.Withitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees.“That’sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,”saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Prettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.Thismakesitclearthatthebirdshavelearnedwhattheirhumanneighborsdowhentheywanttopartnerupandgohoney-hunting.“Thisisaverystrongresultwhichsupportstheideathatthere’salearningprocessinvolved,”saysWood.Buthowdothebirdslearn?It’sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney—whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conspicuous”inPara.2mean?A.Eye-catching. B.Care-free. C.Naughty. D.Attractive.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?A.Theyareraisedbyhumans. B.Theyhelpcutopenthetreetrunk.C.Theyfeedonhoneyastheirannualdiet. D.Theycandistinguishdifferentwhistles.10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?A.Acomplexdilemma. B.Anunfairtrade.C.Adouble-edgedsword. D.Awin-wincooperation.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Thefamiliarsignalintheforest.B.Atalentedexpertinhuntingthebees.C.Awonderfulguidetocollectinghoney.DThehuman-animalcommunicationinTanzania.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种将人类带到有蜂巢的树上的非洲野鸟似乎不知何故学会了住在它们附近的人类觅食者独特的口哨声和叫声，从而帮助人类和自己获得蜂蜜。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Withitsnoisychatteringsound(这只鸟叽叽喳喳叫得很响)”可知，响亮的叫声这只鸟引人注目，由此可知，conspicuous意为“引人注目的”。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.(研究发现，当播放当地人熟悉的信号时，这些鸟更有可能出现。根据这项研究，当哈扎哨声响起时，这些鸟出现的几率为82%。但当研究人员吹响另一个国家传统上使用的哨子时，它们出现的几率只有24%。)”可知，这些鸟能够区分不同的哨声。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.(可以肯定的是，这种人类与动物之间的交流似乎对双方都有好处，而且这种交流可能可以追溯到几千年前。)”可知，这个采蜜的过程是一个双赢的合作。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述了一种将人类带到有蜂巢的树上的非洲野鸟似乎不知何故学会了住在它们附近的人类觅食者独特的口哨声和叫声，从而帮助人类和自己获得蜂蜜。由此可知，C项：Awonderfulguidetocollectinghoney.(一个收集蜂蜜的好向导。)是最合适的标题。故选C。DTheintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)ineducationaltechnologyhasbroughtconvenienceandefficiencytoclassroomsworldwide.However,despitetheseadvancements,itiscrucialtorecognizethesignificantchallengesitposestotheautonomyandprofessionaljudgmentofinstructors.OneoftheprimaryconcernsassociatedwithAI-driventoolsineducationisthedepersonalizationofinstruction.Thesetoolsoftenrelyonpre-packageddigitalcontentandstandardizedsolutions,leavinglittleroomforinstructorstotailortheirteachingmethods.Eachstudentpossessesuniquecharacteristics,includingdistinctlearningstyles,strengths,andweaknesses.Instructors,armedwiththeirwealthofexperienceandexpertise,arebestpositionedtocustomizetheirapproachestomeettheseindividualneeds.Theyknowhowtoadapttotheirstudents’varyinglearningstyles.However,AI-drivenplatformsrestricttheirabilitytodosoeffectively,resultinginaone-size-fits-allapproachthatfailstoengageandinspirestudentstoreachtheirmaximumpotential.Theimplicationsofthisdepersonalizationarefar-reaching.Bydiminishing(降低)theroleofinstructorsasfacilitatorsofmeaningfuleducationalinteractions,weruntheriskofpreventingthegrowthofcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskillsamongstudents.Educationshouldnotmerelyfocusonknowledgeacquisition(习得),butshouldalsodeveloptheabilitytoanalyze,evaluate,andapplythatknowledgeinreal-worldcontexts.Itshouldhelpone’smindgrow,notsimplypossessinformation.Throughdynamicclassroomdiscussions,cooperativeprojects,andhands-onactivities,instructorsplayavitalroleincultivatingtheseessentialskills.AI-drivenplatforms,withtheirstandardizedsolutionsandautomatedfeatures,areill-equippedtoprovidethesamelevelofengagementandintellectualstimulationashumaninstructors.WhileAI-drivenplatformsundeniablyhavetheiradvantages,wemustnotlosesightoftheimportanceofpreservinginstructors’autonomyandtheeducationalexperiencetheyprovide.12.WhydoAI-driventoolsfailtohelpinstructorsadjusttheirteachingmethods?A.Theirsolutionswillbechallenged. B.Theydon’thaveprofessionaljudgement.C.Theirdigitalcontentissetpreviously. D.Theythinklittleofthestudents’autonomy.13.WhatadvantagedoinstructorshaveoverAI-driventools?A.Theyaremoreprofessional. B.Theycansatisfyindividualneeds.C.Theyhavehigherefficiency. D.Theyadoptone-size-fits-allapproach.14.Inwhichaspectdoesdepersonalizationineducationinfluenceonstudents?A.Theirresponseinclassroomdiscussions.B.Theirabilityinsolvingreallifeproblems.C.Theirwillingnesstocooperatewithothers.D.Theiradaptabilitytovariouslearningstyles.15.Whatshouldeducationfocusonapartfromknowledgeacquisition?A.Doingcooperativeprojects. B.Organizinghands-onactivities.C.Developingthinkingability. D.Evaluatingstudents’development.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能(AI)与教育技术的融合为世界各地的课堂带来了便利和效率。然而，尽管取得了这些进步，但认识到这对教师的自主性和专业判断构成的重大挑战是至关重要的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thesetoolsoftenrelyonpre-packageddigitalcontentandstandardizedsolutions,leavinglittleroomforinstructorstotailortheirteachingmethods.(这些工具通常依赖于预先打包的数字内容和标准化解决方案，教师几乎没有空间来定制他们的教学方法。)”可知，人工智能驱动的工具无法帮助教师调整教学方法，因为其数字内容是之前设置的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Eachstudentpossessesuniquecharacteristics,includingdistinctlearningstyles,strengths,andweaknesses.Instructors,armedwiththeirwealthofexperienceandexpertise,arebestpositionedtocustomizetheirapproachestomeettheseindividualneeds.Theyknowhowtoadapttotheirstudents’varyinglearningstyles.(每个学生都有独特的特点，包括不同的学习方式、优点和缺点。教师拥有丰富的经验和专业知识，最适合定制他们的方法来满足这些个人需求。他们知道如何适应学生不同的学习方式。)”可知，与人工智能驱动的工具相比，教师的优势在于他们可以满足个人需求。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Bydiminishing(降低)theroleofinstructorsasfacilitatorsofmeaningfuleducationalinteractions,weruntheriskofpreventingthegrowthofcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskillsamongstudents.(通过削弱教师作为有意义的教育互动促进者的作用，我们冒着阻碍学生批判性思维和解决问题能力发展的风险。)”可知，教育中去人格化对学生的影响主要表现在学生解决现实生活问题的能力上。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Educationshouldnotmerelyfocusonknowledgeacquisition(习得),butshouldalsodeveloptheabilitytoanalyze,evaluate,andapplythatknowledgeinreal-worldcontexts.(教育不应该仅仅关注知识的获取，还应该培养分析、评价和在现实环境中应用这些知识的能力。)”可知，教育除了注重知识的获取外，还应注重思维能力的培养。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheDeclutteringPhilosophyThatKeepsYourHomeOrganizedWhenyousitatyourdesk,youmayconstantlybeconfrontedbychaos.____16____Hereanexpertsharesaboutsomeusefulstrategiestokeepourmessesatbayandherdeclutteringphilosophy—gettingridofunnecessarypossessionsanddistractions.____17____“Whatbecomesclutterandwhereyourcluttercollectscansayalotaboutwhat’sgoingonwithyou.”Thusthefirstthingyoushouldkeepinmindistounderstandyourclutter.Whenyouunderstandthereasonsbehindyourclutter,it’saloteasiertoknowwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.Whenitcomestoorganizing,don’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.Ifyoustartoffwithtoobigagoal,youmightgetdiscouragedifthejobtakestoolong.____18____Instead,startwithsomethinglesschallenging.Youcanalsoworkwithinshorttimerestrictions.Allinall,settingrealisticgoalsandbreakingtasksupintomanageableportionscanreallyhelp.Onceyou’vechosenanareatodeclutter,makealistofeverythingyouhaveinthatspace.Thencomesthehardestpart:figuringoutwhattogetridof.Atthisstage,pleaselookatyouritemswithneutraleyes.____19____Admittedly,it’seasytobeorganizedthedayafterdecluttering,whentidinessisstilltopofmind.Butwhathappenswhenyoucomehomefromatripandaretootiredtounpackyourluggage?Orwhenyougetthefluandaretoosicktocleanup?____20____Inotherwords,makeasystemthatworksforyouevenwhenyou’vegottoworkorwhenyou’vegotacold.A.Everyone’scluttertellsapersonalstory.B.Sodon’trestoreyourentiregarageinoneafternoon.C.Thekeyistocreatepracticesthatcanbeeasilymaintained.D.Itcanhelpyouletgoofthingsyoudon’tneedbutfeelattached.E.Comparativelyspeaking,thejobtakingshortertimewillbeeasiertofinish.F.Atthistimeyoumaywonderhowtocleanupyourspaceandkeepitthatway.G.Ifyouareworriedaboutthesesituations,youcandelayyourdeclutteringschedule.【答案】16.F17.A18.B19.D20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些让你的家井井有条的整理哲学。【16题详解】根据上文“Whenyousitatyourdesk,youmayconstantlybeconfrontedbychaos.(当你坐在办公桌前时，你可能会经常面对混乱)”和下文“Hereanexpertsharesaboutsomeusefulstrategiestokeepourmessesatbayandherdeclutteringphilosophy—gettingridofunnecessarypossessionsanddistractions.(在这里，一位专家分享了一些有用的策略来防止我们的混乱，以及她的整理哲学——摆脱不必要的财产和干扰)”可知，此处要介绍防止混乱的方法，说明面对混乱时想要知道如何整理，F项：Atthistimeyoumaywonderhowtocleanupyourspaceandkeepitthatway.(这个时候，你可能想知道如何清理你的空间并保持这种状态)承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Whatbecomesclutterandwhereyourcluttercollectscansayalotaboutwhat’sgoingonwithyou.”(什么变成了杂物，你的杂物收集到哪里，可以说明很多关于你的事情)”可知，本段主要讲述了杂物都有自己的故事，A项：Everyone’scluttertellsapersonalstory.(每个人的杂物都有自己的故事)符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Ifyoustartoffwithtoobigagoal,youmightgetdiscouragedifthejobtakestoolong.(如果你一开始就设定了一个太大的目标，你可能会因为工作耗时太长而灰心丧气)”可知，不要设定太大的目标，这样做会有坏处，B项：Sodon’trestoreyourentiregarageinoneafternoon.(所以不要在一个下午修复你的整个车库)和上文形成因果关系，举例具体说明什么样的目标是大目标，符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Atthisstage,pleaselookatyouritemswithneutraleyes.(在这个阶段，请用中性的眼光看你的物品)”可知，空处承接上文，说明用中性的眼光看待物品的好处。D项：Itcanhelpyouletgoofthingsyoudon’tneedbutfeelattached.(它可以帮助你放下那些你不需要但感觉很依恋的东西)符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】根据下文“Inotherwords,makeasystemthatworksforyouevenwhenyou’vegottoworkorwhenyou’vegotacold.(换句话说，建立一个即使在你必须工作或感冒时也能为你工作的系统)”可知，空处和下文内容一致，说明关键问题是创建容易维持的实践。C项：Thekeyistocreatepracticesthatcanbeeasilymaintained.(关键是创建易于维持的实践)符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。Amazoniannativesarefacinghomedestruction.Toarousepeople’sawarenessofprotectingthem,Thomas,anAmericandocumentarian,decidedtorecordthelivesoftheAwa,a____21____andisolatedAmazoniancommunity.Forthesakeofgainingtheirtrust,Thomashadtomixhimselfwiththenatives.When____22____theirunknownpersonaldailyroutine,hetriedtoremainas____23____aspossible.____24____,hefailed.Asatallman____25____overthenativesat1.93meters,Thomascouldn’tfitin____26____.Itwasn’tjustawhiteguywalkingin,butamassivelargeone.Thomas____27____somethingelse—makingfriends.Withthehelpofasillyapplicationinhissmartphone,Thomassoon____28____thechildren,fillingtheforestwithheartylaughter.Afterall,thekidsdidn’thavethe____29____asadults.Unexpectedly,theadultsalsoburstintolaughter,asymboloftrustthatensuredThomashewas____30____.Therainforestisamazing,butitwaschallengingtoworkinit.Heat,rain,andvariousunwantedsouvenirsfromAmazonian____31____complicatedThomas’job.Thebitesandpoisongothimtostirupalove-haterelationship,oncepushinghiminadilemma.Despitethe____32____,Thomasinsistedonhismission.TomakeaudiencebetterunderstandtheAwa,Thomasfocusedonsomething____33____,liketheuniversalaffectionforhomesandfamilies.Withthecommontopics,viewerscan____34____thefeelingsandbetterrealizetheAwa’scurrentproblem.Withtirelessefforts,Thomaspresentedthe____35____lifeoftheAwatotheworld,fosteringabetterunderstandingandsupportforprotectingtheAwa’shome.21.A.mysterious B.rural C.religious D.diverse22.A.performing B.documenting C.following D.organizing23.A.unknown B.unaffected C.unchanged D.unnoticeable24.A.Instead B.Somehow C.Unfortunately D.Accordingly25.A.towering B.taking C.watching D.concerning26.A.physically B.culturally C.mentally D.comfortably27.A.worriedabout B.waitedfor C.talkedabout D.turnedto28.A.fooled B.amused C.cheated D.impressed29.A.barriers B.education C.rules D.experience30.A.humorous B.welcome C.entertaining D.accomplished31.A.communities B.climate C.insects D.ceremony32.A.boredom B.objection C.unwillingness D.struggle33.A.unique B.similar C.typical D.positive34.A.express B.reflect C.share D.exchange35.A.fantastic B.novel C.independent D.real【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.A27.D28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是为了唤起人们保护亚马逊原住民的意识，美国纪录片导演托马斯记录Awa人的生活，向世界展示了Awa人的真实生活。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了唤起人们保护他们的意识，美国纪录片导演托马斯决定记录Awa人的生活，这是一个神秘而孤立的亚马逊社区。A.mysterious神秘的；B.rural农村的；C.religious宗教的；D.diverse多样化的。根据下文“unknownpersonaldailyroutine”可知，这个社区的日常是不为人知的，所以这是一个神秘的社区，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在记录他们不为人知的个人日常生活时，他尽量不引人注意。A.performing表演；B.documenting记录；C.following跟随；D.organizing组织。根据上文“documentarian”可知，他是纪录片导演，所以他是记录那个地方的人的日常生活。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在记录他们不为人知的个人日常生活时，他尽量不引人注意。A.unknown未知的；B.unaffected不受影响的；C.unchanged不变的；D.unnoticeable不引人注意的。根据上文“theirunknownpersonaldailyroutine”可知，为了记录当地人不为人知的个人日常生活时，他应该要悄悄进行，所以不能引起当地人的注意，因此空格处是unnoticeable。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他失败了。A.Instead相反；B.Somehow不知怎么地；C.Unfortunately不幸的是；D.Accordingly相应地。根据下文“hefailed”可知，他失败了，这是不幸的。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个身高1.93米的高个子，托马斯在身体上无法融入当地。A.towering高出许多；B.taking拿走；C.watching观看；D.concerning使忧虑，使担心。根据下文“overthenativesat1.93meters”可知，此处是说他个子很高，比当地人高出很多。故选A。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一个身高1.93米的高个子，托马斯在身体上无法融入当地。A.physically身体上；B.culturally在文化上；C.mentally精神上；D.comfortably舒服地。根据上文“overthenativesat1.93meters”可知，他比当地人高太多了，所以在身体上无法融入当地环境。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：托马斯转向了别的事情——交朋友。A.worriedabout担心；B.waitedfor等待；C.talkedabout谈论；D.turnedto求助于。根据上文“Thomascouldn’tfitin__6___”和下文“makingfriends”可知，他个子太高，融入不了当地环境，所以就转向别的事情，就是交朋友。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在智能手机上一个愚蠢的应用程序的帮助下，托马斯很快就逗乐了孩子们，让森林里充满了发自内心的笑声。A.fooled愚弄，欺骗；B.amused使发笑；C.cheated欺骗；D.impressed使留下深刻印象。根据下文“fillingtheforestwithheartylaughter”可知，他把那些孩子逗乐了，空格处意为“使发笑”。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，孩子们没有成年人那样障碍。A.barriers障碍；B.education教育；C.rules规则；D.experience经验。根据上文“Asatallman__5__overthenativesat1.93meters”可知，他个子太高，和当地人有身高的障碍，而对着孩子，没有这种障碍。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，大人们也爆发出笑声，这是信任的象征，让托马斯确信自己是受欢迎的。A.humorous幽默的；B.welcome受欢迎的；C.entertaining使人愉快的；D.accomplished非常优秀的。根据上文“theadultsalsoburstintolaughter”可知，大人也笑了，表明他们信任托马斯，说明托马斯是受欢迎的。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：炎热、雨水和亚马逊昆虫留下的各种不想要的纪念品使托马斯的工作变得复杂。A.communities社区；B.climate气候；C.insects昆虫；D.ceremony仪式，典礼。根据下文“Thebites”可知，在那里有昆虫咬他。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，托马斯仍坚持他的使命。A.boredom无聊；B.objection反对；C.unwillingness愿意；D.struggle难事。根据上文“Thebitesandpoison”可知，那儿有昆虫咬他，还有毒，这一切都是他在那儿面临的困难，空格处用struggle。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了让观众更好地理解Awa，托马斯关注了一些类似的东西，比如对家庭和家庭的普遍情感。A.unique独特的；B.similar相似的；C.typical典型的；D.positive积极的。根据下文“liketheuniversalaffectionforhomesandfamilies”可知，托马斯关注了一些类似的东西。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过共同的话题，观众可以分享自己的感受，更好地认识到Awa族目前面临的问题。A.express表达；B.reflect反映；C.share分享；D.exchange交换。根据上文“thecommontopics”和下文“thefeelings”可知，有了共同的话题，观众就可以分享自己的感受。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过不懈的努力，托马斯向世界展示了Awa人的真实生活，促进了对保护Awa人家园的更好理解和支持。A.fantastic非常棒的；B.novel新颖的；C.independent独立的；D.real真正的。根据下文“lifeoftheAwatotheworld”和常识可知，托马斯给世界呈现的肯定是Awa人真正的生活，这是纪录片最基本的要求。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthegentlewintersunlight,GulangyuIslandlieslikeapearlintheocean,quietlyrevealing____36____(it)uniquecharm.Thissmallislandisawitness____37____history.Everybrickseemstotellstoriesofthepast.____38____(original)named“Yuanshazhou”andalsoknownas“Yuanzhouzi”,it____39____(refer)toas“Wulongyu”duringtheSouthernSongDynasty.Later,duetothesoundresemblingadrum,itwasrenamed“Gulangyu.”Famousforitsnaturallandscapesandculturalheritage,Gulangyuboasts____40____(attraction)suchasSunlightRock,ShuzhuangGarden,andmore.FigureslikeBaJinandLinYutangfoundinspirationhere,____41____(enrich)theisland’sintellectualheritage.Duringthewinter,lifehereseemstoslowdown.Intheearlymorning,it’spreferabletowalkthroughthealleys____42____(surround)byEuropean-stylebuildings.Breathingintheairfilledwiththesmellofthesea____43____(bring)anextraordinarysenseoffreshnessandjoy.____44____walktoSunlightRockontheislandoffersaviewoftheentirecityofXiamen.Intheafternoon,onecanenjoyarichcupofcoffeeinacafébythesea,_____45_____feelslikebeinginamovingpaintingwiththeoccasionalfishingboatpassingby.Asthesunsets,theentireislandisenvelopedinagoldensunset.Atthismoment,Gulangyubecomesevenmoregentleandromantic.【答案】36.its37.to38.Originally39.wasreferred40attractions41.enriching42.surrounded43.brings44.A45.which【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鼓浪屿历史以及景点等信息。【36题详解】考查代词。句意：在冬日柔和的阳光下，鼓浪屿像一颗明珠，静静地躺在大海里，展现着它独特的魅力。修饰名词charm，需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：这座小岛是历史的见证。awitnessto为固定搭配，意为“……的见证者”。故填to。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：它原名“圆沙洲”，也被称为“圆舟仔”，在南宋时期被称为“五龙